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Illustrations of political economy, Volume 6 (of 9)
Illustrations of political economy, Volume 6 (of 9)

Chapter IV · Family Arrangements

Chapter IV of Illustrations of political economy, Volume 6 (of 9), “Family Arrangements,” is here in full — 120 sentences across 24 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/24 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
All circumstances seemed to favour Heins's wish of trying what he could do to surpass his father in the matter of commercial success.
His partner--the most irksome check upon his enterprises,--was this year chosen one of the four reigning burgomasters; and it was impossible that Vanderput should give as much attention as usual to his private business, while engaged by his public office.
From the presence of his mother, Heins was also to be soon released; a presence which imposed some degree of restraint on his projects, though Mrs. Snoek thought no more than the other women of Amsterdam of interfering in those commercial affairs of which they were supposed incompetent to judge.
This prudent lady found her worldly circumstances so much altered by the death of her husband, that she thought a considerable difference in her way of life desirable; though it was impossible to affirm such a change to be necessary.
It was not enough to satisfy her that she and her younger children had an abundant capital, (partly invested in country estates, and partly deposited in the Bank of Amsterdam,) besides that which remained in the hands of the firm.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Illustrations of political economy, Volume 6 (of 9)

Chapter IV · Family Arrangements

Chapter IV of Illustrations of political economy, Volume 6 (of 9), “Family Arrangements,” is here in full — 120 sentences across 24 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/24 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
All circumstances seemed to favour Heins's wish of trying what he could do to surpass his father in the matter of commercial success.
Line 2
His partner--the most irksome check upon his enterprises,--was this year chosen one of the four reigning burgomasters; and it was impossible that Vanderput should give as much attention as usual to his private business, while engaged by his public office.
Line 3
From the presence of his mother, Heins was also to be soon released; a presence which imposed some degree of restraint on his projects, though Mrs. Snoek thought no more than the other women of Amsterdam of interfering in those commercial affairs of which they were supposed incompetent to judge.
Line 4
This prudent lady found her worldly circumstances so much altered by the death of her husband, that she thought a considerable difference in her way of life desirable; though it was impossible to affirm such a change to be necessary.
/ðɪs ˈpruːdənt ˈleɪdi faʊnd hɜːr ˈwɜːrldli ˈsɜːrkəmstænsəz soʊ mʌtʃ ˈɔːltərd baɪ ðə deθ ʌv hɜːr ˈhʌzbənd ðæt ʃiː θɔːt ə kənˈsɪdərəbəl ˈdɪfərəns ɪn hɜːr weɪ ʌv laɪf dɪˈzaɪrəbəl ðoʊ ɪt wɑːz ˌɪmˈpɑːsəbəl tuː əˈfɜːrm sʌtʃ ə tʃeɪndʒ tuː biː ˈnesəseri/
Line 5
It was not enough to satisfy her that she and her younger children had an abundant capital, (partly invested in country estates, and partly deposited in the Bank of Amsterdam,) besides that which remained in the hands of the firm.
/ɪt wɑːz nɑːt ɪˈnʌf tuː ˈsætəsfaɪ hɜːr ðæt ʃiː ənd hɜːr ˈjʌŋɡər ˈtʃɪldrən hæd æn əˈbʌndənt ˈkæpətəl ˈpɑːrtli ˌɪnˈvestəd ɪn ˈkʌntri ɪˈsteɪts ənd ˈpɑːrtli dəˈpɑːzɪtɪd ɪn ðə bæŋk ʌv ˈæmstərdæm bɪˈsaɪdz ðæt wɪtʃ rɪˈmeɪnd ɪn ðə hændz ʌv ðə fɜːrm/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

affirm verb US /əˈfɜːrm/

establish or strengthen as with new evidence or facts

From this reading “This prudent lady found her worldly circumstances so much altered by the death of her husband, that she thought a considerable difference in her way of life desirable; though it was impossible to affirm such a change to be necessary.”

Amsterdam noun US /ˈæmstərdæm/

an industrial center and the nominal capital of the Netherlands; center of the diamond-cutting industry; seat of an important stock exchange; known for its canals and art museum

From this reading “From the presence of his mother, Heins was also to be soon released; a presence which imposed some degree of restraint on his projects, though Mrs. Snoek thought no more than the other women of Amsterdam of interfering in those commercial affairs of which they were supposed incompetent to judge.”

burgomasters noun US /ˈbɜːrɡəmæstərz/

plural of “burgomaster” — a mayor of a municipality in Germany or Holland or Flanders or Austria

From this reading “His partner--the most irksome check upon his enterprises,--was this year chosen one of the four reigning burgomasters; and it was impossible that Vanderput should give as much attention as usual to his private business, while engaged by his public office.”

enterprises noun US /ˈentərpraɪzɪz/

plural of “enterprise” — a purposeful or industrious undertaking (especially one that requires effort or boldness)

From this reading “His partner--the most irksome check upon his enterprises,--was this year chosen one of the four reigning burgomasters; and it was impossible that Vanderput should give as much attention as usual to his private business, while engaged by his public office.”

