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In the Days of Poor Richard
In the Days of Poor Richard

Chapter XXX · Chapter 30

Chapter 30 of In the Days of Poor Richard is here in full — 136 sentences across 28 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for In the Days of Poor Richard
Context Illustration Reading 1/27 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
"WHO IS SHE THAT LOOKETH FORTH AS THE MORNING, FAIR AS THE MOON, CLEAR AS THE SUN, AND TERRIBLE AS AN ARMY WITH BANNERS?"
The American army had been sold by Arnold.
The noble ideal it had cherished, the blood it had given, the bitter hardships it had suffered--torture in the wilderness, famine in the Highlands, long marches of half naked men in mid-winter, massacres at Wyoming and Cherry Valley--all this had been bartered away, like a shipload of turnips, to satisfy the greed of one man.
Again thirty pieces of silver!
Was a nation to walk the bitter way to its Calvary?
0:00 / 0:00
Speed 0.75x
AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

In the Days of Poor Richard

Chapter XXX · Chapter 30

Chapter 30 of In the Days of Poor Richard is here in full — 136 sentences across 28 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/27 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
"WHO IS SHE THAT LOOKETH FORTH AS THE MORNING, FAIR AS THE MOON, CLEAR AS THE SUN, AND TERRIBLE AS AN ARMY WITH BANNERS?"
Line 2
The American army had been sold by Arnold.
/ðə əˈmerəkən ˈɑːrmi hæd bɪn soʊld baɪ ˈɑːrnəld/
Line 3
The noble ideal it had cherished, the blood it had given, the bitter hardships it had suffered--torture in the wilderness, famine in the Highlands, long marches of half naked men in mid-winter, massacres at Wyoming and Cherry Valley--all this had been bartered away, like a shipload of turnips, to satisfy the greed of one man.
Line 4
Again thirty pieces of silver!
/əˈɡen ˈθɜːrdiː ˈpiːsəz ʌv ˈsɪlvər/
Line 5
Was a nation to walk the bitter way to its Calvary?
/wɑːz ə ˈneɪʃən tuː wɔːk ðə ˈbɪtər weɪ tuː ɪts ˈkælvəri/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

bartered verb US /ˈbɑːrtərd/

past form of “barter” — exchange goods without involving money

From this reading “The noble ideal it had cherished, the blood it had given, the bitter hardships it had suffered--torture in the wilderness, famine in the Highlands, long marches of half naked men in mid-winter, massacres at Wyoming and Cherry Valley--all this had been bartered away, like a shipload of turnips, to satisfy the greed of one man.”

Calvary noun US /ˈkælvəri/

a hill near Jerusalem where Jesus was crucified

From this reading “Was a nation to walk the bitter way to its Calvary?”

greed noun US /ɡriːd/

excessive desire to acquire or possess more (especially more material wealth) than one needs or deserves

From this reading “The noble ideal it had cherished, the blood it had given, the bitter hardships it had suffered--torture in the wilderness, famine in the Highlands, long marches of half naked men in mid-winter, massacres at Wyoming and Cherry Valley--all this had been bartered away, like a shipload of turnips, to satisfy the greed of one man.”

Highlands noun US /ˈhaɪləndz/

a mountainous region of northern Scotland famous for its rugged beauty; known for the style of dress (the kilt and tartan) and the clan system (now in disuse)

From this reading “The noble ideal it had cherished, the blood it had given, the bitter hardships it had suffered--torture in the wilderness, famine in the Highlands, long marches of half naked men in mid-winter, massacres at Wyoming and Cherry Valley--all this had been bartered away, like a shipload of turnips, to satisfy the greed of one man.”

massacres noun US /ˈmæsɪkərz/

plural of “massacre” — the savage and excessive killing of many people

From this reading “The noble ideal it had cherished, the blood it had given, the bitter hardships it had suffered--torture in the wilderness, famine in the Highlands, long marches of half naked men in mid-winter, massacres at Wyoming and Cherry Valley--all this had been bartered away, like a shipload of turnips, to satisfy the greed of one man.”

