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Illustrations of political economy, Volume 6 (of 9)
Illustrations of political economy, Volume 6 (of 9)

Chapter XIII

Chapter 13 of Illustrations of political economy, Volume 6 (of 9) is here in full — 197 sentences across 40 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Chapter 13 of Illustrations of political economy, Volume 6 (of 9) by Harriet Martineau holds 197 sentences, grouped into 40 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 13 of Illustrations of political economy, Volume 6 (of 9) contain?

Chapter 13 holds 197 sentences of Illustrations of political economy, Volume 6 (of 9), unabridged, divided into 40 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 13 of Illustrations of political economy, Volume 6 (of 9) by Harriet Martineau exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 197 sentences, grouped into 40 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 13 of Illustrations of political economy, Volume 6 (of 9)?

Work through the 40 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 40 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 13 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 13 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Illustrations of political economy, Volume 6 (of 9)

Common questions about reading Illustrations of political economy, Volume 6 (of 9) by Harriet Martineau on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Illustrations of political economy, Volume 6 (of 9)?

Yes. All 4580 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #72923 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Illustrations of political economy, Volume 6 (of 9) is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #72923, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Illustrations of political economy, Volume 6 (of 9) take to read?

About 381 minutes of reading across 916 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Illustrations of political economy, Volume 6 (of 9) section by section

How to work through Illustrations of political economy, Volume 6 (of 9) section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 27 chapters of Illustrations of political economy, Volume 6 (of 9) to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Illustrations of political economy, Volume 6 (of 9)

Words and structures a reader meets early in Illustrations of political economy, Volume 6 (of 9), each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Version
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Illustrations of political economy, Volume 6 (of 9); the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Cannot
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Illustrations of political economy, Volume 6 (of 9); the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Represent
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Illustrations of political economy, Volume 6 (of 9); the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Certain
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Illustrations of political economy, Volume 6 (of 9); the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Cover illustration for Illustrations of political economy, Volume 6 (of 9)
Context Illustration Reading 1/40 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
TAKING AN ORDER.
Mr. Culver, the silk-manufacturer, arrived at home later than the usual dinner hour, one dark winter day.
He had been attending a meeting at the Mansion-house, held on the behalf of the Spitalfields weavers, whose deplorable distress in the middle of the season caused fearful anticipations of what their condition might be before a warmer season and a brisker state of trade should arrive.
Mr. Culver's thoughts were occupied, during his slow and sad walk from the Mansion-house to his abode in the neighbourhood of Devonshire-square, by doubts whether a time of activity would ever arrive; or, if it did, how long it would last.
Year after year, since he had entered business, had he been flattered with hopes that permanent prosperity would come; that the ladies of England would continue to prize silk fabrics as the most beautiful material for dress; and would grow conscientious enough to refuse smuggled goods, when every conceivable variety could be had from the looms of their own country.
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Illustrations of political economy, Volume 6 (of 9)

Chapter XIII

Chapter 13 of Illustrations of political economy, Volume 6 (of 9) is here in full — 197 sentences across 40 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/40 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
TAKING AN ORDER.
Line 2
Mr. Culver, the silk-manufacturer, arrived at home later than the usual dinner hour, one dark winter day.
Line 3
He had been attending a meeting at the Mansion-house, held on the behalf of the Spitalfields weavers, whose deplorable distress in the middle of the season caused fearful anticipations of what their condition might be before a warmer season and a brisker state of trade should arrive.
Line 4
Mr. Culver's thoughts were occupied, during his slow and sad walk from the Mansion-house to his abode in the neighbourhood of Devonshire-square, by doubts whether a time of activity would ever arrive; or, if it did, how long it would last.
Line 5
Year after year, since he had entered business, had he been flattered with hopes that permanent prosperity would come; that the ladies of England would continue to prize silk fabrics as the most beautiful material for dress; and would grow conscientious enough to refuse smuggled goods, when every conceivable variety could be had from the looms of their own country.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, audio, and collocations from this reading.

After preposition US /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading “Year after year, since he had entered business, had he been flattered with hopes that permanent prosperity would come; that the ladies of England would continue to prize silk fabrics as the most beautiful material for dress; and would grow conscientious enough to refuse smuggled goods, when every conceivable variety could be had from the looms of their own country.”

Anticipations plural noun US /ænˌtɪsəˈpeɪʃənz/

feelings of excitement about something expected to happen

From this reading “He had been attending a meeting at the Mansion-house, held on the behalf of the Spitalfields weavers, whose deplorable distress in the middle of the season caused fearful anticipations of what their condition might be before a warmer season and a brisker state of trade should arrive.”