incompetent noun US /ˌɪnˈkɑːmpətənt/

someone who is not competent to take effective action

From this reading “From the presence of his mother, Heins was also to be soon released; a presence which imposed some degree of restraint on his projects, though Mrs. Snoek thought no more than the other women of Amsterdam of interfering in those commercial affairs of which they were supposed incompetent to judge.”

irksome adjective US /ˈɜːrksəm/

so lacking in interest as to cause mental weariness

From this reading “His partner--the most irksome check upon his enterprises,--was this year chosen one of the four reigning burgomasters; and it was impossible that Vanderput should give as much attention as usual to his private business, while engaged by his public office.”

reigning adjective US /ˈreɪnɪŋ/

exercising power or authority

From this reading “His partner--the most irksome check upon his enterprises,--was this year chosen one of the four reigning burgomasters; and it was impossible that Vanderput should give as much attention as usual to his private business, while engaged by his public office.”

surpass verb US /sərˈpæs/

distinguish oneself

From this reading “All circumstances seemed to favour Heins's wish of trying what he could do to surpass his father in the matter of commercial success.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

considerable difference adjective + noun

In this reading “This prudent lady found her worldly circumstances so much altered by the death of her husband, that she thought a considerable difference in her way of life desirable; though it was impossible to affirm such a change to be necessary.”

some degree adjective + noun

In this reading “From the presence of his mother, Heins was also to be soon released; a presence which imposed some degree of restraint on his projects, though Mrs. Snoek thought no more than the other women of Amsterdam of interfering in those commercial affairs of which they were supposed incompetent to judge.”

public office noun + noun

a position concerning the people as a whole

In this reading “His partner--the most irksome check upon his enterprises,--was this year chosen one of the four reigning burgomasters; and it was impossible that Vanderput should give as much attention as usual to his private business, while engaged by his public office.”

private business adjective + noun

In this reading “His partner--the most irksome check upon his enterprises,--was this year chosen one of the four reigning burgomasters; and it was impossible that Vanderput should give as much attention as usual to his private business, while engaged by his public office.”

younger children adjective + noun counted as “younger child”

In this reading “It was not enough to satisfy her that she and her younger children had an abundant capital, (partly invested in country estates, and partly deposited in the Bank of Amsterdam,) besides that which remained in the hands of the firm.”

much altered adverb + adjective

In this reading “This prudent lady found her worldly circumstances so much altered by the death of her husband, that she thought a considerable difference in her way of life desirable; though it was impossible to affirm such a change to be necessary.”

other women adjective + noun counted as “other woman”

In this reading “From the presence of his mother, Heins was also to be soon released; a presence which imposed some degree of restraint on his projects, though Mrs. Snoek thought no more than the other women of Amsterdam of interfering in those commercial affairs of which they were supposed incompetent to judge.”

invested in verb + particle counted as “invest in”

In this reading “It was not enough to satisfy her that she and her younger children had an abundant capital, (partly invested in country estates, and partly deposited in the Bank of Amsterdam,) besides that which remained in the hands of the firm.”

All words in this reading · 125

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading From the presence of his mother, Heins was also to be soon released; a presence which imposed some degree of restraint on his projects, though Mrs. Snoek thought no more than the other women of Amsterdam of interfering in those commercial affairs of which they were supposed incompetent to judge.

abundantadjectiveUS /əˈbʌndənt/

present in great quantity

From this reading It was not enough to satisfy her that she and her younger children had an abundant capital, (partly invested in country estates, and partly deposited in the Bank of Amsterdam,) besides that which remained in the hands of the firm.

affairsnounUS /əˈferz/

matters of personal concern

From this reading From the presence of his mother, Heins was also to be soon released; a presence which imposed some degree of restraint on his projects, though Mrs. Snoek thought no more than the other women of Amsterdam of interfering in those commercial affairs of which they were supposed incompetent to judge.

affirmverbUS /əˈfɜːrm/

establish or strengthen as with new evidence or facts

From this reading This prudent lady found her worldly circumstances so much altered by the death of her husband, that she thought a considerable difference in her way of life desirable; though it was impossible to affirm such a change to be necessary.

AlladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading All circumstances seemed to favour Heins's wish of trying what he could do to surpass his father in the matter of commercial success.

alsoadverbUS /ˈɔːlsoʊ/

in addition

From this reading From the presence of his mother, Heins was also to be soon released; a presence which imposed some degree of restraint on his projects, though Mrs. Snoek thought no more than the other women of Amsterdam of interfering in those commercial affairs of which they were supposed incompetent to judge.

alteredadjectiveUS /ˈɔːltərd/

changed in form or character without becoming something else

From this reading This prudent lady found her worldly circumstances so much altered by the death of her husband, that she thought a considerable difference in her way of life desirable; though it was impossible to affirm such a change to be necessary.

