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Hunger
Hunger

Chapter I · Chapter 1

Chapter 1 of Hunger is here in full — 434 sentences across 87 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Hunger
Context Illustration Reading 1/86 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
Translated from the Norwegian by GEORGE EGERTON _With an introduction by Edwin Bjorkman_ This PG edition is based upon the eighth printing, published in September 1921 by Alfred A. Knopf, Inc. This edition is a bowdlerised version of the original 1899 translation, also by George Egerton.
Since the death of Ibsen and Strindberg, Hamsun is undoubtedly the foremost creative writer of the Scandinavian countries.
Those approaching most nearly to his position are probably Selma Lagerlöf in Sweden and Henrik Pontoppidan in Denmark.
Both these, however, seem to have less than he of that width of outlook, validity of interpretation and authority of tone that made the greater masters what they were.
His reputation is not confined to his own country or the two Scandinavian sister nations.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Hunger

Chapter I · Chapter 1

Chapter 1 of Hunger is here in full — 434 sentences across 87 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/86 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Translated from the Norwegian by GEORGE EGERTON _With an introduction by Edwin Bjorkman_ This PG edition is based upon the eighth printing, published in September 1921 by Alfred A. Knopf, Inc. This edition is a bowdlerised version of the original 1899 translation, also by George Egerton.
Line 2
Since the death of Ibsen and Strindberg, Hamsun is undoubtedly the foremost creative writer of the Scandinavian countries.
Line 3
Those approaching most nearly to his position are probably Selma Lagerlöf in Sweden and Henrik Pontoppidan in Denmark.
Line 4
Both these, however, seem to have less than he of that width of outlook, validity of interpretation and authority of tone that made the greater masters what they were.
/boʊθ ðiːz ˌhaʊˈevər siːm tuː hæv les ðæn hiː ʌv ðæt wɪdθ ʌv ˈaʊtlʊk vəˈlɪdəti ʌv ˌɪntɜːrprɪˈteɪʃən ənd əˈθɔːrəti ʌv toʊn ðæt meɪd ðə ˈɡreɪtər ˈmæstərz wʌt ðeɪ wɜːr/
Line 5
His reputation is not confined to his own country or the two Scandinavian sister nations.
/hɪz ˌrepjəˈteɪʃən ɪz nɑːt kənˈfaɪnd tuː hɪz oʊn ˈkʌntri ɔːr ðə tuː ˌskændɪˈneɪviən ˈsɪstər ˈneɪʃənz/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

Denmark noun US /ˈdenmɑːrk/

a constitutional monarchy in northern Europe; consists of the mainland of Jutland and many islands between the North Sea and the Baltic Sea

From this reading “Those approaching most nearly to his position are probably Selma Lagerlöf in Sweden and Henrik Pontoppidan in Denmark.”

Ibsen noun US /ˈɪbsən/

realistic Norwegian author who wrote plays on social and political themes (1828-1906)

From this reading “Since the death of Ibsen and Strindberg, Hamsun is undoubtedly the foremost creative writer of the Scandinavian countries.”

Inc noun US /ɪŋk/

a heterogeneous collection of groups united in their opposition to Saddam Hussein's government of Iraq; formed in 1992 it is comprised of Sunni and Shiite Arabs and Kurds who hope to build a new government

From this reading “Translated from the Norwegian by GEORGE EGERTON _With an introduction by Edwin Bjorkman_ This PG edition is based upon the eighth printing, published in September 1921 by Alfred A. Knopf, Inc. This edition is a bowdlerised version of the original 1899 translation, also by George Egerton.”

Norwegian noun US /ˌnɔːrˈwiːdʒən/

a native or inhabitant of Norway

From this reading “Translated from the Norwegian by GEORGE EGERTON _With an introduction by Edwin Bjorkman_ This PG edition is based upon the eighth printing, published in September 1921 by Alfred A. Knopf, Inc. This edition is a bowdlerised version of the original 1899 translation, also by George Egerton.”

