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Illustrations of political economy, Volume 3 (of 9)
Illustrations of political economy, Volume 3 (of 9)

Chapter XXX

Chapter 30 of Illustrations of political economy, Volume 3 (of 9) is here in full — 84 sentences across 17 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/16 · 5 lines
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IRISH FATALITY.
Dora was long in gaol before she could form an idea what was to become of her.
The place was crowded, in consequence of the late disorders in her native district; and her child pined for want of the bracing air to which it had been accustomed from its birth.
Night after night when she was kept awake by its wailing, day after day when she marked how its little limbs wasted, did the mother sigh to be one of those whose lot she had till now thought very wretched.
She would fain have been among such as were driven from the glen to seek a subsistence in the towns, begging by day, and nestling wherever they could find a hole by night.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Illustrations of political economy, Volume 3 (of 9)

Chapter XXX

Chapter 30 of Illustrations of political economy, Volume 3 (of 9) is here in full — 84 sentences across 17 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/16 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
IRISH FATALITY.
/ˈaɪrɪʃ fəˈtælɪti/
Line 2
Dora was long in gaol before she could form an idea what was to become of her.
Line 3
The place was crowded, in consequence of the late disorders in her native district; and her child pined for want of the bracing air to which it had been accustomed from its birth.
/ðə pleɪs wɑːz ˈkraʊdəd ɪn ˈkɑːnsəkwəns ʌv ðə leɪt dɪˈsɔːrdərz ɪn hɜːr ˈneɪtɪv ˈdɪstrɪkt ənd hɜːr tʃaɪld paɪnd fɔːr wɑːnt ʌv ðə ˈbreɪsɪŋ er tuː wɪtʃ ɪt hæd bɪn əˈkʌstəmd frʌm ɪts bɜːrθ/
Line 4
Night after night when she was kept awake by its wailing, day after day when she marked how its little limbs wasted, did the mother sigh to be one of those whose lot she had till now thought very wretched.
Line 5
She would fain have been among such as were driven from the glen to seek a subsistence in the towns, begging by day, and nestling wherever they could find a hole by night.
/ʃiː wʊd feɪn hæv bɪn əˈmʌŋ sʌtʃ æz wɜːr ˈdrɪvən frʌm ðə ɡlen tuː siːk ə səbˈsɪstəns ɪn ðə taʊnz ˈbeɡɪŋ baɪ deɪ ənd ˈnestlɪŋ weˈrevər ðeɪ kʊd faɪnd ə hoʊl baɪ naɪt/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

bracing noun US /ˈbreɪsɪŋ/

a structural member used to stiffen a framework

From this reading “The place was crowded, in consequence of the late disorders in her native district; and her child pined for want of the bracing air to which it had been accustomed from its birth.”

disorders noun US /dɪˈsɔːrdərz/

plural of “disorder” — a physical condition in which there is a disturbance of normal functioning

From this reading “The place was crowded, in consequence of the late disorders in her native district; and her child pined for want of the bracing air to which it had been accustomed from its birth.”

fatality noun US /fəˈtælɪti/

a death resulting from an accident or a disaster

From this reading “IRISH FATALITY.”

glen noun US /ɡlen/

a narrow secluded valley (in the mountains)

From this reading “She would fain have been among such as were driven from the glen to seek a subsistence in the towns, begging by day, and nestling wherever they could find a hole by night.”

nestling noun US /ˈnestlɪŋ/

young bird not yet fledged

From this reading “She would fain have been among such as were driven from the glen to seek a subsistence in the towns, begging by day, and nestling wherever they could find a hole by night.”

pined verb US /paɪnd/

past form of “pine” — have a desire for something or someone who is not present

From this reading “The place was crowded, in consequence of the late disorders in her native district; and her child pined for want of the bracing air to which it had been accustomed from its birth.”

subsistence noun US /səbˈsɪstəns/

minimal (or marginal) resources for subsisting

From this reading “She would fain have been among such as were driven from the glen to seek a subsistence in the towns, begging by day, and nestling wherever they could find a hole by night.”

wailing noun US /ˈweɪlɪŋ/

loud cries made while weeping

From this reading “Night after night when she was kept awake by its wailing, day after day when she marked how its little limbs wasted, did the mother sigh to be one of those whose lot she had till now thought very wretched.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

bracing air noun + noun

In this reading “The place was crowded, in consequence of the late disorders in her native district; and her child pined for want of the bracing air to which it had been accustomed from its birth.”

in consequence preposition + noun

In this reading “The place was crowded, in consequence of the late disorders in her native district; and her child pined for want of the bracing air to which it had been accustomed from its birth.”

till now preposition + adverb

In this reading “Night after night when she was kept awake by its wailing, day after day when she marked how its little limbs wasted, did the mother sigh to be one of those whose lot she had till now thought very wretched.”

after day preposition + noun

In this reading “Night after night when she was kept awake by its wailing, day after day when she marked how its little limbs wasted, did the mother sigh to be one of those whose lot she had till now thought very wretched.”