AmsterdamnounUS /ˈæmstərdæm/

an industrial center and the nominal capital of the Netherlands; center of the diamond-cutting industry; seat of an important stock exchange; known for its canals and art museum

From this reading From the presence of his mother, Heins was also to be soon released; a presence which imposed some degree of restraint on his projects, though Mrs. Snoek thought no more than the other women of Amsterdam of interfering in those commercial affairs of which they were supposed incompetent to judge.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading It was not enough to satisfy her that she and her younger children had an abundant capital, (partly invested in country estates, and partly deposited in the Bank of Amsterdam,) besides that which remained in the hands of the firm.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading His partner--the most irksome check upon his enterprises,--was this year chosen one of the four reigning burgomasters; and it was impossible that Vanderput should give as much attention as usual to his private business, while engaged by his public office.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading His partner--the most irksome check upon his enterprises,--was this year chosen one of the four reigning burgomasters; and it was impossible that Vanderput should give as much attention as usual to his private business, while engaged by his public office.

attentionnounUS /əˈtenʃən/

the process whereby a person concentrates on some features of the environment to the (relative) exclusion of others

From this reading His partner--the most irksome check upon his enterprises,--was this year chosen one of the four reigning burgomasters; and it was impossible that Vanderput should give as much attention as usual to his private business, while engaged by his public office.

BanknounUS /bæŋk/

sloping land (especially the slope beside a body of water)

From this reading It was not enough to satisfy her that she and her younger children had an abundant capital, (partly invested in country estates, and partly deposited in the Bank of Amsterdam,) besides that which remained in the hands of the firm.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading From the presence of his mother, Heins was also to be soon released; a presence which imposed some degree of restraint on his projects, though Mrs. Snoek thought no more than the other women of Amsterdam of interfering in those commercial affairs of which they were supposed incompetent to judge.

besidesprepositionUS /bɪˈsaɪdz/

in addition to; as well as

From this reading It was not enough to satisfy her that she and her younger children had an abundant capital, (partly invested in country estates, and partly deposited in the Bank of Amsterdam,) besides that which remained in the hands of the firm.

burgomastersnounUS /ˈbɜːrɡəmæstərz/

plural of “burgomaster” — a mayor of a municipality in Germany or Holland or Flanders or Austria

From this reading His partner--the most irksome check upon his enterprises,--was this year chosen one of the four reigning burgomasters; and it was impossible that Vanderput should give as much attention as usual to his private business, while engaged by his public office.

businessnounUS /ˈbɪznəs/

a commercial or industrial enterprise and the people who constitute it

From this reading His partner--the most irksome check upon his enterprises,--was this year chosen one of the four reigning burgomasters; and it was impossible that Vanderput should give as much attention as usual to his private business, while engaged by his public office.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading His partner--the most irksome check upon his enterprises,--was this year chosen one of the four reigning burgomasters; and it was impossible that Vanderput should give as much attention as usual to his private business, while engaged by his public office.

capitalnounUS /ˈkæpətəl/

assets available for use in the production of further assets

From this reading It was not enough to satisfy her that she and her younger children had an abundant capital, (partly invested in country estates, and partly deposited in the Bank of Amsterdam,) besides that which remained in the hands of the firm.

changeverbUS /tʃeɪndʒ/

cause to change; make different; cause a transformation

From this reading This prudent lady found her worldly circumstances so much altered by the death of her husband, that she thought a considerable difference in her way of life desirable; though it was impossible to affirm such a change to be necessary.

checkverbUS /tʃek/

examine so as to determine accuracy, quality, or condition

From this reading His partner--the most irksome check upon his enterprises,--was this year chosen one of the four reigning burgomasters; and it was impossible that Vanderput should give as much attention as usual to his private business, while engaged by his public office.

childrennounUS /ˈtʃɪldrən/

plural of “child” — a young person of either sex

From this reading It was not enough to satisfy her that she and her younger children had an abundant capital, (partly invested in country estates, and partly deposited in the Bank of Amsterdam,) besides that which remained in the hands of the firm.

chosennounUS /ˈtʃoʊzən/

one who is the object of choice; who is given preference

From this reading His partner--the most irksome check upon his enterprises,--was this year chosen one of the four reigning burgomasters; and it was impossible that Vanderput should give as much attention as usual to his private business, while engaged by his public office.

circumstancesnounUS /ˈsɜːrkəmstænsəz/

your overall circumstances or condition in life (including everything that happens to you)

From this reading All circumstances seemed to favour Heins's wish of trying what he could do to surpass his father in the matter of commercial success.

commercialadjectiveUS /kəˈmɜːrʃəl/

connected with or engaged in or sponsored by or used in commerce or commercial enterprises

From this reading All circumstances seemed to favour Heins's wish of trying what he could do to surpass his father in the matter of commercial success.

considerableadjectiveUS /kənˈsɪdərəbəl/

large or relatively large in number or amount or extent or degree

From this reading This prudent lady found her worldly circumstances so much altered by the death of her husband, that she thought a considerable difference in her way of life desirable; though it was impossible to affirm such a change to be necessary.

couldmodal verbUS /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading All circumstances seemed to favour Heins's wish of trying what he could do to surpass his father in the matter of commercial success.

