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Illustrations of political economy, Volume 1 (of 9)
Illustrations of political economy, Volume 1 (of 9)

Chapter XXX

Chapter 30 of Illustrations of political economy, Volume 1 (of 9) is here in full — 62 sentences across 13 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Illustrations of political economy, Volume 1 (of 9)
Context Illustration Reading 1/12 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
WHAT MUST COME AT LAST.
My father is a justice of the peace.
Every body connected with one who holds such an office knows what interest arises out of its transactions to those who care about the joys and sorrows, the rights and liberties of their neighbours.
It was not my father’s custom to allow his family to form a little court before which a culprit might tremble, or a nervous witness be abashed.
He received the parties who came to him on business in a hall, where it was not possible for the young people to peep from a door, or for the servants to listen from the stairs.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Illustrations of political economy, Volume 1 (of 9)

Chapter XXX

Chapter 30 of Illustrations of political economy, Volume 1 (of 9) is here in full — 62 sentences across 13 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/12 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
WHAT MUST COME AT LAST.
/wʌt mʌst kʌm æt læst/
Line 2
My father is a justice of the peace.
/maɪ ˈfɑːðər ɪz ə ˈdʒʌstəs ʌv ðə piːs/
Line 3
Every body connected with one who holds such an office knows what interest arises out of its transactions to those who care about the joys and sorrows, the rights and liberties of their neighbours.
/ˈevəri ˈbɑːdi kəˈnektɪd wɪð wʌn huː hoʊldz sʌtʃ æn ˈɔːfɪs noʊz wʌt ˈɪntrəst ərˈaɪzəz aʊt ʌv ɪts trænˈzækʃənz tuː ðoʊz huː ker əˈbaʊt ðə dʒɔɪz ənd ˈsɑːroʊz ðə raɪts ənd ˈlɪbərtiːz ʌv ðer ˈneɪbərz/
Line 4
It was not my father’s custom to allow his family to form a little court before which a culprit might tremble, or a nervous witness be abashed.
/ɪt wɑːz nɑːt maɪ ˈfɑːðərz ˈkʌstəm tuː əˈlaʊ hɪz ˈfæməli tuː fɔːrm ə ˈlɪtəl kɔːrt bɪˈfɔːr wɪtʃ ə ˈkʌlprɪt maɪt ˈtrembəl ɔːr ə ˈnɜːrvəs ˈwɪtnəs biː əˈbæʃt/
Line 5
He received the parties who came to him on business in a hall, where it was not possible for the young people to peep from a door, or for the servants to listen from the stairs.
/hiː rəˈsiːvd ðə ˈpɑːrtiz huː keɪm tuː hɪm ɑːn ˈbɪznəs ɪn ə hɔːl wer ɪt wɑːz nɑːt ˈpɑːsəbəl fɔːr ðə jʌŋ ˈpiːpəl tuː piːp frʌm ə dɔːr ɔːr fɔːr ðə ˈsɜːrvənts tuː ˈlɪsən frʌm ðə sterz/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

abashed adjective US /əˈbæʃt/

feeling or caused to feel ill at ease or self-conscious or ashamed

From this reading “It was not my father’s custom to allow his family to form a little court before which a culprit might tremble, or a nervous witness be abashed.”

arises verb US /ərˈaɪzəz/

third-person singular of “arise” — come into existence; take on form or shape

From this reading “Every body connected with one who holds such an office knows what interest arises out of its transactions to those who care about the joys and sorrows, the rights and liberties of their neighbours.”

culprit noun US /ˈkʌlprɪt/

someone who perpetrates wrongdoing

From this reading “It was not my father’s custom to allow his family to form a little court before which a culprit might tremble, or a nervous witness be abashed.”

joys noun US /dʒɔɪz/

plural of “joy” — the emotion of great happiness

From this reading “Every body connected with one who holds such an office knows what interest arises out of its transactions to those who care about the joys and sorrows, the rights and liberties of their neighbours.”

liberties noun US /ˈlɪbərtiːz/

plural of “liberty” — immunity from arbitrary exercise of authority: political independence

From this reading “Every body connected with one who holds such an office knows what interest arises out of its transactions to those who care about the joys and sorrows, the rights and liberties of their neighbours.”

