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Human Follies (La Bêtise Humaine.)
Human Follies (La Bêtise Humaine.)

Chapter IV

Chapter 4 of Human Follies (La Bêtise Humaine.) is here in full — 64 sentences across 13 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Human Follies (La Bêtise Humaine.)
Context Illustration Reading 1/12 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
At the door of the commissary’s office, the clerk politely begged Eusebe to enter first, introducing him into a room divided into two parts by a screen of green lustring.
The dilapidated walls were covered with black designs executed by offenders, who had whiled away the tedium of waiting by cultivating the fine arts.
The rays of the sun, struggling to enter at a window that looked into the court, shone feebly on an old black desk, upon which a quantity of stamped papers, that seemed to have the jaundice, were lying.
Two clerks, whose appearance was in keeping with the place, were scribbling away mechanically.
Eusebe, who thought the adjective _shabby_ the proper word with which to qualify the _ensemble_, said to the clerk,-- “Is this, sir, what is called the formidable _appareil_ of the courts of justice?”
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Human Follies (La Bêtise Humaine.)

Chapter IV

Chapter 4 of Human Follies (La Bêtise Humaine.) is here in full — 64 sentences across 13 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/12 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
At the door of the commissary’s office, the clerk politely begged Eusebe to enter first, introducing him into a room divided into two parts by a screen of green lustring.
Line 2
The dilapidated walls were covered with black designs executed by offenders, who had whiled away the tedium of waiting by cultivating the fine arts.
Line 3
The rays of the sun, struggling to enter at a window that looked into the court, shone feebly on an old black desk, upon which a quantity of stamped papers, that seemed to have the jaundice, were lying.
/ðə reɪz ʌv ðə sʌn ˈstrʌɡəlɪŋ tuː ˈentər æt ə ˈwɪndoʊ ðæt lʊkt ˈɪntuː ðə kɔːrt ʃoʊn ˈfiːbli ɑːn æn oʊld blæk desk əˈpɑːn wɪtʃ ə ˈkwɑːntəti ʌv stæmpt ˈpeɪpərz ðæt siːmd tuː hæv ðə ˈdʒɔːndəs wɜːr ˈlaɪɪŋ/
Line 4
Two clerks, whose appearance was in keeping with the place, were scribbling away mechanically.
/tuː klɜːrks huːz əˈpɪrəns wɑːz ɪn ˈkiːpɪŋ wɪð ðə pleɪs wɜːr ˈskrɪbəlɪŋ əˈweɪ məˈkænɪkli/
Line 5
Eusebe, who thought the adjective _shabby_ the proper word with which to qualify the _ensemble_, said to the clerk,-- “Is this, sir, what is called the formidable _appareil_ of the courts of justice?”

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

adjective noun US /ˈædʒɪktɪv/

a word that expresses an attribute of something

From this reading “Eusebe, who thought the adjective _shabby_ the proper word with which to qualify the _ensemble_, said to the clerk,-- “Is this, sir, what is called the formidable _appareil_ of the courts of justice?””

cultivating verb US /ˈkʌltɪveɪtɪŋ/

-ing form of “cultivate” — foster the growth of

From this reading “The dilapidated walls were covered with black designs executed by offenders, who had whiled away the tedium of waiting by cultivating the fine arts.”

ensemble noun US /ɑːnˈsɑːmbəl/

a group of musicians playing or singing together

jaundice noun US /ˈdʒɔːndəs/

yellowing of the skin and the whites of the eyes caused by an accumulation of bile pigment (bilirubin) in the blood; can be a symptom of gallstones or liver infection or anemia

From this reading “The rays of the sun, struggling to enter at a window that looked into the court, shone feebly on an old black desk, upon which a quantity of stamped papers, that seemed to have the jaundice, were lying.”

offenders noun US /əˈfendərz/

plural of “offender” — a person who transgresses moral or civil law

From this reading “The dilapidated walls were covered with black designs executed by offenders, who had whiled away the tedium of waiting by cultivating the fine arts.”