Scandinavian adjective US /ˌskændɪˈneɪviən/

of or relating to Scandinavia or its peoples or cultures

From this reading “Since the death of Ibsen and Strindberg, Hamsun is undoubtedly the foremost creative writer of the Scandinavian countries.”

Selma noun US /ˈselmə/

a town in central Alabama on the Alabama river; in 1965 it was the center of a drive to register Black voters

From this reading “Those approaching most nearly to his position are probably Selma Lagerlöf in Sweden and Henrik Pontoppidan in Denmark.”

Sweden noun US /ˈswiːdən/

a Scandinavian kingdom in the eastern part of the Scandinavian Peninsula

From this reading “Those approaching most nearly to his position are probably Selma Lagerlöf in Sweden and Henrik Pontoppidan in Denmark.”

validity noun US /vəˈlɪdəti/

the quality of being valid and rigorous

From this reading “Both these, however, seem to have less than he of that width of outlook, validity of interpretation and authority of tone that made the greater masters what they were.”

All words in this reading · 92

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

1899

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Translated from the Norwegian by GEORGE EGERTON _With an introduction by Edwin Bjorkman_ This PG edition is based upon the eighth printing, published in September 1921 by Alfred A. Knopf, Inc. This edition is a bowdlerised version of the original 1899 translation, also by George Egerton.

1921

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Translated from the Norwegian by GEORGE EGERTON _With an introduction by Edwin Bjorkman_ This PG edition is based upon the eighth printing, published in September 1921 by Alfred A. Knopf, Inc. This edition is a bowdlerised version of the original 1899 translation, also by George Egerton.

AdeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Translated from the Norwegian by GEORGE EGERTON _With an introduction by Edwin Bjorkman_ This PG edition is based upon the eighth printing, published in September 1921 by Alfred A. Knopf, Inc. This edition is a bowdlerised version of the original 1899 translation, also by George Egerton.

AlfrednounUS /ˈælfrəd/

king of Wessex; defeated the Vikings and encouraged writing in English (849-899)

From this reading Translated from the Norwegian by GEORGE EGERTON _With an introduction by Edwin Bjorkman_ This PG edition is based upon the eighth printing, published in September 1921 by Alfred A. Knopf, Inc. This edition is a bowdlerised version of the original 1899 translation, also by George Egerton.

alsoadverbUS /ˈɔːlsoʊ/

in addition

From this reading Translated from the Norwegian by GEORGE EGERTON _With an introduction by Edwin Bjorkman_ This PG edition is based upon the eighth printing, published in September 1921 by Alfred A. Knopf, Inc. This edition is a bowdlerised version of the original 1899 translation, also by George Egerton.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading Translated from the Norwegian by GEORGE EGERTON _With an introduction by Edwin Bjorkman_ This PG edition is based upon the eighth printing, published in September 1921 by Alfred A. Knopf, Inc. This edition is a bowdlerised version of the original 1899 translation, also by George Egerton.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Since the death of Ibsen and Strindberg, Hamsun is undoubtedly the foremost creative writer of the Scandinavian countries.

approachingnounUS /əˈproʊtʃɪŋ/

the event of one object coming closer to another

From this reading Those approaching most nearly to his position are probably Selma Lagerlöf in Sweden and Henrik Pontoppidan in Denmark.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Those approaching most nearly to his position are probably Selma Lagerlöf in Sweden and Henrik Pontoppidan in Denmark.

authoritynounUS /əˈθɔːrəti/

the power or right to give orders or make decisions

From this reading Both these, however, seem to have less than he of that width of outlook, validity of interpretation and authority of tone that made the greater masters what they were.

basedadjectiveUS /beɪst/

having a base

From this reading Translated from the Norwegian by GEORGE EGERTON _With an introduction by Edwin Bjorkman_ This PG edition is based upon the eighth printing, published in September 1921 by Alfred A. Knopf, Inc. This edition is a bowdlerised version of the original 1899 translation, also by George Egerton.