shipload noun US /ˈʃɪploʊd/

the amount of cargo that can be held by a boat or ship or a freight car

From this reading “The noble ideal it had cherished, the blood it had given, the bitter hardships it had suffered--torture in the wilderness, famine in the Highlands, long marches of half naked men in mid-winter, massacres at Wyoming and Cherry Valley--all this had been bartered away, like a shipload of turnips, to satisfy the greed of one man.”

turnips noun US /ˈtɜːrnəps/

plural of “turnip” — widely cultivated plant having a large fleshy edible white or yellow root

From this reading “The noble ideal it had cherished, the blood it had given, the bitter hardships it had suffered--torture in the wilderness, famine in the Highlands, long marches of half naked men in mid-winter, massacres at Wyoming and Cherry Valley--all this had been bartered away, like a shipload of turnips, to satisfy the greed of one man.”

Wyoming noun US /ˌwaɪˈoʊmɪŋ/

a state in the western United States; mountainous in the west and north with the Great Plains in the east

From this reading “The noble ideal it had cherished, the blood it had given, the bitter hardships it had suffered--torture in the wilderness, famine in the Highlands, long marches of half naked men in mid-winter, massacres at Wyoming and Cherry Valley--all this had been bartered away, like a shipload of turnips, to satisfy the greed of one man.”

All words in this reading · 74

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading The noble ideal it had cherished, the blood it had given, the bitter hardships it had suffered--torture in the wilderness, famine in the Highlands, long marches of half naked men in mid-winter, massacres at Wyoming and Cherry Valley--all this had been bartered away, like a shipload of turnips, to satisfy the greed of one man.

AgainadverbUS /əˈɡen/

anew

From this reading Again thirty pieces of silver!

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading The noble ideal it had cherished, the blood it had given, the bitter hardships it had suffered--torture in the wilderness, famine in the Highlands, long marches of half naked men in mid-winter, massacres at Wyoming and Cherry Valley--all this had been bartered away, like a shipload of turnips, to satisfy the greed of one man.

AmericannounUS /əˈmerəkən/

a native or inhabitant of the United States

From this reading The American army had been sold by Arnold.

ANdeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading "WHO IS SHE THAT LOOKETH FORTH AS THE MORNING, FAIR AS THE MOON, CLEAR AS THE SUN, AND TERRIBLE AS AN ARMY WITH BANNERS?"

ANDconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading "WHO IS SHE THAT LOOKETH FORTH AS THE MORNING, FAIR AS THE MOON, CLEAR AS THE SUN, AND TERRIBLE AS AN ARMY WITH BANNERS?"

ARMYnounUS /ˈɑːrmi/

a permanent organization of the military land forces of a nation or state

From this reading "WHO IS SHE THAT LOOKETH FORTH AS THE MORNING, FAIR AS THE MOON, CLEAR AS THE SUN, AND TERRIBLE AS AN ARMY WITH BANNERS?"

ArnoldnounUS /ˈɑːrnəld/

English poet and literary critic (1822-1888)

From this reading The American army had been sold by Arnold.

ASconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading "WHO IS SHE THAT LOOKETH FORTH AS THE MORNING, FAIR AS THE MOON, CLEAR AS THE SUN, AND TERRIBLE AS AN ARMY WITH BANNERS?"

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading The noble ideal it had cherished, the blood it had given, the bitter hardships it had suffered--torture in the wilderness, famine in the Highlands, long marches of half naked men in mid-winter, massacres at Wyoming and Cherry Valley--all this had been bartered away, like a shipload of turnips, to satisfy the greed of one man.

awayadverbUS /əˈweɪ/

from a particular thing or place or position (“forth” is obsolete)

From this reading The noble ideal it had cherished, the blood it had given, the bitter hardships it had suffered--torture in the wilderness, famine in the Highlands, long marches of half naked men in mid-winter, massacres at Wyoming and Cherry Valley--all this had been bartered away, like a shipload of turnips, to satisfy the greed of one man.

