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Illustrations of political economy, Volume 4 (of 9)
Illustrations of political economy, Volume 4 (of 9)

Chapter XVIII

Chapter 18 of Illustrations of political economy, Volume 4 (of 9) is here in full — 109 sentences across 22 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Chapter 18 of Illustrations of political economy, Volume 4 (of 9) by Harriet Martineau holds 109 sentences, grouped into 22 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 18 of Illustrations of political economy, Volume 4 (of 9) contain?

Chapter 18 holds 109 sentences of Illustrations of political economy, Volume 4 (of 9), unabridged, divided into 22 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 18 of Illustrations of political economy, Volume 4 (of 9) by Harriet Martineau exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 109 sentences, grouped into 22 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 18 of Illustrations of political economy, Volume 4 (of 9)?

Work through the 22 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 22 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

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Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 18 can be played aloud in United States English.

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Yes. All 4241 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #71544 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

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Project Gutenberg eBook #71544, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

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About 353 minutes of reading across 849 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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Vocabulary met early in Illustrations of political economy, Volume 4 (of 9)

Words and structures a reader meets early in Illustrations of political economy, Volume 4 (of 9), each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Version
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Illustrations of political economy, Volume 4 (of 9); the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Cannot
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Illustrations of political economy, Volume 4 (of 9); the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Represent
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Illustrations of political economy, Volume 4 (of 9); the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Certain
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Illustrations of political economy, Volume 4 (of 9); the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Cover illustration for Illustrations of political economy, Volume 4 (of 9)
Context Illustration Reading 1/22 · 5 lines
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CONSEQUENCES.
Those who had educated Waldie were partly answerable for his propensity to speculation, which arose more from a restless ambition than from a desire of overgrown wealth.
The foundation of the fortunes of his family was laid by an ancestor who, a few hundred years ago, introduced a new manufacture, which he had learned abroad, into this country.
Though, from having to take workmen away from other manufactures, and to engage them to learn his own, he gave higher wages than any of his neighbours, his profits were also very great, as his article bore a high price in the market, in the way that new articles of convenient manufacture generally do.
If profits may be said (as they are by some said) to be as much the reward of labour as wages,—that is, the reward of present superintendence, and of the labour out of which arose the capital employed, it is certain that this first rich member of the Waldie family reaped as large a proportionate reward as his workmen; for long after their wages and his profits were lowered by his silk stuffs becoming more common, and the difficulty of getting workmen being less, he continued to grow rich from his having more capital to employ in bringing him profits.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Illustrations of political economy, Volume 4 (of 9)

Chapter XVIII

Chapter 18 of Illustrations of political economy, Volume 4 (of 9) is here in full — 109 sentences across 22 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/22 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
CONSEQUENCES.
Line 2
Those who had educated Waldie were partly answerable for his propensity to speculation, which arose more from a restless ambition than from a desire of overgrown wealth.
Line 3
The foundation of the fortunes of his family was laid by an ancestor who, a few hundred years ago, introduced a new manufacture, which he had learned abroad, into this country.
Line 4
Though, from having to take workmen away from other manufactures, and to engage them to learn his own, he gave higher wages than any of his neighbours, his profits were also very great, as his article bore a high price in the market, in the way that new articles of convenient manufacture generally do.
Line 5
If profits may be said (as they are by some said) to be as much the reward of labour as wages,—that is, the reward of present superintendence, and of the labour out of which arose the capital employed, it is certain that this first rich member of the Waldie family reaped as large a proportionate reward as his workmen; for long after their wages and his profits were lowered by his silk stuffs becoming more common, and the difficulty of getting workmen being less, he continued to grow rich from his having more capital to employ in bringing him profits.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, audio, and collocations from this reading.

After preposition US /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading “If profits may be said (as they are by some said) to be as much the reward of labour as wages,—that is, the reward of present superintendence, and of the labour out of which arose the capital employed, it is certain that this first rich member of the Waldie family reaped as large a proportionate reward as his workmen; for long after their wages and his profits were lowered by his silk stuffs becoming more common, and the difficulty of getting workmen being less, he continued to grow rich from his having more capital to employ in bringing him profits.”

Being auxiliary verb US /ˈbiːɪŋ/

the -ing form of “be”

From this reading “If profits may be said (as they are by some said) to be as much the reward of labour as wages,—that is, the reward of present superintendence, and of the labour out of which arose the capital employed, it is certain that this first rich member of the Waldie family reaped as large a proportionate reward as his workmen; for long after their wages and his profits were lowered by his silk stuffs becoming more common, and the difficulty of getting workmen being less, he continued to grow rich from his having more capital to employ in bringing him profits.”

Continued noun US /ˈcontinued/

a story-specific word describing an important person, object, action, or idea in this passage

From this reading “If profits may be said (as they are by some said) to be as much the reward of labour as wages,—that is, the reward of present superintendence, and of the labour out of which arose the capital employed, it is certain that this first rich member of the Waldie family reaped as large a proportionate reward as his workmen; for long after their wages and his profits were lowered by his silk stuffs becoming more common, and the difficulty of getting workmen being less, he continued to grow rich from his having more capital to employ in bringing him profits.”