Bjorkman

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Translated from the Norwegian by GEORGE EGERTON _With an introduction by Edwin Bjorkman_ This PG edition is based upon the eighth printing, published in September 1921 by Alfred A. Knopf, Inc. This edition is a bowdlerised version of the original 1899 translation, also by George Egerton.

BothdeterminerUS /boʊθ/

the two together, not just one

From this reading Both these, however, seem to have less than he of that width of outlook, validity of interpretation and authority of tone that made the greater masters what they were.

bowdlerised

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Translated from the Norwegian by GEORGE EGERTON _With an introduction by Edwin Bjorkman_ This PG edition is based upon the eighth printing, published in September 1921 by Alfred A. Knopf, Inc. This edition is a bowdlerised version of the original 1899 translation, also by George Egerton.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading Translated from the Norwegian by GEORGE EGERTON _With an introduction by Edwin Bjorkman_ This PG edition is based upon the eighth printing, published in September 1921 by Alfred A. Knopf, Inc. This edition is a bowdlerised version of the original 1899 translation, also by George Egerton.

confinedadjectiveUS /kənˈfaɪnd/

not invading healthy tissue

From this reading His reputation is not confined to his own country or the two Scandinavian sister nations.

countriesnounUS /ˈkʌntriz/

plural of “country” — a politically organized body of people under a single government

From this reading Since the death of Ibsen and Strindberg, Hamsun is undoubtedly the foremost creative writer of the Scandinavian countries.

countrynounUS /ˈkʌntri/

a politically organized body of people under a single government

From this reading His reputation is not confined to his own country or the two Scandinavian sister nations.

creativeadjectiveUS /kriˈeɪtɪv/

having the ability or power to create

From this reading Since the death of Ibsen and Strindberg, Hamsun is undoubtedly the foremost creative writer of the Scandinavian countries.

deathnounUS /deθ/

the event of dying or departure from life

From this reading Since the death of Ibsen and Strindberg, Hamsun is undoubtedly the foremost creative writer of the Scandinavian countries.

DenmarknounUS /ˈdenmɑːrk/

a constitutional monarchy in northern Europe; consists of the mainland of Jutland and many islands between the North Sea and the Baltic Sea

From this reading Those approaching most nearly to his position are probably Selma Lagerlöf in Sweden and Henrik Pontoppidan in Denmark.

editionnounUS /əˈdɪʃən/

the form in which a text (especially a printed book) is published

From this reading Translated from the Norwegian by GEORGE EGERTON _With an introduction by Edwin Bjorkman_ This PG edition is based upon the eighth printing, published in September 1921 by Alfred A. Knopf, Inc. This edition is a bowdlerised version of the original 1899 translation, also by George Egerton.

EdwinnounUS /ˈedwən/

king of Northumbria who was converted to Christianity (585-633)

From this reading Translated from the Norwegian by GEORGE EGERTON _With an introduction by Edwin Bjorkman_ This PG edition is based upon the eighth printing, published in September 1921 by Alfred A. Knopf, Inc. This edition is a bowdlerised version of the original 1899 translation, also by George Egerton.

EGERTON

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Translated from the Norwegian by GEORGE EGERTON _With an introduction by Edwin Bjorkman_ This PG edition is based upon the eighth printing, published in September 1921 by Alfred A. Knopf, Inc. This edition is a bowdlerised version of the original 1899 translation, also by George Egerton.

eighthadjectiveUS /eɪtθ/

coming next after the seventh and just before the ninth in position

From this reading Translated from the Norwegian by GEORGE EGERTON _With an introduction by Edwin Bjorkman_ This PG edition is based upon the eighth printing, published in September 1921 by Alfred A. Knopf, Inc. This edition is a bowdlerised version of the original 1899 translation, also by George Egerton.

foremostadjectiveUS /ˈfɔːrmoʊst/

ranking above all others

From this reading Since the death of Ibsen and Strindberg, Hamsun is undoubtedly the foremost creative writer of the Scandinavian countries.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading Translated from the Norwegian by GEORGE EGERTON _With an introduction by Edwin Bjorkman_ This PG edition is based upon the eighth printing, published in September 1921 by Alfred A. Knopf, Inc. This edition is a bowdlerised version of the original 1899 translation, also by George Egerton.

