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In the Days of Poor Richard
In the Days of Poor Richard

Chapter XVII · Chapter 17

Chapter 17 of In the Days of Poor Richard is here in full — 102 sentences across 21 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/20 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
WITH THE ARMY AND IN THE BUSH In January, 1777, Colonel Irons writes to his father from Morristown, New Jersey, as follows:
"An army is a despotic machine.
For that reason chiefly our men do not like military service.
It is hard to induce them to enlist for long terms.
They are released by expiration long before they have been trained and seasoned for good service.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

In the Days of Poor Richard

Chapter XVII · Chapter 17

Chapter 17 of In the Days of Poor Richard is here in full — 102 sentences across 21 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/20 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
WITH THE ARMY AND IN THE BUSH In January, 1777, Colonel Irons writes to his father from Morristown, New Jersey, as follows:
Line 2
"An army is a despotic machine.
/æn ˈɑːrmi ɪz ə dɪˈspɑːtɪk məˈʃiːn/
Line 3
For that reason chiefly our men do not like military service.
/fɔːr ðæt ˈriːzən ˈtʃiːfli ˈaʊər men duː nɑːt laɪk ˈmɪləteri ˈsɜːrvəs/
Line 4
It is hard to induce them to enlist for long terms.
/ɪt ɪz hɑːrd tuː ˌɪnˈduːs ðem tuː ˌenˈlɪst fɔːr lɔːŋ tɜːrmz/
Line 5
They are released by expiration long before they have been trained and seasoned for good service.
/ðeɪ ɑːr riˈliːst baɪ ˌekspərˈeɪʃən lɔːŋ bɪˈfɔːr ðeɪ hæv bɪn treɪnd ənd ˈsiːzənd fɔːr ɡʊd ˈsɜːrvəs/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

despotic adjective US /dɪˈspɑːtɪk/

belonging to or having the characteristics of a despot

From this reading “"An army is a despotic machine.”

enlist verb US /ˌenˈlɪst/

join the military

From this reading “It is hard to induce them to enlist for long terms.”

expiration noun US /ˌekspərˈeɪʃən/

a coming to an end of a contract period

From this reading “They are released by expiration long before they have been trained and seasoned for good service.”

induce verb US /ˌɪnˈduːs/

cause to arise

From this reading “It is hard to induce them to enlist for long terms.”

Irons noun US /ˈaɪərnz/

metal shackles; for hands or legs

From this reading “WITH THE ARMY AND IN THE BUSH In January, 1777, Colonel Irons writes to his father from Morristown, New Jersey, as follows:”

Jersey noun US /ˈdʒɜːrzi/

a Mid-Atlantic state on the Atlantic; one of the original 13 colonies

From this reading “WITH THE ARMY AND IN THE BUSH In January, 1777, Colonel Irons writes to his father from Morristown, New Jersey, as follows:”

Morristown noun US /ˈmɔːrəstaʊn/

a town in northern New Jersey where the Continental Army spent two winters

From this reading “WITH THE ARMY AND IN THE BUSH In January, 1777, Colonel Irons writes to his father from Morristown, New Jersey, as follows:”

seasoned adjective US /ˈsiːzənd/

aged or processed

From this reading “They are released by expiration long before they have been trained and seasoned for good service.”

All words in this reading · 54

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

1777

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading WITH THE ARMY AND IN THE BUSH In January, 1777, Colonel Irons writes to his father from Morristown, New Jersey, as follows:

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading "An army is a despotic machine.

AndeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading "An army is a despotic machine.

ANDconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading WITH THE ARMY AND IN THE BUSH In January, 1777, Colonel Irons writes to his father from Morristown, New Jersey, as follows:

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading They are released by expiration long before they have been trained and seasoned for good service.

