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Humors Looking Glasse
Humors Looking Glasse

Chapter I

Chapter 1 of Humors Looking Glasse is here in full — 165 sentences across 33 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Humors Looking Glasse
Context Illustration Reading 1/33 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
This text was originally printed in 1608, and uses the spelling of that period
The only alterations made (for readability) are to use s rather than long-s and j rather than i, and to standardise u/v to modern convention.
One or two punctuation errors have also been corrected (poems should end with full stops).
Any remaining apparent errors in the text are as printed.
Decorative illustrations are not marked in this plain text version.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Humors Looking Glasse

Chapter I

Chapter 1 of Humors Looking Glasse is here in full — 165 sentences across 33 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/33 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
This text was originally printed in 1608, and uses the spelling of that period
Line 2
The only alterations made (for readability) are to use s rather than long-s and j rather than i, and to standardise u/v to modern convention.
Line 3
One or two punctuation errors have also been corrected (poems should end with full stops).
/wʌn ɔːr tuː ˌpʌŋktʃuːˈeɪʃən ˈerərz hæv ˈɔːlsoʊ bɪn kərˈektəd ˈpoʊəmz ʃʊd end wɪð fʊl stɑːps/
Line 4
Any remaining apparent errors in the text are as printed.
/ˈeni rɪˈmeɪnɪŋ əˈperənt ˈerərz ɪn ðə tekst ɑːr æz ˈprɪntɪd/
Line 5
Decorative illustrations are not marked in this plain text version.
/ˈdekrətɪv ˌɪləˈstreɪʃənz ɑːr nɑːt mɑːrkt ɪn ðɪs pleɪn tekst ˈvɜːrʒən/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

alterations noun US /ˌɔːltərˈeɪʃənz/

plural of “alteration” — an event that occurs when something passes from one state or phase to another

From this reading “The only alterations made (for readability) are to use s rather than long-s and j rather than i, and to standardise u/v to modern convention.”

convention noun US /kənˈvenʃən/

a large formal assembly

From this reading “The only alterations made (for readability) are to use s rather than long-s and j rather than i, and to standardise u/v to modern convention.”

Decorative adjective US /ˈdekrətɪv/

serving an esthetic rather than a useful purpose

From this reading “Decorative illustrations are not marked in this plain text version.”

punctuation noun US /ˌpʌŋktʃuːˈeɪʃən/

something that makes repeated and regular interruptions or divisions

From this reading “One or two punctuation errors have also been corrected (poems should end with full stops).”

readability noun US /ˌriːdəˈbɪlɪti/

the quality of written language that makes it easy to read and understand

From this reading “The only alterations made (for readability) are to use s rather than long-s and j rather than i, and to standardise u/v to modern convention.”

spelling noun US /ˈspelɪŋ/

forming words with letters according to the principles underlying accepted usage

From this reading “This text was originally printed in 1608, and uses the spelling of that period”

stops noun US /stɑːps/

a gambling card game in which chips are placed on the ace and king and queen and jack of separate suits (taken from a separate deck)

From this reading “One or two punctuation errors have also been corrected (poems should end with full stops).”

version noun US /ˈvɜːrʒən/

an interpretation of a matter from a particular viewpoint

From this reading “Decorative illustrations are not marked in this plain text version.”

All words in this reading · 58

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

1608

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading This text was originally printed in 1608, and uses the spelling of that period

alsoadverbUS /ˈɔːlsoʊ/

in addition

From this reading One or two punctuation errors have also been corrected (poems should end with full stops).

alterationsnounUS /ˌɔːltərˈeɪʃənz/

plural of “alteration” — an event that occurs when something passes from one state or phase to another

From this reading The only alterations made (for readability) are to use s rather than long-s and j rather than i, and to standardise u/v to modern convention.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading This text was originally printed in 1608, and uses the spelling of that period

AnyadjectiveUS /ˈeni/

one or some or every or all without specification

From this reading Any remaining apparent errors in the text are as printed.

apparentadjectiveUS /əˈperənt/

clearly revealed to the mind or the senses or judgment

From this reading Any remaining apparent errors in the text are as printed.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading The only alterations made (for readability) are to use s rather than long-s and j rather than i, and to standardise u/v to modern convention.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading Any remaining apparent errors in the text are as printed.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading One or two punctuation errors have also been corrected (poems should end with full stops).

conventionnounUS /kənˈvenʃən/

a large formal assembly

From this reading The only alterations made (for readability) are to use s rather than long-s and j rather than i, and to standardise u/v to modern convention.

correctedadjectiveUS /kərˈektəd/

having something undesirable neutralized

From this reading One or two punctuation errors have also been corrected (poems should end with full stops).

