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In the Land of Cave and Cliff Dwellers
In the Land of Cave and Cliff Dwellers

Chapter IX

Chapter 9 of In the Land of Cave and Cliff Dwellers is here in full — 123 sentences across 25 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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SOUTHWESTERN CHIHUAHUA--DESCRIPTION OF ONE OF THE RICHEST SILVER REGIONS OF THE WORLD--MINERAL WEALTH OF THE SIERRA MADRES--THE BATOPILAS DISTRICT.
After leaving Cerro Colorado, with its undeveloped possibilities, the trail leads southwestward through the broken barrancas toward Batopilas.
This portion of the trail has been so improved by the energetic mine owners, and was so broad and smooth, that our mules could often take up a trot, which seemed doubly fast after our laborious plodding through the rough, unbroken portion over which we had passed.
This trail had been built along some of the steepest cliffs and most rugged mountain sides, and must have been a work of great expense, for after every rainy season, lasting from June till September, these are badly washed out and require continuous repairs.
The usual Mexican method is to abandon a badly washed trail and strike out in a new direction.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

In the Land of Cave and Cliff Dwellers

Chapter IX

Chapter 9 of In the Land of Cave and Cliff Dwellers is here in full — 123 sentences across 25 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/24 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
SOUTHWESTERN CHIHUAHUA--DESCRIPTION OF ONE OF THE RICHEST SILVER REGIONS OF THE WORLD--MINERAL WEALTH OF THE SIERRA MADRES--THE BATOPILAS DISTRICT.
Line 2
After leaving Cerro Colorado, with its undeveloped possibilities, the trail leads southwestward through the broken barrancas toward Batopilas.
Line 3
This portion of the trail has been so improved by the energetic mine owners, and was so broad and smooth, that our mules could often take up a trot, which seemed doubly fast after our laborious plodding through the rough, unbroken portion over which we had passed.
/ðɪs ˈpɔːrʃən ʌv ðə treɪl hæz bɪn soʊ ˌɪmˈpruːvd baɪ ðə ˌenərˈdʒetɪk maɪn ˈoʊnərz ənd wɑːz soʊ brɔːd ənd smuːð ðæt ˈaʊər mjuːlz kʊd ˈɔːfən teɪk ʌp ə trɑːt wɪtʃ siːmd ˈdʌbli fæst ˈæftər ˈaʊər ləˈbɔːriəs ˈplɑːdɪŋ θruː ðə rʌf ənˈbroʊkən ˈpɔːrʃən ˈoʊvər wɪtʃ wiː hæd pæst/
Line 4
This trail had been built along some of the steepest cliffs and most rugged mountain sides, and must have been a work of great expense, for after every rainy season, lasting from June till September, these are badly washed out and require continuous repairs.
/ðɪs treɪl hæd bɪn bɪlt əˈlɔːŋ sʌm ʌv ðə ˈstiːpəst klɪfs ənd moʊst ˈrʌɡəd ˈmaʊntən saɪdz ənd mʌst hæv bɪn ə wɜːrk ʌv ɡreɪt ɪkˈspens fɔːr ˈæftər ˈevəri ˈreɪni ˈsiːzən ˈlæstɪŋ frʌm dʒuːn tɪl sepˈtembər ðiːz ɑːr ˈbædli wɑːʃt aʊt ənd ˌriːˈkwaɪər kənˈtɪnjuːəs rɪˈperz/
Line 5
The usual Mexican method is to abandon a badly washed trail and strike out in a new direction.
/ðə ˈjuːʒəwəl ˈmeksəkən ˈmeθəd ɪz tuː əˈbændən ə ˈbædli wɑːʃt treɪl ənd straɪk aʊt ɪn ə nuː dərˈekʃən/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

chihuahua noun US /tʃəˈwɑːwɑː/

a city in northern Mexico in the state of Chihuahua; commercial center of northern Mexico

From this reading “SOUTHWESTERN CHIHUAHUA--DESCRIPTION OF ONE OF THE RICHEST SILVER REGIONS OF THE WORLD--MINERAL WEALTH OF THE SIERRA MADRES--THE BATOPILAS DISTRICT.”