All words in this reading · 86

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading She would fain have been among such as were driven from the glen to seek a subsistence in the towns, begging by day, and nestling wherever they could find a hole by night.

accustomedadjectiveUS /əˈkʌstəmd/

commonly used or practiced; usual

From this reading The place was crowded, in consequence of the late disorders in her native district; and her child pined for want of the bracing air to which it had been accustomed from its birth.

afterprepositionUS /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading Night after night when she was kept awake by its wailing, day after day when she marked how its little limbs wasted, did the mother sigh to be one of those whose lot she had till now thought very wretched.

airnounUS /er/

a mixture of gases (especially oxygen) required for breathing; the stuff that the wind consists of

From this reading The place was crowded, in consequence of the late disorders in her native district; and her child pined for want of the bracing air to which it had been accustomed from its birth.

amongprepositionUS /əˈmʌŋ/

surrounded by; in the middle of a group

From this reading She would fain have been among such as were driven from the glen to seek a subsistence in the towns, begging by day, and nestling wherever they could find a hole by night.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading Dora was long in gaol before she could form an idea what was to become of her.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading The place was crowded, in consequence of the late disorders in her native district; and her child pined for want of the bracing air to which it had been accustomed from its birth.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading She would fain have been among such as were driven from the glen to seek a subsistence in the towns, begging by day, and nestling wherever they could find a hole by night.

awakeadjectiveUS /əˈweɪk/

not in a state of sleep; completely conscious

From this reading Night after night when she was kept awake by its wailing, day after day when she marked how its little limbs wasted, did the mother sigh to be one of those whose lot she had till now thought very wretched.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading Night after night when she was kept awake by its wailing, day after day when she marked how its little limbs wasted, did the mother sigh to be one of those whose lot she had till now thought very wretched.

becomeverbUS /bɪˈkʌm/

enter or assume a certain state or condition

From this reading Dora was long in gaol before she could form an idea what was to become of her.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading The place was crowded, in consequence of the late disorders in her native district; and her child pined for want of the bracing air to which it had been accustomed from its birth.

beforeprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading Dora was long in gaol before she could form an idea what was to become of her.

beggingnounUS /ˈbeɡɪŋ/

a solicitation for money or food (especially in the street by an apparently penniless person)

From this reading She would fain have been among such as were driven from the glen to seek a subsistence in the towns, begging by day, and nestling wherever they could find a hole by night.

birthnounUS /bɜːrθ/

the time when something begins (especially life)

From this reading The place was crowded, in consequence of the late disorders in her native district; and her child pined for want of the bracing air to which it had been accustomed from its birth.

bracingnounUS /ˈbreɪsɪŋ/

a structural member used to stiffen a framework

From this reading The place was crowded, in consequence of the late disorders in her native district; and her child pined for want of the bracing air to which it had been accustomed from its birth.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading Night after night when she was kept awake by its wailing, day after day when she marked how its little limbs wasted, did the mother sigh to be one of those whose lot she had till now thought very wretched.

childnounUS /tʃaɪld/

a young person of either sex

From this reading The place was crowded, in consequence of the late disorders in her native district; and her child pined for want of the bracing air to which it had been accustomed from its birth.

consequencenounUS /ˈkɑːnsəkwəns/

a phenomenon that follows and is caused by some previous phenomenon

From this reading The place was crowded, in consequence of the late disorders in her native district; and her child pined for want of the bracing air to which it had been accustomed from its birth.

couldmodal verbUS /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading Dora was long in gaol before she could form an idea what was to become of her.

crowdedadjectiveUS /ˈkraʊdəd/

overfilled or compacted or concentrated

From this reading The place was crowded, in consequence of the late disorders in her native district; and her child pined for want of the bracing air to which it had been accustomed from its birth.

daynounUS /deɪ/

time for Earth to make a complete rotation on its axis

From this reading Night after night when she was kept awake by its wailing, day after day when she marked how its little limbs wasted, did the mother sigh to be one of those whose lot she had till now thought very wretched.