Been auxiliary verb US /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading “He had been attending a meeting at the Mansion-house, held on the behalf of the Spitalfields weavers, whose deplorable distress in the middle of the season caused fearful anticipations of what their condition might be before a warmer season and a brisker state of trade should arrive.”

Before preposition US /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading “He had been attending a meeting at the Mansion-house, held on the behalf of the Spitalfields weavers, whose deplorable distress in the middle of the season caused fearful anticipations of what their condition might be before a warmer season and a brisker state of trade should arrive.”

Could modal verb US /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading “Year after year, since he had entered business, had he been flattered with hopes that permanent prosperity would come; that the ladies of England would continue to prize silk fabrics as the most beautiful material for dress; and would grow conscientious enough to refuse smuggled goods, when every conceivable variety could be had from the looms of their own country.”

Distress noun US /dɪˈstrɛs/

extreme sadness or suffering

From this reading “He had been attending a meeting at the Mansion-house, held on the behalf of the Spitalfields weavers, whose deplorable distress in the middle of the season caused fearful anticipations of what their condition might be before a warmer season and a brisker state of trade should arrive.”

During preposition US /ˈdʊrɪŋ/

all through a period, or at some point within it

From this reading “Mr. Culver's thoughts were occupied, during his slow and sad walk from the Mansion-house to his abode in the neighbourhood of Devonshire-square, by doubts whether a time of activity would ever arrive; or, if it did, how long it would last.”

Every determiner US /ˈevəri/

all the members of a group, with none left out

From this reading “Year after year, since he had entered business, had he been flattered with hopes that permanent prosperity would come; that the ladies of England would continue to prize silk fabrics as the most beautiful material for dress; and would grow conscientious enough to refuse smuggled goods, when every conceivable variety could be had from the looms of their own country.”

Might modal verb US /maɪt/

used to say something is possible but not certain

From this reading “He had been attending a meeting at the Mansion-house, held on the behalf of the Spitalfields weavers, whose deplorable distress in the middle of the season caused fearful anticipations of what their condition might be before a warmer season and a brisker state of trade should arrive.”

One pronoun US /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading “Mr. Culver, the silk-manufacturer, arrived at home later than the usual dinner hour, one dark winter day.”

Since preposition US /sɪns/

from a time in the past until now

From this reading “Year after year, since he had entered business, had he been flattered with hopes that permanent prosperity would come; that the ladies of England would continue to prize silk fabrics as the most beautiful material for dress; and would grow conscientious enough to refuse smuggled goods, when every conceivable variety could be had from the looms of their own country.”

Whether conjunction US /ˈweðər/

used to introduce two or more possibilities

From this reading “Mr. Culver's thoughts were occupied, during his slow and sad walk from the Mansion-house to his abode in the neighbourhood of Devonshire-square, by doubts whether a time of activity would ever arrive; or, if it did, how long it would last.”

Whose determiner US /huːz/

belonging to which person

From this reading “He had been attending a meeting at the Mansion-house, held on the behalf of the Spitalfields weavers, whose deplorable distress in the middle of the season caused fearful anticipations of what their condition might be before a warmer season and a brisker state of trade should arrive.”

Would modal verb US /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading “Mr. Culver's thoughts were occupied, during his slow and sad walk from the Mansion-house to his abode in the neighbourhood of Devonshire-square, by doubts whether a time of activity would ever arrive; or, if it did, how long it would last.”

All words in this reading · 120

Every word is available to listen to. Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading He had been attending a meeting at the Mansion-house, held on the behalf of the Spitalfields weavers, whose deplorable distress in the middle of the season caused fearful anticipations of what their condition might be before a warmer season and a brisker state of trade should arrive.

abode

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Mr. Culver's thoughts were occupied, during his slow and sad walk from the Mansion-house to his abode in the neighbourhood of Devonshire-square, by doubts whether a time of activity would ever arrive; or, if it did, how long it would last.

activity

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Mr. Culver's thoughts were occupied, during his slow and sad walk from the Mansion-house to his abode in the neighbourhood of Devonshire-square, by doubts whether a time of activity would ever arrive; or, if it did, how long it would last.

afterprepositionUS /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading Year after year, since he had entered business, had he been flattered with hopes that permanent prosperity would come; that the ladies of England would continue to prize silk fabrics as the most beautiful material for dress; and would grow conscientious enough to refuse smuggled goods, when every conceivable variety could be had from the looms of their own country.

ANdeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading TAKING AN ORDER.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading He had been attending a meeting at the Mansion-house, held on the behalf of the Spitalfields weavers, whose deplorable distress in the middle of the season caused fearful anticipations of what their condition might be before a warmer season and a brisker state of trade should arrive.

anticipationsplural nounUS /ænˌtɪsəˈpeɪʃənz/

feelings of excitement about something expected to happen

From this reading He had been attending a meeting at the Mansion-house, held on the behalf of the Spitalfields weavers, whose deplorable distress in the middle of the season caused fearful anticipations of what their condition might be before a warmer season and a brisker state of trade should arrive.

arrive

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He had been attending a meeting at the Mansion-house, held on the behalf of the Spitalfields weavers, whose deplorable distress in the middle of the season caused fearful anticipations of what their condition might be before a warmer season and a brisker state of trade should arrive.

arrived

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Mr. Culver, the silk-manufacturer, arrived at home later than the usual dinner hour, one dark winter day.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading Year after year, since he had entered business, had he been flattered with hopes that permanent prosperity would come; that the ladies of England would continue to prize silk fabrics as the most beautiful material for dress; and would grow conscientious enough to refuse smuggled goods, when every conceivable variety could be had from the looms of their own country.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading Mr. Culver, the silk-manufacturer, arrived at home later than the usual dinner hour, one dark winter day.

attending

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He had been attending a meeting at the Mansion-house, held on the behalf of the Spitalfields weavers, whose deplorable distress in the middle of the season caused fearful anticipations of what their condition might be before a warmer season and a brisker state of trade should arrive.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading He had been attending a meeting at the Mansion-house, held on the behalf of the Spitalfields weavers, whose deplorable distress in the middle of the season caused fearful anticipations of what their condition might be before a warmer season and a brisker state of trade should arrive.

beautiful

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Year after year, since he had entered business, had he been flattered with hopes that permanent prosperity would come; that the ladies of England would continue to prize silk fabrics as the most beautiful material for dress; and would grow conscientious enough to refuse smuggled goods, when every conceivable variety could be had from the looms of their own country.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading He had been attending a meeting at the Mansion-house, held on the behalf of the Spitalfields weavers, whose deplorable distress in the middle of the season caused fearful anticipations of what their condition might be before a warmer season and a brisker state of trade should arrive.

beforeprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading He had been attending a meeting at the Mansion-house, held on the behalf of the Spitalfields weavers, whose deplorable distress in the middle of the season caused fearful anticipations of what their condition might be before a warmer season and a brisker state of trade should arrive.

behalf

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He had been attending a meeting at the Mansion-house, held on the behalf of the Spitalfields weavers, whose deplorable distress in the middle of the season caused fearful anticipations of what their condition might be before a warmer season and a brisker state of trade should arrive.

brisker

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He had been attending a meeting at the Mansion-house, held on the behalf of the Spitalfields weavers, whose deplorable distress in the middle of the season caused fearful anticipations of what their condition might be before a warmer season and a brisker state of trade should arrive.

business

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Year after year, since he had entered business, had he been flattered with hopes that permanent prosperity would come; that the ladies of England would continue to prize silk fabrics as the most beautiful material for dress; and would grow conscientious enough to refuse smuggled goods, when every conceivable variety could be had from the looms of their own country.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading Mr. Culver's thoughts were occupied, during his slow and sad walk from the Mansion-house to his abode in the neighbourhood of Devonshire-square, by doubts whether a time of activity would ever arrive; or, if it did, how long it would last.

caused

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He had been attending a meeting at the Mansion-house, held on the behalf of the Spitalfields weavers, whose deplorable distress in the middle of the season caused fearful anticipations of what their condition might be before a warmer season and a brisker state of trade should arrive.

come

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Year after year, since he had entered business, had he been flattered with hopes that permanent prosperity would come; that the ladies of England would continue to prize silk fabrics as the most beautiful material for dress; and would grow conscientious enough to refuse smuggled goods, when every conceivable variety could be had from the looms of their own country.

conceivable

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Year after year, since he had entered business, had he been flattered with hopes that permanent prosperity would come; that the ladies of England would continue to prize silk fabrics as the most beautiful material for dress; and would grow conscientious enough to refuse smuggled goods, when every conceivable variety could be had from the looms of their own country.