Colorado noun US /ˌkɑːlərˈɑːdoʊ/

a state in west central United States in the Rocky Mountains

From this reading “After leaving Cerro Colorado, with its undeveloped possibilities, the trail leads southwestward through the broken barrancas toward Batopilas.”

mineral noun US /ˈmɪnərəl/

solid homogeneous inorganic substances occurring in nature having a definite chemical composition

From this reading “SOUTHWESTERN CHIHUAHUA--DESCRIPTION OF ONE OF THE RICHEST SILVER REGIONS OF THE WORLD--MINERAL WEALTH OF THE SIERRA MADRES--THE BATOPILAS DISTRICT.”

plodding noun US /ˈplɑːdɪŋ/

hard monotonous routine work

From this reading “This portion of the trail has been so improved by the energetic mine owners, and was so broad and smooth, that our mules could often take up a trot, which seemed doubly fast after our laborious plodding through the rough, unbroken portion over which we had passed.”

sierra noun US /siˈerə/

a range of mountains (usually with jagged peaks and irregular outline)

From this reading “SOUTHWESTERN CHIHUAHUA--DESCRIPTION OF ONE OF THE RICHEST SILVER REGIONS OF THE WORLD--MINERAL WEALTH OF THE SIERRA MADRES--THE BATOPILAS DISTRICT.”

southwestern adjective US /ˌsaʊˈθwestərn/

situated in or oriented toward the southwest

From this reading “SOUTHWESTERN CHIHUAHUA--DESCRIPTION OF ONE OF THE RICHEST SILVER REGIONS OF THE WORLD--MINERAL WEALTH OF THE SIERRA MADRES--THE BATOPILAS DISTRICT.”

steepest adjective US /ˈstiːpəst/

superlative of “steep” — having a sharp inclination

From this reading “This trail had been built along some of the steepest cliffs and most rugged mountain sides, and must have been a work of great expense, for after every rainy season, lasting from June till September, these are badly washed out and require continuous repairs.”

undeveloped adjective US /ˌʌndɪˈveləpt/

not developed, mature, or fully formulated

From this reading “After leaving Cerro Colorado, with its undeveloped possibilities, the trail leads southwestward through the broken barrancas toward Batopilas.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

rainy season adjective + noun

one of the two seasons in tropical climates

In this reading “This trail had been built along some of the steepest cliffs and most rugged mountain sides, and must have been a work of great expense, for after every rainy season, lasting from June till September, these are badly washed out and require continuous repairs.”

steepest cliffs adjective + noun counted as “steep cliff”

In this reading “This trail had been built along some of the steepest cliffs and most rugged mountain sides, and must have been a work of great expense, for after every rainy season, lasting from June till September, these are badly washed out and require continuous repairs.”

rugged mountain adjective + noun

In this reading “This trail had been built along some of the steepest cliffs and most rugged mountain sides, and must have been a work of great expense, for after every rainy season, lasting from June till September, these are badly washed out and require continuous repairs.”

After leaving preposition + noun

In this reading “After leaving Cerro Colorado, with its undeveloped possibilities, the trail leads southwestward through the broken barrancas toward Batopilas.”

mountain sides noun + noun counted as “mountain side”

In this reading “This trail had been built along some of the steepest cliffs and most rugged mountain sides, and must have been a work of great expense, for after every rainy season, lasting from June till September, these are badly washed out and require continuous repairs.”

seemed doubly verb + particle counted as “seem doubly”

In this reading “This portion of the trail has been so improved by the energetic mine owners, and was so broad and smooth, that our mules could often take up a trot, which seemed doubly fast after our laborious plodding through the rough, unbroken portion over which we had passed.”

great expense adjective + noun

In this reading “This trail had been built along some of the steepest cliffs and most rugged mountain sides, and must have been a work of great expense, for after every rainy season, lasting from June till September, these are badly washed out and require continuous repairs.”

take up verb + adjective

pursue or resume

In this reading “This portion of the trail has been so improved by the energetic mine owners, and was so broad and smooth, that our mules could often take up a trot, which seemed doubly fast after our laborious plodding through the rough, unbroken portion over which we had passed.”

All words in this reading · 107

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading This portion of the trail has been so improved by the energetic mine owners, and was so broad and smooth, that our mules could often take up a trot, which seemed doubly fast after our laborious plodding through the rough, unbroken portion over which we had passed.

abandonverbUS /əˈbændən/

forsake, leave behind

From this reading The usual Mexican method is to abandon a badly washed trail and strike out in a new direction.