Having auxiliary verb US /ˈhævɪŋ/

the -ing form of “have”

From this reading “Though, from having to take workmen away from other manufactures, and to engage them to learn his own, he gave higher wages than any of his neighbours, his profits were also very great, as his article bore a high price in the market, in the way that new articles of convenient manufacture generally do.”

May modal verb US /meɪ/

used to say something is possible, or to give permission

From this reading “If profits may be said (as they are by some said) to be as much the reward of labour as wages,—that is, the reward of present superintendence, and of the labour out of which arose the capital employed, it is certain that this first rich member of the Waldie family reaped as large a proportionate reward as his workmen; for long after their wages and his profits were lowered by his silk stuffs becoming more common, and the difficulty of getting workmen being less, he continued to grow rich from his having more capital to employ in bringing him profits.”

Those determiner US /ðoʊz/

the plural of “that”: the people or things further away, or already known

From this reading “Those who had educated Waldie were partly answerable for his propensity to speculation, which arose more from a restless ambition than from a desire of overgrown wealth.”

Though conjunction US /ðoʊ/

in spite of the fact that

From this reading “Though, from having to take workmen away from other manufactures, and to engage them to learn his own, he gave higher wages than any of his neighbours, his profits were also very great, as his article bore a high price in the market, in the way that new articles of convenient manufacture generally do.”

Wages plural noun US /ˈweɪdʒɪz/

money or a reward earned for work

From this reading “Though, from having to take workmen away from other manufactures, and to engage them to learn his own, he gave higher wages than any of his neighbours, his profits were also very great, as his article bore a high price in the market, in the way that new articles of convenient manufacture generally do.”

All words in this reading · 123

Every word is available to listen to. Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Those who had educated Waldie were partly answerable for his propensity to speculation, which arose more from a restless ambition than from a desire of overgrown wealth.

abroad

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The foundation of the fortunes of his family was laid by an ancestor who, a few hundred years ago, introduced a new manufacture, which he had learned abroad, into this country.

afterprepositionUS /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading If profits may be said (as they are by some said) to be as much the reward of labour as wages,—that is, the reward of present superintendence, and of the labour out of which arose the capital employed, it is certain that this first rich member of the Waldie family reaped as large a proportionate reward as his workmen; for long after their wages and his profits were lowered by his silk stuffs becoming more common, and the difficulty of getting workmen being less, he continued to grow rich from his having more capital to employ in bringing him profits.

ago

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The foundation of the fortunes of his family was laid by an ancestor who, a few hundred years ago, introduced a new manufacture, which he had learned abroad, into this country.

also

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Though, from having to take workmen away from other manufactures, and to engage them to learn his own, he gave higher wages than any of his neighbours, his profits were also very great, as his article bore a high price in the market, in the way that new articles of convenient manufacture generally do.

ambition

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Those who had educated Waldie were partly answerable for his propensity to speculation, which arose more from a restless ambition than from a desire of overgrown wealth.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading The foundation of the fortunes of his family was laid by an ancestor who, a few hundred years ago, introduced a new manufacture, which he had learned abroad, into this country.

ancestor

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The foundation of the fortunes of his family was laid by an ancestor who, a few hundred years ago, introduced a new manufacture, which he had learned abroad, into this country.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Though, from having to take workmen away from other manufactures, and to engage them to learn his own, he gave higher wages than any of his neighbours, his profits were also very great, as his article bore a high price in the market, in the way that new articles of convenient manufacture generally do.

answerable

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Those who had educated Waldie were partly answerable for his propensity to speculation, which arose more from a restless ambition than from a desire of overgrown wealth.

any

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Though, from having to take workmen away from other manufactures, and to engage them to learn his own, he gave higher wages than any of his neighbours, his profits were also very great, as his article bore a high price in the market, in the way that new articles of convenient manufacture generally do.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading If profits may be said (as they are by some said) to be as much the reward of labour as wages,—that is, the reward of present superintendence, and of the labour out of which arose the capital employed, it is certain that this first rich member of the Waldie family reaped as large a proportionate reward as his workmen; for long after their wages and his profits were lowered by his silk stuffs becoming more common, and the difficulty of getting workmen being less, he continued to grow rich from his having more capital to employ in bringing him profits.

arose

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Those who had educated Waldie were partly answerable for his propensity to speculation, which arose more from a restless ambition than from a desire of overgrown wealth.

article

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Though, from having to take workmen away from other manufactures, and to engage them to learn his own, he gave higher wages than any of his neighbours, his profits were also very great, as his article bore a high price in the market, in the way that new articles of convenient manufacture generally do.