DecorativeadjectiveUS /ˈdekrətɪv/

serving an esthetic rather than a useful purpose

From this reading Decorative illustrations are not marked in this plain text version.

endnounUS /end/

either extremity of something that has length

From this reading One or two punctuation errors have also been corrected (poems should end with full stops).

errorsnounUS /ˈerərz/

plural of “error” — a wrong action attributable to bad judgment or ignorance or inattention

From this reading One or two punctuation errors have also been corrected (poems should end with full stops).

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading The only alterations made (for readability) are to use s rather than long-s and j rather than i, and to standardise u/v to modern convention.

fulladjectiveUS /fʊl/

containing as much or as many as is possible or normal

From this reading One or two punctuation errors have also been corrected (poems should end with full stops).

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading One or two punctuation errors have also been corrected (poems should end with full stops).

ipronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading The only alterations made (for readability) are to use s rather than long-s and j rather than i, and to standardise u/v to modern convention.

illustrationsnounUS /ˌɪləˈstreɪʃənz/

plural of “illustration” — artwork that helps make something clear or attractive

From this reading Decorative illustrations are not marked in this plain text version.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading This text was originally printed in 1608, and uses the spelling of that period

jnounUS /dʒeɪ/

a unit of electrical energy equal to the work done when a current of one ampere passes through a resistance of one ohm for one second

From this reading The only alterations made (for readability) are to use s rather than long-s and j rather than i, and to standardise u/v to modern convention.

long-s

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The only alterations made (for readability) are to use s rather than long-s and j rather than i, and to standardise u/v to modern convention.

madeadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading The only alterations made (for readability) are to use s rather than long-s and j rather than i, and to standardise u/v to modern convention.

markedadjectiveUS /mɑːrkt/

strongly marked; easily noticeable

From this reading Decorative illustrations are not marked in this plain text version.

modernadjectiveUS /ˈmɑːdərn/

belonging to the modern era; since the Middle Ages

From this reading The only alterations made (for readability) are to use s rather than long-s and j rather than i, and to standardise u/v to modern convention.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading Decorative illustrations are not marked in this plain text version.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading This text was originally printed in 1608, and uses the spelling of that period

OnepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading One or two punctuation errors have also been corrected (poems should end with full stops).

onlyadverbUS /ˈoʊnli/

and nothing more

From this reading The only alterations made (for readability) are to use s rather than long-s and j rather than i, and to standardise u/v to modern convention.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading One or two punctuation errors have also been corrected (poems should end with full stops).

originallyadverbUS /ərˈɪdʒənəli/

in an original manner

From this reading This text was originally printed in 1608, and uses the spelling of that period

periodnounUS /ˈpɪriəd/

an amount of time

From this reading This text was originally printed in 1608, and uses the spelling of that period

plainadjectiveUS /pleɪn/

clearly revealed to the mind or the senses or judgment

From this reading Decorative illustrations are not marked in this plain text version.

poemsnounUS /ˈpoʊəmz/

plural of “poem” — a composition written in metrical feet forming rhythmical lines

From this reading One or two punctuation errors have also been corrected (poems should end with full stops).

printedverbUS /ˈprɪntɪd/

past form of “print” — put into print

From this reading This text was originally printed in 1608, and uses the spelling of that period

punctuationnounUS /ˌpʌŋktʃuːˈeɪʃən/

something that makes repeated and regular interruptions or divisions

From this reading One or two punctuation errors have also been corrected (poems should end with full stops).

ratheradverbUS /ˈræðər/

on the contrary

From this reading The only alterations made (for readability) are to use s rather than long-s and j rather than i, and to standardise u/v to modern convention.

