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In Old Kentucky
In Old Kentucky

Chapter IX · Chapter 9

Chapter 9 of In Old Kentucky is here in full — 427 sentences across 86 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/85 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
His visitors took Layson by surprise, next morning.
They had started from the valley long before he had supposed they would.
Holton saw him first and nudged his daughter, who was with him.
They were well ahead of Miss Alathea and the Colonel, who had been unable to keep up with them upon the final sharp ascent of the foot-journey from the wagon-road.
The old man grinned unpleasantly.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

In Old Kentucky

Chapter IX · Chapter 9

Chapter 9 of In Old Kentucky is here in full — 427 sentences across 86 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/85 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
His visitors took Layson by surprise, next morning.
Line 2
They had started from the valley long before he had supposed they would.
/ðeɪ hæd ˈstɑːrtɪd frʌm ðə ˈvæli lɔːŋ bɪˈfɔːr hiː hæd səˈpoʊzd ðeɪ wʊd/
Line 3
Holton saw him first and nudged his daughter, who was with him.
Line 4
They were well ahead of Miss Alathea and the Colonel, who had been unable to keep up with them upon the final sharp ascent of the foot-journey from the wagon-road.
Line 5
The old man grinned unpleasantly.
/ðə oʊld mæn ɡrɪnd ənˈplezəntli/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

ahead adverb US /əˈhed/

at or in the front

From this reading “They were well ahead of Miss Alathea and the Colonel, who had been unable to keep up with them upon the final sharp ascent of the foot-journey from the wagon-road.”

ascent noun US /əˈsent/

an upward slope or grade (as in a road)

From this reading “They were well ahead of Miss Alathea and the Colonel, who had been unable to keep up with them upon the final sharp ascent of the foot-journey from the wagon-road.”

final adjective US /ˈfaɪnəl/

occurring at or forming an end or termination

From this reading “They were well ahead of Miss Alathea and the Colonel, who had been unable to keep up with them upon the final sharp ascent of the foot-journey from the wagon-road.”

grinned verb US /ɡrɪnd/

inflected form of “grin” — to draw back the lips and reveal the teeth, in a smile, grimace, or snarl

From this reading “The old man grinned unpleasantly.”

nudged verb US /nʌdʒd/

past form of “nudge” — to push against gently

From this reading “Holton saw him first and nudged his daughter, who was with him.”

unable adjective US /əˈneɪbəl/

(usually followed by “to”) not having the necessary means or skill or know-how

From this reading “They were well ahead of Miss Alathea and the Colonel, who had been unable to keep up with them upon the final sharp ascent of the foot-journey from the wagon-road.”

unpleasantly adverb US /ənˈplezəntli/

in an unpleasant manner

From this reading “The old man grinned unpleasantly.”

visitors noun US /ˈvɪzɪtərz/

plural of “visitor” — someone who visits

From this reading “His visitors took Layson by surprise, next morning.”

All words in this reading · 52

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

aheadadverbUS /əˈhed/

at or in the front

From this reading They were well ahead of Miss Alathea and the Colonel, who had been unable to keep up with them upon the final sharp ascent of the foot-journey from the wagon-road.

Alathea

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They were well ahead of Miss Alathea and the Colonel, who had been unable to keep up with them upon the final sharp ascent of the foot-journey from the wagon-road.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Holton saw him first and nudged his daughter, who was with him.

ascentnounUS /əˈsent/

an upward slope or grade (as in a road)

From this reading They were well ahead of Miss Alathea and the Colonel, who had been unable to keep up with them upon the final sharp ascent of the foot-journey from the wagon-road.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading They were well ahead of Miss Alathea and the Colonel, who had been unable to keep up with them upon the final sharp ascent of the foot-journey from the wagon-road.

beforeprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading They had started from the valley long before he had supposed they would.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading His visitors took Layson by surprise, next morning.

ColonelnounUS /ˈkɜːrnəl/

a commissioned military officer in the United States Army or Air Force or Marines who ranks above a lieutenant colonel and below a brigadier general

From this reading They were well ahead of Miss Alathea and the Colonel, who had been unable to keep up with them upon the final sharp ascent of the foot-journey from the wagon-road.

daughternounUS /ˈdɔːtər/

a female human offspring

From this reading Holton saw him first and nudged his daughter, who was with him.

finaladjectiveUS /ˈfaɪnəl/

occurring at or forming an end or termination

From this reading They were well ahead of Miss Alathea and the Colonel, who had been unable to keep up with them upon the final sharp ascent of the foot-journey from the wagon-road.

firstadjectiveUS /fɜːrst/

preceding all others in time or space or degree

From this reading Holton saw him first and nudged his daughter, who was with him.

foot-journey

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They were well ahead of Miss Alathea and the Colonel, who had been unable to keep up with them upon the final sharp ascent of the foot-journey from the wagon-road.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading They had started from the valley long before he had supposed they would.

grinnedverbUS /ɡrɪnd/

inflected form of “grin” — to draw back the lips and reveal the teeth, in a smile, grimace, or snarl

From this reading The old man grinned unpleasantly.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading They had started from the valley long before he had supposed they would.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading They had started from the valley long before he had supposed they would.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading Holton saw him first and nudged his daughter, who was with him.

HisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading His visitors took Layson by surprise, next morning.

Holton

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Holton saw him first and nudged his daughter, who was with him.

keepverbUS /kiːp/

cause to continue in a certain state, position, or activity; e.g., “keep clean”

From this reading They were well ahead of Miss Alathea and the Colonel, who had been unable to keep up with them upon the final sharp ascent of the foot-journey from the wagon-road.

