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Illustrations of political economy, Volume 4 (of 9)
Illustrations of political economy, Volume 4 (of 9)

Chapter VII

Chapter 7 of Illustrations of political economy, Volume 4 (of 9) is here in full — 137 sentences across 28 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Chapter 7 of Illustrations of political economy, Volume 4 (of 9) by Harriet Martineau holds 137 sentences, grouped into 28 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 7 of Illustrations of political economy, Volume 4 (of 9) contain?

Chapter 7 holds 137 sentences of Illustrations of political economy, Volume 4 (of 9), unabridged, divided into 28 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 7 of Illustrations of political economy, Volume 4 (of 9) by Harriet Martineau exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 137 sentences, grouped into 28 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 7 of Illustrations of political economy, Volume 4 (of 9)?

Work through the 28 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 28 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 7 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 7 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Illustrations of political economy, Volume 4 (of 9)

Common questions about reading Illustrations of political economy, Volume 4 (of 9) by Harriet Martineau on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Illustrations of political economy, Volume 4 (of 9)?

Yes. All 4241 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #71544 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Illustrations of political economy, Volume 4 (of 9) is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #71544, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Illustrations of political economy, Volume 4 (of 9) take to read?

About 353 minutes of reading across 849 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Illustrations of political economy, Volume 4 (of 9) section by section

How to work through Illustrations of political economy, Volume 4 (of 9) section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 28 chapters of Illustrations of political economy, Volume 4 (of 9) to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Illustrations of political economy, Volume 4 (of 9)

Words and structures a reader meets early in Illustrations of political economy, Volume 4 (of 9), each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Version
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Illustrations of political economy, Volume 4 (of 9); the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Cannot
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Illustrations of political economy, Volume 4 (of 9); the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Represent
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Illustrations of political economy, Volume 4 (of 9); the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Certain
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Illustrations of political economy, Volume 4 (of 9); the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Cover illustration for Illustrations of political economy, Volume 4 (of 9)
Context Illustration Reading 1/28 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
LAW AND JUSTICE.
Though convicts were unhappily supplied at an increasing rate from the mother-country, the demand for free labourers throughout Van Diemen’s Land became more urgent continually.
The young men who settled either as wool-growers, farmers, or labourers, wanted wives.
All above the lowest rank needed servants.
The sheep were too many for the shepherds.
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Speed 0.75x
AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
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Illustrations of political economy, Volume 4 (of 9)

Chapter VII

Chapter 7 of Illustrations of political economy, Volume 4 (of 9) is here in full — 137 sentences across 28 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/28 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
LAW AND JUSTICE.
Line 2
Though convicts were unhappily supplied at an increasing rate from the mother-country, the demand for free labourers throughout Van Diemen’s Land became more urgent continually.
Line 3
The young men who settled either as wool-growers, farmers, or labourers, wanted wives.
Line 4
All above the lowest rank needed servants.
Line 5
The sheep were too many for the shepherds.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, audio, and collocations from this reading.

Above preposition US /əˈbʌv/

higher than, or over, something

From this reading “All above the lowest rank needed servants.”

Either determiner US /ˈiːðər/

one or the other of two

From this reading “The young men who settled either as wool-growers, farmers, or labourers, wanted wives.”

Free adjective US /friː/

acting without enough restraint or discipline

From this reading “Though convicts were unhappily supplied at an increasing rate from the mother-country, the demand for free labourers throughout Van Diemen’s Land became more urgent continually.”

Though conjunction US /ðoʊ/

in spite of the fact that

From this reading “Though convicts were unhappily supplied at an increasing rate from the mother-country, the demand for free labourers throughout Van Diemen’s Land became more urgent continually.”

Throughout preposition US /θruːˈaʊt/

in every part of a place, or for the whole of a period

From this reading “Though convicts were unhappily supplied at an increasing rate from the mother-country, the demand for free labourers throughout Van Diemen’s Land became more urgent continually.”

All words in this reading · 48

Every word is available to listen to. Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

aboveprepositionUS /əˈbʌv/

higher than, or over, something

From this reading All above the lowest rank needed servants.

All

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading All above the lowest rank needed servants.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading Though convicts were unhappily supplied at an increasing rate from the mother-country, the demand for free labourers throughout Van Diemen’s Land became more urgent continually.

ANDconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading LAW AND JUSTICE.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading The young men who settled either as wool-growers, farmers, or labourers, wanted wives.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading Though convicts were unhappily supplied at an increasing rate from the mother-country, the demand for free labourers throughout Van Diemen’s Land became more urgent continually.

became

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Though convicts were unhappily supplied at an increasing rate from the mother-country, the demand for free labourers throughout Van Diemen’s Land became more urgent continually.

continually

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Though convicts were unhappily supplied at an increasing rate from the mother-country, the demand for free labourers throughout Van Diemen’s Land became more urgent continually.

convicts

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Though convicts were unhappily supplied at an increasing rate from the mother-country, the demand for free labourers throughout Van Diemen’s Land became more urgent continually.

demand

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Though convicts were unhappily supplied at an increasing rate from the mother-country, the demand for free labourers throughout Van Diemen’s Land became more urgent continually.