AfterprepositionUS /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading After leaving Cerro Colorado, with its undeveloped possibilities, the trail leads southwestward through the broken barrancas toward Batopilas.

alongprepositionUS /əˈlɔːŋ/

following the length of something from one end toward the other

From this reading This trail had been built along some of the steepest cliffs and most rugged mountain sides, and must have been a work of great expense, for after every rainy season, lasting from June till September, these are badly washed out and require continuous repairs.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading This portion of the trail has been so improved by the energetic mine owners, and was so broad and smooth, that our mules could often take up a trot, which seemed doubly fast after our laborious plodding through the rough, unbroken portion over which we had passed.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading This trail had been built along some of the steepest cliffs and most rugged mountain sides, and must have been a work of great expense, for after every rainy season, lasting from June till September, these are badly washed out and require continuous repairs.

badlyadverbUS /ˈbædli/

to a severe or serious degree

From this reading This trail had been built along some of the steepest cliffs and most rugged mountain sides, and must have been a work of great expense, for after every rainy season, lasting from June till September, these are badly washed out and require continuous repairs.

barrancas

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading After leaving Cerro Colorado, with its undeveloped possibilities, the trail leads southwestward through the broken barrancas toward Batopilas.

BATOPILAS

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading SOUTHWESTERN CHIHUAHUA--DESCRIPTION OF ONE OF THE RICHEST SILVER REGIONS OF THE WORLD--MINERAL WEALTH OF THE SIERRA MADRES--THE BATOPILAS DISTRICT.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading This portion of the trail has been so improved by the energetic mine owners, and was so broad and smooth, that our mules could often take up a trot, which seemed doubly fast after our laborious plodding through the rough, unbroken portion over which we had passed.

broadadjectiveUS /brɔːd/

having great (or a certain) extent from one side to the other

From this reading This portion of the trail has been so improved by the energetic mine owners, and was so broad and smooth, that our mules could often take up a trot, which seemed doubly fast after our laborious plodding through the rough, unbroken portion over which we had passed.

brokenadjectiveUS /ˈbroʊkən/

physically and forcibly separated into pieces or cracked or split

From this reading After leaving Cerro Colorado, with its undeveloped possibilities, the trail leads southwestward through the broken barrancas toward Batopilas.

builtadjectiveUS /bɪlt/

(used of soaps or cleaning agents) having a substance (an abrasive or filler) added to increase effectiveness

From this reading This trail had been built along some of the steepest cliffs and most rugged mountain sides, and must have been a work of great expense, for after every rainy season, lasting from June till September, these are badly washed out and require continuous repairs.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading This portion of the trail has been so improved by the energetic mine owners, and was so broad and smooth, that our mules could often take up a trot, which seemed doubly fast after our laborious plodding through the rough, unbroken portion over which we had passed.

Cerro

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading After leaving Cerro Colorado, with its undeveloped possibilities, the trail leads southwestward through the broken barrancas toward Batopilas.

CHIHUAHUAnounUS /tʃəˈwɑːwɑː/

a city in northern Mexico in the state of Chihuahua; commercial center of northern Mexico

From this reading SOUTHWESTERN CHIHUAHUA--DESCRIPTION OF ONE OF THE RICHEST SILVER REGIONS OF THE WORLD--MINERAL WEALTH OF THE SIERRA MADRES--THE BATOPILAS DISTRICT.

cliffsnounUS /klɪfs/

plural of “cliff” — a steep high face of rock

From this reading This trail had been built along some of the steepest cliffs and most rugged mountain sides, and must have been a work of great expense, for after every rainy season, lasting from June till September, these are badly washed out and require continuous repairs.

ColoradonounUS /ˌkɑːlərˈɑːdoʊ/

a state in west central United States in the Rocky Mountains

From this reading After leaving Cerro Colorado, with its undeveloped possibilities, the trail leads southwestward through the broken barrancas toward Batopilas.

continuousadjectiveUS /kənˈtɪnjuːəs/

continuing in time or space without interruption

From this reading This trail had been built along some of the steepest cliffs and most rugged mountain sides, and must have been a work of great expense, for after every rainy season, lasting from June till September, these are badly washed out and require continuous repairs.

couldmodal verbUS /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading This portion of the trail has been so improved by the energetic mine owners, and was so broad and smooth, that our mules could often take up a trot, which seemed doubly fast after our laborious plodding through the rough, unbroken portion over which we had passed.

DESCRIPTIONnounUS /dɪˈskrɪpʃən/

a statement that represents something in words

From this reading SOUTHWESTERN CHIHUAHUA--DESCRIPTION OF ONE OF THE RICHEST SILVER REGIONS OF THE WORLD--MINERAL WEALTH OF THE SIERRA MADRES--THE BATOPILAS DISTRICT.

directionnounUS /dərˈekʃən/

a line leading to a place or point

From this reading The usual Mexican method is to abandon a badly washed trail and strike out in a new direction.