BANNERSnounUS /ˈbænərz/

plural of “banner” — long strip of cloth or paper used for decoration or advertising

From this reading "WHO IS SHE THAT LOOKETH FORTH AS THE MORNING, FAIR AS THE MOON, CLEAR AS THE SUN, AND TERRIBLE AS AN ARMY WITH BANNERS?"

barteredverbUS /ˈbɑːrtərd/

past form of “barter” — exchange goods without involving money

From this reading The noble ideal it had cherished, the blood it had given, the bitter hardships it had suffered--torture in the wilderness, famine in the Highlands, long marches of half naked men in mid-winter, massacres at Wyoming and Cherry Valley--all this had been bartered away, like a shipload of turnips, to satisfy the greed of one man.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading The American army had been sold by Arnold.

bitteradjectiveUS /ˈbɪtər/

marked by strong resentment or cynicism

From this reading The noble ideal it had cherished, the blood it had given, the bitter hardships it had suffered--torture in the wilderness, famine in the Highlands, long marches of half naked men in mid-winter, massacres at Wyoming and Cherry Valley--all this had been bartered away, like a shipload of turnips, to satisfy the greed of one man.

bloodnounUS /blʌd/

The red fluid that circulates in the heart and blood vessels.

From this reading The noble ideal it had cherished, the blood it had given, the bitter hardships it had suffered--torture in the wilderness, famine in the Highlands, long marches of half naked men in mid-winter, massacres at Wyoming and Cherry Valley--all this had been bartered away, like a shipload of turnips, to satisfy the greed of one man.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading The American army had been sold by Arnold.

CalvarynounUS /ˈkælvəri/

a hill near Jerusalem where Jesus was crucified

From this reading Was a nation to walk the bitter way to its Calvary?

cherishedadjectiveUS /ˈtʃerɪʃt/

characterized by feeling or showing fond affection for

From this reading The noble ideal it had cherished, the blood it had given, the bitter hardships it had suffered--torture in the wilderness, famine in the Highlands, long marches of half naked men in mid-winter, massacres at Wyoming and Cherry Valley--all this had been bartered away, like a shipload of turnips, to satisfy the greed of one man.

CherrynounUS /ˈtʃeri/

wood of any of various cherry trees especially the black cherry

From this reading The noble ideal it had cherished, the blood it had given, the bitter hardships it had suffered--torture in the wilderness, famine in the Highlands, long marches of half naked men in mid-winter, massacres at Wyoming and Cherry Valley--all this had been bartered away, like a shipload of turnips, to satisfy the greed of one man.

CLEARverbUS /klɪr/

rid of obstructions

From this reading "WHO IS SHE THAT LOOKETH FORTH AS THE MORNING, FAIR AS THE MOON, CLEAR AS THE SUN, AND TERRIBLE AS AN ARMY WITH BANNERS?"

FAIRadjectiveUS /fer/

free from favoritism or self-interest or bias or deception; conforming with established standards or rules

From this reading "WHO IS SHE THAT LOOKETH FORTH AS THE MORNING, FAIR AS THE MOON, CLEAR AS THE SUN, AND TERRIBLE AS AN ARMY WITH BANNERS?"

faminenounUS /ˈfæmən/

an acute insufficiency

From this reading The noble ideal it had cherished, the blood it had given, the bitter hardships it had suffered--torture in the wilderness, famine in the Highlands, long marches of half naked men in mid-winter, massacres at Wyoming and Cherry Valley--all this had been bartered away, like a shipload of turnips, to satisfy the greed of one man.