Layson

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading His visitors took Layson by surprise, next morning.

longadjectiveUS /lɔːŋ/

primarily temporal sense; being or indicating a relatively great or greater than average duration or passage of time or a duration as specified

From this reading They had started from the valley long before he had supposed they would.

mannounUS /mæn/

an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)

From this reading The old man grinned unpleasantly.

MissverbUS /mɪs/

fail to perceive or to catch with the senses or the mind

From this reading They were well ahead of Miss Alathea and the Colonel, who had been unable to keep up with them upon the final sharp ascent of the foot-journey from the wagon-road.

morningnounUS /ˈmɔːrnɪŋ/

the time period between dawn and noon

From this reading His visitors took Layson by surprise, next morning.

nextadjectiveUS /nekst/

immediately following in time or order

From this reading His visitors took Layson by surprise, next morning.

nudgedverbUS /nʌdʒd/

past form of “nudge” — to push against gently

From this reading Holton saw him first and nudged his daughter, who was with him.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading They were well ahead of Miss Alathea and the Colonel, who had been unable to keep up with them upon the final sharp ascent of the foot-journey from the wagon-road.

oldadjectiveUS /oʊld/

(used especially of persons) having lived for a relatively long time or attained a specific age

From this reading The old man grinned unpleasantly.

sawverbUS /sɔː/

cut with a saw

From this reading Holton saw him first and nudged his daughter, who was with him.

sharpadjectiveUS /ʃɑːrp/

(of something seen or heard) clearly defined

From this reading They were well ahead of Miss Alathea and the Colonel, who had been unable to keep up with them upon the final sharp ascent of the foot-journey from the wagon-road.

startedverbUS /ˈstɑːrtɪd/

past form of “start” — take the first step or steps in carrying out an action

From this reading They had started from the valley long before he had supposed they would.

supposedadjectiveUS /səˈpoʊzd/

required or under orders

From this reading They had started from the valley long before he had supposed they would.

surprisenounUS /sərˈpraɪz/

the astonishment you feel when something totally unexpected happens to you

From this reading His visitors took Layson by surprise, next morning.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading They had started from the valley long before he had supposed they would.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading They were well ahead of Miss Alathea and the Colonel, who had been unable to keep up with them upon the final sharp ascent of the foot-journey from the wagon-road.

TheypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading They had started from the valley long before he had supposed they would.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading They were well ahead of Miss Alathea and the Colonel, who had been unable to keep up with them upon the final sharp ascent of the foot-journey from the wagon-road.

tookverbUS /tʊk/

inflected form of “take” — carry out

From this reading His visitors took Layson by surprise, next morning.

unableadjectiveUS /əˈneɪbəl/

(usually followed by “to”) not having the necessary means or skill or know-how

From this reading They were well ahead of Miss Alathea and the Colonel, who had been unable to keep up with them upon the final sharp ascent of the foot-journey from the wagon-road.

unpleasantlyadverbUS /ənˈplezəntli/

in an unpleasant manner

From this reading The old man grinned unpleasantly.

upadjectiveUS /ʌp/

being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level

From this reading They were well ahead of Miss Alathea and the Colonel, who had been unable to keep up with them upon the final sharp ascent of the foot-journey from the wagon-road.

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading They were well ahead of Miss Alathea and the Colonel, who had been unable to keep up with them upon the final sharp ascent of the foot-journey from the wagon-road.

valleynounUS /ˈvæli/

a long depression in the surface of the land that usually contains a river

From this reading They had started from the valley long before he had supposed they would.

visitorsnounUS /ˈvɪzɪtərz/

plural of “visitor” — someone who visits

From this reading His visitors took Layson by surprise, next morning.

wagon-road

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They were well ahead of Miss Alathea and the Colonel, who had been unable to keep up with them upon the final sharp ascent of the foot-journey from the wagon-road.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Holton saw him first and nudged his daughter, who was with him.

welladverbUS /wel/

(often used as a combining form) in a good or proper or satisfactory manner or to a high standard (“good” is a nonstandard dialectal variant for “well”)

From this reading They were well ahead of Miss Alathea and the Colonel, who had been unable to keep up with them upon the final sharp ascent of the foot-journey from the wagon-road.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading They were well ahead of Miss Alathea and the Colonel, who had been unable to keep up with them upon the final sharp ascent of the foot-journey from the wagon-road.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading Holton saw him first and nudged his daughter, who was with him.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Holton saw him first and nudged his daughter, who was with him.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading They had started from the valley long before he had supposed they would.

Chapter 9 of In Old Kentucky by Edward Marshall holds 427 sentences, grouped into 86 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 9 of In Old Kentucky contain?

Chapter 9 holds 427 sentences of In Old Kentucky, unabridged, divided into 86 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 9 of In Old Kentucky by Edward Marshall exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 427 sentences, grouped into 86 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 9 of In Old Kentucky?

Work through the 86 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 86 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 9 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 9 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading In Old Kentucky

Common questions about reading In Old Kentucky by Edward Marshall on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of In Old Kentucky?

Yes. All 4853 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #13933 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of In Old Kentucky is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #13933, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does In Old Kentucky take to read?

About 404 minutes of reading across 971 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read In Old Kentucky section by section

How to work through In Old Kentucky section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 19 chapters of In Old Kentucky to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in In Old Kentucky

Words and structures a reader meets early in In Old Kentucky, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Coming
A word that appears in the opening chapter of In Old Kentucky; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Singing
A word that appears in the opening chapter of In Old Kentucky; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Mountain--
A word that appears in the opening chapter of In Old Kentucky; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Mounted
A word that appears in the opening chapter of In Old Kentucky; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.