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In the Land of Cave and Cliff Dwellers
In the Land of Cave and Cliff Dwellers

Chapter VII

Chapter 7 of In the Land of Cave and Cliff Dwellers is here in full — 100 sentences across 20 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/20 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
SOUTHWESTERN CHIHUAHUA--AMONG THE CAVE AND CLIFF DWELLERS IN THE HEART OF THE SIERRA MADRE RANGE.
That night our camp was in an immense pine forest on the crest of one of the high peaks, and here we parted with our Mexican friend Don Augustin Becerra, to whom we had already become deeply indebted, and who found it necessary to hasten on to his father's mines at Urique, which we were to make more leisurely.
There is a widely dispersed variety of pitch pine in these mountains, which may be said to be the candles or the lanterns of the natives of the country.
The night scenes in the pitch-pine States of the South have long formed themes in prose and poetry, but those States are in the flat-land coasts of our country, with no scenery to give any of the strange, weird effects of a broken land.
At one camp I made upon a high _potrero_, I saw such a scene.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

In the Land of Cave and Cliff Dwellers

Chapter VII

Chapter 7 of In the Land of Cave and Cliff Dwellers is here in full — 100 sentences across 20 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/20 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
SOUTHWESTERN CHIHUAHUA--AMONG THE CAVE AND CLIFF DWELLERS IN THE HEART OF THE SIERRA MADRE RANGE.
Line 2
That night our camp was in an immense pine forest on the crest of one of the high peaks, and here we parted with our Mexican friend Don Augustin Becerra, to whom we had already become deeply indebted, and who found it necessary to hasten on to his father's mines at Urique, which we were to make more leisurely.
Line 3
There is a widely dispersed variety of pitch pine in these mountains, which may be said to be the candles or the lanterns of the natives of the country.
/ðer ɪz ə ˈwaɪdli dɪˈspɜːrst vərˈaɪəti ʌv pɪtʃ paɪn ɪn ðiːz ˈmaʊntənz wɪtʃ meɪ biː sed tuː biː ðə ˈkændəlz ɔːr ðə ˈlæntərnz ʌv ðə ˈneɪtɪvz ʌv ðə ˈkʌntri/
Line 4
The night scenes in the pitch-pine States of the South have long formed themes in prose and poetry, but those States are in the flat-land coasts of our country, with no scenery to give any of the strange, weird effects of a broken land.
Line 5
At one camp I made upon a high _potrero_, I saw such a scene.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

chihuahua noun US /tʃəˈwɑːwɑː/

a city in northern Mexico in the state of Chihuahua; commercial center of northern Mexico

From this reading “SOUTHWESTERN CHIHUAHUA--AMONG THE CAVE AND CLIFF DWELLERS IN THE HEART OF THE SIERRA MADRE RANGE.”

coasts noun US /koʊsts/

plural of “coast” — the shore of a sea or ocean

From this reading “The night scenes in the pitch-pine States of the South have long formed themes in prose and poetry, but those States are in the flat-land coasts of our country, with no scenery to give any of the strange, weird effects of a broken land.”

dispersed adjective US /dɪˈspɜːrst/

distributed or spread over a considerable extent

From this reading “There is a widely dispersed variety of pitch pine in these mountains, which may be said to be the candles or the lanterns of the natives of the country.”

dwellers noun US /ˈdwelərz/

plural of “dweller” — a person who inhabits a particular place

From this reading “SOUTHWESTERN CHIHUAHUA--AMONG THE CAVE AND CLIFF DWELLERS IN THE HEART OF THE SIERRA MADRE RANGE.”

lanterns noun US /ˈlæntərnz/

plural of “lantern” — light in a transparent protective case

From this reading “There is a widely dispersed variety of pitch pine in these mountains, which may be said to be the candles or the lanterns of the natives of the country.”

sierra noun US /siˈerə/

a range of mountains (usually with jagged peaks and irregular outline)

From this reading “SOUTHWESTERN CHIHUAHUA--AMONG THE CAVE AND CLIFF DWELLERS IN THE HEART OF THE SIERRA MADRE RANGE.”

southwestern adjective US /ˌsaʊˈθwestərn/

situated in or oriented toward the southwest

From this reading “SOUTHWESTERN CHIHUAHUA--AMONG THE CAVE AND CLIFF DWELLERS IN THE HEART OF THE SIERRA MADRE RANGE.”