GEORGEnounUS /dʒɔːrdʒ/

Christian martyr; patron saint of England; hero of the legend of Saint George and the Dragon in which he slew a dragon and saved a princess (?-303)

From this reading Translated from the Norwegian by GEORGE EGERTON _With an introduction by Edwin Bjorkman_ This PG edition is based upon the eighth printing, published in September 1921 by Alfred A. Knopf, Inc. This edition is a bowdlerised version of the original 1899 translation, also by George Egerton.

greateradjectiveUS /ˈɡreɪtər/

greater in size or importance or degree

From this reading Both these, however, seem to have less than he of that width of outlook, validity of interpretation and authority of tone that made the greater masters what they were.

Hamsunnoun

Norwegian writer of novels (1859-1952)

From this reading Since the death of Ibsen and Strindberg, Hamsun is undoubtedly the foremost creative writer of the Scandinavian countries.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading Both these, however, seem to have less than he of that width of outlook, validity of interpretation and authority of tone that made the greater masters what they were.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Both these, however, seem to have less than he of that width of outlook, validity of interpretation and authority of tone that made the greater masters what they were.

Henrik

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Those approaching most nearly to his position are probably Selma Lagerlöf in Sweden and Henrik Pontoppidan in Denmark.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading Those approaching most nearly to his position are probably Selma Lagerlöf in Sweden and Henrik Pontoppidan in Denmark.

howeveradverbUS /ˌhaʊˈevər/

used to add a contrasting statement

From this reading Both these, however, seem to have less than he of that width of outlook, validity of interpretation and authority of tone that made the greater masters what they were.

IbsennounUS /ˈɪbsən/

realistic Norwegian author who wrote plays on social and political themes (1828-1906)

From this reading Since the death of Ibsen and Strindberg, Hamsun is undoubtedly the foremost creative writer of the Scandinavian countries.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Translated from the Norwegian by GEORGE EGERTON _With an introduction by Edwin Bjorkman_ This PG edition is based upon the eighth printing, published in September 1921 by Alfred A. Knopf, Inc. This edition is a bowdlerised version of the original 1899 translation, also by George Egerton.

IncnounUS /ɪŋk/

a heterogeneous collection of groups united in their opposition to Saddam Hussein's government of Iraq; formed in 1992 it is comprised of Sunni and Shiite Arabs and Kurds who hope to build a new government

From this reading Translated from the Norwegian by GEORGE EGERTON _With an introduction by Edwin Bjorkman_ This PG edition is based upon the eighth printing, published in September 1921 by Alfred A. Knopf, Inc. This edition is a bowdlerised version of the original 1899 translation, also by George Egerton.

interpretationnounUS /ˌɪntɜːrprɪˈteɪʃən/

a mental representation of the meaning or significance of something

From this reading Both these, however, seem to have less than he of that width of outlook, validity of interpretation and authority of tone that made the greater masters what they were.

introductionnounUS /ˌɪntrəˈdʌkʃən/

the act of beginning something new

From this reading Translated from the Norwegian by GEORGE EGERTON _With an introduction by Edwin Bjorkman_ This PG edition is based upon the eighth printing, published in September 1921 by Alfred A. Knopf, Inc. This edition is a bowdlerised version of the original 1899 translation, also by George Egerton.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Translated from the Norwegian by GEORGE EGERTON _With an introduction by Edwin Bjorkman_ This PG edition is based upon the eighth printing, published in September 1921 by Alfred A. Knopf, Inc. This edition is a bowdlerised version of the original 1899 translation, also by George Egerton.

Knopf

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Translated from the Norwegian by GEORGE EGERTON _With an introduction by Edwin Bjorkman_ This PG edition is based upon the eighth printing, published in September 1921 by Alfred A. Knopf, Inc. This edition is a bowdlerised version of the original 1899 translation, also by George Egerton.