articles

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Though, from having to take workmen away from other manufactures, and to engage them to learn his own, he gave higher wages than any of his neighbours, his profits were also very great, as his article bore a high price in the market, in the way that new articles of convenient manufacture generally do.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading Though, from having to take workmen away from other manufactures, and to engage them to learn his own, he gave higher wages than any of his neighbours, his profits were also very great, as his article bore a high price in the market, in the way that new articles of convenient manufacture generally do.

away

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Though, from having to take workmen away from other manufactures, and to engage them to learn his own, he gave higher wages than any of his neighbours, his profits were also very great, as his article bore a high price in the market, in the way that new articles of convenient manufacture generally do.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading If profits may be said (as they are by some said) to be as much the reward of labour as wages,—that is, the reward of present superintendence, and of the labour out of which arose the capital employed, it is certain that this first rich member of the Waldie family reaped as large a proportionate reward as his workmen; for long after their wages and his profits were lowered by his silk stuffs becoming more common, and the difficulty of getting workmen being less, he continued to grow rich from his having more capital to employ in bringing him profits.

becoming

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading If profits may be said (as they are by some said) to be as much the reward of labour as wages,—that is, the reward of present superintendence, and of the labour out of which arose the capital employed, it is certain that this first rich member of the Waldie family reaped as large a proportionate reward as his workmen; for long after their wages and his profits were lowered by his silk stuffs becoming more common, and the difficulty of getting workmen being less, he continued to grow rich from his having more capital to employ in bringing him profits.

beingauxiliary verbUS /ˈbiːɪŋ/

the -ing form of “be”

From this reading If profits may be said (as they are by some said) to be as much the reward of labour as wages,—that is, the reward of present superintendence, and of the labour out of which arose the capital employed, it is certain that this first rich member of the Waldie family reaped as large a proportionate reward as his workmen; for long after their wages and his profits were lowered by his silk stuffs becoming more common, and the difficulty of getting workmen being less, he continued to grow rich from his having more capital to employ in bringing him profits.

bore

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Though, from having to take workmen away from other manufactures, and to engage them to learn his own, he gave higher wages than any of his neighbours, his profits were also very great, as his article bore a high price in the market, in the way that new articles of convenient manufacture generally do.

bringing

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading If profits may be said (as they are by some said) to be as much the reward of labour as wages,—that is, the reward of present superintendence, and of the labour out of which arose the capital employed, it is certain that this first rich member of the Waldie family reaped as large a proportionate reward as his workmen; for long after their wages and his profits were lowered by his silk stuffs becoming more common, and the difficulty of getting workmen being less, he continued to grow rich from his having more capital to employ in bringing him profits.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading The foundation of the fortunes of his family was laid by an ancestor who, a few hundred years ago, introduced a new manufacture, which he had learned abroad, into this country.

capital

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading If profits may be said (as they are by some said) to be as much the reward of labour as wages,—that is, the reward of present superintendence, and of the labour out of which arose the capital employed, it is certain that this first rich member of the Waldie family reaped as large a proportionate reward as his workmen; for long after their wages and his profits were lowered by his silk stuffs becoming more common, and the difficulty of getting workmen being less, he continued to grow rich from his having more capital to employ in bringing him profits.

certain

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading If profits may be said (as they are by some said) to be as much the reward of labour as wages,—that is, the reward of present superintendence, and of the labour out of which arose the capital employed, it is certain that this first rich member of the Waldie family reaped as large a proportionate reward as his workmen; for long after their wages and his profits were lowered by his silk stuffs becoming more common, and the difficulty of getting workmen being less, he continued to grow rich from his having more capital to employ in bringing him profits.

common

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading If profits may be said (as they are by some said) to be as much the reward of labour as wages,—that is, the reward of present superintendence, and of the labour out of which arose the capital employed, it is certain that this first rich member of the Waldie family reaped as large a proportionate reward as his workmen; for long after their wages and his profits were lowered by his silk stuffs becoming more common, and the difficulty of getting workmen being less, he continued to grow rich from his having more capital to employ in bringing him profits.

CONSEQUENCES

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading CONSEQUENCES.

continuednounUS /ˈcontinued/

a story-specific word describing an important person, object, action, or idea in this passage

From this reading If profits may be said (as they are by some said) to be as much the reward of labour as wages,—that is, the reward of present superintendence, and of the labour out of which arose the capital employed, it is certain that this first rich member of the Waldie family reaped as large a proportionate reward as his workmen; for long after their wages and his profits were lowered by his silk stuffs becoming more common, and the difficulty of getting workmen being less, he continued to grow rich from his having more capital to employ in bringing him profits.

convenient

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Though, from having to take workmen away from other manufactures, and to engage them to learn his own, he gave higher wages than any of his neighbours, his profits were also very great, as his article bore a high price in the market, in the way that new articles of convenient manufacture generally do.

country

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The foundation of the fortunes of his family was laid by an ancestor who, a few hundred years ago, introduced a new manufacture, which he had learned abroad, into this country.