ARMYnounUS /ˈɑːrmi/

a permanent organization of the military land forces of a nation or state

From this reading WITH THE ARMY AND IN THE BUSH In January, 1777, Colonel Irons writes to his father from Morristown, New Jersey, as follows:

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading WITH THE ARMY AND IN THE BUSH In January, 1777, Colonel Irons writes to his father from Morristown, New Jersey, as follows:

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading They are released by expiration long before they have been trained and seasoned for good service.

beforeprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading They are released by expiration long before they have been trained and seasoned for good service.

BUSHnounUS /bʊʃ/

a low woody perennial plant usually having several major stems

From this reading WITH THE ARMY AND IN THE BUSH In January, 1777, Colonel Irons writes to his father from Morristown, New Jersey, as follows:

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading They are released by expiration long before they have been trained and seasoned for good service.

chieflyadverbUS /ˈtʃiːfli/

for the most part

From this reading For that reason chiefly our men do not like military service.

ColonelnounUS /ˈkɜːrnəl/

a commissioned military officer in the United States Army or Air Force or Marines who ranks above a lieutenant colonel and below a brigadier general

From this reading WITH THE ARMY AND IN THE BUSH In January, 1777, Colonel Irons writes to his father from Morristown, New Jersey, as follows:

despoticadjectiveUS /dɪˈspɑːtɪk/

belonging to or having the characteristics of a despot

From this reading "An army is a despotic machine.

doauxiliary verbUS /duː/

used to form questions and negatives, and to give emphasis

From this reading For that reason chiefly our men do not like military service.

enlistverbUS /ˌenˈlɪst/

join the military

From this reading It is hard to induce them to enlist for long terms.

expirationnounUS /ˌekspərˈeɪʃən/

a coming to an end of a contract period

From this reading They are released by expiration long before they have been trained and seasoned for good service.

fathernounUS /ˈfɑːðər/

a male parent (also used as a term of address to your father)

From this reading WITH THE ARMY AND IN THE BUSH In January, 1777, Colonel Irons writes to his father from Morristown, New Jersey, as follows:

followsverbUS /ˈfɑːloʊz/

third-person singular of “follow” — to travel behind, go after, come after

From this reading WITH THE ARMY AND IN THE BUSH In January, 1777, Colonel Irons writes to his father from Morristown, New Jersey, as follows:

ForprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading For that reason chiefly our men do not like military service.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading WITH THE ARMY AND IN THE BUSH In January, 1777, Colonel Irons writes to his father from Morristown, New Jersey, as follows:

goodadjectiveUS /ɡʊd/

having desirable or positive qualities especially those suitable for a thing specified

From this reading They are released by expiration long before they have been trained and seasoned for good service.

hardadjectiveUS /hɑːrd/

not easy; requiring great physical or mental effort to accomplish or comprehend or endure

From this reading It is hard to induce them to enlist for long terms.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading They are released by expiration long before they have been trained and seasoned for good service.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading WITH THE ARMY AND IN THE BUSH In January, 1777, Colonel Irons writes to his father from Morristown, New Jersey, as follows:

INprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading WITH THE ARMY AND IN THE BUSH In January, 1777, Colonel Irons writes to his father from Morristown, New Jersey, as follows:

induceverbUS /ˌɪnˈduːs/

cause to arise

From this reading It is hard to induce them to enlist for long terms.

IronsnounUS /ˈaɪərnz/

metal shackles; for hands or legs

From this reading WITH THE ARMY AND IN THE BUSH In January, 1777, Colonel Irons writes to his father from Morristown, New Jersey, as follows:

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading "An army is a despotic machine.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading It is hard to induce them to enlist for long terms.