FORTHadverbUS /fɔːrθ/

from a particular thing or place or position (“forth” is obsolete)

From this reading "WHO IS SHE THAT LOOKETH FORTH AS THE MORNING, FAIR AS THE MOON, CLEAR AS THE SUN, AND TERRIBLE AS AN ARMY WITH BANNERS?"

givenadjectiveUS /ˈɡɪvən/

acknowledged as a supposition

From this reading The noble ideal it had cherished, the blood it had given, the bitter hardships it had suffered--torture in the wilderness, famine in the Highlands, long marches of half naked men in mid-winter, massacres at Wyoming and Cherry Valley--all this had been bartered away, like a shipload of turnips, to satisfy the greed of one man.

greednounUS /ɡriːd/

excessive desire to acquire or possess more (especially more material wealth) than one needs or deserves

From this reading The noble ideal it had cherished, the blood it had given, the bitter hardships it had suffered--torture in the wilderness, famine in the Highlands, long marches of half naked men in mid-winter, massacres at Wyoming and Cherry Valley--all this had been bartered away, like a shipload of turnips, to satisfy the greed of one man.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading The American army had been sold by Arnold.

halfadjectiveUS /hæf/

consisting of one of two equivalent parts in value or quantity

From this reading The noble ideal it had cherished, the blood it had given, the bitter hardships it had suffered--torture in the wilderness, famine in the Highlands, long marches of half naked men in mid-winter, massacres at Wyoming and Cherry Valley--all this had been bartered away, like a shipload of turnips, to satisfy the greed of one man.

hardshipsnounUS /ˈhɑːrdʃɪps/

plural of “hardship” — a state of misfortune or affliction

From this reading The noble ideal it had cherished, the blood it had given, the bitter hardships it had suffered--torture in the wilderness, famine in the Highlands, long marches of half naked men in mid-winter, massacres at Wyoming and Cherry Valley--all this had been bartered away, like a shipload of turnips, to satisfy the greed of one man.

HighlandsnounUS /ˈhaɪləndz/

a mountainous region of northern Scotland famous for its rugged beauty; known for the style of dress (the kilt and tartan) and the clan system (now in disuse)

From this reading The noble ideal it had cherished, the blood it had given, the bitter hardships it had suffered--torture in the wilderness, famine in the Highlands, long marches of half naked men in mid-winter, massacres at Wyoming and Cherry Valley--all this had been bartered away, like a shipload of turnips, to satisfy the greed of one man.

idealadjectiveUS /aɪˈdiːl/

conforming to an ultimate standard of perfection or excellence; embodying an ideal

From this reading The noble ideal it had cherished, the blood it had given, the bitter hardships it had suffered--torture in the wilderness, famine in the Highlands, long marches of half naked men in mid-winter, massacres at Wyoming and Cherry Valley--all this had been bartered away, like a shipload of turnips, to satisfy the greed of one man.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading The noble ideal it had cherished, the blood it had given, the bitter hardships it had suffered--torture in the wilderness, famine in the Highlands, long marches of half naked men in mid-winter, massacres at Wyoming and Cherry Valley--all this had been bartered away, like a shipload of turnips, to satisfy the greed of one man.

ISauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading "WHO IS SHE THAT LOOKETH FORTH AS THE MORNING, FAIR AS THE MOON, CLEAR AS THE SUN, AND TERRIBLE AS AN ARMY WITH BANNERS?"

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading The noble ideal it had cherished, the blood it had given, the bitter hardships it had suffered--torture in the wilderness, famine in the Highlands, long marches of half naked men in mid-winter, massacres at Wyoming and Cherry Valley--all this had been bartered away, like a shipload of turnips, to satisfy the greed of one man.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading Was a nation to walk the bitter way to its Calvary?

likeverbUS /laɪk/

prefer or wish to do something

From this reading The noble ideal it had cherished, the blood it had given, the bitter hardships it had suffered--torture in the wilderness, famine in the Highlands, long marches of half naked men in mid-winter, massacres at Wyoming and Cherry Valley--all this had been bartered away, like a shipload of turnips, to satisfy the greed of one man.

longadjectiveUS /lɔːŋ/

primarily temporal sense; being or indicating a relatively great or greater than average duration or passage of time or a duration as specified

From this reading The noble ideal it had cherished, the blood it had given, the bitter hardships it had suffered--torture in the wilderness, famine in the Highlands, long marches of half naked men in mid-winter, massacres at Wyoming and Cherry Valley--all this had been bartered away, like a shipload of turnips, to satisfy the greed of one man.