DISTRICTnounUS /ˈdɪstrɪkt/

a region marked off for administrative or other purposes

From this reading SOUTHWESTERN CHIHUAHUA--DESCRIPTION OF ONE OF THE RICHEST SILVER REGIONS OF THE WORLD--MINERAL WEALTH OF THE SIERRA MADRES--THE BATOPILAS DISTRICT.

doublyadverbUS /ˈdʌbli/

to double the degree

From this reading This portion of the trail has been so improved by the energetic mine owners, and was so broad and smooth, that our mules could often take up a trot, which seemed doubly fast after our laborious plodding through the rough, unbroken portion over which we had passed.

energeticadjectiveUS /ˌenərˈdʒetɪk/

possessing or exerting or displaying energy

From this reading This portion of the trail has been so improved by the energetic mine owners, and was so broad and smooth, that our mules could often take up a trot, which seemed doubly fast after our laborious plodding through the rough, unbroken portion over which we had passed.

everydeterminerUS /ˈevəri/

all the members of a group, with none left out

From this reading This trail had been built along some of the steepest cliffs and most rugged mountain sides, and must have been a work of great expense, for after every rainy season, lasting from June till September, these are badly washed out and require continuous repairs.

expensenounUS /ɪkˈspens/

amounts paid for goods and services that may be currently tax deductible (as opposed to capital expenditures)

From this reading This trail had been built along some of the steepest cliffs and most rugged mountain sides, and must have been a work of great expense, for after every rainy season, lasting from June till September, these are badly washed out and require continuous repairs.

fastadverbUS /fæst/

quickly or rapidly (often used as a combining form)

From this reading This portion of the trail has been so improved by the energetic mine owners, and was so broad and smooth, that our mules could often take up a trot, which seemed doubly fast after our laborious plodding through the rough, unbroken portion over which we had passed.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading This trail had been built along some of the steepest cliffs and most rugged mountain sides, and must have been a work of great expense, for after every rainy season, lasting from June till September, these are badly washed out and require continuous repairs.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading This trail had been built along some of the steepest cliffs and most rugged mountain sides, and must have been a work of great expense, for after every rainy season, lasting from June till September, these are badly washed out and require continuous repairs.

greatadjectiveUS /ɡreɪt/

relatively large in size or number or extent; larger than others of its kind

From this reading This trail had been built along some of the steepest cliffs and most rugged mountain sides, and must have been a work of great expense, for after every rainy season, lasting from June till September, these are badly washed out and require continuous repairs.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading This portion of the trail has been so improved by the energetic mine owners, and was so broad and smooth, that our mules could often take up a trot, which seemed doubly fast after our laborious plodding through the rough, unbroken portion over which we had passed.

hasauxiliary verbUS /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading This portion of the trail has been so improved by the energetic mine owners, and was so broad and smooth, that our mules could often take up a trot, which seemed doubly fast after our laborious plodding through the rough, unbroken portion over which we had passed.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading This trail had been built along some of the steepest cliffs and most rugged mountain sides, and must have been a work of great expense, for after every rainy season, lasting from June till September, these are badly washed out and require continuous repairs.

improvedadjectiveUS /ˌɪmˈpruːvd/

made more desirable or valuable or profitable; especially made ready for use or marketing

From this reading This portion of the trail has been so improved by the energetic mine owners, and was so broad and smooth, that our mules could often take up a trot, which seemed doubly fast after our laborious plodding through the rough, unbroken portion over which we had passed.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading The usual Mexican method is to abandon a badly washed trail and strike out in a new direction.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The usual Mexican method is to abandon a badly washed trail and strike out in a new direction.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading After leaving Cerro Colorado, with its undeveloped possibilities, the trail leads southwestward through the broken barrancas toward Batopilas.

JunenounUS /dʒuːn/

the month following May and preceding July

From this reading This trail had been built along some of the steepest cliffs and most rugged mountain sides, and must have been a work of great expense, for after every rainy season, lasting from June till September, these are badly washed out and require continuous repairs.

laboriousadjectiveUS /ləˈbɔːriəs/

characterized by effort to the point of exhaustion; especially physical effort

From this reading This portion of the trail has been so improved by the energetic mine owners, and was so broad and smooth, that our mules could often take up a trot, which seemed doubly fast after our laborious plodding through the rough, unbroken portion over which we had passed.

lastingadjectiveUS /ˈlæstɪŋ/

continuing or enduring without marked change in status or condition or place

From this reading This trail had been built along some of the steepest cliffs and most rugged mountain sides, and must have been a work of great expense, for after every rainy season, lasting from June till September, these are badly washed out and require continuous repairs.

leadsnounUS /liːdz/

plural of “lead” — an advantage held by a competitor in a race

From this reading After leaving Cerro Colorado, with its undeveloped possibilities, the trail leads southwestward through the broken barrancas toward Batopilas.

leavingnounUS /ˈliːvɪŋ/

the act of departing

From this reading After leaving Cerro Colorado, with its undeveloped possibilities, the trail leads southwestward through the broken barrancas toward Batopilas.