qualify verb US /ˈkwɑːləfaɪ/

prove capable or fit; meet requirements

From this reading “Eusebe, who thought the adjective _shabby_ the proper word with which to qualify the _ensemble_, said to the clerk,-- “Is this, sir, what is called the formidable _appareil_ of the courts of justice?””

scribbling verb US /ˈskrɪbəlɪŋ/

-ing form of “scribble” — write down quickly without much attention to detail

From this reading “Two clerks, whose appearance was in keeping with the place, were scribbling away mechanically.”

tedium noun US /ˈtiːdiəm/

the feeling of being bored by something tedious

From this reading “The dilapidated walls were covered with black designs executed by offenders, who had whiled away the tedium of waiting by cultivating the fine arts.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

fine arts adjective + noun

the study and creation of visual works of art

In this reading “The dilapidated walls were covered with black designs executed by offenders, who had whiled away the tedium of waiting by cultivating the fine arts.”

into a room preposition + article + noun counted as “into … room”

In this reading “At the door of the commissary’s office, the clerk politely begged Eusebe to enter first, introducing him into a room divided into two parts by a screen of green lustring.”

two parts noun + noun

In this reading “At the door of the commissary’s office, the clerk politely begged Eusebe to enter first, introducing him into a room divided into two parts by a screen of green lustring.”

At the door preposition + article + noun counted as “at … door”

In this reading “At the door of the commissary’s office, the clerk politely begged Eusebe to enter first, introducing him into a room divided into two parts by a screen of green lustring.”

at a window preposition + article + noun counted as “at … window”

In this reading “The rays of the sun, struggling to enter at a window that looked into the court, shone feebly on an old black desk, upon which a quantity of stamped papers, that seemed to have the jaundice, were lying.”

looked into verb + particle counted as “look into”

investigate scientifically

In this reading “The rays of the sun, struggling to enter at a window that looked into the court, shone feebly on an old black desk, upon which a quantity of stamped papers, that seemed to have the jaundice, were lying.”

into the court preposition + article + noun counted as “into … court”

In this reading “The rays of the sun, struggling to enter at a window that looked into the court, shone feebly on an old black desk, upon which a quantity of stamped papers, that seemed to have the jaundice, were lying.”

in keeping preposition + noun

In this reading “Two clerks, whose appearance was in keeping with the place, were scribbling away mechanically.”

All words in this reading · 91

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading At the door of the commissary’s office, the clerk politely begged Eusebe to enter first, introducing him into a room divided into two parts by a screen of green lustring.

adjectivenounUS /ˈædʒɪktɪv/

a word that expresses an attribute of something

From this reading Eusebe, who thought the adjective _shabby_ the proper word with which to qualify the _ensemble_, said to the clerk,-- “Is this, sir, what is called the formidable _appareil_ of the courts of justice?”

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading The rays of the sun, struggling to enter at a window that looked into the court, shone feebly on an old black desk, upon which a quantity of stamped papers, that seemed to have the jaundice, were lying.

appareil

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Eusebe, who thought the adjective _shabby_ the proper word with which to qualify the _ensemble_, said to the clerk,-- “Is this, sir, what is called the formidable _appareil_ of the courts of justice?”

appearancenounUS /əˈpɪrəns/

outward or visible aspect of a person or thing

From this reading Two clerks, whose appearance was in keeping with the place, were scribbling away mechanically.

artsnounUS /ɑːrts/

studies intended to provide general knowledge and intellectual skills (rather than occupational or professional skills)

From this reading The dilapidated walls were covered with black designs executed by offenders, who had whiled away the tedium of waiting by cultivating the fine arts.

AtprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading At the door of the commissary’s office, the clerk politely begged Eusebe to enter first, introducing him into a room divided into two parts by a screen of green lustring.

awayadverbUS /əˈweɪ/

from a particular thing or place or position (“forth” is obsolete)

From this reading The dilapidated walls were covered with black designs executed by offenders, who had whiled away the tedium of waiting by cultivating the fine arts.

beggedverbUS /beɡd/

inflected form of “beg” — call upon in supplication; entreat

From this reading At the door of the commissary’s office, the clerk politely begged Eusebe to enter first, introducing him into a room divided into two parts by a screen of green lustring.

blackadjectiveUS /blæk/

being of the achromatic color of maximum darkness; having little or no hue owing to absorption of almost all incident light

From this reading The dilapidated walls were covered with black designs executed by offenders, who had whiled away the tedium of waiting by cultivating the fine arts.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading At the door of the commissary’s office, the clerk politely begged Eusebe to enter first, introducing him into a room divided into two parts by a screen of green lustring.

calledverbUS /kɔːld/

past form of “call” — assign a specified (usually proper) proper name to

From this reading Eusebe, who thought the adjective _shabby_ the proper word with which to qualify the _ensemble_, said to the clerk,-- “Is this, sir, what is called the formidable _appareil_ of the courts of justice?”

clerknounUS /klɜːrk/

an employee who performs clerical work (e.g., keeps records or accounts)

From this reading At the door of the commissary’s office, the clerk politely begged Eusebe to enter first, introducing him into a room divided into two parts by a screen of green lustring.

clerksnounUS /klɜːrks/

plural of “clerk” — an employee who performs clerical work (e.g., keeps records or accounts)

From this reading Two clerks, whose appearance was in keeping with the place, were scribbling away mechanically.

commissary's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading At the door of the commissary’s office, the clerk politely begged Eusebe to enter first, introducing him into a room divided into two parts by a screen of green lustring.

courtnounUS /kɔːrt/

an assembly (including one or more judges) to conduct judicial business

From this reading The rays of the sun, struggling to enter at a window that looked into the court, shone feebly on an old black desk, upon which a quantity of stamped papers, that seemed to have the jaundice, were lying.

courtsnounUS /kɔːrts/

plural of “court” — an assembly (including one or more judges) to conduct judicial business

From this reading Eusebe, who thought the adjective _shabby_ the proper word with which to qualify the _ensemble_, said to the clerk,-- “Is this, sir, what is called the formidable _appareil_ of the courts of justice?”

coveredadjectiveUS /ˈkʌvərd/

overlaid or spread or topped with or enclosed within something; sometimes used as a combining form

From this reading The dilapidated walls were covered with black designs executed by offenders, who had whiled away the tedium of waiting by cultivating the fine arts.

cultivatingverbUS /ˈkʌltɪveɪtɪŋ/

-ing form of “cultivate” — foster the growth of

From this reading The dilapidated walls were covered with black designs executed by offenders, who had whiled away the tedium of waiting by cultivating the fine arts.

designsnounUS /dɪˈzaɪnz/

plural of “design” — the act of working out the form of something (as by making a sketch or outline or plan)

From this reading The dilapidated walls were covered with black designs executed by offenders, who had whiled away the tedium of waiting by cultivating the fine arts.

desknounUS /desk/

a piece of furniture with a writing surface and usually drawers or other compartments

From this reading The rays of the sun, struggling to enter at a window that looked into the court, shone feebly on an old black desk, upon which a quantity of stamped papers, that seemed to have the jaundice, were lying.

dilapidatedadjectiveUS /dəˈlæpədeɪtɪd/

in deplorable condition

From this reading The dilapidated walls were covered with black designs executed by offenders, who had whiled away the tedium of waiting by cultivating the fine arts.

dividedadjectiveUS /dɪˈvaɪdɪd/

separated into parts or pieces

From this reading At the door of the commissary’s office, the clerk politely begged Eusebe to enter first, introducing him into a room divided into two parts by a screen of green lustring.

doornounUS /dɔːr/

a swinging or sliding barrier that will close the entrance to a room or building or vehicle

From this reading At the door of the commissary’s office, the clerk politely begged Eusebe to enter first, introducing him into a room divided into two parts by a screen of green lustring.

ensemblenounUS /ɑːnˈsɑːmbəl/

a group of musicians playing or singing together

From this reading Eusebe, who thought the adjective _shabby_ the proper word with which to qualify the _ensemble_, said to the clerk,-- “Is this, sir, what is called the formidable _appareil_ of the courts of justice?”

enterverbUS /ˈentər/

to come or go into

From this reading At the door of the commissary’s office, the clerk politely begged Eusebe to enter first, introducing him into a room divided into two parts by a screen of green lustring.