Diemen's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Though convicts were unhappily supplied at an increasing rate from the mother-country, the demand for free labourers throughout Van Diemen’s Land became more urgent continually.

eitherdeterminerUS /ˈiːðər/

one or the other of two

From this reading The young men who settled either as wool-growers, farmers, or labourers, wanted wives.

farmers

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The young men who settled either as wool-growers, farmers, or labourers, wanted wives.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading Though convicts were unhappily supplied at an increasing rate from the mother-country, the demand for free labourers throughout Van Diemen’s Land became more urgent continually.

freeadjectiveUS /friː/

acting without enough restraint or discipline

From this reading Though convicts were unhappily supplied at an increasing rate from the mother-country, the demand for free labourers throughout Van Diemen’s Land became more urgent continually.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading Though convicts were unhappily supplied at an increasing rate from the mother-country, the demand for free labourers throughout Van Diemen’s Land became more urgent continually.

increasing

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Though convicts were unhappily supplied at an increasing rate from the mother-country, the demand for free labourers throughout Van Diemen’s Land became more urgent continually.

JUSTICE

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading LAW AND JUSTICE.

labourers

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Though convicts were unhappily supplied at an increasing rate from the mother-country, the demand for free labourers throughout Van Diemen’s Land became more urgent continually.

Land

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Though convicts were unhappily supplied at an increasing rate from the mother-country, the demand for free labourers throughout Van Diemen’s Land became more urgent continually.

LAW

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading LAW AND JUSTICE.

lowest

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading All above the lowest rank needed servants.

many

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The sheep were too many for the shepherds.

men

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The young men who settled either as wool-growers, farmers, or labourers, wanted wives.

more

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Though convicts were unhappily supplied at an increasing rate from the mother-country, the demand for free labourers throughout Van Diemen’s Land became more urgent continually.

mother-country

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Though convicts were unhappily supplied at an increasing rate from the mother-country, the demand for free labourers throughout Van Diemen’s Land became more urgent continually.

needed

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading All above the lowest rank needed servants.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading The young men who settled either as wool-growers, farmers, or labourers, wanted wives.

rank

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading All above the lowest rank needed servants.

rate

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Though convicts were unhappily supplied at an increasing rate from the mother-country, the demand for free labourers throughout Van Diemen’s Land became more urgent continually.

servants

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading All above the lowest rank needed servants.

settled

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The young men who settled either as wool-growers, farmers, or labourers, wanted wives.

sheep

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The sheep were too many for the shepherds.

shepherds

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The sheep were too many for the shepherds.

supplied

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Though convicts were unhappily supplied at an increasing rate from the mother-country, the demand for free labourers throughout Van Diemen’s Land became more urgent continually.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Though convicts were unhappily supplied at an increasing rate from the mother-country, the demand for free labourers throughout Van Diemen’s Land became more urgent continually.

ThoughconjunctionUS /ðoʊ/

in spite of the fact that

From this reading Though convicts were unhappily supplied at an increasing rate from the mother-country, the demand for free labourers throughout Van Diemen’s Land became more urgent continually.

throughoutprepositionUS /θruːˈaʊt/

in every part of a place, or for the whole of a period

From this reading Though convicts were unhappily supplied at an increasing rate from the mother-country, the demand for free labourers throughout Van Diemen’s Land became more urgent continually.

too

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The sheep were too many for the shepherds.

unhappily

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Though convicts were unhappily supplied at an increasing rate from the mother-country, the demand for free labourers throughout Van Diemen’s Land became more urgent continually.

urgent

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Though convicts were unhappily supplied at an increasing rate from the mother-country, the demand for free labourers throughout Van Diemen’s Land became more urgent continually.

Van

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Though convicts were unhappily supplied at an increasing rate from the mother-country, the demand for free labourers throughout Van Diemen’s Land became more urgent continually.

wanted

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The young men who settled either as wool-growers, farmers, or labourers, wanted wives.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Though convicts were unhappily supplied at an increasing rate from the mother-country, the demand for free labourers throughout Van Diemen’s Land became more urgent continually.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading The young men who settled either as wool-growers, farmers, or labourers, wanted wives.

wives

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The young men who settled either as wool-growers, farmers, or labourers, wanted wives.

wool-growers

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The young men who settled either as wool-growers, farmers, or labourers, wanted wives.

young

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The young men who settled either as wool-growers, farmers, or labourers, wanted wives.