MADRES

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading SOUTHWESTERN CHIHUAHUA--DESCRIPTION OF ONE OF THE RICHEST SILVER REGIONS OF THE WORLD--MINERAL WEALTH OF THE SIERRA MADRES--THE BATOPILAS DISTRICT.

methodnounUS /ˈmeθəd/

a way of doing something, especially a systematic way; implies an orderly logical arrangement (usually in steps)

From this reading The usual Mexican method is to abandon a badly washed trail and strike out in a new direction.

MexicannounUS /ˈmeksəkən/

a native or inhabitant of Mexico

From this reading The usual Mexican method is to abandon a badly washed trail and strike out in a new direction.

minepronounUS /maɪn/

the one or ones belonging to the person speaking

From this reading This portion of the trail has been so improved by the energetic mine owners, and was so broad and smooth, that our mules could often take up a trot, which seemed doubly fast after our laborious plodding through the rough, unbroken portion over which we had passed.

MINERALnounUS /ˈmɪnərəl/

solid homogeneous inorganic substances occurring in nature having a definite chemical composition

From this reading SOUTHWESTERN CHIHUAHUA--DESCRIPTION OF ONE OF THE RICHEST SILVER REGIONS OF THE WORLD--MINERAL WEALTH OF THE SIERRA MADRES--THE BATOPILAS DISTRICT.

mostadverbUS /moʊst/

used to form the superlative

From this reading This trail had been built along some of the steepest cliffs and most rugged mountain sides, and must have been a work of great expense, for after every rainy season, lasting from June till September, these are badly washed out and require continuous repairs.

mountainnounUS /ˈmaʊntən/

a land mass that projects well above its surroundings; higher than a hill

From this reading This trail had been built along some of the steepest cliffs and most rugged mountain sides, and must have been a work of great expense, for after every rainy season, lasting from June till September, these are badly washed out and require continuous repairs.

mulesnounUS /mjuːlz/

plural of “mule” — hybrid offspring of a male donkey and a female horse; usually sterile

From this reading This portion of the trail has been so improved by the energetic mine owners, and was so broad and smooth, that our mules could often take up a trot, which seemed doubly fast after our laborious plodding through the rough, unbroken portion over which we had passed.

mustmodal verbUS /mʌst/

used to say something is necessary, or almost certainly true

From this reading This trail had been built along some of the steepest cliffs and most rugged mountain sides, and must have been a work of great expense, for after every rainy season, lasting from June till September, these are badly washed out and require continuous repairs.

newadjectiveUS /nuː/

not of long duration; having just (or relatively recently) come into being or been made or acquired or discovered

From this reading The usual Mexican method is to abandon a badly washed trail and strike out in a new direction.

OFprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading SOUTHWESTERN CHIHUAHUA--DESCRIPTION OF ONE OF THE RICHEST SILVER REGIONS OF THE WORLD--MINERAL WEALTH OF THE SIERRA MADRES--THE BATOPILAS DISTRICT.

oftenadverbUS /ˈɔːfən/

many times at short intervals

From this reading This portion of the trail has been so improved by the energetic mine owners, and was so broad and smooth, that our mules could often take up a trot, which seemed doubly fast after our laborious plodding through the rough, unbroken portion over which we had passed.

ONEpronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading SOUTHWESTERN CHIHUAHUA--DESCRIPTION OF ONE OF THE RICHEST SILVER REGIONS OF THE WORLD--MINERAL WEALTH OF THE SIERRA MADRES--THE BATOPILAS DISTRICT.

ourdeterminerUS /ˈaʊər/

belonging to the speaker and others

From this reading This portion of the trail has been so improved by the energetic mine owners, and was so broad and smooth, that our mules could often take up a trot, which seemed doubly fast after our laborious plodding through the rough, unbroken portion over which we had passed.

outadjectiveUS /aʊt/

not allowed to continue to bat or run

From this reading This trail had been built along some of the steepest cliffs and most rugged mountain sides, and must have been a work of great expense, for after every rainy season, lasting from June till September, these are badly washed out and require continuous repairs.

overprepositionUS /ˈoʊvər/

above and across; more than

From this reading This portion of the trail has been so improved by the energetic mine owners, and was so broad and smooth, that our mules could often take up a trot, which seemed doubly fast after our laborious plodding through the rough, unbroken portion over which we had passed.

