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Illustrations of taxation
Illustrations of taxation

Chapter XXXIX

Chapter 39 of Illustrations of taxation is here in full — 46 sentences across 10 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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FAMILY SECRETS.
Mr. Arruther’s evil bodings had had some effect in depressing Owen’s spirits before he opened the following letter from his mother, which he found on the table of his little apartment when he reached his lodgings.
Nurse’s share of the correspondence with her son usually consisted of cheerful and loving messages, sent by some friendly mediator who might be likely to see Owen, or was about to drop him a line on business.
She had never before sent a letter, but once; and that was when the clergyman had stopped her in the churchyard, not only to ask after all her children, but to praise them according to their respective deserts.
On that occasion, nurse had gone straight to the schoolmaster, and asked him to give her a seat beside his desk, while she told him what she wished to express to Owen.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Illustrations of taxation

Chapter XXXIX

Chapter 39 of Illustrations of taxation is here in full — 46 sentences across 10 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/9 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
FAMILY SECRETS.
/ˈfæməli ˈsiːkrəts/
Line 2
Mr. Arruther’s evil bodings had had some effect in depressing Owen’s spirits before he opened the following letter from his mother, which he found on the table of his little apartment when he reached his lodgings.
Line 3
Nurse’s share of the correspondence with her son usually consisted of cheerful and loving messages, sent by some friendly mediator who might be likely to see Owen, or was about to drop him a line on business.
/ˈnɜːrsɪz ʃer ʌv ðə ˌkɔːrəˈspɑːndəns wɪð hɜːr sʌn ˈjuːʒəwəli kənˈsɪstəd ʌv ˈtʃɪrfəl ənd ˈlʌvɪŋ ˈmesədʒəz sent baɪ sʌm ˈfrendli ˈmiːdieɪtər huː maɪt biː ˈlaɪkli tuː siː ˈoʊən ɔːr wɑːz əˈbaʊt tuː drɑːp hɪm ə laɪn ɑːn ˈbɪznəs/
Line 4
She had never before sent a letter, but once; and that was when the clergyman had stopped her in the churchyard, not only to ask after all her children, but to praise them according to their respective deserts.
/ʃiː hæd ˈnevər bɪˈfɔːr sent ə ˈletər bʌt wʌns ənd ðæt wɑːz wen ðə ˈklɜːrdʒimən hæd stɑːpt hɜːr ɪn ðə ˈtʃɜːrtʃjɑːrd nɑːt ˈoʊnli tuː æsk ˈæftər ɔːl hɜːr ˈtʃɪldrən bʌt tuː preɪz ðem əˈkɔːrdɪŋ tuː ðer rɪˈspektɪv ˈdezərts/
Line 5
On that occasion, nurse had gone straight to the schoolmaster, and asked him to give her a seat beside his desk, while she told him what she wished to express to Owen.
/ɑːn ðæt əˈkeɪʒən nɜːrs hæd ɡɔːn streɪt tuː ðə ˈskuːlmæstər ənd æskt hɪm tuː ɡɪv hɜːr ə siːt bɪˈsaɪd hɪz desk waɪl ʃiː toʊld hɪm wʌt ʃiː wɪʃt tuː ɪkˈspres tuː ˈoʊən/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

churchyard noun US /ˈtʃɜːrtʃjɑːrd/

the yard associated with a church

From this reading “She had never before sent a letter, but once; and that was when the clergyman had stopped her in the churchyard, not only to ask after all her children, but to praise them according to their respective deserts.”

depressing adjective US /dɪˈpresɪŋ/

causing sad feelings of gloom and inadequacy

From this reading “Mr. Arruther’s evil bodings had had some effect in depressing Owen’s spirits before he opened the following letter from his mother, which he found on the table of his little apartment when he reached his lodgings.”

deserts noun US /ˈdezərts/

plural of “desert” — arid land with little or no vegetation

From this reading “She had never before sent a letter, but once; and that was when the clergyman had stopped her in the churchyard, not only to ask after all her children, but to praise them according to their respective deserts.”

mediator noun US /ˈmiːdieɪtər/

a negotiator who acts as a link between parties

From this reading “Nurse’s share of the correspondence with her son usually consisted of cheerful and loving messages, sent by some friendly mediator who might be likely to see Owen, or was about to drop him a line on business.”