countrynounUS /ˈkʌntri/

a politically organized body of people under a single government

From this reading It was not enough to satisfy her that she and her younger children had an abundant capital, (partly invested in country estates, and partly deposited in the Bank of Amsterdam,) besides that which remained in the hands of the firm.

deathnounUS /deθ/

the event of dying or departure from life

From this reading This prudent lady found her worldly circumstances so much altered by the death of her husband, that she thought a considerable difference in her way of life desirable; though it was impossible to affirm such a change to be necessary.

degreenounUS /dɪˈɡriː/

a position on a scale of intensity or amount or quality

From this reading From the presence of his mother, Heins was also to be soon released; a presence which imposed some degree of restraint on his projects, though Mrs. Snoek thought no more than the other women of Amsterdam of interfering in those commercial affairs of which they were supposed incompetent to judge.

depositedverbUS /dəˈpɑːzɪtɪd/

past form of “deposit” — put, fix, force, or implant

From this reading It was not enough to satisfy her that she and her younger children had an abundant capital, (partly invested in country estates, and partly deposited in the Bank of Amsterdam,) besides that which remained in the hands of the firm.

desirableadjectiveUS /dɪˈzaɪrəbəl/

worth having or seeking or achieving

From this reading This prudent lady found her worldly circumstances so much altered by the death of her husband, that she thought a considerable difference in her way of life desirable; though it was impossible to affirm such a change to be necessary.

differencenounUS /ˈdɪfərəns/

the quality of being unlike or dissimilar

From this reading This prudent lady found her worldly circumstances so much altered by the death of her husband, that she thought a considerable difference in her way of life desirable; though it was impossible to affirm such a change to be necessary.

doauxiliary verbUS /duː/

used to form questions and negatives, and to give emphasis

From this reading All circumstances seemed to favour Heins's wish of trying what he could do to surpass his father in the matter of commercial success.

engagedadjectiveUS /enˈɡeɪdʒd/

having ones attention or mind or energy engaged

From this reading His partner--the most irksome check upon his enterprises,--was this year chosen one of the four reigning burgomasters; and it was impossible that Vanderput should give as much attention as usual to his private business, while engaged by his public office.

enoughnounUS /ɪˈnʌf/

an adequate quantity; a quantity that is large enough to achieve a purpose

From this reading It was not enough to satisfy her that she and her younger children had an abundant capital, (partly invested in country estates, and partly deposited in the Bank of Amsterdam,) besides that which remained in the hands of the firm.

enterprisesnounUS /ˈentərpraɪzɪz/

plural of “enterprise” — a purposeful or industrious undertaking (especially one that requires effort or boldness)

From this reading His partner--the most irksome check upon his enterprises,--was this year chosen one of the four reigning burgomasters; and it was impossible that Vanderput should give as much attention as usual to his private business, while engaged by his public office.

estatesnounUS /ɪˈsteɪts/

plural of “estate” — everything you own; all of your assets (whether real property or personal property) and liabilities

From this reading It was not enough to satisfy her that she and her younger children had an abundant capital, (partly invested in country estates, and partly deposited in the Bank of Amsterdam,) besides that which remained in the hands of the firm.

fathernounUS /ˈfɑːðər/

a male parent (also used as a term of address to your father)

From this reading All circumstances seemed to favour Heins's wish of trying what he could do to surpass his father in the matter of commercial success.

favournounUS /ˈfeɪvər/

a feeling of favorable regard

From this reading All circumstances seemed to favour Heins's wish of trying what he could do to surpass his father in the matter of commercial success.

firmadjectiveUS /fɜːrm/

marked by firm determination or resolution; not shakable

From this reading It was not enough to satisfy her that she and her younger children had an abundant capital, (partly invested in country estates, and partly deposited in the Bank of Amsterdam,) besides that which remained in the hands of the firm.

foundverbUS /faʊnd/

set up or found

From this reading This prudent lady found her worldly circumstances so much altered by the death of her husband, that she thought a considerable difference in her way of life desirable; though it was impossible to affirm such a change to be necessary.

fournounUS /fɔːr/

the cardinal number that is the sum of three and one

From this reading His partner--the most irksome check upon his enterprises,--was this year chosen one of the four reigning burgomasters; and it was impossible that Vanderput should give as much attention as usual to his private business, while engaged by his public office.

FromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading From the presence of his mother, Heins was also to be soon released; a presence which imposed some degree of restraint on his projects, though Mrs. Snoek thought no more than the other women of Amsterdam of interfering in those commercial affairs of which they were supposed incompetent to judge.

giveverbUS /ɡɪv/

cause to have, in the abstract sense or physical sense

From this reading His partner--the most irksome check upon his enterprises,--was this year chosen one of the four reigning burgomasters; and it was impossible that Vanderput should give as much attention as usual to his private business, while engaged by his public office.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading It was not enough to satisfy her that she and her younger children had an abundant capital, (partly invested in country estates, and partly deposited in the Bank of Amsterdam,) besides that which remained in the hands of the firm.

handsnounUS /hændz/

(with “in”) guardianship over; in divorce cases it is the right to house and care for and discipline a child

From this reading It was not enough to satisfy her that she and her younger children had an abundant capital, (partly invested in country estates, and partly deposited in the Bank of Amsterdam,) besides that which remained in the hands of the firm.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading All circumstances seemed to favour Heins's wish of trying what he could do to surpass his father in the matter of commercial success.