desire

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Those who had educated Waldie were partly answerable for his propensity to speculation, which arose more from a restless ambition than from a desire of overgrown wealth.

difficulty

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading If profits may be said (as they are by some said) to be as much the reward of labour as wages,—that is, the reward of present superintendence, and of the labour out of which arose the capital employed, it is certain that this first rich member of the Waldie family reaped as large a proportionate reward as his workmen; for long after their wages and his profits were lowered by his silk stuffs becoming more common, and the difficulty of getting workmen being less, he continued to grow rich from his having more capital to employ in bringing him profits.

doauxiliary verbUS /duː/

used to form questions and negatives, and to give emphasis

From this reading Though, from having to take workmen away from other manufactures, and to engage them to learn his own, he gave higher wages than any of his neighbours, his profits were also very great, as his article bore a high price in the market, in the way that new articles of convenient manufacture generally do.

educated

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Those who had educated Waldie were partly answerable for his propensity to speculation, which arose more from a restless ambition than from a desire of overgrown wealth.

employ

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading If profits may be said (as they are by some said) to be as much the reward of labour as wages,—that is, the reward of present superintendence, and of the labour out of which arose the capital employed, it is certain that this first rich member of the Waldie family reaped as large a proportionate reward as his workmen; for long after their wages and his profits were lowered by his silk stuffs becoming more common, and the difficulty of getting workmen being less, he continued to grow rich from his having more capital to employ in bringing him profits.

employed

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading If profits may be said (as they are by some said) to be as much the reward of labour as wages,—that is, the reward of present superintendence, and of the labour out of which arose the capital employed, it is certain that this first rich member of the Waldie family reaped as large a proportionate reward as his workmen; for long after their wages and his profits were lowered by his silk stuffs becoming more common, and the difficulty of getting workmen being less, he continued to grow rich from his having more capital to employ in bringing him profits.

engage

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Though, from having to take workmen away from other manufactures, and to engage them to learn his own, he gave higher wages than any of his neighbours, his profits were also very great, as his article bore a high price in the market, in the way that new articles of convenient manufacture generally do.

family

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The foundation of the fortunes of his family was laid by an ancestor who, a few hundred years ago, introduced a new manufacture, which he had learned abroad, into this country.

few

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The foundation of the fortunes of his family was laid by an ancestor who, a few hundred years ago, introduced a new manufacture, which he had learned abroad, into this country.

first

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading If profits may be said (as they are by some said) to be as much the reward of labour as wages,—that is, the reward of present superintendence, and of the labour out of which arose the capital employed, it is certain that this first rich member of the Waldie family reaped as large a proportionate reward as his workmen; for long after their wages and his profits were lowered by his silk stuffs becoming more common, and the difficulty of getting workmen being less, he continued to grow rich from his having more capital to employ in bringing him profits.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading Those who had educated Waldie were partly answerable for his propensity to speculation, which arose more from a restless ambition than from a desire of overgrown wealth.

fortunes

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The foundation of the fortunes of his family was laid by an ancestor who, a few hundred years ago, introduced a new manufacture, which he had learned abroad, into this country.

foundation

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The foundation of the fortunes of his family was laid by an ancestor who, a few hundred years ago, introduced a new manufacture, which he had learned abroad, into this country.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading Those who had educated Waldie were partly answerable for his propensity to speculation, which arose more from a restless ambition than from a desire of overgrown wealth.

gave

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Though, from having to take workmen away from other manufactures, and to engage them to learn his own, he gave higher wages than any of his neighbours, his profits were also very great, as his article bore a high price in the market, in the way that new articles of convenient manufacture generally do.

generally

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Though, from having to take workmen away from other manufactures, and to engage them to learn his own, he gave higher wages than any of his neighbours, his profits were also very great, as his article bore a high price in the market, in the way that new articles of convenient manufacture generally do.

getting

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading If profits may be said (as they are by some said) to be as much the reward of labour as wages,—that is, the reward of present superintendence, and of the labour out of which arose the capital employed, it is certain that this first rich member of the Waldie family reaped as large a proportionate reward as his workmen; for long after their wages and his profits were lowered by his silk stuffs becoming more common, and the difficulty of getting workmen being less, he continued to grow rich from his having more capital to employ in bringing him profits.

great

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Though, from having to take workmen away from other manufactures, and to engage them to learn his own, he gave higher wages than any of his neighbours, his profits were also very great, as his article bore a high price in the market, in the way that new articles of convenient manufacture generally do.

grow

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading If profits may be said (as they are by some said) to be as much the reward of labour as wages,—that is, the reward of present superintendence, and of the labour out of which arose the capital employed, it is certain that this first rich member of the Waldie family reaped as large a proportionate reward as his workmen; for long after their wages and his profits were lowered by his silk stuffs becoming more common, and the difficulty of getting workmen being less, he continued to grow rich from his having more capital to employ in bringing him profits.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading Those who had educated Waldie were partly answerable for his propensity to speculation, which arose more from a restless ambition than from a desire of overgrown wealth.