Nurse's noun US /ˈnɜːrsɪz/

possessive form of “nurse” — one skilled in caring for young children or the sick (usually under the supervision of a physician)

Owen's noun US /ˈoʊənz/

possessive form of “owen” — Welsh industrialist and social reformer who founded cooperative communities (1771-1858)

respective adjective US /rɪˈspektɪv/

considered individually

From this reading “She had never before sent a letter, but once; and that was when the clergyman had stopped her in the churchyard, not only to ask after all her children, but to praise them according to their respective deserts.”

schoolmaster noun US /ˈskuːlmæstər/

presiding officer of a school

From this reading “On that occasion, nurse had gone straight to the schoolmaster, and asked him to give her a seat beside his desk, while she told him what she wished to express to Owen.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

following letter adjective + noun

In this reading “Mr. Arruther’s evil bodings had had some effect in depressing Owen’s spirits before he opened the following letter from his mother, which he found on the table of his little apartment when he reached his lodgings.”

on the table preposition + article + noun counted as “on … table”

able to be negotiated or arranged by compromise

In this reading “Mr. Arruther’s evil bodings had had some effect in depressing Owen’s spirits before he opened the following letter from his mother, which he found on the table of his little apartment when he reached his lodgings.”

consisted of verb + particle counted as “consist of”

In this reading “Nurse’s share of the correspondence with her son usually consisted of cheerful and loving messages, sent by some friendly mediator who might be likely to see Owen, or was about to drop him a line on business.”

in the churchyard preposition + article + noun counted as “in … churchyard”

In this reading “She had never before sent a letter, but once; and that was when the clergyman had stopped her in the churchyard, not only to ask after all her children, but to praise them according to their respective deserts.”

share of verb + particle

In this reading “Nurse’s share of the correspondence with her son usually consisted of cheerful and loving messages, sent by some friendly mediator who might be likely to see Owen, or was about to drop him a line on business.”

All words in this reading · 98

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Nurse’s share of the correspondence with her son usually consisted of cheerful and loving messages, sent by some friendly mediator who might be likely to see Owen, or was about to drop him a line on business.

aboutprepositionUS /əˈbaʊt/

on the subject of; concerning

From this reading Nurse’s share of the correspondence with her son usually consisted of cheerful and loving messages, sent by some friendly mediator who might be likely to see Owen, or was about to drop him a line on business.

accordingadjectiveUS /əˈkɔːrdɪŋ/

(followed by “to”) in agreement with or accordant with

From this reading She had never before sent a letter, but once; and that was when the clergyman had stopped her in the churchyard, not only to ask after all her children, but to praise them according to their respective deserts.

afterprepositionUS /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading She had never before sent a letter, but once; and that was when the clergyman had stopped her in the churchyard, not only to ask after all her children, but to praise them according to their respective deserts.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading She had never before sent a letter, but once; and that was when the clergyman had stopped her in the churchyard, not only to ask after all her children, but to praise them according to their respective deserts.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Nurse’s share of the correspondence with her son usually consisted of cheerful and loving messages, sent by some friendly mediator who might be likely to see Owen, or was about to drop him a line on business.

apartmentnounUS /əˈpɑːrtmənt/

a suite of rooms usually on one floor of an apartment house

From this reading Mr. Arruther’s evil bodings had had some effect in depressing Owen’s spirits before he opened the following letter from his mother, which he found on the table of his little apartment when he reached his lodgings.