Heins

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading From the presence of his mother, Heins was also to be soon released; a presence which imposed some degree of restraint on his projects, though Mrs. Snoek thought no more than the other women of Amsterdam of interfering in those commercial affairs of which they were supposed incompetent to judge.

Heins's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading All circumstances seemed to favour Heins's wish of trying what he could do to surpass his father in the matter of commercial success.

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading This prudent lady found her worldly circumstances so much altered by the death of her husband, that she thought a considerable difference in her way of life desirable; though it was impossible to affirm such a change to be necessary.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading All circumstances seemed to favour Heins's wish of trying what he could do to surpass his father in the matter of commercial success.

husbandnounUS /ˈhʌzbənd/

a married man; a woman's partner in marriage

From this reading This prudent lady found her worldly circumstances so much altered by the death of her husband, that she thought a considerable difference in her way of life desirable; though it was impossible to affirm such a change to be necessary.

imposedadjectiveUS /ˌɪmˈpoʊzd/

set forth authoritatively as obligatory

From this reading From the presence of his mother, Heins was also to be soon released; a presence which imposed some degree of restraint on his projects, though Mrs. Snoek thought no more than the other women of Amsterdam of interfering in those commercial affairs of which they were supposed incompetent to judge.

impossibleadjectiveUS /ˌɪmˈpɑːsəbəl/

not capable of occurring or being accomplished or dealt with

From this reading His partner--the most irksome check upon his enterprises,--was this year chosen one of the four reigning burgomasters; and it was impossible that Vanderput should give as much attention as usual to his private business, while engaged by his public office.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading All circumstances seemed to favour Heins's wish of trying what he could do to surpass his father in the matter of commercial success.

incompetentnounUS /ˌɪnˈkɑːmpətənt/

someone who is not competent to take effective action

From this reading From the presence of his mother, Heins was also to be soon released; a presence which imposed some degree of restraint on his projects, though Mrs. Snoek thought no more than the other women of Amsterdam of interfering in those commercial affairs of which they were supposed incompetent to judge.

interferingadjectiveUS /ˌɪntərˈfɪrɪŋ/

intrusive in a meddling or offensive manner

From this reading From the presence of his mother, Heins was also to be soon released; a presence which imposed some degree of restraint on his projects, though Mrs. Snoek thought no more than the other women of Amsterdam of interfering in those commercial affairs of which they were supposed incompetent to judge.

investedverbUS /ˌɪnˈvestəd/

past form of “invest” — make an investment

From this reading It was not enough to satisfy her that she and her younger children had an abundant capital, (partly invested in country estates, and partly deposited in the Bank of Amsterdam,) besides that which remained in the hands of the firm.

irksomeadjectiveUS /ˈɜːrksəm/

so lacking in interest as to cause mental weariness

From this reading His partner--the most irksome check upon his enterprises,--was this year chosen one of the four reigning burgomasters; and it was impossible that Vanderput should give as much attention as usual to his private business, while engaged by his public office.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading His partner--the most irksome check upon his enterprises,--was this year chosen one of the four reigning burgomasters; and it was impossible that Vanderput should give as much attention as usual to his private business, while engaged by his public office.

judgeverbUS /dʒʌdʒ/

determine the result of (a competition)

From this reading From the presence of his mother, Heins was also to be soon released; a presence which imposed some degree of restraint on his projects, though Mrs. Snoek thought no more than the other women of Amsterdam of interfering in those commercial affairs of which they were supposed incompetent to judge.

ladynounUS /ˈleɪdi/

a polite name for any woman

From this reading This prudent lady found her worldly circumstances so much altered by the death of her husband, that she thought a considerable difference in her way of life desirable; though it was impossible to affirm such a change to be necessary.

lifenounUS /laɪf/

a characteristic state or mode of living

From this reading This prudent lady found her worldly circumstances so much altered by the death of her husband, that she thought a considerable difference in her way of life desirable; though it was impossible to affirm such a change to be necessary.

matternounUS /ˈmætər/

a vaguely specified concern

From this reading All circumstances seemed to favour Heins's wish of trying what he could do to surpass his father in the matter of commercial success.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading From the presence of his mother, Heins was also to be soon released; a presence which imposed some degree of restraint on his projects, though Mrs. Snoek thought no more than the other women of Amsterdam of interfering in those commercial affairs of which they were supposed incompetent to judge.

mostadverbUS /moʊst/

used to form the superlative

From this reading His partner--the most irksome check upon his enterprises,--was this year chosen one of the four reigning burgomasters; and it was impossible that Vanderput should give as much attention as usual to his private business, while engaged by his public office.

mothernounUS /ˈmʌðər/

a woman who has given birth to a child (also used as a term of address to your mother)

From this reading From the presence of his mother, Heins was also to be soon released; a presence which imposed some degree of restraint on his projects, though Mrs. Snoek thought no more than the other women of Amsterdam of interfering in those commercial affairs of which they were supposed incompetent to judge.