Eusebe

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading At the door of the commissary’s office, the clerk politely begged Eusebe to enter first, introducing him into a room divided into two parts by a screen of green lustring.

executedadjectiveUS /ˈeksəkjuːtɪd/

put to death as punishment

From this reading The dilapidated walls were covered with black designs executed by offenders, who had whiled away the tedium of waiting by cultivating the fine arts.

feeblyadverbUS /ˈfiːbli/

in a faint and feeble manner

From this reading The rays of the sun, struggling to enter at a window that looked into the court, shone feebly on an old black desk, upon which a quantity of stamped papers, that seemed to have the jaundice, were lying.

fineadjectiveUS /faɪn/

being satisfactory or in satisfactory condition

From this reading The dilapidated walls were covered with black designs executed by offenders, who had whiled away the tedium of waiting by cultivating the fine arts.

firstadjectiveUS /fɜːrst/

preceding all others in time or space or degree

From this reading At the door of the commissary’s office, the clerk politely begged Eusebe to enter first, introducing him into a room divided into two parts by a screen of green lustring.

formidableadjectiveUS /ˈfɔːrmədəbəl/

extremely impressive in strength or excellence

From this reading Eusebe, who thought the adjective _shabby_ the proper word with which to qualify the _ensemble_, said to the clerk,-- “Is this, sir, what is called the formidable _appareil_ of the courts of justice?”

greennounUS /ɡriːn/

green color or pigment; resembling the color of growing grass

From this reading At the door of the commissary’s office, the clerk politely begged Eusebe to enter first, introducing him into a room divided into two parts by a screen of green lustring.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading The dilapidated walls were covered with black designs executed by offenders, who had whiled away the tedium of waiting by cultivating the fine arts.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading The rays of the sun, struggling to enter at a window that looked into the court, shone feebly on an old black desk, upon which a quantity of stamped papers, that seemed to have the jaundice, were lying.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading At the door of the commissary’s office, the clerk politely begged Eusebe to enter first, introducing him into a room divided into two parts by a screen of green lustring.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Two clerks, whose appearance was in keeping with the place, were scribbling away mechanically.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading At the door of the commissary’s office, the clerk politely begged Eusebe to enter first, introducing him into a room divided into two parts by a screen of green lustring.

introducingverbUS /ˌɪntrəˈduːsɪŋ/

-ing form of “introduce” — cause to come to know personally

From this reading At the door of the commissary’s office, the clerk politely begged Eusebe to enter first, introducing him into a room divided into two parts by a screen of green lustring.

Isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Eusebe, who thought the adjective _shabby_ the proper word with which to qualify the _ensemble_, said to the clerk,-- “Is this, sir, what is called the formidable _appareil_ of the courts of justice?”

jaundicenounUS /ˈdʒɔːndəs/

yellowing of the skin and the whites of the eyes caused by an accumulation of bile pigment (bilirubin) in the blood; can be a symptom of gallstones or liver infection or anemia

From this reading The rays of the sun, struggling to enter at a window that looked into the court, shone feebly on an old black desk, upon which a quantity of stamped papers, that seemed to have the jaundice, were lying.

justicenounUS /ˈdʒʌstəs/

the quality of being just or fair

From this reading Eusebe, who thought the adjective _shabby_ the proper word with which to qualify the _ensemble_, said to the clerk,-- “Is this, sir, what is called the formidable _appareil_ of the courts of justice?”

keepingnounUS /ˈkiːpɪŋ/

conformity or harmony

From this reading Two clerks, whose appearance was in keeping with the place, were scribbling away mechanically.