Arruther's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Mr. Arruther’s evil bodings had had some effect in depressing Owen’s spirits before he opened the following letter from his mother, which he found on the table of his little apartment when he reached his lodgings.

askverbUS /æsk/

make a request or demand for something to somebody

From this reading She had never before sent a letter, but once; and that was when the clergyman had stopped her in the churchyard, not only to ask after all her children, but to praise them according to their respective deserts.

askedverbUS /æskt/

past form of “ask” — make a request or demand for something to somebody

From this reading On that occasion, nurse had gone straight to the schoolmaster, and asked him to give her a seat beside his desk, while she told him what she wished to express to Owen.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading Nurse’s share of the correspondence with her son usually consisted of cheerful and loving messages, sent by some friendly mediator who might be likely to see Owen, or was about to drop him a line on business.

beforeprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading Mr. Arruther’s evil bodings had had some effect in depressing Owen’s spirits before he opened the following letter from his mother, which he found on the table of his little apartment when he reached his lodgings.

besideprepositionUS /bɪˈsaɪd/

next to; at the side of

From this reading On that occasion, nurse had gone straight to the schoolmaster, and asked him to give her a seat beside his desk, while she told him what she wished to express to Owen.

bodings

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Mr. Arruther’s evil bodings had had some effect in depressing Owen’s spirits before he opened the following letter from his mother, which he found on the table of his little apartment when he reached his lodgings.

businessnounUS /ˈbɪznəs/

a commercial or industrial enterprise and the people who constitute it

From this reading Nurse’s share of the correspondence with her son usually consisted of cheerful and loving messages, sent by some friendly mediator who might be likely to see Owen, or was about to drop him a line on business.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading She had never before sent a letter, but once; and that was when the clergyman had stopped her in the churchyard, not only to ask after all her children, but to praise them according to their respective deserts.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading Nurse’s share of the correspondence with her son usually consisted of cheerful and loving messages, sent by some friendly mediator who might be likely to see Owen, or was about to drop him a line on business.

cheerfuladjectiveUS /ˈtʃɪrfəl/

being full of or promoting cheer; having or showing good spirits

From this reading Nurse’s share of the correspondence with her son usually consisted of cheerful and loving messages, sent by some friendly mediator who might be likely to see Owen, or was about to drop him a line on business.

childrennounUS /ˈtʃɪldrən/

plural of “child” — a young person of either sex

From this reading She had never before sent a letter, but once; and that was when the clergyman had stopped her in the churchyard, not only to ask after all her children, but to praise them according to their respective deserts.

churchyardnounUS /ˈtʃɜːrtʃjɑːrd/

the yard associated with a church

From this reading She had never before sent a letter, but once; and that was when the clergyman had stopped her in the churchyard, not only to ask after all her children, but to praise them according to their respective deserts.

clergymannounUS /ˈklɜːrdʒimən/

a member of the clergy and a spiritual leader of the Christian Church

From this reading She had never before sent a letter, but once; and that was when the clergyman had stopped her in the churchyard, not only to ask after all her children, but to praise them according to their respective deserts.

consistedverbUS /kənˈsɪstəd/

past form of “consist” — originate

From this reading Nurse’s share of the correspondence with her son usually consisted of cheerful and loving messages, sent by some friendly mediator who might be likely to see Owen, or was about to drop him a line on business.

correspondencenounUS /ˌkɔːrəˈspɑːndəns/

communication by the exchange of letters

From this reading Nurse’s share of the correspondence with her son usually consisted of cheerful and loving messages, sent by some friendly mediator who might be likely to see Owen, or was about to drop him a line on business.

depressingadjectiveUS /dɪˈpresɪŋ/

causing sad feelings of gloom and inadequacy

From this reading Mr. Arruther’s evil bodings had had some effect in depressing Owen’s spirits before he opened the following letter from his mother, which he found on the table of his little apartment when he reached his lodgings.

desertsnounUS /ˈdezərts/

plural of “desert” — arid land with little or no vegetation

From this reading She had never before sent a letter, but once; and that was when the clergyman had stopped her in the churchyard, not only to ask after all her children, but to praise them according to their respective deserts.

desknounUS /desk/

a piece of furniture with a writing surface and usually drawers or other compartments

From this reading On that occasion, nurse had gone straight to the schoolmaster, and asked him to give her a seat beside his desk, while she told him what she wished to express to Owen.

dropverbUS /drɑːp/

let fall to the ground

From this reading Nurse’s share of the correspondence with her son usually consisted of cheerful and loving messages, sent by some friendly mediator who might be likely to see Owen, or was about to drop him a line on business.

