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Illustrations of taxation
Illustrations of taxation

Chapter XII

Chapter 12 of Illustrations of taxation is here in full — 128 sentences across 26 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/25 · 5 lines
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HERESY.
Peterson was not long in performing his promise or threat of visiting B.’s cottage.
Indeed, he had so much to do now that it was necessary to fulfil his engagements as they arose, if he meant to discharge them all.
He was not only the lessee of the vicar’s tithes, which cost him no small trouble to gather in.
He was also the collector of Sir William Hood’s; and the time approached for making the usual valuation of the crops before harvest.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Illustrations of taxation

Chapter XII

Chapter 12 of Illustrations of taxation is here in full — 128 sentences across 26 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/25 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
HERESY.
/ˈherəsi/
Line 2
Peterson was not long in performing his promise or threat of visiting B.’s cottage.
Line 3
Indeed, he had so much to do now that it was necessary to fulfil his engagements as they arose, if he meant to discharge them all.
/ˌɪnˈdiːd hiː hæd soʊ mʌtʃ tuː duː naʊ ðæt ɪt wɑːz ˈnesəseri tuː fʊlˈfɪl hɪz enˈɡeɪdʒmənts æz ðeɪ ərˈoʊz ɪf hiː ment tuː dɪsˈtʃɑːrdʒ ðem ɔːl/
Line 4
He was not only the lessee of the vicar’s tithes, which cost him no small trouble to gather in.
Line 5
He was also the collector of Sir William Hood’s; and the time approached for making the usual valuation of the crops before harvest.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

collector noun US /kəˈlektər/

a person who collects things

From this reading “He was also the collector of Sir William Hood’s; and the time approached for making the usual valuation of the crops before harvest.”

crops noun US /krɑːps/

plural of “crop” — the yield from plants in a single growing season

From this reading “He was also the collector of Sir William Hood’s; and the time approached for making the usual valuation of the crops before harvest.”

engagements noun US /enˈɡeɪdʒmənts/

plural of “engagement” — a hostile meeting of opposing military forces in the course of a war

From this reading “Indeed, he had so much to do now that it was necessary to fulfil his engagements as they arose, if he meant to discharge them all.”

fulfil verb US /fʊlˈfɪl/

put in effect

From this reading “Indeed, he had so much to do now that it was necessary to fulfil his engagements as they arose, if he meant to discharge them all.”

heresy noun US /ˈherəsi/

any opinions or doctrines at variance with the official or orthodox position

From this reading “HERESY.”

lessee noun US /leˈsiː/

a tenant who holds a lease

From this reading “He was not only the lessee of the vicar’s tithes, which cost him no small trouble to gather in.”

performing noun US /pərˈfɔːrmɪŋ/

the performance of a part or role in a drama

From this reading “Peterson was not long in performing his promise or threat of visiting B.’s cottage.”

valuation noun US /væljuːˈeɪʃən/

an appraisal of the value of something

From this reading “He was also the collector of Sir William Hood’s; and the time approached for making the usual valuation of the crops before harvest.”

All words in this reading · 64

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading Indeed, he had so much to do now that it was necessary to fulfil his engagements as they arose, if he meant to discharge them all.

alsoadverbUS /ˈɔːlsoʊ/

in addition

From this reading He was also the collector of Sir William Hood’s; and the time approached for making the usual valuation of the crops before harvest.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading He was also the collector of Sir William Hood’s; and the time approached for making the usual valuation of the crops before harvest.

approachedverbUS /əˈproʊtʃt/

past form of “approach” — move towards

From this reading He was also the collector of Sir William Hood’s; and the time approached for making the usual valuation of the crops before harvest.

aroseverbUS /ərˈoʊz/

inflected form of “arise” — come into existence; take on form or shape

From this reading Indeed, he had so much to do now that it was necessary to fulfil his engagements as they arose, if he meant to discharge them all.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading Indeed, he had so much to do now that it was necessary to fulfil his engagements as they arose, if he meant to discharge them all.