didauxiliary verbUS /dɪd/

the past form of “do”, used in questions and negatives

From this reading Night after night when she was kept awake by its wailing, day after day when she marked how its little limbs wasted, did the mother sigh to be one of those whose lot she had till now thought very wretched.

disordersnounUS /dɪˈsɔːrdərz/

plural of “disorder” — a physical condition in which there is a disturbance of normal functioning

From this reading The place was crowded, in consequence of the late disorders in her native district; and her child pined for want of the bracing air to which it had been accustomed from its birth.

districtnounUS /ˈdɪstrɪkt/

a region marked off for administrative or other purposes

From this reading The place was crowded, in consequence of the late disorders in her native district; and her child pined for want of the bracing air to which it had been accustomed from its birth.

Dora

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Dora was long in gaol before she could form an idea what was to become of her.

drivenadjectiveUS /ˈdrɪvən/

compelled forcibly by an outside agency

From this reading She would fain have been among such as were driven from the glen to seek a subsistence in the towns, begging by day, and nestling wherever they could find a hole by night.

fainadjectiveUS /feɪn/

having made preparations

From this reading She would fain have been among such as were driven from the glen to seek a subsistence in the towns, begging by day, and nestling wherever they could find a hole by night.

FATALITYnounUS /fəˈtælɪti/

a death resulting from an accident or a disaster

From this reading IRISH FATALITY.

findverbUS /faɪnd/

come upon, as if by accident; meet with

From this reading She would fain have been among such as were driven from the glen to seek a subsistence in the towns, begging by day, and nestling wherever they could find a hole by night.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading The place was crowded, in consequence of the late disorders in her native district; and her child pined for want of the bracing air to which it had been accustomed from its birth.

formnounUS /fɔːrm/

the phonological or orthographic sound or appearance of a word that can be used to describe or identify something

From this reading Dora was long in gaol before she could form an idea what was to become of her.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading The place was crowded, in consequence of the late disorders in her native district; and her child pined for want of the bracing air to which it had been accustomed from its birth.

gaolnoun

a correctional institution used to detain persons who are in the lawful custody of the government (either accused persons awaiting trial or convicted persons serving a sentence)

From this reading Dora was long in gaol before she could form an idea what was to become of her.

glennounUS /ɡlen/

a narrow secluded valley (in the mountains)

From this reading She would fain have been among such as were driven from the glen to seek a subsistence in the towns, begging by day, and nestling wherever they could find a hole by night.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading The place was crowded, in consequence of the late disorders in her native district; and her child pined for want of the bracing air to which it had been accustomed from its birth.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading She would fain have been among such as were driven from the glen to seek a subsistence in the towns, begging by day, and nestling wherever they could find a hole by night.

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading Dora was long in gaol before she could form an idea what was to become of her.

holenounUS /hoʊl/

an opening into or through something

From this reading She would fain have been among such as were driven from the glen to seek a subsistence in the towns, begging by day, and nestling wherever they could find a hole by night.

how

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Night after night when she was kept awake by its wailing, day after day when she marked how its little limbs wasted, did the mother sigh to be one of those whose lot she had till now thought very wretched.

ideanounUS /aɪˈdiːə/

the content of cognition; the main thing you are thinking about

From this reading Dora was long in gaol before she could form an idea what was to become of her.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Dora was long in gaol before she could form an idea what was to become of her.

IRISHnounUS /ˈaɪrɪʃ/

people of Ireland or of Irish extraction

From this reading IRISH FATALITY.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading The place was crowded, in consequence of the late disorders in her native district; and her child pined for want of the bracing air to which it had been accustomed from its birth.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading The place was crowded, in consequence of the late disorders in her native district; and her child pined for want of the bracing air to which it had been accustomed from its birth.

keptadjectiveUS /kept/

(especially of promises or contracts) not violated or disregarded

From this reading Night after night when she was kept awake by its wailing, day after day when she marked how its little limbs wasted, did the mother sigh to be one of those whose lot she had till now thought very wretched.

lateadjectiveUS /leɪt/

being or occurring at an advanced period of time or after a usual or expected time

From this reading The place was crowded, in consequence of the late disorders in her native district; and her child pined for want of the bracing air to which it had been accustomed from its birth.

limbsnounUS /lɪmz/

plural of “limb” — one of the jointed appendages of an animal used for locomotion or grasping: arm; leg; wing; flipper

From this reading Night after night when she was kept awake by its wailing, day after day when she marked how its little limbs wasted, did the mother sigh to be one of those whose lot she had till now thought very wretched.