condition

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He had been attending a meeting at the Mansion-house, held on the behalf of the Spitalfields weavers, whose deplorable distress in the middle of the season caused fearful anticipations of what their condition might be before a warmer season and a brisker state of trade should arrive.

conscientious

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Year after year, since he had entered business, had he been flattered with hopes that permanent prosperity would come; that the ladies of England would continue to prize silk fabrics as the most beautiful material for dress; and would grow conscientious enough to refuse smuggled goods, when every conceivable variety could be had from the looms of their own country.

continue

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Year after year, since he had entered business, had he been flattered with hopes that permanent prosperity would come; that the ladies of England would continue to prize silk fabrics as the most beautiful material for dress; and would grow conscientious enough to refuse smuggled goods, when every conceivable variety could be had from the looms of their own country.

couldmodal verbUS /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading Year after year, since he had entered business, had he been flattered with hopes that permanent prosperity would come; that the ladies of England would continue to prize silk fabrics as the most beautiful material for dress; and would grow conscientious enough to refuse smuggled goods, when every conceivable variety could be had from the looms of their own country.

country

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Year after year, since he had entered business, had he been flattered with hopes that permanent prosperity would come; that the ladies of England would continue to prize silk fabrics as the most beautiful material for dress; and would grow conscientious enough to refuse smuggled goods, when every conceivable variety could be had from the looms of their own country.

Culver

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Mr. Culver, the silk-manufacturer, arrived at home later than the usual dinner hour, one dark winter day.

Culver's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Mr. Culver's thoughts were occupied, during his slow and sad walk from the Mansion-house to his abode in the neighbourhood of Devonshire-square, by doubts whether a time of activity would ever arrive; or, if it did, how long it would last.

dark

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Mr. Culver, the silk-manufacturer, arrived at home later than the usual dinner hour, one dark winter day.

day

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Mr. Culver, the silk-manufacturer, arrived at home later than the usual dinner hour, one dark winter day.

deplorable

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He had been attending a meeting at the Mansion-house, held on the behalf of the Spitalfields weavers, whose deplorable distress in the middle of the season caused fearful anticipations of what their condition might be before a warmer season and a brisker state of trade should arrive.

Devonshire-square

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Mr. Culver's thoughts were occupied, during his slow and sad walk from the Mansion-house to his abode in the neighbourhood of Devonshire-square, by doubts whether a time of activity would ever arrive; or, if it did, how long it would last.

didauxiliary verbUS /dɪd/

the past form of “do”, used in questions and negatives

From this reading Mr. Culver's thoughts were occupied, during his slow and sad walk from the Mansion-house to his abode in the neighbourhood of Devonshire-square, by doubts whether a time of activity would ever arrive; or, if it did, how long it would last.

dinner

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Mr. Culver, the silk-manufacturer, arrived at home later than the usual dinner hour, one dark winter day.

distressnounUS /dɪˈstrɛs/

extreme sadness or suffering

From this reading He had been attending a meeting at the Mansion-house, held on the behalf of the Spitalfields weavers, whose deplorable distress in the middle of the season caused fearful anticipations of what their condition might be before a warmer season and a brisker state of trade should arrive.

doubts

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Mr. Culver's thoughts were occupied, during his slow and sad walk from the Mansion-house to his abode in the neighbourhood of Devonshire-square, by doubts whether a time of activity would ever arrive; or, if it did, how long it would last.

dress

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Year after year, since he had entered business, had he been flattered with hopes that permanent prosperity would come; that the ladies of England would continue to prize silk fabrics as the most beautiful material for dress; and would grow conscientious enough to refuse smuggled goods, when every conceivable variety could be had from the looms of their own country.

duringprepositionUS /ˈdʊrɪŋ/

all through a period, or at some point within it

From this reading Mr. Culver's thoughts were occupied, during his slow and sad walk from the Mansion-house to his abode in the neighbourhood of Devonshire-square, by doubts whether a time of activity would ever arrive; or, if it did, how long it would last.