peep verb US /piːp/

look furtively

From this reading “He received the parties who came to him on business in a hall, where it was not possible for the young people to peep from a door, or for the servants to listen from the stairs.”

sorrows noun US /ˈsɑːroʊz/

plural of “sorrow” — an emotion of great sadness associated with loss or bereavement

From this reading “Every body connected with one who holds such an office knows what interest arises out of its transactions to those who care about the joys and sorrows, the rights and liberties of their neighbours.”

transactions noun US /trænˈzækʃənz/

a written account of what transpired at a meeting

From this reading “Every body connected with one who holds such an office knows what interest arises out of its transactions to those who care about the joys and sorrows, the rights and liberties of their neighbours.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

young people adjective + noun

In this reading “He received the parties who came to him on business in a hall, where it was not possible for the young people to peep from a door, or for the servants to listen from the stairs.”

in a hall preposition + article + noun counted as “in … hall”

In this reading “He received the parties who came to him on business in a hall, where it was not possible for the young people to peep from a door, or for the servants to listen from the stairs.”

All words in this reading · 81

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading My father is a justice of the peace.

abashedadjectiveUS /əˈbæʃt/

feeling or caused to feel ill at ease or self-conscious or ashamed

From this reading It was not my father’s custom to allow his family to form a little court before which a culprit might tremble, or a nervous witness be abashed.

aboutprepositionUS /əˈbaʊt/

on the subject of; concerning

From this reading Every body connected with one who holds such an office knows what interest arises out of its transactions to those who care about the joys and sorrows, the rights and liberties of their neighbours.

allowverbUS /əˈlaʊ/

make it possible through a specific action or lack of action for something to happen

From this reading It was not my father’s custom to allow his family to form a little court before which a culprit might tremble, or a nervous witness be abashed.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading Every body connected with one who holds such an office knows what interest arises out of its transactions to those who care about the joys and sorrows, the rights and liberties of their neighbours.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Every body connected with one who holds such an office knows what interest arises out of its transactions to those who care about the joys and sorrows, the rights and liberties of their neighbours.

arisesverbUS /ərˈaɪzəz/

third-person singular of “arise” — come into existence; take on form or shape

From this reading Every body connected with one who holds such an office knows what interest arises out of its transactions to those who care about the joys and sorrows, the rights and liberties of their neighbours.

ATprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading WHAT MUST COME AT LAST.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading It was not my father’s custom to allow his family to form a little court before which a culprit might tremble, or a nervous witness be abashed.

beforeprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading It was not my father’s custom to allow his family to form a little court before which a culprit might tremble, or a nervous witness be abashed.

bodynounUS /ˈbɑːdi/

the entire physical structure of an organism (an animal, plant, or human being)

From this reading Every body connected with one who holds such an office knows what interest arises out of its transactions to those who care about the joys and sorrows, the rights and liberties of their neighbours.

businessnounUS /ˈbɪznəs/

a commercial or industrial enterprise and the people who constitute it

From this reading He received the parties who came to him on business in a hall, where it was not possible for the young people to peep from a door, or for the servants to listen from the stairs.

cameverbUS /keɪm/

inflected form of “come” — move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody

From this reading He received the parties who came to him on business in a hall, where it was not possible for the young people to peep from a door, or for the servants to listen from the stairs.

carenounUS /ker/

the work of providing treatment for or attending to someone or something

From this reading Every body connected with one who holds such an office knows what interest arises out of its transactions to those who care about the joys and sorrows, the rights and liberties of their neighbours.

COMEverbUS /kʌm/

move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody

From this reading WHAT MUST COME AT LAST.

connectedadjectiveUS /kəˈnektɪd/

being joined in close association

From this reading Every body connected with one who holds such an office knows what interest arises out of its transactions to those who care about the joys and sorrows, the rights and liberties of their neighbours.

courtnounUS /kɔːrt/

an assembly (including one or more judges) to conduct judicial business

From this reading It was not my father’s custom to allow his family to form a little court before which a culprit might tremble, or a nervous witness be abashed.

culpritnounUS /ˈkʌlprɪt/

someone who perpetrates wrongdoing

From this reading It was not my father’s custom to allow his family to form a little court before which a culprit might tremble, or a nervous witness be abashed.

customnounUS /ˈkʌstəm/

accepted or habitual practice

From this reading It was not my father’s custom to allow his family to form a little court before which a culprit might tremble, or a nervous witness be abashed.

doornounUS /dɔːr/

a swinging or sliding barrier that will close the entrance to a room or building or vehicle

From this reading He received the parties who came to him on business in a hall, where it was not possible for the young people to peep from a door, or for the servants to listen from the stairs.