themes noun US /θiːmz/

plural of “theme” — the subject matter of a conversation or discussion

From this reading “The night scenes in the pitch-pine States of the South have long formed themes in prose and poetry, but those States are in the flat-land coasts of our country, with no scenery to give any of the strange, weird effects of a broken land.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

deeply indebted adverb + adjective

In this reading “That night our camp was in an immense pine forest on the crest of one of the high peaks, and here we parted with our Mexican friend Don Augustin Becerra, to whom we had already become deeply indebted, and who found it necessary to hasten on to his father's mines at Urique, which we were to make more leisurely.”

pine forest noun + noun

In this reading “That night our camp was in an immense pine forest on the crest of one of the high peaks, and here we parted with our Mexican friend Don Augustin Becerra, to whom we had already become deeply indebted, and who found it necessary to hasten on to his father's mines at Urique, which we were to make more leisurely.”

high peaks adjective + noun counted as “high peak”

In this reading “That night our camp was in an immense pine forest on the crest of one of the high peaks, and here we parted with our Mexican friend Don Augustin Becerra, to whom we had already become deeply indebted, and who found it necessary to hasten on to his father's mines at Urique, which we were to make more leisurely.”

on the crest preposition + article + noun counted as “on … crest”

In this reading “That night our camp was in an immense pine forest on the crest of one of the high peaks, and here we parted with our Mexican friend Don Augustin Becerra, to whom we had already become deeply indebted, and who found it necessary to hasten on to his father's mines at Urique, which we were to make more leisurely.”

in prose preposition + noun

In this reading “The night scenes in the pitch-pine States of the South have long formed themes in prose and poetry, but those States are in the flat-land coasts of our country, with no scenery to give any of the strange, weird effects of a broken land.”

All words in this reading · 107

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading There is a widely dispersed variety of pitch pine in these mountains, which may be said to be the candles or the lanterns of the natives of the country.

alreadyadverbUS /ɔːlˈredi/

prior to a specified or implied time

From this reading That night our camp was in an immense pine forest on the crest of one of the high peaks, and here we parted with our Mexican friend Don Augustin Becerra, to whom we had already become deeply indebted, and who found it necessary to hasten on to his father's mines at Urique, which we were to make more leisurely.

AMONGprepositionUS /əˈmʌŋ/

surrounded by; in the middle of a group

From this reading SOUTHWESTERN CHIHUAHUA--AMONG THE CAVE AND CLIFF DWELLERS IN THE HEART OF THE SIERRA MADRE RANGE.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading That night our camp was in an immense pine forest on the crest of one of the high peaks, and here we parted with our Mexican friend Don Augustin Becerra, to whom we had already become deeply indebted, and who found it necessary to hasten on to his father's mines at Urique, which we were to make more leisurely.

ANDconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading SOUTHWESTERN CHIHUAHUA--AMONG THE CAVE AND CLIFF DWELLERS IN THE HEART OF THE SIERRA MADRE RANGE.

anyadjectiveUS /ˈeni/

one or some or every or all without specification

From this reading The night scenes in the pitch-pine States of the South have long formed themes in prose and poetry, but those States are in the flat-land coasts of our country, with no scenery to give any of the strange, weird effects of a broken land.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading The night scenes in the pitch-pine States of the South have long formed themes in prose and poetry, but those States are in the flat-land coasts of our country, with no scenery to give any of the strange, weird effects of a broken land.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading That night our camp was in an immense pine forest on the crest of one of the high peaks, and here we parted with our Mexican friend Don Augustin Becerra, to whom we had already become deeply indebted, and who found it necessary to hasten on to his father's mines at Urique, which we were to make more leisurely.

Augustin

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading That night our camp was in an immense pine forest on the crest of one of the high peaks, and here we parted with our Mexican friend Don Augustin Becerra, to whom we had already become deeply indebted, and who found it necessary to hasten on to his father's mines at Urique, which we were to make more leisurely.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading There is a widely dispersed variety of pitch pine in these mountains, which may be said to be the candles or the lanterns of the natives of the country.