BnounUS /biː/

aerobic rod-shaped spore-producing bacterium; often occurring in chainlike formations; found primarily in soil

From this reading Peterson was not long in performing his promise or threat of visiting B.’s cottage.

beforeprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading He was also the collector of Sir William Hood’s; and the time approached for making the usual valuation of the crops before harvest.

collectornounUS /kəˈlektər/

a person who collects things

From this reading He was also the collector of Sir William Hood’s; and the time approached for making the usual valuation of the crops before harvest.

costnounUS /kɑːst/

the total spent for goods or services including money and time and labor

From this reading He was not only the lessee of the vicar’s tithes, which cost him no small trouble to gather in.

cottagenounUS /ˈkɑːtədʒ/

a small house with a single story

From this reading Peterson was not long in performing his promise or threat of visiting B.’s cottage.

cropsnounUS /krɑːps/

plural of “crop” — the yield from plants in a single growing season

From this reading He was also the collector of Sir William Hood’s; and the time approached for making the usual valuation of the crops before harvest.

dischargeverbUS /dɪsˈtʃɑːrdʒ/

complete or carry out

From this reading Indeed, he had so much to do now that it was necessary to fulfil his engagements as they arose, if he meant to discharge them all.

doauxiliary verbUS /duː/

used to form questions and negatives, and to give emphasis

From this reading Indeed, he had so much to do now that it was necessary to fulfil his engagements as they arose, if he meant to discharge them all.

engagementsnounUS /enˈɡeɪdʒmənts/

plural of “engagement” — a hostile meeting of opposing military forces in the course of a war

From this reading Indeed, he had so much to do now that it was necessary to fulfil his engagements as they arose, if he meant to discharge them all.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading He was also the collector of Sir William Hood’s; and the time approached for making the usual valuation of the crops before harvest.

fulfilverbUS /fʊlˈfɪl/

put in effect

From this reading Indeed, he had so much to do now that it was necessary to fulfil his engagements as they arose, if he meant to discharge them all.

gatherverbUS /ˈɡæðər/

assemble or get together

From this reading He was not only the lessee of the vicar’s tithes, which cost him no small trouble to gather in.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading Indeed, he had so much to do now that it was necessary to fulfil his engagements as they arose, if he meant to discharge them all.

harvestnounUS /ˈhɑːrvəst/

the yield from plants in a single growing season

From this reading He was also the collector of Sir William Hood’s; and the time approached for making the usual valuation of the crops before harvest.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Indeed, he had so much to do now that it was necessary to fulfil his engagements as they arose, if he meant to discharge them all.

HERESYnounUS /ˈherəsi/

any opinions or doctrines at variance with the official or orthodox position

From this reading HERESY.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading He was not only the lessee of the vicar’s tithes, which cost him no small trouble to gather in.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading Peterson was not long in performing his promise or threat of visiting B.’s cottage.

Hood's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He was also the collector of Sir William Hood’s; and the time approached for making the usual valuation of the crops before harvest.

ifconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading Indeed, he had so much to do now that it was necessary to fulfil his engagements as they arose, if he meant to discharge them all.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Peterson was not long in performing his promise or threat of visiting B.’s cottage.

IndeedadverbUS /ˌɪnˈdiːd/

in truth (often tends to intensify)

From this reading Indeed, he had so much to do now that it was necessary to fulfil his engagements as they arose, if he meant to discharge them all.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading Indeed, he had so much to do now that it was necessary to fulfil his engagements as they arose, if he meant to discharge them all.

lesseenounUS /leˈsiː/

a tenant who holds a lease

From this reading He was not only the lessee of the vicar’s tithes, which cost him no small trouble to gather in.

longadjectiveUS /lɔːŋ/

primarily temporal sense; being or indicating a relatively great or greater than average duration or passage of time or a duration as specified

From this reading Peterson was not long in performing his promise or threat of visiting B.’s cottage.

makingnounUS /ˈmeɪkɪŋ/

the act that results in something coming to be

From this reading He was also the collector of Sir William Hood’s; and the time approached for making the usual valuation of the crops before harvest.

meantverbUS /ment/

inflected form of “mean” — mean or intend to express or convey

From this reading Indeed, he had so much to do now that it was necessary to fulfil his engagements as they arose, if he meant to discharge them all.

muchadverbUS /mʌtʃ/

to a great degree or extent

From this reading Indeed, he had so much to do now that it was necessary to fulfil his engagements as they arose, if he meant to discharge them all.

necessaryadjectiveUS /ˈnesəseri/

absolutely essential

From this reading Indeed, he had so much to do now that it was necessary to fulfil his engagements as they arose, if he meant to discharge them all.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading He was not only the lessee of the vicar’s tithes, which cost him no small trouble to gather in.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading Peterson was not long in performing his promise or threat of visiting B.’s cottage.

nowadverbUS /naʊ/

in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events

From this reading Indeed, he had so much to do now that it was necessary to fulfil his engagements as they arose, if he meant to discharge them all.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Peterson was not long in performing his promise or threat of visiting B.’s cottage.

onlyadverbUS /ˈoʊnli/

and nothing more

From this reading He was not only the lessee of the vicar’s tithes, which cost him no small trouble to gather in.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading Peterson was not long in performing his promise or threat of visiting B.’s cottage.

performingnounUS /pərˈfɔːrmɪŋ/

the performance of a part or role in a drama

From this reading Peterson was not long in performing his promise or threat of visiting B.’s cottage.