readabilitynounUS /ˌriːdəˈbɪlɪti/

the quality of written language that makes it easy to read and understand

From this reading The only alterations made (for readability) are to use s rather than long-s and j rather than i, and to standardise u/v to modern convention.

remainingadjectiveUS /rɪˈmeɪnɪŋ/

not used up

From this reading Any remaining apparent errors in the text are as printed.

snounUS /es/

1/60 of a minute; the basic unit of time adopted under the Systeme International d'Unites

From this reading The only alterations made (for readability) are to use s rather than long-s and j rather than i, and to standardise u/v to modern convention.

shouldmodal verbUS /ʃʊd/

used to say what is right, expected, or advisable

From this reading One or two punctuation errors have also been corrected (poems should end with full stops).

spellingnounUS /ˈspelɪŋ/

forming words with letters according to the principles underlying accepted usage

From this reading This text was originally printed in 1608, and uses the spelling of that period

standardiseverb

evaluate by comparing with a standard

From this reading The only alterations made (for readability) are to use s rather than long-s and j rather than i, and to standardise u/v to modern convention.

stopsnounUS /stɑːps/

a gambling card game in which chips are placed on the ace and king and queen and jack of separate suits (taken from a separate deck)

From this reading One or two punctuation errors have also been corrected (poems should end with full stops).

textnounUS /tekst/

the words of something written

From this reading This text was originally printed in 1608, and uses the spelling of that period

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading The only alterations made (for readability) are to use s rather than long-s and j rather than i, and to standardise u/v to modern convention.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading This text was originally printed in 1608, and uses the spelling of that period

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading This text was originally printed in 1608, and uses the spelling of that period

ThisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading This text was originally printed in 1608, and uses the spelling of that period

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading The only alterations made (for readability) are to use s rather than long-s and j rather than i, and to standardise u/v to modern convention.

twonounUS /tuː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one or a numeral representing this number

From this reading One or two punctuation errors have also been corrected (poems should end with full stops).

unounUS /juː/

a base containing nitrogen that is found in RNA (but not in DNA) and derived from pyrimidine; pairs with adenine

From this reading The only alterations made (for readability) are to use s rather than long-s and j rather than i, and to standardise u/v to modern convention.

usenounUS /juːs/

the act of using

From this reading The only alterations made (for readability) are to use s rather than long-s and j rather than i, and to standardise u/v to modern convention.

usesnounUS /ˈjuːsəz/

plural of “use” — the act of using

From this reading This text was originally printed in 1608, and uses the spelling of that period

vnounUS /viː/

a unit of potential equal to the potential difference between two points on a conductor carrying a current of 1 ampere when the power dissipated between the two points is 1 watt

From this reading The only alterations made (for readability) are to use s rather than long-s and j rather than i, and to standardise u/v to modern convention.

versionnounUS /ˈvɜːrʒən/

an interpretation of a matter from a particular viewpoint

From this reading Decorative illustrations are not marked in this plain text version.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading This text was originally printed in 1608, and uses the spelling of that period

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading One or two punctuation errors have also been corrected (poems should end with full stops).

Chapter 1 of Humors Looking Glasse by Samuel Rowlands holds 165 sentences, grouped into 33 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 1 of Humors Looking Glasse contain?

Chapter 1 holds 165 sentences of Humors Looking Glasse, unabridged, divided into 33 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 1 of Humors Looking Glasse by Samuel Rowlands exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 165 sentences, grouped into 33 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 1 of Humors Looking Glasse?

Work through the 33 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 33 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 1 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 1 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Humors Looking Glasse

Common questions about reading Humors Looking Glasse by Samuel Rowlands on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Humors Looking Glasse?

Yes. All 165 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #55621 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Humors Looking Glasse is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #55621, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Humors Looking Glasse take to read?

About 13 minutes of reading across 33 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Humors Looking Glasse section by section

How to work through Humors Looking Glasse section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 1 chapters of Humors Looking Glasse to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Humors Looking Glasse

Words and structures a reader meets early in Humors Looking Glasse, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Originally
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Humors Looking Glasse; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Printed
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Humors Looking Glasse; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Spelling
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Humors Looking Glasse; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Period
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Humors Looking Glasse; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.