havingauxiliary verbUS /ˈhævɪŋ/

the -ing form of “have”

From this reading Though, from having to take workmen away from other manufactures, and to engage them to learn his own, he gave higher wages than any of his neighbours, his profits were also very great, as his article bore a high price in the market, in the way that new articles of convenient manufacture generally do.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading The foundation of the fortunes of his family was laid by an ancestor who, a few hundred years ago, introduced a new manufacture, which he had learned abroad, into this country.

high

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Though, from having to take workmen away from other manufactures, and to engage them to learn his own, he gave higher wages than any of his neighbours, his profits were also very great, as his article bore a high price in the market, in the way that new articles of convenient manufacture generally do.

higher

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Though, from having to take workmen away from other manufactures, and to engage them to learn his own, he gave higher wages than any of his neighbours, his profits were also very great, as his article bore a high price in the market, in the way that new articles of convenient manufacture generally do.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading If profits may be said (as they are by some said) to be as much the reward of labour as wages,—that is, the reward of present superintendence, and of the labour out of which arose the capital employed, it is certain that this first rich member of the Waldie family reaped as large a proportionate reward as his workmen; for long after their wages and his profits were lowered by his silk stuffs becoming more common, and the difficulty of getting workmen being less, he continued to grow rich from his having more capital to employ in bringing him profits.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading Those who had educated Waldie were partly answerable for his propensity to speculation, which arose more from a restless ambition than from a desire of overgrown wealth.

hundred

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The foundation of the fortunes of his family was laid by an ancestor who, a few hundred years ago, introduced a new manufacture, which he had learned abroad, into this country.

IfconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading If profits may be said (as they are by some said) to be as much the reward of labour as wages,—that is, the reward of present superintendence, and of the labour out of which arose the capital employed, it is certain that this first rich member of the Waldie family reaped as large a proportionate reward as his workmen; for long after their wages and his profits were lowered by his silk stuffs becoming more common, and the difficulty of getting workmen being less, he continued to grow rich from his having more capital to employ in bringing him profits.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Though, from having to take workmen away from other manufactures, and to engage them to learn his own, he gave higher wages than any of his neighbours, his profits were also very great, as his article bore a high price in the market, in the way that new articles of convenient manufacture generally do.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading The foundation of the fortunes of his family was laid by an ancestor who, a few hundred years ago, introduced a new manufacture, which he had learned abroad, into this country.

introduced

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The foundation of the fortunes of his family was laid by an ancestor who, a few hundred years ago, introduced a new manufacture, which he had learned abroad, into this country.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading If profits may be said (as they are by some said) to be as much the reward of labour as wages,—that is, the reward of present superintendence, and of the labour out of which arose the capital employed, it is certain that this first rich member of the Waldie family reaped as large a proportionate reward as his workmen; for long after their wages and his profits were lowered by his silk stuffs becoming more common, and the difficulty of getting workmen being less, he continued to grow rich from his having more capital to employ in bringing him profits.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading If profits may be said (as they are by some said) to be as much the reward of labour as wages,—that is, the reward of present superintendence, and of the labour out of which arose the capital employed, it is certain that this first rich member of the Waldie family reaped as large a proportionate reward as his workmen; for long after their wages and his profits were lowered by his silk stuffs becoming more common, and the difficulty of getting workmen being less, he continued to grow rich from his having more capital to employ in bringing him profits.

labour

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading If profits may be said (as they are by some said) to be as much the reward of labour as wages,—that is, the reward of present superintendence, and of the labour out of which arose the capital employed, it is certain that this first rich member of the Waldie family reaped as large a proportionate reward as his workmen; for long after their wages and his profits were lowered by his silk stuffs becoming more common, and the difficulty of getting workmen being less, he continued to grow rich from his having more capital to employ in bringing him profits.

laid

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The foundation of the fortunes of his family was laid by an ancestor who, a few hundred years ago, introduced a new manufacture, which he had learned abroad, into this country.

large

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading If profits may be said (as they are by some said) to be as much the reward of labour as wages,—that is, the reward of present superintendence, and of the labour out of which arose the capital employed, it is certain that this first rich member of the Waldie family reaped as large a proportionate reward as his workmen; for long after their wages and his profits were lowered by his silk stuffs becoming more common, and the difficulty of getting workmen being less, he continued to grow rich from his having more capital to employ in bringing him profits.

learn

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Though, from having to take workmen away from other manufactures, and to engage them to learn his own, he gave higher wages than any of his neighbours, his profits were also very great, as his article bore a high price in the market, in the way that new articles of convenient manufacture generally do.

learned

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The foundation of the fortunes of his family was laid by an ancestor who, a few hundred years ago, introduced a new manufacture, which he had learned abroad, into this country.