England

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Year after year, since he had entered business, had he been flattered with hopes that permanent prosperity would come; that the ladies of England would continue to prize silk fabrics as the most beautiful material for dress; and would grow conscientious enough to refuse smuggled goods, when every conceivable variety could be had from the looms of their own country.

enough

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Year after year, since he had entered business, had he been flattered with hopes that permanent prosperity would come; that the ladies of England would continue to prize silk fabrics as the most beautiful material for dress; and would grow conscientious enough to refuse smuggled goods, when every conceivable variety could be had from the looms of their own country.

entered

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Year after year, since he had entered business, had he been flattered with hopes that permanent prosperity would come; that the ladies of England would continue to prize silk fabrics as the most beautiful material for dress; and would grow conscientious enough to refuse smuggled goods, when every conceivable variety could be had from the looms of their own country.

ever

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Mr. Culver's thoughts were occupied, during his slow and sad walk from the Mansion-house to his abode in the neighbourhood of Devonshire-square, by doubts whether a time of activity would ever arrive; or, if it did, how long it would last.

everydeterminerUS /ˈevəri/

all the members of a group, with none left out

From this reading Year after year, since he had entered business, had he been flattered with hopes that permanent prosperity would come; that the ladies of England would continue to prize silk fabrics as the most beautiful material for dress; and would grow conscientious enough to refuse smuggled goods, when every conceivable variety could be had from the looms of their own country.

fabrics

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Year after year, since he had entered business, had he been flattered with hopes that permanent prosperity would come; that the ladies of England would continue to prize silk fabrics as the most beautiful material for dress; and would grow conscientious enough to refuse smuggled goods, when every conceivable variety could be had from the looms of their own country.

fearful

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He had been attending a meeting at the Mansion-house, held on the behalf of the Spitalfields weavers, whose deplorable distress in the middle of the season caused fearful anticipations of what their condition might be before a warmer season and a brisker state of trade should arrive.

flattered

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Year after year, since he had entered business, had he been flattered with hopes that permanent prosperity would come; that the ladies of England would continue to prize silk fabrics as the most beautiful material for dress; and would grow conscientious enough to refuse smuggled goods, when every conceivable variety could be had from the looms of their own country.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading Year after year, since he had entered business, had he been flattered with hopes that permanent prosperity would come; that the ladies of England would continue to prize silk fabrics as the most beautiful material for dress; and would grow conscientious enough to refuse smuggled goods, when every conceivable variety could be had from the looms of their own country.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading Mr. Culver's thoughts were occupied, during his slow and sad walk from the Mansion-house to his abode in the neighbourhood of Devonshire-square, by doubts whether a time of activity would ever arrive; or, if it did, how long it would last.

goods

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Year after year, since he had entered business, had he been flattered with hopes that permanent prosperity would come; that the ladies of England would continue to prize silk fabrics as the most beautiful material for dress; and would grow conscientious enough to refuse smuggled goods, when every conceivable variety could be had from the looms of their own country.

grow

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Year after year, since he had entered business, had he been flattered with hopes that permanent prosperity would come; that the ladies of England would continue to prize silk fabrics as the most beautiful material for dress; and would grow conscientious enough to refuse smuggled goods, when every conceivable variety could be had from the looms of their own country.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading He had been attending a meeting at the Mansion-house, held on the behalf of the Spitalfields weavers, whose deplorable distress in the middle of the season caused fearful anticipations of what their condition might be before a warmer season and a brisker state of trade should arrive.

HepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading He had been attending a meeting at the Mansion-house, held on the behalf of the Spitalfields weavers, whose deplorable distress in the middle of the season caused fearful anticipations of what their condition might be before a warmer season and a brisker state of trade should arrive.

held

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He had been attending a meeting at the Mansion-house, held on the behalf of the Spitalfields weavers, whose deplorable distress in the middle of the season caused fearful anticipations of what their condition might be before a warmer season and a brisker state of trade should arrive.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading Mr. Culver's thoughts were occupied, during his slow and sad walk from the Mansion-house to his abode in the neighbourhood of Devonshire-square, by doubts whether a time of activity would ever arrive; or, if it did, how long it would last.

home

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Mr. Culver, the silk-manufacturer, arrived at home later than the usual dinner hour, one dark winter day.

hopes

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Year after year, since he had entered business, had he been flattered with hopes that permanent prosperity would come; that the ladies of England would continue to prize silk fabrics as the most beautiful material for dress; and would grow conscientious enough to refuse smuggled goods, when every conceivable variety could be had from the looms of their own country.

hour

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Mr. Culver, the silk-manufacturer, arrived at home later than the usual dinner hour, one dark winter day.

how

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Mr. Culver's thoughts were occupied, during his slow and sad walk from the Mansion-house to his abode in the neighbourhood of Devonshire-square, by doubts whether a time of activity would ever arrive; or, if it did, how long it would last.

ifconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading Mr. Culver's thoughts were occupied, during his slow and sad walk from the Mansion-house to his abode in the neighbourhood of Devonshire-square, by doubts whether a time of activity would ever arrive; or, if it did, how long it would last.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading He had been attending a meeting at the Mansion-house, held on the behalf of the Spitalfields weavers, whose deplorable distress in the middle of the season caused fearful anticipations of what their condition might be before a warmer season and a brisker state of trade should arrive.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading Mr. Culver's thoughts were occupied, during his slow and sad walk from the Mansion-house to his abode in the neighbourhood of Devonshire-square, by doubts whether a time of activity would ever arrive; or, if it did, how long it would last.

ladies

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Year after year, since he had entered business, had he been flattered with hopes that permanent prosperity would come; that the ladies of England would continue to prize silk fabrics as the most beautiful material for dress; and would grow conscientious enough to refuse smuggled goods, when every conceivable variety could be had from the looms of their own country.

last

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Mr. Culver's thoughts were occupied, during his slow and sad walk from the Mansion-house to his abode in the neighbourhood of Devonshire-square, by doubts whether a time of activity would ever arrive; or, if it did, how long it would last.

later

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Mr. Culver, the silk-manufacturer, arrived at home later than the usual dinner hour, one dark winter day.

long

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Mr. Culver's thoughts were occupied, during his slow and sad walk from the Mansion-house to his abode in the neighbourhood of Devonshire-square, by doubts whether a time of activity would ever arrive; or, if it did, how long it would last.

looms

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Year after year, since he had entered business, had he been flattered with hopes that permanent prosperity would come; that the ladies of England would continue to prize silk fabrics as the most beautiful material for dress; and would grow conscientious enough to refuse smuggled goods, when every conceivable variety could be had from the looms of their own country.

Mansion-house

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He had been attending a meeting at the Mansion-house, held on the behalf of the Spitalfields weavers, whose deplorable distress in the middle of the season caused fearful anticipations of what their condition might be before a warmer season and a brisker state of trade should arrive.

material

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Year after year, since he had entered business, had he been flattered with hopes that permanent prosperity would come; that the ladies of England would continue to prize silk fabrics as the most beautiful material for dress; and would grow conscientious enough to refuse smuggled goods, when every conceivable variety could be had from the looms of their own country.

meeting

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He had been attending a meeting at the Mansion-house, held on the behalf of the Spitalfields weavers, whose deplorable distress in the middle of the season caused fearful anticipations of what their condition might be before a warmer season and a brisker state of trade should arrive.

middle

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He had been attending a meeting at the Mansion-house, held on the behalf of the Spitalfields weavers, whose deplorable distress in the middle of the season caused fearful anticipations of what their condition might be before a warmer season and a brisker state of trade should arrive.

mightmodal verbUS /maɪt/

used to say something is possible but not certain

From this reading He had been attending a meeting at the Mansion-house, held on the behalf of the Spitalfields weavers, whose deplorable distress in the middle of the season caused fearful anticipations of what their condition might be before a warmer season and a brisker state of trade should arrive.

most

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Year after year, since he had entered business, had he been flattered with hopes that permanent prosperity would come; that the ladies of England would continue to prize silk fabrics as the most beautiful material for dress; and would grow conscientious enough to refuse smuggled goods, when every conceivable variety could be had from the looms of their own country.

Mr

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Mr. Culver, the silk-manufacturer, arrived at home later than the usual dinner hour, one dark winter day.

neighbourhood

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Mr. Culver's thoughts were occupied, during his slow and sad walk from the Mansion-house to his abode in the neighbourhood of Devonshire-square, by doubts whether a time of activity would ever arrive; or, if it did, how long it would last.

occupied

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Mr. Culver's thoughts were occupied, during his slow and sad walk from the Mansion-house to his abode in the neighbourhood of Devonshire-square, by doubts whether a time of activity would ever arrive; or, if it did, how long it would last.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading He had been attending a meeting at the Mansion-house, held on the behalf of the Spitalfields weavers, whose deplorable distress in the middle of the season caused fearful anticipations of what their condition might be before a warmer season and a brisker state of trade should arrive.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading He had been attending a meeting at the Mansion-house, held on the behalf of the Spitalfields weavers, whose deplorable distress in the middle of the season caused fearful anticipations of what their condition might be before a warmer season and a brisker state of trade should arrive.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading Mr. Culver, the silk-manufacturer, arrived at home later than the usual dinner hour, one dark winter day.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading Mr. Culver's thoughts were occupied, during his slow and sad walk from the Mansion-house to his abode in the neighbourhood of Devonshire-square, by doubts whether a time of activity would ever arrive; or, if it did, how long it would last.