effectnounUS /ɪˈfekt/

a phenomenon that follows and is caused by some previous phenomenon

From this reading Mr. Arruther’s evil bodings had had some effect in depressing Owen’s spirits before he opened the following letter from his mother, which he found on the table of his little apartment when he reached his lodgings.

evilnounUS /ˈiːvəl/

morally objectionable behavior

From this reading Mr. Arruther’s evil bodings had had some effect in depressing Owen’s spirits before he opened the following letter from his mother, which he found on the table of his little apartment when he reached his lodgings.

expressverbUS /ɪkˈspres/

give expression to

From this reading On that occasion, nurse had gone straight to the schoolmaster, and asked him to give her a seat beside his desk, while she told him what she wished to express to Owen.

FAMILYnounUS /ˈfæməli/

a social unit living together

From this reading FAMILY SECRETS.

followingadjectiveUS /ˈfɑːloʊɪŋ/

about to be mentioned or specified

From this reading Mr. Arruther’s evil bodings had had some effect in depressing Owen’s spirits before he opened the following letter from his mother, which he found on the table of his little apartment when he reached his lodgings.

foundverbUS /faʊnd/

set up or found

From this reading Mr. Arruther’s evil bodings had had some effect in depressing Owen’s spirits before he opened the following letter from his mother, which he found on the table of his little apartment when he reached his lodgings.

friendlyadjectiveUS /ˈfrendli/

characteristic of or befitting a friend

From this reading Nurse’s share of the correspondence with her son usually consisted of cheerful and loving messages, sent by some friendly mediator who might be likely to see Owen, or was about to drop him a line on business.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading Mr. Arruther’s evil bodings had had some effect in depressing Owen’s spirits before he opened the following letter from his mother, which he found on the table of his little apartment when he reached his lodgings.

giveverbUS /ɡɪv/

cause to have, in the abstract sense or physical sense

From this reading On that occasion, nurse had gone straight to the schoolmaster, and asked him to give her a seat beside his desk, while she told him what she wished to express to Owen.

goneadjectiveUS /ɡɔːn/

destroyed or killed

From this reading On that occasion, nurse had gone straight to the schoolmaster, and asked him to give her a seat beside his desk, while she told him what she wished to express to Owen.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading Mr. Arruther’s evil bodings had had some effect in depressing Owen’s spirits before he opened the following letter from his mother, which he found on the table of his little apartment when he reached his lodgings.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Mr. Arruther’s evil bodings had had some effect in depressing Owen’s spirits before he opened the following letter from his mother, which he found on the table of his little apartment when he reached his lodgings.

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading Nurse’s share of the correspondence with her son usually consisted of cheerful and loving messages, sent by some friendly mediator who might be likely to see Owen, or was about to drop him a line on business.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading Nurse’s share of the correspondence with her son usually consisted of cheerful and loving messages, sent by some friendly mediator who might be likely to see Owen, or was about to drop him a line on business.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading Mr. Arruther’s evil bodings had had some effect in depressing Owen’s spirits before he opened the following letter from his mother, which he found on the table of his little apartment when he reached his lodgings.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Mr. Arruther’s evil bodings had had some effect in depressing Owen’s spirits before he opened the following letter from his mother, which he found on the table of his little apartment when he reached his lodgings.

letternounUS /ˈletər/

a written message addressed to a person or organization

From this reading Mr. Arruther’s evil bodings had had some effect in depressing Owen’s spirits before he opened the following letter from his mother, which he found on the table of his little apartment when he reached his lodgings.

likelyadjectiveUS /ˈlaɪkli/

has a good chance of being the case or of coming about

From this reading Nurse’s share of the correspondence with her son usually consisted of cheerful and loving messages, sent by some friendly mediator who might be likely to see Owen, or was about to drop him a line on business.

linenounUS /laɪn/

a formation of people or things one beside another

From this reading Nurse’s share of the correspondence with her son usually consisted of cheerful and loving messages, sent by some friendly mediator who might be likely to see Owen, or was about to drop him a line on business.

littleadjectiveUS /ˈlɪtəl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading Mr. Arruther’s evil bodings had had some effect in depressing Owen’s spirits before he opened the following letter from his mother, which he found on the table of his little apartment when he reached his lodgings.