ownersnounUS /ˈoʊnərz/

plural of “owner” — (law) someone who owns (is legal possessor of) a business

From this reading This portion of the trail has been so improved by the energetic mine owners, and was so broad and smooth, that our mules could often take up a trot, which seemed doubly fast after our laborious plodding through the rough, unbroken portion over which we had passed.

passedverbUS /pæst/

past form of “pass” — go across or through

From this reading This portion of the trail has been so improved by the energetic mine owners, and was so broad and smooth, that our mules could often take up a trot, which seemed doubly fast after our laborious plodding through the rough, unbroken portion over which we had passed.

ploddingnounUS /ˈplɑːdɪŋ/

hard monotonous routine work

From this reading This portion of the trail has been so improved by the energetic mine owners, and was so broad and smooth, that our mules could often take up a trot, which seemed doubly fast after our laborious plodding through the rough, unbroken portion over which we had passed.

portionnounUS /ˈpɔːrʃən/

something determined in relation to something that includes it

From this reading This portion of the trail has been so improved by the energetic mine owners, and was so broad and smooth, that our mules could often take up a trot, which seemed doubly fast after our laborious plodding through the rough, unbroken portion over which we had passed.

possibilitiesnounUS /ˌpɑːsəˈbɪlətiz/

plural of “possibility” — a future prospect or potential

From this reading After leaving Cerro Colorado, with its undeveloped possibilities, the trail leads southwestward through the broken barrancas toward Batopilas.

rainyadjectiveUS /ˈreɪni/

(of weather) wet by periods of rain

From this reading This trail had been built along some of the steepest cliffs and most rugged mountain sides, and must have been a work of great expense, for after every rainy season, lasting from June till September, these are badly washed out and require continuous repairs.

REGIONSnounUS /ˈriːdʒənz/

plural of “region” — the extended spatial location of something

From this reading SOUTHWESTERN CHIHUAHUA--DESCRIPTION OF ONE OF THE RICHEST SILVER REGIONS OF THE WORLD--MINERAL WEALTH OF THE SIERRA MADRES--THE BATOPILAS DISTRICT.

repairsnounUS /rɪˈperz/

plural of “repair” — the act of putting something in working order again

From this reading This trail had been built along some of the steepest cliffs and most rugged mountain sides, and must have been a work of great expense, for after every rainy season, lasting from June till September, these are badly washed out and require continuous repairs.

requireverbUS /ˌriːˈkwaɪər/

require as useful, just, or proper

From this reading This trail had been built along some of the steepest cliffs and most rugged mountain sides, and must have been a work of great expense, for after every rainy season, lasting from June till September, these are badly washed out and require continuous repairs.

RICHESTadjectiveUS /ˈrɪtʃəst/

superlative of “rich” — possessing material wealth

From this reading SOUTHWESTERN CHIHUAHUA--DESCRIPTION OF ONE OF THE RICHEST SILVER REGIONS OF THE WORLD--MINERAL WEALTH OF THE SIERRA MADRES--THE BATOPILAS DISTRICT.

roughadjectiveUS /rʌf/

having or caused by an irregular surface

From this reading This portion of the trail has been so improved by the energetic mine owners, and was so broad and smooth, that our mules could often take up a trot, which seemed doubly fast after our laborious plodding through the rough, unbroken portion over which we had passed.

ruggedadjectiveUS /ˈrʌɡəd/

sturdy and strong in constitution or construction; enduring

From this reading This trail had been built along some of the steepest cliffs and most rugged mountain sides, and must have been a work of great expense, for after every rainy season, lasting from June till September, these are badly washed out and require continuous repairs.

seasonnounUS /ˈsiːzən/

a period of the year marked by special events or activities in some field

From this reading This trail had been built along some of the steepest cliffs and most rugged mountain sides, and must have been a work of great expense, for after every rainy season, lasting from June till September, these are badly washed out and require continuous repairs.

seemedverbUS /siːmd/

past form of “seem” — give a certain impression or have a certain outward aspect

From this reading This portion of the trail has been so improved by the energetic mine owners, and was so broad and smooth, that our mules could often take up a trot, which seemed doubly fast after our laborious plodding through the rough, unbroken portion over which we had passed.

SeptembernounUS /sepˈtembər/

the month following August and preceding October

From this reading This trail had been built along some of the steepest cliffs and most rugged mountain sides, and must have been a work of great expense, for after every rainy season, lasting from June till September, these are badly washed out and require continuous repairs.

sidesnounUS /saɪdz/

plural of “side” — a place within a region identified relative to a center or reference location

From this reading This trail had been built along some of the steepest cliffs and most rugged mountain sides, and must have been a work of great expense, for after every rainy season, lasting from June till September, these are badly washed out and require continuous repairs.