EverydeterminerUS /ˈevəri/

all the members of a group, with none left out

From this reading Every body connected with one who holds such an office knows what interest arises out of its transactions to those who care about the joys and sorrows, the rights and liberties of their neighbours.

familynounUS /ˈfæməli/

a social unit living together

From this reading It was not my father’s custom to allow his family to form a little court before which a culprit might tremble, or a nervous witness be abashed.

fathernounUS /ˈfɑːðər/

a male parent (also used as a term of address to your father)

From this reading My father is a justice of the peace.

father'snounUS /ˈfɑːðərz/

possessive form of “father” — a male parent (also used as a term of address to your father)

From this reading It was not my father’s custom to allow his family to form a little court before which a culprit might tremble, or a nervous witness be abashed.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading He received the parties who came to him on business in a hall, where it was not possible for the young people to peep from a door, or for the servants to listen from the stairs.

formnounUS /fɔːrm/

the phonological or orthographic sound or appearance of a word that can be used to describe or identify something

From this reading It was not my father’s custom to allow his family to form a little court before which a culprit might tremble, or a nervous witness be abashed.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading He received the parties who came to him on business in a hall, where it was not possible for the young people to peep from a door, or for the servants to listen from the stairs.

hallnounUS /hɔːl/

an interior passage or corridor onto which rooms open

From this reading He received the parties who came to him on business in a hall, where it was not possible for the young people to peep from a door, or for the servants to listen from the stairs.

HepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading He received the parties who came to him on business in a hall, where it was not possible for the young people to peep from a door, or for the servants to listen from the stairs.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading He received the parties who came to him on business in a hall, where it was not possible for the young people to peep from a door, or for the servants to listen from the stairs.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading It was not my father’s custom to allow his family to form a little court before which a culprit might tremble, or a nervous witness be abashed.

holdsnounUS /hoʊldz/

plural of “hold” — the act of grasping

From this reading Every body connected with one who holds such an office knows what interest arises out of its transactions to those who care about the joys and sorrows, the rights and liberties of their neighbours.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading He received the parties who came to him on business in a hall, where it was not possible for the young people to peep from a door, or for the servants to listen from the stairs.

interestnounUS /ˈɪntrəst/

a sense of concern with and curiosity about someone or something

From this reading Every body connected with one who holds such an office knows what interest arises out of its transactions to those who care about the joys and sorrows, the rights and liberties of their neighbours.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading My father is a justice of the peace.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading It was not my father’s custom to allow his family to form a little court before which a culprit might tremble, or a nervous witness be abashed.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading Every body connected with one who holds such an office knows what interest arises out of its transactions to those who care about the joys and sorrows, the rights and liberties of their neighbours.

joysnounUS /dʒɔɪz/

plural of “joy” — the emotion of great happiness

From this reading Every body connected with one who holds such an office knows what interest arises out of its transactions to those who care about the joys and sorrows, the rights and liberties of their neighbours.

justicenounUS /ˈdʒʌstəs/

the quality of being just or fair

From this reading My father is a justice of the peace.

knowsnounUS /noʊz/

plural of “know” — the fact of being aware of information that is known to few people

From this reading Every body connected with one who holds such an office knows what interest arises out of its transactions to those who care about the joys and sorrows, the rights and liberties of their neighbours.