Becerra

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading That night our camp was in an immense pine forest on the crest of one of the high peaks, and here we parted with our Mexican friend Don Augustin Becerra, to whom we had already become deeply indebted, and who found it necessary to hasten on to his father's mines at Urique, which we were to make more leisurely.

becomeverbUS /bɪˈkʌm/

enter or assume a certain state or condition

From this reading That night our camp was in an immense pine forest on the crest of one of the high peaks, and here we parted with our Mexican friend Don Augustin Becerra, to whom we had already become deeply indebted, and who found it necessary to hasten on to his father's mines at Urique, which we were to make more leisurely.

brokenadjectiveUS /ˈbroʊkən/

physically and forcibly separated into pieces or cracked or split

From this reading The night scenes in the pitch-pine States of the South have long formed themes in prose and poetry, but those States are in the flat-land coasts of our country, with no scenery to give any of the strange, weird effects of a broken land.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading The night scenes in the pitch-pine States of the South have long formed themes in prose and poetry, but those States are in the flat-land coasts of our country, with no scenery to give any of the strange, weird effects of a broken land.

campnounUS /kæmp/

temporary living quarters specially built by the army for soldiers

From this reading That night our camp was in an immense pine forest on the crest of one of the high peaks, and here we parted with our Mexican friend Don Augustin Becerra, to whom we had already become deeply indebted, and who found it necessary to hasten on to his father's mines at Urique, which we were to make more leisurely.

candlesnounUS /ˈkændəlz/

plural of “candle” — stick of wax with a wick in the middle

From this reading There is a widely dispersed variety of pitch pine in these mountains, which may be said to be the candles or the lanterns of the natives of the country.

CAVEnounUS /keɪv/

a geological formation consisting of an underground enclosure with access from the surface of the ground or from the sea

From this reading SOUTHWESTERN CHIHUAHUA--AMONG THE CAVE AND CLIFF DWELLERS IN THE HEART OF THE SIERRA MADRE RANGE.

CHIHUAHUAnounUS /tʃəˈwɑːwɑː/

a city in northern Mexico in the state of Chihuahua; commercial center of northern Mexico

From this reading SOUTHWESTERN CHIHUAHUA--AMONG THE CAVE AND CLIFF DWELLERS IN THE HEART OF THE SIERRA MADRE RANGE.

CLIFFnounUS /klɪf/

a steep high face of rock

From this reading SOUTHWESTERN CHIHUAHUA--AMONG THE CAVE AND CLIFF DWELLERS IN THE HEART OF THE SIERRA MADRE RANGE.

coastsnounUS /koʊsts/

plural of “coast” — the shore of a sea or ocean

From this reading The night scenes in the pitch-pine States of the South have long formed themes in prose and poetry, but those States are in the flat-land coasts of our country, with no scenery to give any of the strange, weird effects of a broken land.

countrynounUS /ˈkʌntri/

a politically organized body of people under a single government

From this reading There is a widely dispersed variety of pitch pine in these mountains, which may be said to be the candles or the lanterns of the natives of the country.

crestnounUS /krest/

the top line of a hill, mountain, or wave

From this reading That night our camp was in an immense pine forest on the crest of one of the high peaks, and here we parted with our Mexican friend Don Augustin Becerra, to whom we had already become deeply indebted, and who found it necessary to hasten on to his father's mines at Urique, which we were to make more leisurely.

deeplyadverbUS /ˈdiːpli/

to a great depth psychologically or emotionally

From this reading That night our camp was in an immense pine forest on the crest of one of the high peaks, and here we parted with our Mexican friend Don Augustin Becerra, to whom we had already become deeply indebted, and who found it necessary to hasten on to his father's mines at Urique, which we were to make more leisurely.

dispersedadjectiveUS /dɪˈspɜːrst/

distributed or spread over a considerable extent

From this reading There is a widely dispersed variety of pitch pine in these mountains, which may be said to be the candles or the lanterns of the natives of the country.

DonnounUS /dɑːn/

a Spanish gentleman or nobleman

From this reading That night our camp was in an immense pine forest on the crest of one of the high peaks, and here we parted with our Mexican friend Don Augustin Becerra, to whom we had already become deeply indebted, and who found it necessary to hasten on to his father's mines at Urique, which we were to make more leisurely.