littleadjectiveUS /ˈlɪtəl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading Night after night when she was kept awake by its wailing, day after day when she marked how its little limbs wasted, did the mother sigh to be one of those whose lot she had till now thought very wretched.

longadjectiveUS /lɔːŋ/

primarily temporal sense; being or indicating a relatively great or greater than average duration or passage of time or a duration as specified

From this reading Dora was long in gaol before she could form an idea what was to become of her.

lotnounUS /lɑːt/

(often followed by “of”) a large number or amount or extent

From this reading Night after night when she was kept awake by its wailing, day after day when she marked how its little limbs wasted, did the mother sigh to be one of those whose lot she had till now thought very wretched.

markedadjectiveUS /mɑːrkt/

strongly marked; easily noticeable

From this reading Night after night when she was kept awake by its wailing, day after day when she marked how its little limbs wasted, did the mother sigh to be one of those whose lot she had till now thought very wretched.

mothernounUS /ˈmʌðər/

a woman who has given birth to a child (also used as a term of address to your mother)

From this reading Night after night when she was kept awake by its wailing, day after day when she marked how its little limbs wasted, did the mother sigh to be one of those whose lot she had till now thought very wretched.

nativeadjectiveUS /ˈneɪtɪv/

characteristic of or existing by virtue of geographic origin

From this reading The place was crowded, in consequence of the late disorders in her native district; and her child pined for want of the bracing air to which it had been accustomed from its birth.

nestlingnounUS /ˈnestlɪŋ/

young bird not yet fledged

From this reading She would fain have been among such as were driven from the glen to seek a subsistence in the towns, begging by day, and nestling wherever they could find a hole by night.

NightnounUS /naɪt/

the time after sunset and before sunrise while it is dark outside

From this reading Night after night when she was kept awake by its wailing, day after day when she marked how its little limbs wasted, did the mother sigh to be one of those whose lot she had till now thought very wretched.

nowadverbUS /naʊ/

in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events

From this reading Night after night when she was kept awake by its wailing, day after day when she marked how its little limbs wasted, did the mother sigh to be one of those whose lot she had till now thought very wretched.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Dora was long in gaol before she could form an idea what was to become of her.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading Night after night when she was kept awake by its wailing, day after day when she marked how its little limbs wasted, did the mother sigh to be one of those whose lot she had till now thought very wretched.

pinedverbUS /paɪnd/

past form of “pine” — have a desire for something or someone who is not present

From this reading The place was crowded, in consequence of the late disorders in her native district; and her child pined for want of the bracing air to which it had been accustomed from its birth.

placenounUS /pleɪs/

a point located with respect to surface features of some region

From this reading The place was crowded, in consequence of the late disorders in her native district; and her child pined for want of the bracing air to which it had been accustomed from its birth.

seekverbUS /siːk/

try to get or reach

From this reading She would fain have been among such as were driven from the glen to seek a subsistence in the towns, begging by day, and nestling wherever they could find a hole by night.

shepronounUS /ʃiː/

a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Dora was long in gaol before she could form an idea what was to become of her.

sighverbUS /saɪ/

heave or utter a sigh; breathe deeply and heavily

From this reading Night after night when she was kept awake by its wailing, day after day when she marked how its little limbs wasted, did the mother sigh to be one of those whose lot she had till now thought very wretched.

subsistencenounUS /səbˈsɪstəns/

minimal (or marginal) resources for subsisting

From this reading She would fain have been among such as were driven from the glen to seek a subsistence in the towns, begging by day, and nestling wherever they could find a hole by night.

suchdeterminerUS /sʌtʃ/

of the kind already mentioned

From this reading She would fain have been among such as were driven from the glen to seek a subsistence in the towns, begging by day, and nestling wherever they could find a hole by night.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading The place was crowded, in consequence of the late disorders in her native district; and her child pined for want of the bracing air to which it had been accustomed from its birth.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading She would fain have been among such as were driven from the glen to seek a subsistence in the towns, begging by day, and nestling wherever they could find a hole by night.

thosedeterminerUS /ðoʊz/

the plural of “that”: the people or things further away, or already known

From this reading Night after night when she was kept awake by its wailing, day after day when she marked how its little limbs wasted, did the mother sigh to be one of those whose lot she had till now thought very wretched.

thoughtnounUS /θɔːt/

the content of cognition; the main thing you are thinking about

From this reading Night after night when she was kept awake by its wailing, day after day when she marked how its little limbs wasted, did the mother sigh to be one of those whose lot she had till now thought very wretched.