LASTadjectiveUS /læst/

immediately past

From this reading WHAT MUST COME AT LAST.

libertiesnounUS /ˈlɪbərtiːz/

plural of “liberty” — immunity from arbitrary exercise of authority: political independence

From this reading Every body connected with one who holds such an office knows what interest arises out of its transactions to those who care about the joys and sorrows, the rights and liberties of their neighbours.

listenverbUS /ˈlɪsən/

hear with intention

From this reading He received the parties who came to him on business in a hall, where it was not possible for the young people to peep from a door, or for the servants to listen from the stairs.

littleadjectiveUS /ˈlɪtəl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading It was not my father’s custom to allow his family to form a little court before which a culprit might tremble, or a nervous witness be abashed.

mightmodal verbUS /maɪt/

used to say something is possible but not certain

From this reading It was not my father’s custom to allow his family to form a little court before which a culprit might tremble, or a nervous witness be abashed.

MUSTmodal verbUS /mʌst/

used to say something is necessary, or almost certainly true

From this reading WHAT MUST COME AT LAST.

MydeterminerUS /maɪ/

belonging to the person speaking

From this reading My father is a justice of the peace.

neighboursnounUS /ˈneɪbərz/

plural of “neighbour” — a person who lives (or is located) near another

From this reading Every body connected with one who holds such an office knows what interest arises out of its transactions to those who care about the joys and sorrows, the rights and liberties of their neighbours.

nervousadjectiveUS /ˈnɜːrvəs/

easily agitated

From this reading It was not my father’s custom to allow his family to form a little court before which a culprit might tremble, or a nervous witness be abashed.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading It was not my father’s custom to allow his family to form a little court before which a culprit might tremble, or a nervous witness be abashed.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading My father is a justice of the peace.

officenounUS /ˈɔːfɪs/

place of business where professional or clerical duties are performed

From this reading Every body connected with one who holds such an office knows what interest arises out of its transactions to those who care about the joys and sorrows, the rights and liberties of their neighbours.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading He received the parties who came to him on business in a hall, where it was not possible for the young people to peep from a door, or for the servants to listen from the stairs.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading Every body connected with one who holds such an office knows what interest arises out of its transactions to those who care about the joys and sorrows, the rights and liberties of their neighbours.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading It was not my father’s custom to allow his family to form a little court before which a culprit might tremble, or a nervous witness be abashed.

outadjectiveUS /aʊt/

not allowed to continue to bat or run

From this reading Every body connected with one who holds such an office knows what interest arises out of its transactions to those who care about the joys and sorrows, the rights and liberties of their neighbours.

partiesnounUS /ˈpɑːrtiz/

plural of “party” — an organization to gain political power

From this reading He received the parties who came to him on business in a hall, where it was not possible for the young people to peep from a door, or for the servants to listen from the stairs.

peacenounUS /piːs/

the state prevailing during the absence of war

From this reading My father is a justice of the peace.

peepverbUS /piːp/

look furtively

From this reading He received the parties who came to him on business in a hall, where it was not possible for the young people to peep from a door, or for the servants to listen from the stairs.

peoplenounUS /ˈpiːpəl/

(plural) any group of human beings (men or women or children) collectively

From this reading He received the parties who came to him on business in a hall, where it was not possible for the young people to peep from a door, or for the servants to listen from the stairs.

possibleadjectiveUS /ˈpɑːsəbəl/

capable of happening or existing

From this reading He received the parties who came to him on business in a hall, where it was not possible for the young people to peep from a door, or for the servants to listen from the stairs.

receivedadjectiveUS /rəˈsiːvd/

conforming to the established language usage of educated native speakers

From this reading He received the parties who came to him on business in a hall, where it was not possible for the young people to peep from a door, or for the servants to listen from the stairs.

rightsnounUS /raɪts/

plural of “right” — an abstract idea of that which is due to a person or governmental body by law or tradition or nature

From this reading Every body connected with one who holds such an office knows what interest arises out of its transactions to those who care about the joys and sorrows, the rights and liberties of their neighbours.

servantsnounUS /ˈsɜːrvənts/

plural of “servant” — a person working in the service of another (especially in the household)

From this reading He received the parties who came to him on business in a hall, where it was not possible for the young people to peep from a door, or for the servants to listen from the stairs.

sorrowsnounUS /ˈsɑːroʊz/

plural of “sorrow” — an emotion of great sadness associated with loss or bereavement

From this reading Every body connected with one who holds such an office knows what interest arises out of its transactions to those who care about the joys and sorrows, the rights and liberties of their neighbours.