DWELLERSnounUS /ˈdwelərz/

plural of “dweller” — a person who inhabits a particular place

From this reading SOUTHWESTERN CHIHUAHUA--AMONG THE CAVE AND CLIFF DWELLERS IN THE HEART OF THE SIERRA MADRE RANGE.

effectsnounUS /ɪˈfekts/

property of a personal character that is portable but not used in business

From this reading The night scenes in the pitch-pine States of the South have long formed themes in prose and poetry, but those States are in the flat-land coasts of our country, with no scenery to give any of the strange, weird effects of a broken land.

father'snounUS /ˈfɑːðərz/

possessive form of “father” — a male parent (also used as a term of address to your father)

From this reading That night our camp was in an immense pine forest on the crest of one of the high peaks, and here we parted with our Mexican friend Don Augustin Becerra, to whom we had already become deeply indebted, and who found it necessary to hasten on to his father's mines at Urique, which we were to make more leisurely.

flat-land

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The night scenes in the pitch-pine States of the South have long formed themes in prose and poetry, but those States are in the flat-land coasts of our country, with no scenery to give any of the strange, weird effects of a broken land.

forestnounUS /ˈfɔːrəst/

the trees and other plants in a large densely wooded area

From this reading That night our camp was in an immense pine forest on the crest of one of the high peaks, and here we parted with our Mexican friend Don Augustin Becerra, to whom we had already become deeply indebted, and who found it necessary to hasten on to his father's mines at Urique, which we were to make more leisurely.

formedadjectiveUS /fɔːrmd/

having or given a form or shape

From this reading The night scenes in the pitch-pine States of the South have long formed themes in prose and poetry, but those States are in the flat-land coasts of our country, with no scenery to give any of the strange, weird effects of a broken land.

foundverbUS /faʊnd/

set up or found

From this reading That night our camp was in an immense pine forest on the crest of one of the high peaks, and here we parted with our Mexican friend Don Augustin Becerra, to whom we had already become deeply indebted, and who found it necessary to hasten on to his father's mines at Urique, which we were to make more leisurely.

friendnounUS /frend/

a person you know well and regard with affection and trust

From this reading That night our camp was in an immense pine forest on the crest of one of the high peaks, and here we parted with our Mexican friend Don Augustin Becerra, to whom we had already become deeply indebted, and who found it necessary to hasten on to his father's mines at Urique, which we were to make more leisurely.

giveverbUS /ɡɪv/

cause to have, in the abstract sense or physical sense

From this reading The night scenes in the pitch-pine States of the South have long formed themes in prose and poetry, but those States are in the flat-land coasts of our country, with no scenery to give any of the strange, weird effects of a broken land.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading That night our camp was in an immense pine forest on the crest of one of the high peaks, and here we parted with our Mexican friend Don Augustin Becerra, to whom we had already become deeply indebted, and who found it necessary to hasten on to his father's mines at Urique, which we were to make more leisurely.

hastenverbUS /ˈheɪsən/

act or move at high speed

From this reading That night our camp was in an immense pine forest on the crest of one of the high peaks, and here we parted with our Mexican friend Don Augustin Becerra, to whom we had already become deeply indebted, and who found it necessary to hasten on to his father's mines at Urique, which we were to make more leisurely.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading The night scenes in the pitch-pine States of the South have long formed themes in prose and poetry, but those States are in the flat-land coasts of our country, with no scenery to give any of the strange, weird effects of a broken land.

HEARTnounUS /hɑːrt/

the locus of feelings and intuitions

From this reading SOUTHWESTERN CHIHUAHUA--AMONG THE CAVE AND CLIFF DWELLERS IN THE HEART OF THE SIERRA MADRE RANGE.

hereadverbUS /hiːr/

in or at this place; where the speaker or writer is

From this reading That night our camp was in an immense pine forest on the crest of one of the high peaks, and here we parted with our Mexican friend Don Augustin Becerra, to whom we had already become deeply indebted, and who found it necessary to hasten on to his father's mines at Urique, which we were to make more leisurely.

highadjectiveUS /haɪ/

greater than normal in degree or intensity or amount

From this reading That night our camp was in an immense pine forest on the crest of one of the high peaks, and here we parted with our Mexican friend Don Augustin Becerra, to whom we had already become deeply indebted, and who found it necessary to hasten on to his father's mines at Urique, which we were to make more leisurely.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading That night our camp was in an immense pine forest on the crest of one of the high peaks, and here we parted with our Mexican friend Don Augustin Becerra, to whom we had already become deeply indebted, and who found it necessary to hasten on to his father's mines at Urique, which we were to make more leisurely.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading At one camp I made upon a high _potrero_, I saw such a scene.

immenseadjectiveUS /ˌɪˈmens/

unusually great in size or amount or degree or especially extent or scope

From this reading That night our camp was in an immense pine forest on the crest of one of the high peaks, and here we parted with our Mexican friend Don Augustin Becerra, to whom we had already become deeply indebted, and who found it necessary to hasten on to his father's mines at Urique, which we were to make more leisurely.

INprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading SOUTHWESTERN CHIHUAHUA--AMONG THE CAVE AND CLIFF DWELLERS IN THE HEART OF THE SIERRA MADRE RANGE.

indebtedadjectiveUS /ˌɪnˈdetɪd/

owing gratitude or recognition to another for help or favors etc

From this reading That night our camp was in an immense pine forest on the crest of one of the high peaks, and here we parted with our Mexican friend Don Augustin Becerra, to whom we had already become deeply indebted, and who found it necessary to hasten on to his father's mines at Urique, which we were to make more leisurely.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading There is a widely dispersed variety of pitch pine in these mountains, which may be said to be the candles or the lanterns of the natives of the country.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading That night our camp was in an immense pine forest on the crest of one of the high peaks, and here we parted with our Mexican friend Don Augustin Becerra, to whom we had already become deeply indebted, and who found it necessary to hasten on to his father's mines at Urique, which we were to make more leisurely.

landnounUS /lænd/

the land on which real estate is located

From this reading The night scenes in the pitch-pine States of the South have long formed themes in prose and poetry, but those States are in the flat-land coasts of our country, with no scenery to give any of the strange, weird effects of a broken land.

lanternsnounUS /ˈlæntərnz/

plural of “lantern” — light in a transparent protective case

From this reading There is a widely dispersed variety of pitch pine in these mountains, which may be said to be the candles or the lanterns of the natives of the country.

leisurelyadverbUS /ˈliːzərli/

in an unhurried way or at one's convenience

From this reading That night our camp was in an immense pine forest on the crest of one of the high peaks, and here we parted with our Mexican friend Don Augustin Becerra, to whom we had already become deeply indebted, and who found it necessary to hasten on to his father's mines at Urique, which we were to make more leisurely.

longadjectiveUS /lɔːŋ/

primarily temporal sense; being or indicating a relatively great or greater than average duration or passage of time or a duration as specified

From this reading The night scenes in the pitch-pine States of the South have long formed themes in prose and poetry, but those States are in the flat-land coasts of our country, with no scenery to give any of the strange, weird effects of a broken land.

madeadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading At one camp I made upon a high _potrero_, I saw such a scene.

MADRE

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading SOUTHWESTERN CHIHUAHUA--AMONG THE CAVE AND CLIFF DWELLERS IN THE HEART OF THE SIERRA MADRE RANGE.

makeverbUS /meɪk/

engage in

From this reading That night our camp was in an immense pine forest on the crest of one of the high peaks, and here we parted with our Mexican friend Don Augustin Becerra, to whom we had already become deeply indebted, and who found it necessary to hasten on to his father's mines at Urique, which we were to make more leisurely.

maymodal verbUS /meɪ/

used to say something is possible, or to give permission

From this reading There is a widely dispersed variety of pitch pine in these mountains, which may be said to be the candles or the lanterns of the natives of the country.

MexicannounUS /ˈmeksəkən/

a native or inhabitant of Mexico

From this reading That night our camp was in an immense pine forest on the crest of one of the high peaks, and here we parted with our Mexican friend Don Augustin Becerra, to whom we had already become deeply indebted, and who found it necessary to hasten on to his father's mines at Urique, which we were to make more leisurely.

minesnounUS /maɪnz/

plural of “mine” — excavation in the earth from which ores and minerals are extracted

From this reading That night our camp was in an immense pine forest on the crest of one of the high peaks, and here we parted with our Mexican friend Don Augustin Becerra, to whom we had already become deeply indebted, and who found it necessary to hasten on to his father's mines at Urique, which we were to make more leisurely.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading That night our camp was in an immense pine forest on the crest of one of the high peaks, and here we parted with our Mexican friend Don Augustin Becerra, to whom we had already become deeply indebted, and who found it necessary to hasten on to his father's mines at Urique, which we were to make more leisurely.

mountainsnounUS /ˈmaʊntənz/

plural of “mountain” — a land mass that projects well above its surroundings; higher than a hill

From this reading There is a widely dispersed variety of pitch pine in these mountains, which may be said to be the candles or the lanterns of the natives of the country.