ORDER

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading TAKING AN ORDER.

own

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Year after year, since he had entered business, had he been flattered with hopes that permanent prosperity would come; that the ladies of England would continue to prize silk fabrics as the most beautiful material for dress; and would grow conscientious enough to refuse smuggled goods, when every conceivable variety could be had from the looms of their own country.

permanent

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Year after year, since he had entered business, had he been flattered with hopes that permanent prosperity would come; that the ladies of England would continue to prize silk fabrics as the most beautiful material for dress; and would grow conscientious enough to refuse smuggled goods, when every conceivable variety could be had from the looms of their own country.

prize

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Year after year, since he had entered business, had he been flattered with hopes that permanent prosperity would come; that the ladies of England would continue to prize silk fabrics as the most beautiful material for dress; and would grow conscientious enough to refuse smuggled goods, when every conceivable variety could be had from the looms of their own country.

prosperity

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Year after year, since he had entered business, had he been flattered with hopes that permanent prosperity would come; that the ladies of England would continue to prize silk fabrics as the most beautiful material for dress; and would grow conscientious enough to refuse smuggled goods, when every conceivable variety could be had from the looms of their own country.

refuse

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Year after year, since he had entered business, had he been flattered with hopes that permanent prosperity would come; that the ladies of England would continue to prize silk fabrics as the most beautiful material for dress; and would grow conscientious enough to refuse smuggled goods, when every conceivable variety could be had from the looms of their own country.

sad

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Mr. Culver's thoughts were occupied, during his slow and sad walk from the Mansion-house to his abode in the neighbourhood of Devonshire-square, by doubts whether a time of activity would ever arrive; or, if it did, how long it would last.

season

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He had been attending a meeting at the Mansion-house, held on the behalf of the Spitalfields weavers, whose deplorable distress in the middle of the season caused fearful anticipations of what their condition might be before a warmer season and a brisker state of trade should arrive.

shouldmodal verbUS /ʃʊd/

used to say what is right, expected, or advisable

From this reading He had been attending a meeting at the Mansion-house, held on the behalf of the Spitalfields weavers, whose deplorable distress in the middle of the season caused fearful anticipations of what their condition might be before a warmer season and a brisker state of trade should arrive.

silk

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Year after year, since he had entered business, had he been flattered with hopes that permanent prosperity would come; that the ladies of England would continue to prize silk fabrics as the most beautiful material for dress; and would grow conscientious enough to refuse smuggled goods, when every conceivable variety could be had from the looms of their own country.

silk-manufacturer

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Mr. Culver, the silk-manufacturer, arrived at home later than the usual dinner hour, one dark winter day.

sinceprepositionUS /sɪns/

from a time in the past until now

From this reading Year after year, since he had entered business, had he been flattered with hopes that permanent prosperity would come; that the ladies of England would continue to prize silk fabrics as the most beautiful material for dress; and would grow conscientious enough to refuse smuggled goods, when every conceivable variety could be had from the looms of their own country.

slow

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Mr. Culver's thoughts were occupied, during his slow and sad walk from the Mansion-house to his abode in the neighbourhood of Devonshire-square, by doubts whether a time of activity would ever arrive; or, if it did, how long it would last.

smuggled

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Year after year, since he had entered business, had he been flattered with hopes that permanent prosperity would come; that the ladies of England would continue to prize silk fabrics as the most beautiful material for dress; and would grow conscientious enough to refuse smuggled goods, when every conceivable variety could be had from the looms of their own country.

Spitalfields

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He had been attending a meeting at the Mansion-house, held on the behalf of the Spitalfields weavers, whose deplorable distress in the middle of the season caused fearful anticipations of what their condition might be before a warmer season and a brisker state of trade should arrive.

state

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He had been attending a meeting at the Mansion-house, held on the behalf of the Spitalfields weavers, whose deplorable distress in the middle of the season caused fearful anticipations of what their condition might be before a warmer season and a brisker state of trade should arrive.