Lagerlöf

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Those approaching most nearly to his position are probably Selma Lagerlöf in Sweden and Henrik Pontoppidan in Denmark.

lessadverbUS /les/

used to form the comparative of some adjectives and adverbs

From this reading Both these, however, seem to have less than he of that width of outlook, validity of interpretation and authority of tone that made the greater masters what they were.

madeadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading Both these, however, seem to have less than he of that width of outlook, validity of interpretation and authority of tone that made the greater masters what they were.

mastersnounUS /ˈmæstərz/

United States poet (1869-1950)

From this reading Both these, however, seem to have less than he of that width of outlook, validity of interpretation and authority of tone that made the greater masters what they were.

mostadverbUS /moʊst/

used to form the superlative

From this reading Those approaching most nearly to his position are probably Selma Lagerlöf in Sweden and Henrik Pontoppidan in Denmark.

nationsnounUS /ˈneɪʃənz/

plural of “nation” — a politically organized body of people under a single government

From this reading His reputation is not confined to his own country or the two Scandinavian sister nations.

nearlyadverbUS /ˈnɪrli/

(of actions or states) slightly short of or not quite accomplished; all but

From this reading Those approaching most nearly to his position are probably Selma Lagerlöf in Sweden and Henrik Pontoppidan in Denmark.

NorwegiannounUS /ˌnɔːrˈwiːdʒən/

a native or inhabitant of Norway

From this reading Translated from the Norwegian by GEORGE EGERTON _With an introduction by Edwin Bjorkman_ This PG edition is based upon the eighth printing, published in September 1921 by Alfred A. Knopf, Inc. This edition is a bowdlerised version of the original 1899 translation, also by George Egerton.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading His reputation is not confined to his own country or the two Scandinavian sister nations.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Translated from the Norwegian by GEORGE EGERTON _With an introduction by Edwin Bjorkman_ This PG edition is based upon the eighth printing, published in September 1921 by Alfred A. Knopf, Inc. This edition is a bowdlerised version of the original 1899 translation, also by George Egerton.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading His reputation is not confined to his own country or the two Scandinavian sister nations.

originaladjectiveUS /ərˈɪdʒənəl/

preceding all others in time or being as first made or performed

From this reading Translated from the Norwegian by GEORGE EGERTON _With an introduction by Edwin Bjorkman_ This PG edition is based upon the eighth printing, published in September 1921 by Alfred A. Knopf, Inc. This edition is a bowdlerised version of the original 1899 translation, also by George Egerton.

outlooknounUS /ˈaʊtlʊk/

a habitual or characteristic mental attitude that determines how you will interpret and respond to situations

From this reading Both these, however, seem to have less than he of that width of outlook, validity of interpretation and authority of tone that made the greater masters what they were.

ownverbUS /oʊn/

have ownership or possession of

From this reading His reputation is not confined to his own country or the two Scandinavian sister nations.

PG

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Translated from the Norwegian by GEORGE EGERTON _With an introduction by Edwin Bjorkman_ This PG edition is based upon the eighth printing, published in September 1921 by Alfred A. Knopf, Inc. This edition is a bowdlerised version of the original 1899 translation, also by George Egerton.

Pontoppidan

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Those approaching most nearly to his position are probably Selma Lagerlöf in Sweden and Henrik Pontoppidan in Denmark.

positionnounUS /pəˈzɪʃən/

the particular portion of space occupied by something

From this reading Those approaching most nearly to his position are probably Selma Lagerlöf in Sweden and Henrik Pontoppidan in Denmark.

printingnounUS /ˈprɪntɪŋ/

text handwritten in the style of printed matter

From this reading Translated from the Norwegian by GEORGE EGERTON _With an introduction by Edwin Bjorkman_ This PG edition is based upon the eighth printing, published in September 1921 by Alfred A. Knopf, Inc. This edition is a bowdlerised version of the original 1899 translation, also by George Egerton.

probablyadverbUS /ˈprɑːbəbliː/

with considerable certainty; without much doubt

From this reading Those approaching most nearly to his position are probably Selma Lagerlöf in Sweden and Henrik Pontoppidan in Denmark.