JanuarynounUS /ˈdʒænjuːeri/

the first month of the year; begins 10 days after the winter solstice

From this reading WITH THE ARMY AND IN THE BUSH In January, 1777, Colonel Irons writes to his father from Morristown, New Jersey, as follows:

JerseynounUS /ˈdʒɜːrzi/

a Mid-Atlantic state on the Atlantic; one of the original 13 colonies

From this reading WITH THE ARMY AND IN THE BUSH In January, 1777, Colonel Irons writes to his father from Morristown, New Jersey, as follows:

likeverbUS /laɪk/

prefer or wish to do something

From this reading For that reason chiefly our men do not like military service.

longadjectiveUS /lɔːŋ/

primarily temporal sense; being or indicating a relatively great or greater than average duration or passage of time or a duration as specified

From this reading It is hard to induce them to enlist for long terms.

machinenounUS /məˈʃiːn/

any mechanical or electrical device that transmits or modifies energy to perform or assist in the performance of human tasks

From this reading "An army is a despotic machine.

mennounUS /men/

the force of workers available

From this reading For that reason chiefly our men do not like military service.

militaryadjectiveUS /ˈmɪləteri/

of or relating to the study of the principles of warfare

From this reading For that reason chiefly our men do not like military service.

MorristownnounUS /ˈmɔːrəstaʊn/

a town in northern New Jersey where the Continental Army spent two winters

From this reading WITH THE ARMY AND IN THE BUSH In January, 1777, Colonel Irons writes to his father from Morristown, New Jersey, as follows:

NewadjectiveUS /nuː/

not of long duration; having just (or relatively recently) come into being or been made or acquired or discovered

From this reading WITH THE ARMY AND IN THE BUSH In January, 1777, Colonel Irons writes to his father from Morristown, New Jersey, as follows:

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading For that reason chiefly our men do not like military service.

ourdeterminerUS /ˈaʊər/

belonging to the speaker and others

From this reading For that reason chiefly our men do not like military service.

reasonnounUS /ˈriːzən/

a rational motive for a belief or action

From this reading For that reason chiefly our men do not like military service.

releasedverbUS /riˈliːst/

past form of “release” — release, as from one's grip

From this reading They are released by expiration long before they have been trained and seasoned for good service.

seasonedadjectiveUS /ˈsiːzənd/

aged or processed

From this reading They are released by expiration long before they have been trained and seasoned for good service.

servicenounUS /ˈsɜːrvəs/

work done by one person or group that benefits another

From this reading For that reason chiefly our men do not like military service.

termsnounUS /tɜːrmz/

status with respect to the relations between people or groups

From this reading It is hard to induce them to enlist for long terms.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading For that reason chiefly our men do not like military service.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading WITH THE ARMY AND IN THE BUSH In January, 1777, Colonel Irons writes to his father from Morristown, New Jersey, as follows:

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading It is hard to induce them to enlist for long terms.

TheypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading They are released by expiration long before they have been trained and seasoned for good service.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading WITH THE ARMY AND IN THE BUSH In January, 1777, Colonel Irons writes to his father from Morristown, New Jersey, as follows:

trainedadjectiveUS /treɪnd/

shaped or conditioned or disciplined by training; often used as a combining form

From this reading They are released by expiration long before they have been trained and seasoned for good service.

WITHprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading WITH THE ARMY AND IN THE BUSH In January, 1777, Colonel Irons writes to his father from Morristown, New Jersey, as follows:

writesverbUS /raɪts/

third-person singular of “write” — produce a literary work

From this reading WITH THE ARMY AND IN THE BUSH In January, 1777, Colonel Irons writes to his father from Morristown, New Jersey, as follows:

Chapter 17 of In the Days of Poor Richard by Irving Bacheller holds 102 sentences, grouped into 21 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 17 of In the Days of Poor Richard contain?

Chapter 17 holds 102 sentences of In the Days of Poor Richard, unabridged, divided into 21 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 17 of In the Days of Poor Richard by Irving Bacheller exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 102 sentences, grouped into 21 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 17 of In the Days of Poor Richard?

Work through the 21 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 21 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 17 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 17 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading In the Days of Poor Richard

Common questions about reading In the Days of Poor Richard by Irving Bacheller on this page, its source edition and its audio.

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Vocabulary met early in In the Days of Poor Richard

Words and structures a reader meets early in In the Days of Poor Richard, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

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Chapter 3
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