lookedverbUS /lʊkt/

past form of “look” — perceive with attention; direct one's gaze towards

From this reading The rays of the sun, struggling to enter at a window that looked into the court, shone feebly on an old black desk, upon which a quantity of stamped papers, that seemed to have the jaundice, were lying.

lustring

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading At the door of the commissary’s office, the clerk politely begged Eusebe to enter first, introducing him into a room divided into two parts by a screen of green lustring.

lyingnounUS /ˈlaɪɪŋ/

the deliberate act of deviating from the truth

From this reading The rays of the sun, struggling to enter at a window that looked into the court, shone feebly on an old black desk, upon which a quantity of stamped papers, that seemed to have the jaundice, were lying.

mechanicallyadverbUS /məˈkænɪkli/

in a mechanical manner; by a mechanism

From this reading Two clerks, whose appearance was in keeping with the place, were scribbling away mechanically.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading At the door of the commissary’s office, the clerk politely begged Eusebe to enter first, introducing him into a room divided into two parts by a screen of green lustring.

offendersnounUS /əˈfendərz/

plural of “offender” — a person who transgresses moral or civil law

From this reading The dilapidated walls were covered with black designs executed by offenders, who had whiled away the tedium of waiting by cultivating the fine arts.

officenounUS /ˈɔːfɪs/

place of business where professional or clerical duties are performed

From this reading At the door of the commissary’s office, the clerk politely begged Eusebe to enter first, introducing him into a room divided into two parts by a screen of green lustring.

oldadjectiveUS /oʊld/

(used especially of persons) having lived for a relatively long time or attained a specific age

From this reading The rays of the sun, struggling to enter at a window that looked into the court, shone feebly on an old black desk, upon which a quantity of stamped papers, that seemed to have the jaundice, were lying.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading The rays of the sun, struggling to enter at a window that looked into the court, shone feebly on an old black desk, upon which a quantity of stamped papers, that seemed to have the jaundice, were lying.

papersnounUS /ˈpeɪpərz/

writing that provides information (especially information of an official nature)

From this reading The rays of the sun, struggling to enter at a window that looked into the court, shone feebly on an old black desk, upon which a quantity of stamped papers, that seemed to have the jaundice, were lying.

partsnounUS /pɑːrts/

the local environment

From this reading At the door of the commissary’s office, the clerk politely begged Eusebe to enter first, introducing him into a room divided into two parts by a screen of green lustring.

placenounUS /pleɪs/

a point located with respect to surface features of some region

From this reading Two clerks, whose appearance was in keeping with the place, were scribbling away mechanically.

politelyadverbUS /pəˈlaɪtli/

in a polite manner

From this reading At the door of the commissary’s office, the clerk politely begged Eusebe to enter first, introducing him into a room divided into two parts by a screen of green lustring.

properadjectiveUS /ˈprɑːpər/

marked by suitability or rightness or appropriateness

From this reading Eusebe, who thought the adjective _shabby_ the proper word with which to qualify the _ensemble_, said to the clerk,-- “Is this, sir, what is called the formidable _appareil_ of the courts of justice?”

qualifyverbUS /ˈkwɑːləfaɪ/

prove capable or fit; meet requirements

From this reading Eusebe, who thought the adjective _shabby_ the proper word with which to qualify the _ensemble_, said to the clerk,-- “Is this, sir, what is called the formidable _appareil_ of the courts of justice?”

quantitynounUS /ˈkwɑːntəti/

how much there is or how many there are of something that you can quantify

From this reading The rays of the sun, struggling to enter at a window that looked into the court, shone feebly on an old black desk, upon which a quantity of stamped papers, that seemed to have the jaundice, were lying.

raysnounUS /reɪz/

plural of “ray” — a column of light (as from a beacon)

From this reading The rays of the sun, struggling to enter at a window that looked into the court, shone feebly on an old black desk, upon which a quantity of stamped papers, that seemed to have the jaundice, were lying.

roomnounUS /ruːm/

an area within a building enclosed by walls and floor and ceiling

From this reading At the door of the commissary’s office, the clerk politely begged Eusebe to enter first, introducing him into a room divided into two parts by a screen of green lustring.