MrsnounUS /ˈmɪsɪz/

a form of address for a married woman

From this reading From the presence of his mother, Heins was also to be soon released; a presence which imposed some degree of restraint on his projects, though Mrs. Snoek thought no more than the other women of Amsterdam of interfering in those commercial affairs of which they were supposed incompetent to judge.

muchadverbUS /mʌtʃ/

to a great degree or extent

From this reading His partner--the most irksome check upon his enterprises,--was this year chosen one of the four reigning burgomasters; and it was impossible that Vanderput should give as much attention as usual to his private business, while engaged by his public office.

necessaryadjectiveUS /ˈnesəseri/

absolutely essential

From this reading This prudent lady found her worldly circumstances so much altered by the death of her husband, that she thought a considerable difference in her way of life desirable; though it was impossible to affirm such a change to be necessary.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading From the presence of his mother, Heins was also to be soon released; a presence which imposed some degree of restraint on his projects, though Mrs. Snoek thought no more than the other women of Amsterdam of interfering in those commercial affairs of which they were supposed incompetent to judge.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading It was not enough to satisfy her that she and her younger children had an abundant capital, (partly invested in country estates, and partly deposited in the Bank of Amsterdam,) besides that which remained in the hands of the firm.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading All circumstances seemed to favour Heins's wish of trying what he could do to surpass his father in the matter of commercial success.

officenounUS /ˈɔːfɪs/

place of business where professional or clerical duties are performed

From this reading His partner--the most irksome check upon his enterprises,--was this year chosen one of the four reigning burgomasters; and it was impossible that Vanderput should give as much attention as usual to his private business, while engaged by his public office.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading From the presence of his mother, Heins was also to be soon released; a presence which imposed some degree of restraint on his projects, though Mrs. Snoek thought no more than the other women of Amsterdam of interfering in those commercial affairs of which they were supposed incompetent to judge.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading His partner--the most irksome check upon his enterprises,--was this year chosen one of the four reigning burgomasters; and it was impossible that Vanderput should give as much attention as usual to his private business, while engaged by his public office.

otheradjectiveUS /ˈʌðər/

not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied

From this reading From the presence of his mother, Heins was also to be soon released; a presence which imposed some degree of restraint on his projects, though Mrs. Snoek thought no more than the other women of Amsterdam of interfering in those commercial affairs of which they were supposed incompetent to judge.

partlyadverbUS /ˈpɑːrtli/

to some extent; in some degree; not wholly

From this reading It was not enough to satisfy her that she and her younger children had an abundant capital, (partly invested in country estates, and partly deposited in the Bank of Amsterdam,) besides that which remained in the hands of the firm.

partnernounUS /ˈpɑːrtnər/

a person's partner in marriage

From this reading His partner--the most irksome check upon his enterprises,--was this year chosen one of the four reigning burgomasters; and it was impossible that Vanderput should give as much attention as usual to his private business, while engaged by his public office.

presencenounUS /ˈprezəns/

the state of being present; current existence

From this reading From the presence of his mother, Heins was also to be soon released; a presence which imposed some degree of restraint on his projects, though Mrs. Snoek thought no more than the other women of Amsterdam of interfering in those commercial affairs of which they were supposed incompetent to judge.

privateadjectiveUS /ˈpraɪvət/

confined to particular persons or groups or providing privacy

From this reading His partner--the most irksome check upon his enterprises,--was this year chosen one of the four reigning burgomasters; and it was impossible that Vanderput should give as much attention as usual to his private business, while engaged by his public office.

projectsnounUS /ˈprɑːdʒekts/

plural of “project” — any piece of work that is undertaken or attempted

From this reading From the presence of his mother, Heins was also to be soon released; a presence which imposed some degree of restraint on his projects, though Mrs. Snoek thought no more than the other women of Amsterdam of interfering in those commercial affairs of which they were supposed incompetent to judge.

prudentadjectiveUS /ˈpruːdənt/

careful and sensible; marked by sound judgment

From this reading This prudent lady found her worldly circumstances so much altered by the death of her husband, that she thought a considerable difference in her way of life desirable; though it was impossible to affirm such a change to be necessary.

publicnounUS /ˈpʌblɪk/

people in general considered as a whole

From this reading His partner--the most irksome check upon his enterprises,--was this year chosen one of the four reigning burgomasters; and it was impossible that Vanderput should give as much attention as usual to his private business, while engaged by his public office.

reigningadjectiveUS /ˈreɪnɪŋ/

exercising power or authority

From this reading His partner--the most irksome check upon his enterprises,--was this year chosen one of the four reigning burgomasters; and it was impossible that Vanderput should give as much attention as usual to his private business, while engaged by his public office.

releasedverbUS /riˈliːst/

past form of “release” — release, as from one's grip

From this reading From the presence of his mother, Heins was also to be soon released; a presence which imposed some degree of restraint on his projects, though Mrs. Snoek thought no more than the other women of Amsterdam of interfering in those commercial affairs of which they were supposed incompetent to judge.