lodgingsnounUS /ˈlɑːdʒɪŋz/

temporary living quarters

From this reading Mr. Arruther’s evil bodings had had some effect in depressing Owen’s spirits before he opened the following letter from his mother, which he found on the table of his little apartment when he reached his lodgings.

lovingadjectiveUS /ˈlʌvɪŋ/

feeling or showing love and affection

From this reading Nurse’s share of the correspondence with her son usually consisted of cheerful and loving messages, sent by some friendly mediator who might be likely to see Owen, or was about to drop him a line on business.

mediatornounUS /ˈmiːdieɪtər/

a negotiator who acts as a link between parties

From this reading Nurse’s share of the correspondence with her son usually consisted of cheerful and loving messages, sent by some friendly mediator who might be likely to see Owen, or was about to drop him a line on business.

messagesnounUS /ˈmesədʒəz/

plural of “message” — a communication (usually brief) that is written or spoken or signaled

From this reading Nurse’s share of the correspondence with her son usually consisted of cheerful and loving messages, sent by some friendly mediator who might be likely to see Owen, or was about to drop him a line on business.

mightmodal verbUS /maɪt/

used to say something is possible but not certain

From this reading Nurse’s share of the correspondence with her son usually consisted of cheerful and loving messages, sent by some friendly mediator who might be likely to see Owen, or was about to drop him a line on business.

mothernounUS /ˈmʌðər/

a woman who has given birth to a child (also used as a term of address to your mother)

From this reading Mr. Arruther’s evil bodings had had some effect in depressing Owen’s spirits before he opened the following letter from his mother, which he found on the table of his little apartment when he reached his lodgings.

MrnounUS /ˈmɪstər/

a form of address for a man

From this reading Mr. Arruther’s evil bodings had had some effect in depressing Owen’s spirits before he opened the following letter from his mother, which he found on the table of his little apartment when he reached his lodgings.

neveradverbUS /ˈnevər/

not ever; at no time in the past or future

From this reading She had never before sent a letter, but once; and that was when the clergyman had stopped her in the churchyard, not only to ask after all her children, but to praise them according to their respective deserts.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading She had never before sent a letter, but once; and that was when the clergyman had stopped her in the churchyard, not only to ask after all her children, but to praise them according to their respective deserts.

nurseverbUS /nɜːrs/

try to cure by special care of treatment, of an illness or injury

From this reading On that occasion, nurse had gone straight to the schoolmaster, and asked him to give her a seat beside his desk, while she told him what she wished to express to Owen.

Nurse'snounUS /ˈnɜːrsɪz/

possessive form of “nurse” — one skilled in caring for young children or the sick (usually under the supervision of a physician)

From this reading Nurse’s share of the correspondence with her son usually consisted of cheerful and loving messages, sent by some friendly mediator who might be likely to see Owen, or was about to drop him a line on business.

occasionnounUS /əˈkeɪʒən/

an event that occurs at a critical time

From this reading On that occasion, nurse had gone straight to the schoolmaster, and asked him to give her a seat beside his desk, while she told him what she wished to express to Owen.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Mr. Arruther’s evil bodings had had some effect in depressing Owen’s spirits before he opened the following letter from his mother, which he found on the table of his little apartment when he reached his lodgings.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading Mr. Arruther’s evil bodings had had some effect in depressing Owen’s spirits before he opened the following letter from his mother, which he found on the table of his little apartment when he reached his lodgings.

onceadverbUS /wʌns/

on one occasion

From this reading She had never before sent a letter, but once; and that was when the clergyman had stopped her in the churchyard, not only to ask after all her children, but to praise them according to their respective deserts.

onlyadverbUS /ˈoʊnli/

and nothing more

From this reading She had never before sent a letter, but once; and that was when the clergyman had stopped her in the churchyard, not only to ask after all her children, but to praise them according to their respective deserts.

openedadjectiveUS /ˈoʊpənd/

used of mouth or eyes

From this reading Mr. Arruther’s evil bodings had had some effect in depressing Owen’s spirits before he opened the following letter from his mother, which he found on the table of his little apartment when he reached his lodgings.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading Nurse’s share of the correspondence with her son usually consisted of cheerful and loving messages, sent by some friendly mediator who might be likely to see Owen, or was about to drop him a line on business.