saidadjectiveUS /sed/

being the one previously mentioned or spoken of

From this reading Eusebe, who thought the adjective _shabby_ the proper word with which to qualify the _ensemble_, said to the clerk,-- “Is this, sir, what is called the formidable _appareil_ of the courts of justice?”

screennounUS /skriːn/

a white or silvered surface where pictures can be projected for viewing

From this reading At the door of the commissary’s office, the clerk politely begged Eusebe to enter first, introducing him into a room divided into two parts by a screen of green lustring.

scribblingverbUS /ˈskrɪbəlɪŋ/

-ing form of “scribble” — write down quickly without much attention to detail

From this reading Two clerks, whose appearance was in keeping with the place, were scribbling away mechanically.

seemedverbUS /siːmd/

past form of “seem” — give a certain impression or have a certain outward aspect

From this reading The rays of the sun, struggling to enter at a window that looked into the court, shone feebly on an old black desk, upon which a quantity of stamped papers, that seemed to have the jaundice, were lying.

shabbyadjectiveUS /ˈʃæbi/

showing signs of wear and tear

From this reading Eusebe, who thought the adjective _shabby_ the proper word with which to qualify the _ensemble_, said to the clerk,-- “Is this, sir, what is called the formidable _appareil_ of the courts of justice?”

shoneverbUS /ʃoʊn/

inflected form of “shine” — be bright by reflecting or casting light

From this reading The rays of the sun, struggling to enter at a window that looked into the court, shone feebly on an old black desk, upon which a quantity of stamped papers, that seemed to have the jaundice, were lying.

sirnounUS /sɜːr/

term of address for a man

From this reading Eusebe, who thought the adjective _shabby_ the proper word with which to qualify the _ensemble_, said to the clerk,-- “Is this, sir, what is called the formidable _appareil_ of the courts of justice?”

stampedverbUS /stæmpt/

past form of “stamp” — walk heavily

From this reading The rays of the sun, struggling to enter at a window that looked into the court, shone feebly on an old black desk, upon which a quantity of stamped papers, that seemed to have the jaundice, were lying.

strugglingadjectiveUS /ˈstrʌɡəlɪŋ/

engaged in a struggle to overcome especially poverty or obscurity

From this reading The rays of the sun, struggling to enter at a window that looked into the court, shone feebly on an old black desk, upon which a quantity of stamped papers, that seemed to have the jaundice, were lying.

sunnounUS /sʌn/

the star that is the source of light and heat for the planets in the solar system

From this reading The rays of the sun, struggling to enter at a window that looked into the court, shone feebly on an old black desk, upon which a quantity of stamped papers, that seemed to have the jaundice, were lying.

tediumnounUS /ˈtiːdiəm/

the feeling of being bored by something tedious

From this reading The dilapidated walls were covered with black designs executed by offenders, who had whiled away the tedium of waiting by cultivating the fine arts.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading The rays of the sun, struggling to enter at a window that looked into the court, shone feebly on an old black desk, upon which a quantity of stamped papers, that seemed to have the jaundice, were lying.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading At the door of the commissary’s office, the clerk politely begged Eusebe to enter first, introducing him into a room divided into two parts by a screen of green lustring.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading Eusebe, who thought the adjective _shabby_ the proper word with which to qualify the _ensemble_, said to the clerk,-- “Is this, sir, what is called the formidable _appareil_ of the courts of justice?”

thoughtnounUS /θɔːt/

the content of cognition; the main thing you are thinking about

From this reading Eusebe, who thought the adjective _shabby_ the proper word with which to qualify the _ensemble_, said to the clerk,-- “Is this, sir, what is called the formidable _appareil_ of the courts of justice?”

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading At the door of the commissary’s office, the clerk politely begged Eusebe to enter first, introducing him into a room divided into two parts by a screen of green lustring.

twonounUS /tuː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one or a numeral representing this number

From this reading At the door of the commissary’s office, the clerk politely begged Eusebe to enter first, introducing him into a room divided into two parts by a screen of green lustring.