less

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading If profits may be said (as they are by some said) to be as much the reward of labour as wages,—that is, the reward of present superintendence, and of the labour out of which arose the capital employed, it is certain that this first rich member of the Waldie family reaped as large a proportionate reward as his workmen; for long after their wages and his profits were lowered by his silk stuffs becoming more common, and the difficulty of getting workmen being less, he continued to grow rich from his having more capital to employ in bringing him profits.

long

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading If profits may be said (as they are by some said) to be as much the reward of labour as wages,—that is, the reward of present superintendence, and of the labour out of which arose the capital employed, it is certain that this first rich member of the Waldie family reaped as large a proportionate reward as his workmen; for long after their wages and his profits were lowered by his silk stuffs becoming more common, and the difficulty of getting workmen being less, he continued to grow rich from his having more capital to employ in bringing him profits.

lowered

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading If profits may be said (as they are by some said) to be as much the reward of labour as wages,—that is, the reward of present superintendence, and of the labour out of which arose the capital employed, it is certain that this first rich member of the Waldie family reaped as large a proportionate reward as his workmen; for long after their wages and his profits were lowered by his silk stuffs becoming more common, and the difficulty of getting workmen being less, he continued to grow rich from his having more capital to employ in bringing him profits.

manufacture

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The foundation of the fortunes of his family was laid by an ancestor who, a few hundred years ago, introduced a new manufacture, which he had learned abroad, into this country.

manufactures

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Though, from having to take workmen away from other manufactures, and to engage them to learn his own, he gave higher wages than any of his neighbours, his profits were also very great, as his article bore a high price in the market, in the way that new articles of convenient manufacture generally do.

market

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Though, from having to take workmen away from other manufactures, and to engage them to learn his own, he gave higher wages than any of his neighbours, his profits were also very great, as his article bore a high price in the market, in the way that new articles of convenient manufacture generally do.

maymodal verbUS /meɪ/

used to say something is possible, or to give permission

From this reading If profits may be said (as they are by some said) to be as much the reward of labour as wages,—that is, the reward of present superintendence, and of the labour out of which arose the capital employed, it is certain that this first rich member of the Waldie family reaped as large a proportionate reward as his workmen; for long after their wages and his profits were lowered by his silk stuffs becoming more common, and the difficulty of getting workmen being less, he continued to grow rich from his having more capital to employ in bringing him profits.

member

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading If profits may be said (as they are by some said) to be as much the reward of labour as wages,—that is, the reward of present superintendence, and of the labour out of which arose the capital employed, it is certain that this first rich member of the Waldie family reaped as large a proportionate reward as his workmen; for long after their wages and his profits were lowered by his silk stuffs becoming more common, and the difficulty of getting workmen being less, he continued to grow rich from his having more capital to employ in bringing him profits.

more

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From this reading Those who had educated Waldie were partly answerable for his propensity to speculation, which arose more from a restless ambition than from a desire of overgrown wealth.

much

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading If profits may be said (as they are by some said) to be as much the reward of labour as wages,—that is, the reward of present superintendence, and of the labour out of which arose the capital employed, it is certain that this first rich member of the Waldie family reaped as large a proportionate reward as his workmen; for long after their wages and his profits were lowered by his silk stuffs becoming more common, and the difficulty of getting workmen being less, he continued to grow rich from his having more capital to employ in bringing him profits.

neighbours

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Though, from having to take workmen away from other manufactures, and to engage them to learn his own, he gave higher wages than any of his neighbours, his profits were also very great, as his article bore a high price in the market, in the way that new articles of convenient manufacture generally do.

new

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The foundation of the fortunes of his family was laid by an ancestor who, a few hundred years ago, introduced a new manufacture, which he had learned abroad, into this country.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Those who had educated Waldie were partly answerable for his propensity to speculation, which arose more from a restless ambition than from a desire of overgrown wealth.

other

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Though, from having to take workmen away from other manufactures, and to engage them to learn his own, he gave higher wages than any of his neighbours, his profits were also very great, as his article bore a high price in the market, in the way that new articles of convenient manufacture generally do.

out

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading If profits may be said (as they are by some said) to be as much the reward of labour as wages,—that is, the reward of present superintendence, and of the labour out of which arose the capital employed, it is certain that this first rich member of the Waldie family reaped as large a proportionate reward as his workmen; for long after their wages and his profits were lowered by his silk stuffs becoming more common, and the difficulty of getting workmen being less, he continued to grow rich from his having more capital to employ in bringing him profits.

overgrown

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Those who had educated Waldie were partly answerable for his propensity to speculation, which arose more from a restless ambition than from a desire of overgrown wealth.

own

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Though, from having to take workmen away from other manufactures, and to engage them to learn his own, he gave higher wages than any of his neighbours, his profits were also very great, as his article bore a high price in the market, in the way that new articles of convenient manufacture generally do.