TAKING

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading TAKING AN ORDER.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading Mr. Culver, the silk-manufacturer, arrived at home later than the usual dinner hour, one dark winter day.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading Year after year, since he had entered business, had he been flattered with hopes that permanent prosperity would come; that the ladies of England would continue to prize silk fabrics as the most beautiful material for dress; and would grow conscientious enough to refuse smuggled goods, when every conceivable variety could be had from the looms of their own country.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Mr. Culver, the silk-manufacturer, arrived at home later than the usual dinner hour, one dark winter day.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading He had been attending a meeting at the Mansion-house, held on the behalf of the Spitalfields weavers, whose deplorable distress in the middle of the season caused fearful anticipations of what their condition might be before a warmer season and a brisker state of trade should arrive.

thoughts

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Mr. Culver's thoughts were occupied, during his slow and sad walk from the Mansion-house to his abode in the neighbourhood of Devonshire-square, by doubts whether a time of activity would ever arrive; or, if it did, how long it would last.

time

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Mr. Culver's thoughts were occupied, during his slow and sad walk from the Mansion-house to his abode in the neighbourhood of Devonshire-square, by doubts whether a time of activity would ever arrive; or, if it did, how long it would last.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Mr. Culver's thoughts were occupied, during his slow and sad walk from the Mansion-house to his abode in the neighbourhood of Devonshire-square, by doubts whether a time of activity would ever arrive; or, if it did, how long it would last.

trade

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He had been attending a meeting at the Mansion-house, held on the behalf of the Spitalfields weavers, whose deplorable distress in the middle of the season caused fearful anticipations of what their condition might be before a warmer season and a brisker state of trade should arrive.

usual

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Mr. Culver, the silk-manufacturer, arrived at home later than the usual dinner hour, one dark winter day.

variety

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Year after year, since he had entered business, had he been flattered with hopes that permanent prosperity would come; that the ladies of England would continue to prize silk fabrics as the most beautiful material for dress; and would grow conscientious enough to refuse smuggled goods, when every conceivable variety could be had from the looms of their own country.

walk

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Mr. Culver's thoughts were occupied, during his slow and sad walk from the Mansion-house to his abode in the neighbourhood of Devonshire-square, by doubts whether a time of activity would ever arrive; or, if it did, how long it would last.

warmer

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He had been attending a meeting at the Mansion-house, held on the behalf of the Spitalfields weavers, whose deplorable distress in the middle of the season caused fearful anticipations of what their condition might be before a warmer season and a brisker state of trade should arrive.

weavers

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He had been attending a meeting at the Mansion-house, held on the behalf of the Spitalfields weavers, whose deplorable distress in the middle of the season caused fearful anticipations of what their condition might be before a warmer season and a brisker state of trade should arrive.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Mr. Culver's thoughts were occupied, during his slow and sad walk from the Mansion-house to his abode in the neighbourhood of Devonshire-square, by doubts whether a time of activity would ever arrive; or, if it did, how long it would last.

whatpronounUS /wʌt/

used to ask for information about something

From this reading He had been attending a meeting at the Mansion-house, held on the behalf of the Spitalfields weavers, whose deplorable distress in the middle of the season caused fearful anticipations of what their condition might be before a warmer season and a brisker state of trade should arrive.

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading Year after year, since he had entered business, had he been flattered with hopes that permanent prosperity would come; that the ladies of England would continue to prize silk fabrics as the most beautiful material for dress; and would grow conscientious enough to refuse smuggled goods, when every conceivable variety could be had from the looms of their own country.

whetherconjunctionUS /ˈweðər/

used to introduce two or more possibilities

From this reading Mr. Culver's thoughts were occupied, during his slow and sad walk from the Mansion-house to his abode in the neighbourhood of Devonshire-square, by doubts whether a time of activity would ever arrive; or, if it did, how long it would last.

whosedeterminerUS /huːz/

belonging to which person

From this reading He had been attending a meeting at the Mansion-house, held on the behalf of the Spitalfields weavers, whose deplorable distress in the middle of the season caused fearful anticipations of what their condition might be before a warmer season and a brisker state of trade should arrive.

winter

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Mr. Culver, the silk-manufacturer, arrived at home later than the usual dinner hour, one dark winter day.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Year after year, since he had entered business, had he been flattered with hopes that permanent prosperity would come; that the ladies of England would continue to prize silk fabrics as the most beautiful material for dress; and would grow conscientious enough to refuse smuggled goods, when every conceivable variety could be had from the looms of their own country.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading Mr. Culver's thoughts were occupied, during his slow and sad walk from the Mansion-house to his abode in the neighbourhood of Devonshire-square, by doubts whether a time of activity would ever arrive; or, if it did, how long it would last.

Year

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Year after year, since he had entered business, had he been flattered with hopes that permanent prosperity would come; that the ladies of England would continue to prize silk fabrics as the most beautiful material for dress; and would grow conscientious enough to refuse smuggled goods, when every conceivable variety could be had from the looms of their own country.