nativesnounUS /ˈneɪtɪvz/

plural of “native” — an indigenous person who was born in a particular place

From this reading There is a widely dispersed variety of pitch pine in these mountains, which may be said to be the candles or the lanterns of the natives of the country.

necessaryadjectiveUS /ˈnesəseri/

absolutely essential

From this reading That night our camp was in an immense pine forest on the crest of one of the high peaks, and here we parted with our Mexican friend Don Augustin Becerra, to whom we had already become deeply indebted, and who found it necessary to hasten on to his father's mines at Urique, which we were to make more leisurely.

nightnounUS /naɪt/

the time after sunset and before sunrise while it is dark outside

From this reading That night our camp was in an immense pine forest on the crest of one of the high peaks, and here we parted with our Mexican friend Don Augustin Becerra, to whom we had already become deeply indebted, and who found it necessary to hasten on to his father's mines at Urique, which we were to make more leisurely.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading The night scenes in the pitch-pine States of the South have long formed themes in prose and poetry, but those States are in the flat-land coasts of our country, with no scenery to give any of the strange, weird effects of a broken land.

OFprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading SOUTHWESTERN CHIHUAHUA--AMONG THE CAVE AND CLIFF DWELLERS IN THE HEART OF THE SIERRA MADRE RANGE.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading That night our camp was in an immense pine forest on the crest of one of the high peaks, and here we parted with our Mexican friend Don Augustin Becerra, to whom we had already become deeply indebted, and who found it necessary to hasten on to his father's mines at Urique, which we were to make more leisurely.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading That night our camp was in an immense pine forest on the crest of one of the high peaks, and here we parted with our Mexican friend Don Augustin Becerra, to whom we had already become deeply indebted, and who found it necessary to hasten on to his father's mines at Urique, which we were to make more leisurely.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading There is a widely dispersed variety of pitch pine in these mountains, which may be said to be the candles or the lanterns of the natives of the country.

ourdeterminerUS /ˈaʊər/

belonging to the speaker and others

From this reading That night our camp was in an immense pine forest on the crest of one of the high peaks, and here we parted with our Mexican friend Don Augustin Becerra, to whom we had already become deeply indebted, and who found it necessary to hasten on to his father's mines at Urique, which we were to make more leisurely.

partedadjectiveUS /ˈpɑːrtɪd/

having a margin incised almost to the base so as to create distinct divisions or lobes

From this reading That night our camp was in an immense pine forest on the crest of one of the high peaks, and here we parted with our Mexican friend Don Augustin Becerra, to whom we had already become deeply indebted, and who found it necessary to hasten on to his father's mines at Urique, which we were to make more leisurely.

peaksnounUS /piːks/

plural of “peak” — the most extreme possible amount or value

From this reading That night our camp was in an immense pine forest on the crest of one of the high peaks, and here we parted with our Mexican friend Don Augustin Becerra, to whom we had already become deeply indebted, and who found it necessary to hasten on to his father's mines at Urique, which we were to make more leisurely.

pinenounUS /paɪn/

a coniferous tree

From this reading That night our camp was in an immense pine forest on the crest of one of the high peaks, and here we parted with our Mexican friend Don Augustin Becerra, to whom we had already become deeply indebted, and who found it necessary to hasten on to his father's mines at Urique, which we were to make more leisurely.

pitchnounUS /pɪtʃ/

the property of sound that varies with variation in the frequency of vibration

From this reading There is a widely dispersed variety of pitch pine in these mountains, which may be said to be the candles or the lanterns of the natives of the country.

pitch-pine

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The night scenes in the pitch-pine States of the South have long formed themes in prose and poetry, but those States are in the flat-land coasts of our country, with no scenery to give any of the strange, weird effects of a broken land.

poetrynounUS /ˈpoʊətri/

literature in metrical form

From this reading The night scenes in the pitch-pine States of the South have long formed themes in prose and poetry, but those States are in the flat-land coasts of our country, with no scenery to give any of the strange, weird effects of a broken land.

potrero

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading At one camp I made upon a high _potrero_, I saw such a scene.

prosenounUS /proʊz/

ordinary writing as distinguished from verse

From this reading The night scenes in the pitch-pine States of the South have long formed themes in prose and poetry, but those States are in the flat-land coasts of our country, with no scenery to give any of the strange, weird effects of a broken land.