Peterson

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Peterson was not long in performing his promise or threat of visiting B.’s cottage.

promiseverbUS /ˈprɑːməs/

make a promise or commitment

From this reading Peterson was not long in performing his promise or threat of visiting B.’s cottage.

snounUS /es/

1/60 of a minute; the basic unit of time adopted under the Systeme International d'Unites

From this reading Peterson was not long in performing his promise or threat of visiting B.’s cottage.

SirnounUS /sɜːr/

term of address for a man

From this reading He was also the collector of Sir William Hood’s; and the time approached for making the usual valuation of the crops before harvest.

smalladjectiveUS /smɔːl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading He was not only the lessee of the vicar’s tithes, which cost him no small trouble to gather in.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading Indeed, he had so much to do now that it was necessary to fulfil his engagements as they arose, if he meant to discharge them all.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading Indeed, he had so much to do now that it was necessary to fulfil his engagements as they arose, if he meant to discharge them all.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading He was not only the lessee of the vicar’s tithes, which cost him no small trouble to gather in.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading Indeed, he had so much to do now that it was necessary to fulfil his engagements as they arose, if he meant to discharge them all.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Indeed, he had so much to do now that it was necessary to fulfil his engagements as they arose, if he meant to discharge them all.

threatnounUS /θret/

something that is a source of danger

From this reading Peterson was not long in performing his promise or threat of visiting B.’s cottage.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading He was also the collector of Sir William Hood’s; and the time approached for making the usual valuation of the crops before harvest.

tithes

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He was not only the lessee of the vicar’s tithes, which cost him no small trouble to gather in.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Indeed, he had so much to do now that it was necessary to fulfil his engagements as they arose, if he meant to discharge them all.

troublenounUS /ˈtrʌbəl/

a source of difficulty

From this reading He was not only the lessee of the vicar’s tithes, which cost him no small trouble to gather in.

usualadjectiveUS /ˈjuːʒəwəl/

occurring or encountered or experienced or observed frequently or in accordance with regular practice or procedure

From this reading He was also the collector of Sir William Hood’s; and the time approached for making the usual valuation of the crops before harvest.

valuationnounUS /væljuːˈeɪʃən/

an appraisal of the value of something

From this reading He was also the collector of Sir William Hood’s; and the time approached for making the usual valuation of the crops before harvest.

vicar's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He was not only the lessee of the vicar’s tithes, which cost him no small trouble to gather in.

visitingnounUS /ˈvɪzɪtɪŋ/

the activity of making visits

From this reading Peterson was not long in performing his promise or threat of visiting B.’s cottage.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Peterson was not long in performing his promise or threat of visiting B.’s cottage.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading He was not only the lessee of the vicar’s tithes, which cost him no small trouble to gather in.

William

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He was also the collector of Sir William Hood’s; and the time approached for making the usual valuation of the crops before harvest.

Chapter 12 of Illustrations of taxation by Harriet Martineau holds 128 sentences, grouped into 26 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 12 of Illustrations of taxation contain?

Chapter 12 holds 128 sentences of Illustrations of taxation, unabridged, divided into 26 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 12 of Illustrations of taxation by Harriet Martineau exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 128 sentences, grouped into 26 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 12 of Illustrations of taxation?

Work through the 26 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 26 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 12 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 12 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Illustrations of taxation

Common questions about reading Illustrations of taxation by Harriet Martineau on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Illustrations of taxation?

Yes. All 8157 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #77059 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Illustrations of taxation is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #77059, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Illustrations of taxation take to read?

About 600 minutes of reading across 1632 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Illustrations of taxation section by section

How to work through Illustrations of taxation section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 40 chapters of Illustrations of taxation to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Illustrations of taxation

Words and structures a reader meets early in Illustrations of taxation, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Volume
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Illustrations of taxation; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Collection
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Illustrations of taxation; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Previously
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Illustrations of taxation; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Published
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Illustrations of taxation; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.