LOOKETH

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "WHO IS SHE THAT LOOKETH FORTH AS THE MORNING, FAIR AS THE MOON, CLEAR AS THE SUN, AND TERRIBLE AS AN ARMY WITH BANNERS?"

mannounUS /mæn/

an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)

From this reading The noble ideal it had cherished, the blood it had given, the bitter hardships it had suffered--torture in the wilderness, famine in the Highlands, long marches of half naked men in mid-winter, massacres at Wyoming and Cherry Valley--all this had been bartered away, like a shipload of turnips, to satisfy the greed of one man.

marchesnounUS /ˈmɑːrtʃɪz/

a region in central Italy

From this reading The noble ideal it had cherished, the blood it had given, the bitter hardships it had suffered--torture in the wilderness, famine in the Highlands, long marches of half naked men in mid-winter, massacres at Wyoming and Cherry Valley--all this had been bartered away, like a shipload of turnips, to satisfy the greed of one man.

massacresnounUS /ˈmæsɪkərz/

plural of “massacre” — the savage and excessive killing of many people

From this reading The noble ideal it had cherished, the blood it had given, the bitter hardships it had suffered--torture in the wilderness, famine in the Highlands, long marches of half naked men in mid-winter, massacres at Wyoming and Cherry Valley--all this had been bartered away, like a shipload of turnips, to satisfy the greed of one man.

mennounUS /men/

the force of workers available

From this reading The noble ideal it had cherished, the blood it had given, the bitter hardships it had suffered--torture in the wilderness, famine in the Highlands, long marches of half naked men in mid-winter, massacres at Wyoming and Cherry Valley--all this had been bartered away, like a shipload of turnips, to satisfy the greed of one man.

mid-winter

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The noble ideal it had cherished, the blood it had given, the bitter hardships it had suffered--torture in the wilderness, famine in the Highlands, long marches of half naked men in mid-winter, massacres at Wyoming and Cherry Valley--all this had been bartered away, like a shipload of turnips, to satisfy the greed of one man.

MOONnounUS /muːn/

the natural satellite of the Earth

From this reading "WHO IS SHE THAT LOOKETH FORTH AS THE MORNING, FAIR AS THE MOON, CLEAR AS THE SUN, AND TERRIBLE AS AN ARMY WITH BANNERS?"

MORNINGnounUS /ˈmɔːrnɪŋ/

the time period between dawn and noon

From this reading "WHO IS SHE THAT LOOKETH FORTH AS THE MORNING, FAIR AS THE MOON, CLEAR AS THE SUN, AND TERRIBLE AS AN ARMY WITH BANNERS?"

nakedadjectiveUS /ˈneɪkəd/

completely unclothed

From this reading The noble ideal it had cherished, the blood it had given, the bitter hardships it had suffered--torture in the wilderness, famine in the Highlands, long marches of half naked men in mid-winter, massacres at Wyoming and Cherry Valley--all this had been bartered away, like a shipload of turnips, to satisfy the greed of one man.

nationnounUS /ˈneɪʃən/

a politically organized body of people under a single government

From this reading Was a nation to walk the bitter way to its Calvary?

nobleadjectiveUS /ˈnoʊbəl/

impressive in appearance

From this reading The noble ideal it had cherished, the blood it had given, the bitter hardships it had suffered--torture in the wilderness, famine in the Highlands, long marches of half naked men in mid-winter, massacres at Wyoming and Cherry Valley--all this had been bartered away, like a shipload of turnips, to satisfy the greed of one man.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading The noble ideal it had cherished, the blood it had given, the bitter hardships it had suffered--torture in the wilderness, famine in the Highlands, long marches of half naked men in mid-winter, massacres at Wyoming and Cherry Valley--all this had been bartered away, like a shipload of turnips, to satisfy the greed of one man.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading The noble ideal it had cherished, the blood it had given, the bitter hardships it had suffered--torture in the wilderness, famine in the Highlands, long marches of half naked men in mid-winter, massacres at Wyoming and Cherry Valley--all this had been bartered away, like a shipload of turnips, to satisfy the greed of one man.