RANGEnounUS /reɪndʒ/

an area in which something acts or operates or has power or control: "the range of a supersonic jet"

From this reading SOUTHWESTERN CHIHUAHUA--AMONG THE CAVE AND CLIFF DWELLERS IN THE HEART OF THE SIERRA MADRE RANGE.

saidadjectiveUS /sed/

being the one previously mentioned or spoken of

From this reading There is a widely dispersed variety of pitch pine in these mountains, which may be said to be the candles or the lanterns of the natives of the country.

sawverbUS /sɔː/

cut with a saw

From this reading At one camp I made upon a high _potrero_, I saw such a scene.

scenenounUS /siːn/

the place where some action occurs

From this reading At one camp I made upon a high _potrero_, I saw such a scene.

scenerynounUS /ˈsiːnəri/

the painted structures of a stage set that are intended to suggest a particular locale

From this reading The night scenes in the pitch-pine States of the South have long formed themes in prose and poetry, but those States are in the flat-land coasts of our country, with no scenery to give any of the strange, weird effects of a broken land.

scenesnounUS /siːnz/

plural of “scene” — the place where some action occurs

From this reading The night scenes in the pitch-pine States of the South have long formed themes in prose and poetry, but those States are in the flat-land coasts of our country, with no scenery to give any of the strange, weird effects of a broken land.

SIERRAnounUS /siˈerə/

a range of mountains (usually with jagged peaks and irregular outline)

From this reading SOUTHWESTERN CHIHUAHUA--AMONG THE CAVE AND CLIFF DWELLERS IN THE HEART OF THE SIERRA MADRE RANGE.

SouthnounUS /saʊθ/

the region of the United States lying to the south of the Mason-Dixon line

From this reading The night scenes in the pitch-pine States of the South have long formed themes in prose and poetry, but those States are in the flat-land coasts of our country, with no scenery to give any of the strange, weird effects of a broken land.

SOUTHWESTERNadjectiveUS /ˌsaʊˈθwestərn/

situated in or oriented toward the southwest

From this reading SOUTHWESTERN CHIHUAHUA--AMONG THE CAVE AND CLIFF DWELLERS IN THE HEART OF THE SIERRA MADRE RANGE.

StatesnounUS /steɪts/

plural of “state” — the territory occupied by one of the constituent administrative districts of a nation

From this reading The night scenes in the pitch-pine States of the South have long formed themes in prose and poetry, but those States are in the flat-land coasts of our country, with no scenery to give any of the strange, weird effects of a broken land.

strangeadjectiveUS /streɪndʒ/

being definitely out of the ordinary and unexpected; slightly odd or even a bit weird

From this reading The night scenes in the pitch-pine States of the South have long formed themes in prose and poetry, but those States are in the flat-land coasts of our country, with no scenery to give any of the strange, weird effects of a broken land.

suchdeterminerUS /sʌtʃ/

of the kind already mentioned

From this reading At one camp I made upon a high _potrero_, I saw such a scene.

ThatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading That night our camp was in an immense pine forest on the crest of one of the high peaks, and here we parted with our Mexican friend Don Augustin Becerra, to whom we had already become deeply indebted, and who found it necessary to hasten on to his father's mines at Urique, which we were to make more leisurely.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading SOUTHWESTERN CHIHUAHUA--AMONG THE CAVE AND CLIFF DWELLERS IN THE HEART OF THE SIERRA MADRE RANGE.

themesnounUS /θiːmz/

plural of “theme” — the subject matter of a conversation or discussion

From this reading The night scenes in the pitch-pine States of the South have long formed themes in prose and poetry, but those States are in the flat-land coasts of our country, with no scenery to give any of the strange, weird effects of a broken land.

ThereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading There is a widely dispersed variety of pitch pine in these mountains, which may be said to be the candles or the lanterns of the natives of the country.

thesedeterminerUS /ðiːz/

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading There is a widely dispersed variety of pitch pine in these mountains, which may be said to be the candles or the lanterns of the natives of the country.

thosedeterminerUS /ðoʊz/

the plural of “that”: the people or things further away, or already known

From this reading The night scenes in the pitch-pine States of the South have long formed themes in prose and poetry, but those States are in the flat-land coasts of our country, with no scenery to give any of the strange, weird effects of a broken land.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading That night our camp was in an immense pine forest on the crest of one of the high peaks, and here we parted with our Mexican friend Don Augustin Becerra, to whom we had already become deeply indebted, and who found it necessary to hasten on to his father's mines at Urique, which we were to make more leisurely.