tillprepositionUS /tɪl/

up to a particular time

From this reading Night after night when she was kept awake by its wailing, day after day when she marked how its little limbs wasted, did the mother sigh to be one of those whose lot she had till now thought very wretched.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Dora was long in gaol before she could form an idea what was to become of her.

townsnounUS /taʊnz/

plural of “town” — an urban area with a fixed boundary that is smaller than a city

From this reading She would fain have been among such as were driven from the glen to seek a subsistence in the towns, begging by day, and nestling wherever they could find a hole by night.

veryadjectiveUS /ˈveri/

precisely as stated

From this reading Night after night when she was kept awake by its wailing, day after day when she marked how its little limbs wasted, did the mother sigh to be one of those whose lot she had till now thought very wretched.

wailingnounUS /ˈweɪlɪŋ/

loud cries made while weeping

From this reading Night after night when she was kept awake by its wailing, day after day when she marked how its little limbs wasted, did the mother sigh to be one of those whose lot she had till now thought very wretched.

wantverbUS /wɑːnt/

feel or have a desire for; want strongly

From this reading The place was crowded, in consequence of the late disorders in her native district; and her child pined for want of the bracing air to which it had been accustomed from its birth.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Dora was long in gaol before she could form an idea what was to become of her.

wastedadjectiveUS /ˈweɪstɪd/

serving no useful purpose; having no excuse for being

From this reading Night after night when she was kept awake by its wailing, day after day when she marked how its little limbs wasted, did the mother sigh to be one of those whose lot she had till now thought very wretched.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading She would fain have been among such as were driven from the glen to seek a subsistence in the towns, begging by day, and nestling wherever they could find a hole by night.

whatpronounUS /wʌt/

used to ask for information about something

From this reading Dora was long in gaol before she could form an idea what was to become of her.

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading Night after night when she was kept awake by its wailing, day after day when she marked how its little limbs wasted, did the mother sigh to be one of those whose lot she had till now thought very wretched.

whereverconjunctionUS /weˈrevər/

in or to any place at all

From this reading She would fain have been among such as were driven from the glen to seek a subsistence in the towns, begging by day, and nestling wherever they could find a hole by night.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading The place was crowded, in consequence of the late disorders in her native district; and her child pined for want of the bracing air to which it had been accustomed from its birth.

whosedeterminerUS /huːz/

belonging to which person

From this reading Night after night when she was kept awake by its wailing, day after day when she marked how its little limbs wasted, did the mother sigh to be one of those whose lot she had till now thought very wretched.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading She would fain have been among such as were driven from the glen to seek a subsistence in the towns, begging by day, and nestling wherever they could find a hole by night.

wretchedadjectiveUS /ˈretʃɪd/

of very poor quality or condition

From this reading Night after night when she was kept awake by its wailing, day after day when she marked how its little limbs wasted, did the mother sigh to be one of those whose lot she had till now thought very wretched.

Chapter 30 of Illustrations of political economy, Volume 3 (of 9) by Harriet Martineau holds 84 sentences, grouped into 17 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 30 of Illustrations of political economy, Volume 3 (of 9) contain?

Chapter 30 holds 84 sentences of Illustrations of political economy, Volume 3 (of 9), unabridged, divided into 17 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 30 of Illustrations of political economy, Volume 3 (of 9) by Harriet Martineau exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 84 sentences, grouped into 17 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 30 of Illustrations of political economy, Volume 3 (of 9)?

Work through the 17 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 17 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 30 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 30 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Illustrations of political economy, Volume 3 (of 9)

Common questions about reading Illustrations of political economy, Volume 3 (of 9) by Harriet Martineau on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Illustrations of political economy, Volume 3 (of 9)?

Yes. All 4302 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #71169 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Illustrations of political economy, Volume 3 (of 9) is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #71169, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Illustrations of political economy, Volume 3 (of 9) take to read?

About 358 minutes of reading across 861 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Illustrations of political economy, Volume 3 (of 9) section by section

How to work through Illustrations of political economy, Volume 3 (of 9) section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 31 chapters of Illustrations of political economy, Volume 3 (of 9) to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Illustrations of political economy, Volume 3 (of 9)

Words and structures a reader meets early in Illustrations of political economy, Volume 3 (of 9), each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Version
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Illustrations of political economy, Volume 3 (of 9); the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Cannot
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Illustrations of political economy, Volume 3 (of 9); the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Represent
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Illustrations of political economy, Volume 3 (of 9); the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Certain
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Illustrations of political economy, Volume 3 (of 9); the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.