remainedverbUS /rɪˈmeɪnd/

past form of “remain” — stay the same; remain in a certain state

From this reading It was not enough to satisfy her that she and her younger children had an abundant capital, (partly invested in country estates, and partly deposited in the Bank of Amsterdam,) besides that which remained in the hands of the firm.

restraintnounUS /rɪˈstreɪnt/

the act of controlling by restraining someone or something

From this reading From the presence of his mother, Heins was also to be soon released; a presence which imposed some degree of restraint on his projects, though Mrs. Snoek thought no more than the other women of Amsterdam of interfering in those commercial affairs of which they were supposed incompetent to judge.

satisfyverbUS /ˈsætəsfaɪ/

meet the requirements or expectations of

From this reading It was not enough to satisfy her that she and her younger children had an abundant capital, (partly invested in country estates, and partly deposited in the Bank of Amsterdam,) besides that which remained in the hands of the firm.

seemedverbUS /siːmd/

past form of “seem” — give a certain impression or have a certain outward aspect

From this reading All circumstances seemed to favour Heins's wish of trying what he could do to surpass his father in the matter of commercial success.

shepronounUS /ʃiː/

a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading This prudent lady found her worldly circumstances so much altered by the death of her husband, that she thought a considerable difference in her way of life desirable; though it was impossible to affirm such a change to be necessary.

shouldmodal verbUS /ʃʊd/

used to say what is right, expected, or advisable

From this reading His partner--the most irksome check upon his enterprises,--was this year chosen one of the four reigning burgomasters; and it was impossible that Vanderput should give as much attention as usual to his private business, while engaged by his public office.

Snoeknoun

a large marine food fish common on the coasts of Australia, New Zealand, and southern Africa

From this reading From the presence of his mother, Heins was also to be soon released; a presence which imposed some degree of restraint on his projects, though Mrs. Snoek thought no more than the other women of Amsterdam of interfering in those commercial affairs of which they were supposed incompetent to judge.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading This prudent lady found her worldly circumstances so much altered by the death of her husband, that she thought a considerable difference in her way of life desirable; though it was impossible to affirm such a change to be necessary.

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading From the presence of his mother, Heins was also to be soon released; a presence which imposed some degree of restraint on his projects, though Mrs. Snoek thought no more than the other women of Amsterdam of interfering in those commercial affairs of which they were supposed incompetent to judge.

soonadverbUS /suːn/

in the near future

From this reading From the presence of his mother, Heins was also to be soon released; a presence which imposed some degree of restraint on his projects, though Mrs. Snoek thought no more than the other women of Amsterdam of interfering in those commercial affairs of which they were supposed incompetent to judge.

successnounUS /səkˈses/

an event that accomplishes its intended purpose

From this reading All circumstances seemed to favour Heins's wish of trying what he could do to surpass his father in the matter of commercial success.

suchdeterminerUS /sʌtʃ/

of the kind already mentioned

From this reading This prudent lady found her worldly circumstances so much altered by the death of her husband, that she thought a considerable difference in her way of life desirable; though it was impossible to affirm such a change to be necessary.

supposedadjectiveUS /səˈpoʊzd/

required or under orders

From this reading From the presence of his mother, Heins was also to be soon released; a presence which imposed some degree of restraint on his projects, though Mrs. Snoek thought no more than the other women of Amsterdam of interfering in those commercial affairs of which they were supposed incompetent to judge.

surpassverbUS /sərˈpæs/

distinguish oneself

From this reading All circumstances seemed to favour Heins's wish of trying what he could do to surpass his father in the matter of commercial success.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading From the presence of his mother, Heins was also to be soon released; a presence which imposed some degree of restraint on his projects, though Mrs. Snoek thought no more than the other women of Amsterdam of interfering in those commercial affairs of which they were supposed incompetent to judge.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading His partner--the most irksome check upon his enterprises,--was this year chosen one of the four reigning burgomasters; and it was impossible that Vanderput should give as much attention as usual to his private business, while engaged by his public office.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading All circumstances seemed to favour Heins's wish of trying what he could do to surpass his father in the matter of commercial success.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading From the presence of his mother, Heins was also to be soon released; a presence which imposed some degree of restraint on his projects, though Mrs. Snoek thought no more than the other women of Amsterdam of interfering in those commercial affairs of which they were supposed incompetent to judge.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading His partner--the most irksome check upon his enterprises,--was this year chosen one of the four reigning burgomasters; and it was impossible that Vanderput should give as much attention as usual to his private business, while engaged by his public office.

thosedeterminerUS /ðoʊz/

the plural of “that”: the people or things further away, or already known

From this reading From the presence of his mother, Heins was also to be soon released; a presence which imposed some degree of restraint on his projects, though Mrs. Snoek thought no more than the other women of Amsterdam of interfering in those commercial affairs of which they were supposed incompetent to judge.