partly

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Those who had educated Waldie were partly answerable for his propensity to speculation, which arose more from a restless ambition than from a desire of overgrown wealth.

present

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading If profits may be said (as they are by some said) to be as much the reward of labour as wages,—that is, the reward of present superintendence, and of the labour out of which arose the capital employed, it is certain that this first rich member of the Waldie family reaped as large a proportionate reward as his workmen; for long after their wages and his profits were lowered by his silk stuffs becoming more common, and the difficulty of getting workmen being less, he continued to grow rich from his having more capital to employ in bringing him profits.

price

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Though, from having to take workmen away from other manufactures, and to engage them to learn his own, he gave higher wages than any of his neighbours, his profits were also very great, as his article bore a high price in the market, in the way that new articles of convenient manufacture generally do.

profits

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Though, from having to take workmen away from other manufactures, and to engage them to learn his own, he gave higher wages than any of his neighbours, his profits were also very great, as his article bore a high price in the market, in the way that new articles of convenient manufacture generally do.

propensity

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Those who had educated Waldie were partly answerable for his propensity to speculation, which arose more from a restless ambition than from a desire of overgrown wealth.

proportionate

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading If profits may be said (as they are by some said) to be as much the reward of labour as wages,—that is, the reward of present superintendence, and of the labour out of which arose the capital employed, it is certain that this first rich member of the Waldie family reaped as large a proportionate reward as his workmen; for long after their wages and his profits were lowered by his silk stuffs becoming more common, and the difficulty of getting workmen being less, he continued to grow rich from his having more capital to employ in bringing him profits.

reaped

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading If profits may be said (as they are by some said) to be as much the reward of labour as wages,—that is, the reward of present superintendence, and of the labour out of which arose the capital employed, it is certain that this first rich member of the Waldie family reaped as large a proportionate reward as his workmen; for long after their wages and his profits were lowered by his silk stuffs becoming more common, and the difficulty of getting workmen being less, he continued to grow rich from his having more capital to employ in bringing him profits.

restless

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Those who had educated Waldie were partly answerable for his propensity to speculation, which arose more from a restless ambition than from a desire of overgrown wealth.

reward

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading If profits may be said (as they are by some said) to be as much the reward of labour as wages,—that is, the reward of present superintendence, and of the labour out of which arose the capital employed, it is certain that this first rich member of the Waldie family reaped as large a proportionate reward as his workmen; for long after their wages and his profits were lowered by his silk stuffs becoming more common, and the difficulty of getting workmen being less, he continued to grow rich from his having more capital to employ in bringing him profits.

rich

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading If profits may be said (as they are by some said) to be as much the reward of labour as wages,—that is, the reward of present superintendence, and of the labour out of which arose the capital employed, it is certain that this first rich member of the Waldie family reaped as large a proportionate reward as his workmen; for long after their wages and his profits were lowered by his silk stuffs becoming more common, and the difficulty of getting workmen being less, he continued to grow rich from his having more capital to employ in bringing him profits.

said

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading If profits may be said (as they are by some said) to be as much the reward of labour as wages,—that is, the reward of present superintendence, and of the labour out of which arose the capital employed, it is certain that this first rich member of the Waldie family reaped as large a proportionate reward as his workmen; for long after their wages and his profits were lowered by his silk stuffs becoming more common, and the difficulty of getting workmen being less, he continued to grow rich from his having more capital to employ in bringing him profits.

silk

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading If profits may be said (as they are by some said) to be as much the reward of labour as wages,—that is, the reward of present superintendence, and of the labour out of which arose the capital employed, it is certain that this first rich member of the Waldie family reaped as large a proportionate reward as his workmen; for long after their wages and his profits were lowered by his silk stuffs becoming more common, and the difficulty of getting workmen being less, he continued to grow rich from his having more capital to employ in bringing him profits.

some

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading If profits may be said (as they are by some said) to be as much the reward of labour as wages,—that is, the reward of present superintendence, and of the labour out of which arose the capital employed, it is certain that this first rich member of the Waldie family reaped as large a proportionate reward as his workmen; for long after their wages and his profits were lowered by his silk stuffs becoming more common, and the difficulty of getting workmen being less, he continued to grow rich from his having more capital to employ in bringing him profits.

speculation

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Those who had educated Waldie were partly answerable for his propensity to speculation, which arose more from a restless ambition than from a desire of overgrown wealth.

stuffs

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading If profits may be said (as they are by some said) to be as much the reward of labour as wages,—that is, the reward of present superintendence, and of the labour out of which arose the capital employed, it is certain that this first rich member of the Waldie family reaped as large a proportionate reward as his workmen; for long after their wages and his profits were lowered by his silk stuffs becoming more common, and the difficulty of getting workmen being less, he continued to grow rich from his having more capital to employ in bringing him profits.