OwennounUS /ˈoʊən/

Welsh industrialist and social reformer who founded cooperative communities (1771-1858)

From this reading Nurse’s share of the correspondence with her son usually consisted of cheerful and loving messages, sent by some friendly mediator who might be likely to see Owen, or was about to drop him a line on business.

Owen'snounUS /ˈoʊənz/

possessive form of “owen” — Welsh industrialist and social reformer who founded cooperative communities (1771-1858)

From this reading Mr. Arruther’s evil bodings had had some effect in depressing Owen’s spirits before he opened the following letter from his mother, which he found on the table of his little apartment when he reached his lodgings.

praisenounUS /preɪz/

an expression of approval and commendation

From this reading She had never before sent a letter, but once; and that was when the clergyman had stopped her in the churchyard, not only to ask after all her children, but to praise them according to their respective deserts.

reachedverbUS /riːtʃt/

past form of “reach” — reach a destination, either real or abstract

From this reading Mr. Arruther’s evil bodings had had some effect in depressing Owen’s spirits before he opened the following letter from his mother, which he found on the table of his little apartment when he reached his lodgings.

respectiveadjectiveUS /rɪˈspektɪv/

considered individually

From this reading She had never before sent a letter, but once; and that was when the clergyman had stopped her in the churchyard, not only to ask after all her children, but to praise them according to their respective deserts.

schoolmasternounUS /ˈskuːlmæstər/

presiding officer of a school

From this reading On that occasion, nurse had gone straight to the schoolmaster, and asked him to give her a seat beside his desk, while she told him what she wished to express to Owen.

seatnounUS /siːt/

a space reserved for sitting (as in a theater or on a train or airplane)

From this reading On that occasion, nurse had gone straight to the schoolmaster, and asked him to give her a seat beside his desk, while she told him what she wished to express to Owen.

SECRETSnounUS /ˈsiːkrəts/

plural of “secret” — something that should remain hidden from others (especially information that is not to be passed on)

From this reading FAMILY SECRETS.

seeverbUS /siː/

perceive by sight or have the power to perceive by sight

From this reading Nurse’s share of the correspondence with her son usually consisted of cheerful and loving messages, sent by some friendly mediator who might be likely to see Owen, or was about to drop him a line on business.

sentnounUS /sent/

100 senti equal 1 kroon in Estonia

From this reading Nurse’s share of the correspondence with her son usually consisted of cheerful and loving messages, sent by some friendly mediator who might be likely to see Owen, or was about to drop him a line on business.

shareverbUS /ʃer/

have in common

From this reading Nurse’s share of the correspondence with her son usually consisted of cheerful and loving messages, sent by some friendly mediator who might be likely to see Owen, or was about to drop him a line on business.

ShepronounUS /ʃiː/

a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading She had never before sent a letter, but once; and that was when the clergyman had stopped her in the churchyard, not only to ask after all her children, but to praise them according to their respective deserts.

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading Mr. Arruther’s evil bodings had had some effect in depressing Owen’s spirits before he opened the following letter from his mother, which he found on the table of his little apartment when he reached his lodgings.

sonnounUS /sʌn/

a male human offspring

From this reading Nurse’s share of the correspondence with her son usually consisted of cheerful and loving messages, sent by some friendly mediator who might be likely to see Owen, or was about to drop him a line on business.

spiritsnounUS /ˈspɪrɪts/

an alcoholic beverage that is distilled rather than fermented

From this reading Mr. Arruther’s evil bodings had had some effect in depressing Owen’s spirits before he opened the following letter from his mother, which he found on the table of his little apartment when he reached his lodgings.

stoppedadjectiveUS /stɑːpt/

(of a nose) blocked

From this reading She had never before sent a letter, but once; and that was when the clergyman had stopped her in the churchyard, not only to ask after all her children, but to praise them according to their respective deserts.

straightadjectiveUS /streɪt/

successive (without a break)