publishedadjectiveUS /ˈpʌblɪʃt/

prepared and printed for distribution and sale

From this reading Translated from the Norwegian by GEORGE EGERTON _With an introduction by Edwin Bjorkman_ This PG edition is based upon the eighth printing, published in September 1921 by Alfred A. Knopf, Inc. This edition is a bowdlerised version of the original 1899 translation, also by George Egerton.

reputationnounUS /ˌrepjəˈteɪʃən/

the state of being held in high esteem and honor

From this reading His reputation is not confined to his own country or the two Scandinavian sister nations.

ScandinavianadjectiveUS /ˌskændɪˈneɪviən/

of or relating to Scandinavia or its peoples or cultures

From this reading Since the death of Ibsen and Strindberg, Hamsun is undoubtedly the foremost creative writer of the Scandinavian countries.

seemverbUS /siːm/

give a certain impression or have a certain outward aspect

From this reading Both these, however, seem to have less than he of that width of outlook, validity of interpretation and authority of tone that made the greater masters what they were.

SelmanounUS /ˈselmə/

a town in central Alabama on the Alabama river; in 1965 it was the center of a drive to register Black voters

From this reading Those approaching most nearly to his position are probably Selma Lagerlöf in Sweden and Henrik Pontoppidan in Denmark.

SeptembernounUS /sepˈtembər/

the month following August and preceding October

From this reading Translated from the Norwegian by GEORGE EGERTON _With an introduction by Edwin Bjorkman_ This PG edition is based upon the eighth printing, published in September 1921 by Alfred A. Knopf, Inc. This edition is a bowdlerised version of the original 1899 translation, also by George Egerton.

SinceprepositionUS /sɪns/

from a time in the past until now

From this reading Since the death of Ibsen and Strindberg, Hamsun is undoubtedly the foremost creative writer of the Scandinavian countries.

sisternounUS /ˈsɪstər/

a female person who has the same parents as another person

From this reading His reputation is not confined to his own country or the two Scandinavian sister nations.

Strindbergnoun

Swedish dramatist and novelist (1849-1912)

From this reading Since the death of Ibsen and Strindberg, Hamsun is undoubtedly the foremost creative writer of the Scandinavian countries.

SwedennounUS /ˈswiːdən/

a Scandinavian kingdom in the eastern part of the Scandinavian Peninsula

From this reading Those approaching most nearly to his position are probably Selma Lagerlöf in Sweden and Henrik Pontoppidan in Denmark.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading Both these, however, seem to have less than he of that width of outlook, validity of interpretation and authority of tone that made the greater masters what they were.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading Both these, however, seem to have less than he of that width of outlook, validity of interpretation and authority of tone that made the greater masters what they were.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Translated from the Norwegian by GEORGE EGERTON _With an introduction by Edwin Bjorkman_ This PG edition is based upon the eighth printing, published in September 1921 by Alfred A. Knopf, Inc. This edition is a bowdlerised version of the original 1899 translation, also by George Egerton.

thesedeterminerUS /ðiːz/

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading Both these, however, seem to have less than he of that width of outlook, validity of interpretation and authority of tone that made the greater masters what they were.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Both these, however, seem to have less than he of that width of outlook, validity of interpretation and authority of tone that made the greater masters what they were.

ThisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading Translated from the Norwegian by GEORGE EGERTON _With an introduction by Edwin Bjorkman_ This PG edition is based upon the eighth printing, published in September 1921 by Alfred A. Knopf, Inc. This edition is a bowdlerised version of the original 1899 translation, also by George Egerton.

ThosedeterminerUS /ðoʊz/

the plural of “that”: the people or things further away, or already known

From this reading Those approaching most nearly to his position are probably Selma Lagerlöf in Sweden and Henrik Pontoppidan in Denmark.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Those approaching most nearly to his position are probably Selma Lagerlöf in Sweden and Henrik Pontoppidan in Denmark.

tonenounUS /toʊn/

the quality of a person's voice

From this reading Both these, however, seem to have less than he of that width of outlook, validity of interpretation and authority of tone that made the greater masters what they were.