superintendence

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading If profits may be said (as they are by some said) to be as much the reward of labour as wages,—that is, the reward of present superintendence, and of the labour out of which arose the capital employed, it is certain that this first rich member of the Waldie family reaped as large a proportionate reward as his workmen; for long after their wages and his profits were lowered by his silk stuffs becoming more common, and the difficulty of getting workmen being less, he continued to grow rich from his having more capital to employ in bringing him profits.

take

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Though, from having to take workmen away from other manufactures, and to engage them to learn his own, he gave higher wages than any of his neighbours, his profits were also very great, as his article bore a high price in the market, in the way that new articles of convenient manufacture generally do.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading Those who had educated Waldie were partly answerable for his propensity to speculation, which arose more from a restless ambition than from a desire of overgrown wealth.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading Though, from having to take workmen away from other manufactures, and to engage them to learn his own, he gave higher wages than any of his neighbours, his profits were also very great, as his article bore a high price in the market, in the way that new articles of convenient manufacture generally do.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading The foundation of the fortunes of his family was laid by an ancestor who, a few hundred years ago, introduced a new manufacture, which he had learned abroad, into this country.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading If profits may be said (as they are by some said) to be as much the reward of labour as wages,—that is, the reward of present superintendence, and of the labour out of which arose the capital employed, it is certain that this first rich member of the Waldie family reaped as large a proportionate reward as his workmen; for long after their wages and his profits were lowered by his silk stuffs becoming more common, and the difficulty of getting workmen being less, he continued to grow rich from his having more capital to employ in bringing him profits.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading Though, from having to take workmen away from other manufactures, and to engage them to learn his own, he gave higher wages than any of his neighbours, his profits were also very great, as his article bore a high price in the market, in the way that new articles of convenient manufacture generally do.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading If profits may be said (as they are by some said) to be as much the reward of labour as wages,—that is, the reward of present superintendence, and of the labour out of which arose the capital employed, it is certain that this first rich member of the Waldie family reaped as large a proportionate reward as his workmen; for long after their wages and his profits were lowered by his silk stuffs becoming more common, and the difficulty of getting workmen being less, he continued to grow rich from his having more capital to employ in bringing him profits.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading The foundation of the fortunes of his family was laid by an ancestor who, a few hundred years ago, introduced a new manufacture, which he had learned abroad, into this country.

ThosedeterminerUS /ðoʊz/

the plural of “that”: the people or things further away, or already known

From this reading Those who had educated Waldie were partly answerable for his propensity to speculation, which arose more from a restless ambition than from a desire of overgrown wealth.

ThoughconjunctionUS /ðoʊ/

in spite of the fact that

From this reading Though, from having to take workmen away from other manufactures, and to engage them to learn his own, he gave higher wages than any of his neighbours, his profits were also very great, as his article bore a high price in the market, in the way that new articles of convenient manufacture generally do.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Those who had educated Waldie were partly answerable for his propensity to speculation, which arose more from a restless ambition than from a desire of overgrown wealth.

very

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Though, from having to take workmen away from other manufactures, and to engage them to learn his own, he gave higher wages than any of his neighbours, his profits were also very great, as his article bore a high price in the market, in the way that new articles of convenient manufacture generally do.

wagesplural nounUS /ˈweɪdʒɪz/

money or a reward earned for work

From this reading Though, from having to take workmen away from other manufactures, and to engage them to learn his own, he gave higher wages than any of his neighbours, his profits were also very great, as his article bore a high price in the market, in the way that new articles of convenient manufacture generally do.

Waldie

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Those who had educated Waldie were partly answerable for his propensity to speculation, which arose more from a restless ambition than from a desire of overgrown wealth.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The foundation of the fortunes of his family was laid by an ancestor who, a few hundred years ago, introduced a new manufacture, which he had learned abroad, into this country.

way

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Though, from having to take workmen away from other manufactures, and to engage them to learn his own, he gave higher wages than any of his neighbours, his profits were also very great, as his article bore a high price in the market, in the way that new articles of convenient manufacture generally do.

wealth

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Those who had educated Waldie were partly answerable for his propensity to speculation, which arose more from a restless ambition than from a desire of overgrown wealth.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Those who had educated Waldie were partly answerable for his propensity to speculation, which arose more from a restless ambition than from a desire of overgrown wealth.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading Those who had educated Waldie were partly answerable for his propensity to speculation, which arose more from a restless ambition than from a desire of overgrown wealth.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading Those who had educated Waldie were partly answerable for his propensity to speculation, which arose more from a restless ambition than from a desire of overgrown wealth.

workmen

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Though, from having to take workmen away from other manufactures, and to engage them to learn his own, he gave higher wages than any of his neighbours, his profits were also very great, as his article bore a high price in the market, in the way that new articles of convenient manufacture generally do.

years

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The foundation of the fortunes of his family was laid by an ancestor who, a few hundred years ago, introduced a new manufacture, which he had learned abroad, into this country.