From this reading On that occasion, nurse had gone straight to the schoolmaster, and asked him to give her a seat beside his desk, while she told him what she wished to express to Owen.

tablenounUS /ˈteɪbəl/

a set of data arranged in rows and columns

From this reading Mr. Arruther’s evil bodings had had some effect in depressing Owen’s spirits before he opened the following letter from his mother, which he found on the table of his little apartment when he reached his lodgings.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading She had never before sent a letter, but once; and that was when the clergyman had stopped her in the churchyard, not only to ask after all her children, but to praise them according to their respective deserts.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Mr. Arruther’s evil bodings had had some effect in depressing Owen’s spirits before he opened the following letter from his mother, which he found on the table of his little apartment when he reached his lodgings.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading She had never before sent a letter, but once; and that was when the clergyman had stopped her in the churchyard, not only to ask after all her children, but to praise them according to their respective deserts.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading She had never before sent a letter, but once; and that was when the clergyman had stopped her in the churchyard, not only to ask after all her children, but to praise them according to their respective deserts.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Nurse’s share of the correspondence with her son usually consisted of cheerful and loving messages, sent by some friendly mediator who might be likely to see Owen, or was about to drop him a line on business.

toldverbUS /toʊld/

inflected form of “tell” — express in words

From this reading On that occasion, nurse had gone straight to the schoolmaster, and asked him to give her a seat beside his desk, while she told him what she wished to express to Owen.

usuallyadverbUS /ˈjuːʒəwəli/

under normal conditions

From this reading Nurse’s share of the correspondence with her son usually consisted of cheerful and loving messages, sent by some friendly mediator who might be likely to see Owen, or was about to drop him a line on business.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Nurse’s share of the correspondence with her son usually consisted of cheerful and loving messages, sent by some friendly mediator who might be likely to see Owen, or was about to drop him a line on business.

whatpronounUS /wʌt/

used to ask for information about something

From this reading On that occasion, nurse had gone straight to the schoolmaster, and asked him to give her a seat beside his desk, while she told him what she wished to express to Owen.

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading Mr. Arruther’s evil bodings had had some effect in depressing Owen’s spirits before he opened the following letter from his mother, which he found on the table of his little apartment when he reached his lodgings.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading Mr. Arruther’s evil bodings had had some effect in depressing Owen’s spirits before he opened the following letter from his mother, which he found on the table of his little apartment when he reached his lodgings.

whileconjunctionUS /waɪl/

during the time that

From this reading On that occasion, nurse had gone straight to the schoolmaster, and asked him to give her a seat beside his desk, while she told him what she wished to express to Owen.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading Nurse’s share of the correspondence with her son usually consisted of cheerful and loving messages, sent by some friendly mediator who might be likely to see Owen, or was about to drop him a line on business.

wishedverbUS /wɪʃt/

past form of “wish” — hope for; have a wish

From this reading On that occasion, nurse had gone straight to the schoolmaster, and asked him to give her a seat beside his desk, while she told him what she wished to express to Owen.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Nurse’s share of the correspondence with her son usually consisted of cheerful and loving messages, sent by some friendly mediator who might be likely to see Owen, or was about to drop him a line on business.

Chapter 39 of Illustrations of taxation by Harriet Martineau holds 46 sentences, grouped into 10 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 39 of Illustrations of taxation contain?

Chapter 39 holds 46 sentences of Illustrations of taxation, unabridged, divided into 10 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 39 of Illustrations of taxation by Harriet Martineau exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 46 sentences, grouped into 10 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 39 of Illustrations of taxation?

Work through the 10 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 10 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 39 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 39 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Illustrations of taxation

Common questions about reading Illustrations of taxation by Harriet Martineau on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Illustrations of taxation?

Yes. All 8157 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #77059 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Illustrations of taxation is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #77059, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Illustrations of taxation take to read?

About 600 minutes of reading across 1632 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Illustrations of taxation

Words and structures a reader meets early in Illustrations of taxation, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Volume
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Illustrations of taxation; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Collection
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Illustrations of taxation; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Previously
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Illustrations of taxation; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Published
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Illustrations of taxation; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.