thoughconjunctionUS /ðoʊ/

in spite of the fact that

From this reading From the presence of his mother, Heins was also to be soon released; a presence which imposed some degree of restraint on his projects, though Mrs. Snoek thought no more than the other women of Amsterdam of interfering in those commercial affairs of which they were supposed incompetent to judge.

thoughtnounUS /θɔːt/

the content of cognition; the main thing you are thinking about

From this reading From the presence of his mother, Heins was also to be soon released; a presence which imposed some degree of restraint on his projects, though Mrs. Snoek thought no more than the other women of Amsterdam of interfering in those commercial affairs of which they were supposed incompetent to judge.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading All circumstances seemed to favour Heins's wish of trying what he could do to surpass his father in the matter of commercial success.

tryingadjectiveUS /ˈtraɪɪŋ/

hard to endure

From this reading All circumstances seemed to favour Heins's wish of trying what he could do to surpass his father in the matter of commercial success.

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading His partner--the most irksome check upon his enterprises,--was this year chosen one of the four reigning burgomasters; and it was impossible that Vanderput should give as much attention as usual to his private business, while engaged by his public office.

usualadjectiveUS /ˈjuːʒəwəl/

occurring or encountered or experienced or observed frequently or in accordance with regular practice or procedure

From this reading His partner--the most irksome check upon his enterprises,--was this year chosen one of the four reigning burgomasters; and it was impossible that Vanderput should give as much attention as usual to his private business, while engaged by his public office.

Vanderput

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading His partner--the most irksome check upon his enterprises,--was this year chosen one of the four reigning burgomasters; and it was impossible that Vanderput should give as much attention as usual to his private business, while engaged by his public office.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading His partner--the most irksome check upon his enterprises,--was this year chosen one of the four reigning burgomasters; and it was impossible that Vanderput should give as much attention as usual to his private business, while engaged by his public office.

waynounUS /weɪ/

how something is done or how it happens

From this reading This prudent lady found her worldly circumstances so much altered by the death of her husband, that she thought a considerable difference in her way of life desirable; though it was impossible to affirm such a change to be necessary.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading From the presence of his mother, Heins was also to be soon released; a presence which imposed some degree of restraint on his projects, though Mrs. Snoek thought no more than the other women of Amsterdam of interfering in those commercial affairs of which they were supposed incompetent to judge.

whatpronounUS /wʌt/

used to ask for information about something

From this reading All circumstances seemed to favour Heins's wish of trying what he could do to surpass his father in the matter of commercial success.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading From the presence of his mother, Heins was also to be soon released; a presence which imposed some degree of restraint on his projects, though Mrs. Snoek thought no more than the other women of Amsterdam of interfering in those commercial affairs of which they were supposed incompetent to judge.

whileconjunctionUS /waɪl/

during the time that

From this reading His partner--the most irksome check upon his enterprises,--was this year chosen one of the four reigning burgomasters; and it was impossible that Vanderput should give as much attention as usual to his private business, while engaged by his public office.

wishverbUS /wɪʃ/

hope for; have a wish

From this reading All circumstances seemed to favour Heins's wish of trying what he could do to surpass his father in the matter of commercial success.

womennounUS /ˈwɪmən/

plural of “woman” — an adult female person (as opposed to a man)

From this reading From the presence of his mother, Heins was also to be soon released; a presence which imposed some degree of restraint on his projects, though Mrs. Snoek thought no more than the other women of Amsterdam of interfering in those commercial affairs of which they were supposed incompetent to judge.

worldlyadjectiveUS /ˈwɜːrldli/

characteristic of or devoted to the temporal world as opposed to the spiritual world

From this reading This prudent lady found her worldly circumstances so much altered by the death of her husband, that she thought a considerable difference in her way of life desirable; though it was impossible to affirm such a change to be necessary.

yearnounUS /jɪr/

a period of time containing 365 (or 366) days

From this reading His partner--the most irksome check upon his enterprises,--was this year chosen one of the four reigning burgomasters; and it was impossible that Vanderput should give as much attention as usual to his private business, while engaged by his public office.

youngeradjectiveUS /ˈjʌŋɡər/

used of the younger of two persons of the same name especially used to distinguish a son from his father

From this reading It was not enough to satisfy her that she and her younger children had an abundant capital, (partly invested in country estates, and partly deposited in the Bank of Amsterdam,) besides that which remained in the hands of the firm.

Chapter 4 of Illustrations of political economy, Volume 6 (of 9) by Harriet Martineau holds 120 sentences, grouped into 24 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 4 of Illustrations of political economy, Volume 6 (of 9) contain?

Chapter 4 holds 120 sentences of Illustrations of political economy, Volume 6 (of 9), unabridged, divided into 24 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 4 of Illustrations of political economy, Volume 6 (of 9) by Harriet Martineau exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 120 sentences, grouped into 24 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 4 of Illustrations of political economy, Volume 6 (of 9)?

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Vocabulary met early in Illustrations of political economy, Volume 6 (of 9)

Words and structures a reader meets early in Illustrations of political economy, Volume 6 (of 9), each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

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Cannot
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Represent
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