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading At one camp I made upon a high _potrero_, I saw such a scene.

Urique

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading That night our camp was in an immense pine forest on the crest of one of the high peaks, and here we parted with our Mexican friend Don Augustin Becerra, to whom we had already become deeply indebted, and who found it necessary to hasten on to his father's mines at Urique, which we were to make more leisurely.

varietynounUS /vərˈaɪəti/

a collection containing a variety of sorts of things

From this reading There is a widely dispersed variety of pitch pine in these mountains, which may be said to be the candles or the lanterns of the natives of the country.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading That night our camp was in an immense pine forest on the crest of one of the high peaks, and here we parted with our Mexican friend Don Augustin Becerra, to whom we had already become deeply indebted, and who found it necessary to hasten on to his father's mines at Urique, which we were to make more leisurely.

wepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading That night our camp was in an immense pine forest on the crest of one of the high peaks, and here we parted with our Mexican friend Don Augustin Becerra, to whom we had already become deeply indebted, and who found it necessary to hasten on to his father's mines at Urique, which we were to make more leisurely.

weirdadjectiveUS /wɪrd/

suggesting the operation of supernatural influences

From this reading The night scenes in the pitch-pine States of the South have long formed themes in prose and poetry, but those States are in the flat-land coasts of our country, with no scenery to give any of the strange, weird effects of a broken land.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading That night our camp was in an immense pine forest on the crest of one of the high peaks, and here we parted with our Mexican friend Don Augustin Becerra, to whom we had already become deeply indebted, and who found it necessary to hasten on to his father's mines at Urique, which we were to make more leisurely.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading That night our camp was in an immense pine forest on the crest of one of the high peaks, and here we parted with our Mexican friend Don Augustin Becerra, to whom we had already become deeply indebted, and who found it necessary to hasten on to his father's mines at Urique, which we were to make more leisurely.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading That night our camp was in an immense pine forest on the crest of one of the high peaks, and here we parted with our Mexican friend Don Augustin Becerra, to whom we had already become deeply indebted, and who found it necessary to hasten on to his father's mines at Urique, which we were to make more leisurely.

whompronounUS /huːm/

the form of “who” used as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading That night our camp was in an immense pine forest on the crest of one of the high peaks, and here we parted with our Mexican friend Don Augustin Becerra, to whom we had already become deeply indebted, and who found it necessary to hasten on to his father's mines at Urique, which we were to make more leisurely.

widelyadverbUS /ˈwaɪdli/

to a great degree

From this reading There is a widely dispersed variety of pitch pine in these mountains, which may be said to be the candles or the lanterns of the natives of the country.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading That night our camp was in an immense pine forest on the crest of one of the high peaks, and here we parted with our Mexican friend Don Augustin Becerra, to whom we had already become deeply indebted, and who found it necessary to hasten on to his father's mines at Urique, which we were to make more leisurely.

Chapter 7 of In the Land of Cave and Cliff Dwellers by Frederick Schwatka holds 100 sentences, grouped into 20 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 7 of In the Land of Cave and Cliff Dwellers contain?

Chapter 7 holds 100 sentences of In the Land of Cave and Cliff Dwellers, unabridged, divided into 20 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 7 of In the Land of Cave and Cliff Dwellers by Frederick Schwatka exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 100 sentences, grouped into 20 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 7 of In the Land of Cave and Cliff Dwellers?

Work through the 20 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 20 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

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Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 7 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading In the Land of Cave and Cliff Dwellers

Common questions about reading In the Land of Cave and Cliff Dwellers by Frederick Schwatka on this page, its source edition and its audio.

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Project Gutenberg eBook #51532, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

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About 108 minutes of reading across 261 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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Vocabulary met early in In the Land of Cave and Cliff Dwellers

Words and structures a reader meets early in In the Land of Cave and Cliff Dwellers, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Author
A word that appears in the opening chapter of In the Land of Cave and Cliff Dwellers; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Children
A word that appears in the opening chapter of In the Land of Cave and Cliff Dwellers; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Nimrod
A word that appears in the opening chapter of In the Land of Cave and Cliff Dwellers; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
North
A word that appears in the opening chapter of In the Land of Cave and Cliff Dwellers; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.