stairsnounUS /sterz/

a flight of stairs or a flight of steps

From this reading He received the parties who came to him on business in a hall, where it was not possible for the young people to peep from a door, or for the servants to listen from the stairs.

suchdeterminerUS /sʌtʃ/

of the kind already mentioned

From this reading Every body connected with one who holds such an office knows what interest arises out of its transactions to those who care about the joys and sorrows, the rights and liberties of their neighbours.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading My father is a justice of the peace.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading Every body connected with one who holds such an office knows what interest arises out of its transactions to those who care about the joys and sorrows, the rights and liberties of their neighbours.

thosedeterminerUS /ðoʊz/

the plural of “that”: the people or things further away, or already known

From this reading Every body connected with one who holds such an office knows what interest arises out of its transactions to those who care about the joys and sorrows, the rights and liberties of their neighbours.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Every body connected with one who holds such an office knows what interest arises out of its transactions to those who care about the joys and sorrows, the rights and liberties of their neighbours.

transactionsnounUS /trænˈzækʃənz/

a written account of what transpired at a meeting

From this reading Every body connected with one who holds such an office knows what interest arises out of its transactions to those who care about the joys and sorrows, the rights and liberties of their neighbours.

trembleverbUS /ˈtrembəl/

move or jerk quickly and involuntarily up and down or sideways

From this reading It was not my father’s custom to allow his family to form a little court before which a culprit might tremble, or a nervous witness be abashed.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading It was not my father’s custom to allow his family to form a little court before which a culprit might tremble, or a nervous witness be abashed.

WHATpronounUS /wʌt/

used to ask for information about something

From this reading WHAT MUST COME AT LAST.

whereconjunctionUS /wer/

in or at the place that

From this reading He received the parties who came to him on business in a hall, where it was not possible for the young people to peep from a door, or for the servants to listen from the stairs.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading It was not my father’s custom to allow his family to form a little court before which a culprit might tremble, or a nervous witness be abashed.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading Every body connected with one who holds such an office knows what interest arises out of its transactions to those who care about the joys and sorrows, the rights and liberties of their neighbours.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Every body connected with one who holds such an office knows what interest arises out of its transactions to those who care about the joys and sorrows, the rights and liberties of their neighbours.

witnessnounUS /ˈwɪtnəs/

someone who sees an event and reports what happened

From this reading It was not my father’s custom to allow his family to form a little court before which a culprit might tremble, or a nervous witness be abashed.

youngadjectiveUS /jʌŋ/

(used of living things especially persons) in an early period of life or development or growth

From this reading He received the parties who came to him on business in a hall, where it was not possible for the young people to peep from a door, or for the servants to listen from the stairs.

Chapter 30 of Illustrations of political economy, Volume 1 (of 9) by Harriet Martineau holds 62 sentences, grouped into 13 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 30 of Illustrations of political economy, Volume 1 (of 9) contain?

Chapter 30 holds 62 sentences of Illustrations of political economy, Volume 1 (of 9), unabridged, divided into 13 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 30 of Illustrations of political economy, Volume 1 (of 9) by Harriet Martineau exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 62 sentences, grouped into 13 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 30 of Illustrations of political economy, Volume 1 (of 9)?

Work through the 13 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 13 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 30 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 30 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Illustrations of political economy, Volume 1 (of 9)

Common questions about reading Illustrations of political economy, Volume 1 (of 9) by Harriet Martineau on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Illustrations of political economy, Volume 1 (of 9)?

Yes. All 4509 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #70716 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Illustrations of political economy, Volume 1 (of 9) is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #70716, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Illustrations of political economy, Volume 1 (of 9) take to read?

About 375 minutes of reading across 902 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Illustrations of political economy, Volume 1 (of 9) section by section

How to work through Illustrations of political economy, Volume 1 (of 9) section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 31 chapters of Illustrations of political economy, Volume 1 (of 9) to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Illustrations of political economy, Volume 1 (of 9)

Words and structures a reader meets early in Illustrations of political economy, Volume 1 (of 9), each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Version
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Illustrations of political economy, Volume 1 (of 9); the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Cannot
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Illustrations of political economy, Volume 1 (of 9); the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Represent
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Illustrations of political economy, Volume 1 (of 9); the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Certain
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Illustrations of political economy, Volume 1 (of 9); the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.