TranslatedverbUS /trænzˈleɪtɪd/

past form of “translate” — restate (words) from one language into another language

From this reading Translated from the Norwegian by GEORGE EGERTON _With an introduction by Edwin Bjorkman_ This PG edition is based upon the eighth printing, published in September 1921 by Alfred A. Knopf, Inc. This edition is a bowdlerised version of the original 1899 translation, also by George Egerton.

translationnounUS /trænzˈleɪʃən/

a written communication in a second language having the same meaning as the written communication in a first language

From this reading Translated from the Norwegian by GEORGE EGERTON _With an introduction by Edwin Bjorkman_ This PG edition is based upon the eighth printing, published in September 1921 by Alfred A. Knopf, Inc. This edition is a bowdlerised version of the original 1899 translation, also by George Egerton.

twonounUS /tuː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one or a numeral representing this number

From this reading His reputation is not confined to his own country or the two Scandinavian sister nations.

undoubtedlyadverbUS /ənˈdaʊtɪdli/

without doubt; certainly

From this reading Since the death of Ibsen and Strindberg, Hamsun is undoubtedly the foremost creative writer of the Scandinavian countries.

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading Translated from the Norwegian by GEORGE EGERTON _With an introduction by Edwin Bjorkman_ This PG edition is based upon the eighth printing, published in September 1921 by Alfred A. Knopf, Inc. This edition is a bowdlerised version of the original 1899 translation, also by George Egerton.

validitynounUS /vəˈlɪdəti/

the quality of being valid and rigorous

From this reading Both these, however, seem to have less than he of that width of outlook, validity of interpretation and authority of tone that made the greater masters what they were.

versionnounUS /ˈvɜːrʒən/

an interpretation of a matter from a particular viewpoint

From this reading Translated from the Norwegian by GEORGE EGERTON _With an introduction by Edwin Bjorkman_ This PG edition is based upon the eighth printing, published in September 1921 by Alfred A. Knopf, Inc. This edition is a bowdlerised version of the original 1899 translation, also by George Egerton.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Both these, however, seem to have less than he of that width of outlook, validity of interpretation and authority of tone that made the greater masters what they were.

whatpronounUS /wʌt/

used to ask for information about something

From this reading Both these, however, seem to have less than he of that width of outlook, validity of interpretation and authority of tone that made the greater masters what they were.

widthnounUS /wɪdθ/

the extent of something from side to side

From this reading Both these, however, seem to have less than he of that width of outlook, validity of interpretation and authority of tone that made the greater masters what they were.

WithprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Translated from the Norwegian by GEORGE EGERTON _With an introduction by Edwin Bjorkman_ This PG edition is based upon the eighth printing, published in September 1921 by Alfred A. Knopf, Inc. This edition is a bowdlerised version of the original 1899 translation, also by George Egerton.

writernounUS /ˈraɪtər/

writes (books or stories or articles or the like) professionally (for pay)

From this reading Since the death of Ibsen and Strindberg, Hamsun is undoubtedly the foremost creative writer of the Scandinavian countries.

Chapter 1 of Hunger by Knut Hamsun holds 434 sentences, grouped into 87 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 1 of Hunger contain?

Chapter 1 holds 434 sentences of Hunger, unabridged, divided into 87 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 1 of Hunger by Knut Hamsun exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 434 sentences, grouped into 87 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 1 of Hunger?

Work through the 87 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 87 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 1 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 1 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Hunger

Common questions about reading Hunger by Knut Hamsun on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Hunger?

Yes. All 4142 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #8387 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Hunger is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #8387, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Hunger take to read?

About 345 minutes of reading across 829 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Hunger section by section

How to work through Hunger section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 10 chapters of Hunger to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Hunger

Words and structures a reader meets early in Hunger, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Translated
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Hunger; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Norwegian
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Hunger; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
George
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Hunger; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Egerton
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Hunger; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.