SIERRAnounUS /siˈerə/

a range of mountains (usually with jagged peaks and irregular outline)

From this reading SOUTHWESTERN CHIHUAHUA--DESCRIPTION OF ONE OF THE RICHEST SILVER REGIONS OF THE WORLD--MINERAL WEALTH OF THE SIERRA MADRES--THE BATOPILAS DISTRICT.

SILVERnounUS /ˈsɪlvər/

a soft white precious univalent metallic element having the highest electrical and thermal conductivity of any metal; occurs in argentite and in free form; used in coins and jewelry and tableware and photography

From this reading SOUTHWESTERN CHIHUAHUA--DESCRIPTION OF ONE OF THE RICHEST SILVER REGIONS OF THE WORLD--MINERAL WEALTH OF THE SIERRA MADRES--THE BATOPILAS DISTRICT.

smoothadjectiveUS /smuːð/

having a surface free from roughness or bumps or ridges or irregularities

From this reading This portion of the trail has been so improved by the energetic mine owners, and was so broad and smooth, that our mules could often take up a trot, which seemed doubly fast after our laborious plodding through the rough, unbroken portion over which we had passed.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading This portion of the trail has been so improved by the energetic mine owners, and was so broad and smooth, that our mules could often take up a trot, which seemed doubly fast after our laborious plodding through the rough, unbroken portion over which we had passed.

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading This trail had been built along some of the steepest cliffs and most rugged mountain sides, and must have been a work of great expense, for after every rainy season, lasting from June till September, these are badly washed out and require continuous repairs.

SOUTHWESTERNadjectiveUS /ˌsaʊˈθwestərn/

situated in or oriented toward the southwest

From this reading SOUTHWESTERN CHIHUAHUA--DESCRIPTION OF ONE OF THE RICHEST SILVER REGIONS OF THE WORLD--MINERAL WEALTH OF THE SIERRA MADRES--THE BATOPILAS DISTRICT.

southwestwardnoun

the compass point midway between south and west; at 225 degrees

From this reading After leaving Cerro Colorado, with its undeveloped possibilities, the trail leads southwestward through the broken barrancas toward Batopilas.

steepestadjectiveUS /ˈstiːpəst/

superlative of “steep” — having a sharp inclination

From this reading This trail had been built along some of the steepest cliffs and most rugged mountain sides, and must have been a work of great expense, for after every rainy season, lasting from June till September, these are badly washed out and require continuous repairs.

strikeverbUS /straɪk/

deliver a sharp blow, as with the hand, fist, or weapon

From this reading The usual Mexican method is to abandon a badly washed trail and strike out in a new direction.

takeverbUS /teɪk/

carry out

From this reading This portion of the trail has been so improved by the energetic mine owners, and was so broad and smooth, that our mules could often take up a trot, which seemed doubly fast after our laborious plodding through the rough, unbroken portion over which we had passed.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading This portion of the trail has been so improved by the energetic mine owners, and was so broad and smooth, that our mules could often take up a trot, which seemed doubly fast after our laborious plodding through the rough, unbroken portion over which we had passed.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading SOUTHWESTERN CHIHUAHUA--DESCRIPTION OF ONE OF THE RICHEST SILVER REGIONS OF THE WORLD--MINERAL WEALTH OF THE SIERRA MADRES--THE BATOPILAS DISTRICT.

thesedeterminerUS /ðiːz/

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading This trail had been built along some of the steepest cliffs and most rugged mountain sides, and must have been a work of great expense, for after every rainy season, lasting from June till September, these are badly washed out and require continuous repairs.

ThisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading This portion of the trail has been so improved by the energetic mine owners, and was so broad and smooth, that our mules could often take up a trot, which seemed doubly fast after our laborious plodding through the rough, unbroken portion over which we had passed.

throughprepositionUS /θruː/

from one end or side of something to the other

From this reading After leaving Cerro Colorado, with its undeveloped possibilities, the trail leads southwestward through the broken barrancas toward Batopilas.

tillprepositionUS /tɪl/

up to a particular time

From this reading This trail had been built along some of the steepest cliffs and most rugged mountain sides, and must have been a work of great expense, for after every rainy season, lasting from June till September, these are badly washed out and require continuous repairs.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading The usual Mexican method is to abandon a badly washed trail and strike out in a new direction.

towardprepositionUS /təˈwɔːrd/

in the direction of

From this reading After leaving Cerro Colorado, with its undeveloped possibilities, the trail leads southwestward through the broken barrancas toward Batopilas.