piecesnounUS /ˈpiːsəz/

plural of “piece” — a separate part of a whole

From this reading Again thirty pieces of silver!

satisfyverbUS /ˈsætəsfaɪ/

meet the requirements or expectations of

From this reading The noble ideal it had cherished, the blood it had given, the bitter hardships it had suffered--torture in the wilderness, famine in the Highlands, long marches of half naked men in mid-winter, massacres at Wyoming and Cherry Valley--all this had been bartered away, like a shipload of turnips, to satisfy the greed of one man.

SHEpronounUS /ʃiː/

a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading "WHO IS SHE THAT LOOKETH FORTH AS THE MORNING, FAIR AS THE MOON, CLEAR AS THE SUN, AND TERRIBLE AS AN ARMY WITH BANNERS?"

shiploadnounUS /ˈʃɪploʊd/

the amount of cargo that can be held by a boat or ship or a freight car

From this reading The noble ideal it had cherished, the blood it had given, the bitter hardships it had suffered--torture in the wilderness, famine in the Highlands, long marches of half naked men in mid-winter, massacres at Wyoming and Cherry Valley--all this had been bartered away, like a shipload of turnips, to satisfy the greed of one man.

silvernounUS /ˈsɪlvər/

a soft white precious univalent metallic element having the highest electrical and thermal conductivity of any metal; occurs in argentite and in free form; used in coins and jewelry and tableware and photography

From this reading Again thirty pieces of silver!

soldadjectiveUS /soʊld/

disposed of to a purchaser

From this reading The American army had been sold by Arnold.

sufferedverbUS /ˈsʌfərd/

past form of “suffer” — undergo or be subjected to

From this reading The noble ideal it had cherished, the blood it had given, the bitter hardships it had suffered--torture in the wilderness, famine in the Highlands, long marches of half naked men in mid-winter, massacres at Wyoming and Cherry Valley--all this had been bartered away, like a shipload of turnips, to satisfy the greed of one man.

SUNnounUS /sʌn/

the star that is the source of light and heat for the planets in the solar system

From this reading "WHO IS SHE THAT LOOKETH FORTH AS THE MORNING, FAIR AS THE MOON, CLEAR AS THE SUN, AND TERRIBLE AS AN ARMY WITH BANNERS?"

TERRIBLEadjectiveUS /ˈterəbəl/

causing fear or dread or terror

From this reading "WHO IS SHE THAT LOOKETH FORTH AS THE MORNING, FAIR AS THE MOON, CLEAR AS THE SUN, AND TERRIBLE AS AN ARMY WITH BANNERS?"

THATconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading "WHO IS SHE THAT LOOKETH FORTH AS THE MORNING, FAIR AS THE MOON, CLEAR AS THE SUN, AND TERRIBLE AS AN ARMY WITH BANNERS?"

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading "WHO IS SHE THAT LOOKETH FORTH AS THE MORNING, FAIR AS THE MOON, CLEAR AS THE SUN, AND TERRIBLE AS AN ARMY WITH BANNERS?"

thirtynounUS /ˈθɜːrdiː/

the cardinal number that is the product of ten and three

From this reading Again thirty pieces of silver!

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading The noble ideal it had cherished, the blood it had given, the bitter hardships it had suffered--torture in the wilderness, famine in the Highlands, long marches of half naked men in mid-winter, massacres at Wyoming and Cherry Valley--all this had been bartered away, like a shipload of turnips, to satisfy the greed of one man.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading The noble ideal it had cherished, the blood it had given, the bitter hardships it had suffered--torture in the wilderness, famine in the Highlands, long marches of half naked men in mid-winter, massacres at Wyoming and Cherry Valley--all this had been bartered away, like a shipload of turnips, to satisfy the greed of one man.