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading The rays of the sun, struggling to enter at a window that looked into the court, shone feebly on an old black desk, upon which a quantity of stamped papers, that seemed to have the jaundice, were lying.

waitingnounUS /ˈweɪtɪŋ/

the act of waiting (remaining inactive in one place while expecting something)

From this reading The dilapidated walls were covered with black designs executed by offenders, who had whiled away the tedium of waiting by cultivating the fine arts.

wallsnounUS /wɔːlz/

plural of “wall” — an architectural partition with a height and length greater than its thickness; used to divide or enclose an area or to support another structure

From this reading The dilapidated walls were covered with black designs executed by offenders, who had whiled away the tedium of waiting by cultivating the fine arts.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Two clerks, whose appearance was in keeping with the place, were scribbling away mechanically.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading The dilapidated walls were covered with black designs executed by offenders, who had whiled away the tedium of waiting by cultivating the fine arts.

whatpronounUS /wʌt/

used to ask for information about something

From this reading Eusebe, who thought the adjective _shabby_ the proper word with which to qualify the _ensemble_, said to the clerk,-- “Is this, sir, what is called the formidable _appareil_ of the courts of justice?”

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading The rays of the sun, struggling to enter at a window that looked into the court, shone feebly on an old black desk, upon which a quantity of stamped papers, that seemed to have the jaundice, were lying.

whiled

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The dilapidated walls were covered with black designs executed by offenders, who had whiled away the tedium of waiting by cultivating the fine arts.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading The dilapidated walls were covered with black designs executed by offenders, who had whiled away the tedium of waiting by cultivating the fine arts.

whosedeterminerUS /huːz/

belonging to which person

From this reading Two clerks, whose appearance was in keeping with the place, were scribbling away mechanically.

windownounUS /ˈwɪndoʊ/

a framework of wood or metal that contains a glass windowpane and is built into a wall or roof to admit light or air

From this reading The rays of the sun, struggling to enter at a window that looked into the court, shone feebly on an old black desk, upon which a quantity of stamped papers, that seemed to have the jaundice, were lying.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading The dilapidated walls were covered with black designs executed by offenders, who had whiled away the tedium of waiting by cultivating the fine arts.

wordnounUS /wɜːrd/

a unit of language that native speakers can identify

From this reading Eusebe, who thought the adjective _shabby_ the proper word with which to qualify the _ensemble_, said to the clerk,-- “Is this, sir, what is called the formidable _appareil_ of the courts of justice?”

Chapter 4 of Human Follies (La Bêtise Humaine.) by Jules Noriac holds 64 sentences, grouped into 13 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 4 of Human Follies (La Bêtise Humaine.) contain?

Chapter 4 holds 64 sentences of Human Follies (La Bêtise Humaine.), unabridged, divided into 13 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 4 of Human Follies (La Bêtise Humaine.) by Jules Noriac exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 64 sentences, grouped into 13 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 4 of Human Follies (La Bêtise Humaine.)?

Work through the 13 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 13 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 4 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 4 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Human Follies (La Bêtise Humaine.)

Common questions about reading Human Follies (La Bêtise Humaine.) by Jules Noriac on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Human Follies (La Bêtise Humaine.)?

Yes. All 2508 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #50179 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Human Follies (La Bêtise Humaine.) is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #50179, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Human Follies (La Bêtise Humaine.) take to read?

About 209 minutes of reading across 502 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Human Follies (La Bêtise Humaine.) section by section

How to work through Human Follies (La Bêtise Humaine.) section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 39 chapters of Human Follies (La Bêtise Humaine.) to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Human Follies (La Bêtise Humaine.)

Words and structures a reader meets early in Human Follies (La Bêtise Humaine.), each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Eusebe
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Human Follies (La Bêtise Humaine.); the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Martin
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Human Follies (La Bêtise Humaine.); the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Attained
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Human Follies (La Bêtise Humaine.); the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Twenty-first
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Human Follies (La Bêtise Humaine.); the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.