trailnounUS /treɪl/

a track or mark left by something that has passed

From this reading After leaving Cerro Colorado, with its undeveloped possibilities, the trail leads southwestward through the broken barrancas toward Batopilas.

trotverbUS /trɑːt/

run at a moderately swift pace

From this reading This portion of the trail has been so improved by the energetic mine owners, and was so broad and smooth, that our mules could often take up a trot, which seemed doubly fast after our laborious plodding through the rough, unbroken portion over which we had passed.

unbrokenadjectiveUS /ənˈbroʊkən/

marked by continuous or uninterrupted extension in space or time or sequence

From this reading This portion of the trail has been so improved by the energetic mine owners, and was so broad and smooth, that our mules could often take up a trot, which seemed doubly fast after our laborious plodding through the rough, unbroken portion over which we had passed.

undevelopedadjectiveUS /ˌʌndɪˈveləpt/

not developed, mature, or fully formulated

From this reading After leaving Cerro Colorado, with its undeveloped possibilities, the trail leads southwestward through the broken barrancas toward Batopilas.

upadjectiveUS /ʌp/

being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level

From this reading This portion of the trail has been so improved by the energetic mine owners, and was so broad and smooth, that our mules could often take up a trot, which seemed doubly fast after our laborious plodding through the rough, unbroken portion over which we had passed.

usualadjectiveUS /ˈjuːʒəwəl/

occurring or encountered or experienced or observed frequently or in accordance with regular practice or procedure

From this reading The usual Mexican method is to abandon a badly washed trail and strike out in a new direction.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading This portion of the trail has been so improved by the energetic mine owners, and was so broad and smooth, that our mules could often take up a trot, which seemed doubly fast after our laborious plodding through the rough, unbroken portion over which we had passed.

washedadjectiveUS /wɑːʃt/

clean by virtue of having been washed in water

From this reading This trail had been built along some of the steepest cliffs and most rugged mountain sides, and must have been a work of great expense, for after every rainy season, lasting from June till September, these are badly washed out and require continuous repairs.

wepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading This portion of the trail has been so improved by the energetic mine owners, and was so broad and smooth, that our mules could often take up a trot, which seemed doubly fast after our laborious plodding through the rough, unbroken portion over which we had passed.

WEALTHnounUS /welθ/

the state of being rich and affluent; having a plentiful supply of material goods and money

From this reading SOUTHWESTERN CHIHUAHUA--DESCRIPTION OF ONE OF THE RICHEST SILVER REGIONS OF THE WORLD--MINERAL WEALTH OF THE SIERRA MADRES--THE BATOPILAS DISTRICT.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading This portion of the trail has been so improved by the energetic mine owners, and was so broad and smooth, that our mules could often take up a trot, which seemed doubly fast after our laborious plodding through the rough, unbroken portion over which we had passed.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading After leaving Cerro Colorado, with its undeveloped possibilities, the trail leads southwestward through the broken barrancas toward Batopilas.

workverbUS /wɜːrk/

exert oneself by doing mental or physical work for a purpose or out of necessity

From this reading This trail had been built along some of the steepest cliffs and most rugged mountain sides, and must have been a work of great expense, for after every rainy season, lasting from June till September, these are badly washed out and require continuous repairs.

WORLDnounUS /wɜːrld/

everything that exists anywhere

From this reading SOUTHWESTERN CHIHUAHUA--DESCRIPTION OF ONE OF THE RICHEST SILVER REGIONS OF THE WORLD--MINERAL WEALTH OF THE SIERRA MADRES--THE BATOPILAS DISTRICT.

Chapter 9 of In the Land of Cave and Cliff Dwellers by Frederick Schwatka holds 123 sentences, grouped into 25 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 9 of In the Land of Cave and Cliff Dwellers contain?

Chapter 9 holds 123 sentences of In the Land of Cave and Cliff Dwellers, unabridged, divided into 25 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 9 of In the Land of Cave and Cliff Dwellers by Frederick Schwatka exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 123 sentences, grouped into 25 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

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Work through the 25 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 25 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

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Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

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Project Gutenberg eBook #51532, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

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About 108 minutes of reading across 261 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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Vocabulary met early in In the Land of Cave and Cliff Dwellers

Words and structures a reader meets early in In the Land of Cave and Cliff Dwellers, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Author
A word that appears in the opening chapter of In the Land of Cave and Cliff Dwellers; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Children
A word that appears in the opening chapter of In the Land of Cave and Cliff Dwellers; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Nimrod
A word that appears in the opening chapter of In the Land of Cave and Cliff Dwellers; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
North
A word that appears in the opening chapter of In the Land of Cave and Cliff Dwellers; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.