tortureverbUS /ˈtɔːrtʃər/

torment emotionally or mentally

From this reading The noble ideal it had cherished, the blood it had given, the bitter hardships it had suffered--torture in the wilderness, famine in the Highlands, long marches of half naked men in mid-winter, massacres at Wyoming and Cherry Valley--all this had been bartered away, like a shipload of turnips, to satisfy the greed of one man.

turnipsnounUS /ˈtɜːrnəps/

plural of “turnip” — widely cultivated plant having a large fleshy edible white or yellow root

From this reading The noble ideal it had cherished, the blood it had given, the bitter hardships it had suffered--torture in the wilderness, famine in the Highlands, long marches of half naked men in mid-winter, massacres at Wyoming and Cherry Valley--all this had been bartered away, like a shipload of turnips, to satisfy the greed of one man.

ValleynounUS /ˈvæli/

a long depression in the surface of the land that usually contains a river

From this reading The noble ideal it had cherished, the blood it had given, the bitter hardships it had suffered--torture in the wilderness, famine in the Highlands, long marches of half naked men in mid-winter, massacres at Wyoming and Cherry Valley--all this had been bartered away, like a shipload of turnips, to satisfy the greed of one man.

walknounUS /wɔːk/

the act of traveling by foot

From this reading Was a nation to walk the bitter way to its Calvary?

Wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Was a nation to walk the bitter way to its Calvary?

waynounUS /weɪ/

how something is done or how it happens

From this reading Was a nation to walk the bitter way to its Calvary?

WHOpronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading "WHO IS SHE THAT LOOKETH FORTH AS THE MORNING, FAIR AS THE MOON, CLEAR AS THE SUN, AND TERRIBLE AS AN ARMY WITH BANNERS?"

wildernessnounUS /ˈwɪldərnəs/

(politics) a state of disfavor

From this reading The noble ideal it had cherished, the blood it had given, the bitter hardships it had suffered--torture in the wilderness, famine in the Highlands, long marches of half naked men in mid-winter, massacres at Wyoming and Cherry Valley--all this had been bartered away, like a shipload of turnips, to satisfy the greed of one man.

WITHprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading "WHO IS SHE THAT LOOKETH FORTH AS THE MORNING, FAIR AS THE MOON, CLEAR AS THE SUN, AND TERRIBLE AS AN ARMY WITH BANNERS?"

WyomingnounUS /ˌwaɪˈoʊmɪŋ/

a state in the western United States; mountainous in the west and north with the Great Plains in the east

From this reading The noble ideal it had cherished, the blood it had given, the bitter hardships it had suffered--torture in the wilderness, famine in the Highlands, long marches of half naked men in mid-winter, massacres at Wyoming and Cherry Valley--all this had been bartered away, like a shipload of turnips, to satisfy the greed of one man.

Chapter 30 of In the Days of Poor Richard by Irving Bacheller holds 136 sentences, grouped into 28 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 30 of In the Days of Poor Richard contain?

Chapter 30 holds 136 sentences of In the Days of Poor Richard, unabridged, divided into 28 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 30 of In the Days of Poor Richard by Irving Bacheller exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 136 sentences, grouped into 28 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 30 of In the Days of Poor Richard?

Work through the 28 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 28 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 30 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 30 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading In the Days of Poor Richard

Common questions about reading In the Days of Poor Richard by Irving Bacheller on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of In the Days of Poor Richard?

Yes. All 0 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #? are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of In the Days of Poor Richard is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #?, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does In the Days of Poor Richard take to read?

About 5 minutes of reading across 0 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read In the Days of Poor Richard section by section

How to work through In the Days of Poor Richard section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

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Vocabulary met early in In the Days of Poor Richard

Words and structures a reader meets early in In the Days of Poor Richard, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Chapter 1
One of the 0 chapters of In the Days of Poor Richard, divided into 5-sentence reading sections.
Chapter 2
One of the 0 chapters of In the Days of Poor Richard, divided into 5-sentence reading sections.
Chapter 3
One of the 0 chapters of In the Days of Poor Richard, divided into 5-sentence reading sections.