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In the Valley
In the Valley

Chapter XII · Chapter 12

Chapter 12 of In the Valley is here in full — 105 sentences across 21 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/21 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
To the Far Lake Country and Home Again.
We had left what it pleases us to call civilization behind.
Until our return we were scarcely again to see the blackened fields of stumps surrounding clearings, or potash kettles, or girdled trees, or chimneys.
Not that our course lay wholly through unbroken solitude; but the men we for the most part encountered were of the strange sort who had pushed westward farther and farther to be alone--to get away from their fellows.
The axe to them did not signify the pearlash of commerce, but firewood and honey and coon-skins for their own personal wants.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

In the Valley

Chapter XII · Chapter 12

Chapter 12 of In the Valley is here in full — 105 sentences across 21 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/21 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
To the Far Lake Country and Home Again.
/tuː ðə fɑːr leɪk ˈkʌntri ənd hoʊm əˈɡen/
Line 2
We had left what it pleases us to call civilization behind.
/wiː hæd left wʌt ɪt ˈpliːzɪz ʌs tuː kɔːl ˌsɪvəlɪˈzeɪʃən bɪˈhaɪnd/
Line 3
Until our return we were scarcely again to see the blackened fields of stumps surrounding clearings, or potash kettles, or girdled trees, or chimneys.
Line 4
Not that our course lay wholly through unbroken solitude; but the men we for the most part encountered were of the strange sort who had pushed westward farther and farther to be alone--to get away from their fellows.
Line 5
The axe to them did not signify the pearlash of commerce, but firewood and honey and coon-skins for their own personal wants.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

blackened adjective US /ˈblækənd/

darkened by smoke

From this reading “Until our return we were scarcely again to see the blackened fields of stumps surrounding clearings, or potash kettles, or girdled trees, or chimneys.”

chimneys noun US /ˈtʃɪmniz/

plural of “chimney” — a vertical flue that provides a path through which smoke from a fire is carried away through the wall or roof of a building

From this reading “Until our return we were scarcely again to see the blackened fields of stumps surrounding clearings, or potash kettles, or girdled trees, or chimneys.”

firewood noun US /ˈfaɪərwʊd/

wood used for fuel

From this reading “The axe to them did not signify the pearlash of commerce, but firewood and honey and coon-skins for their own personal wants.”

kettles noun US /ˈketəlz/

plural of “kettle” — a metal pot for stewing or boiling; usually has a lid

From this reading “Until our return we were scarcely again to see the blackened fields of stumps surrounding clearings, or potash kettles, or girdled trees, or chimneys.”

potash noun US /ˈpɑːtæʃ/

a potassium compound often used in agriculture and industry

From this reading “Until our return we were scarcely again to see the blackened fields of stumps surrounding clearings, or potash kettles, or girdled trees, or chimneys.”

signify verb US /ˈsɪɡnəfaɪ/

denote or connote

From this reading “The axe to them did not signify the pearlash of commerce, but firewood and honey and coon-skins for their own personal wants.”

stumps noun US /stʌmps/

plural of “stump” — the base part of a tree that remains standing after the tree has been felled

From this reading “Until our return we were scarcely again to see the blackened fields of stumps surrounding clearings, or potash kettles, or girdled trees, or chimneys.”

unbroken adjective US /ənˈbroʊkən/

marked by continuous or uninterrupted extension in space or time or sequence

From this reading “Not that our course lay wholly through unbroken solitude; but the men we for the most part encountered were of the strange sort who had pushed westward farther and farther to be alone--to get away from their fellows.”

All words in this reading · 75

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

AgainadverbUS /əˈɡen/

anew

From this reading To the Far Lake Country and Home Again.

aloneadjectiveUS /əˈloʊn/

Having no one else present.

From this reading Not that our course lay wholly through unbroken solitude; but the men we for the most part encountered were of the strange sort who had pushed westward farther and farther to be alone--to get away from their fellows.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading To the Far Lake Country and Home Again.

awayadverbUS /əˈweɪ/

from a particular thing or place or position (“forth” is obsolete)

From this reading Not that our course lay wholly through unbroken solitude; but the men we for the most part encountered were of the strange sort who had pushed westward farther and farther to be alone--to get away from their fellows.

axenounUS /æks/

an edge tool with a heavy bladed head mounted across a handle

From this reading The axe to them did not signify the pearlash of commerce, but firewood and honey and coon-skins for their own personal wants.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading Not that our course lay wholly through unbroken solitude; but the men we for the most part encountered were of the strange sort who had pushed westward farther and farther to be alone--to get away from their fellows.

behindprepositionUS /bɪˈhaɪnd/

at or toward the back of something

From this reading We had left what it pleases us to call civilization behind.

blackenedadjectiveUS /ˈblækənd/

darkened by smoke

From this reading Until our return we were scarcely again to see the blackened fields of stumps surrounding clearings, or potash kettles, or girdled trees, or chimneys.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading Not that our course lay wholly through unbroken solitude; but the men we for the most part encountered were of the strange sort who had pushed westward farther and farther to be alone--to get away from their fellows.

callverbUS /kɔːl/

assign a specified (usually proper) proper name to

From this reading We had left what it pleases us to call civilization behind.

chimneysnounUS /ˈtʃɪmniz/

plural of “chimney” — a vertical flue that provides a path through which smoke from a fire is carried away through the wall or roof of a building

From this reading Until our return we were scarcely again to see the blackened fields of stumps surrounding clearings, or potash kettles, or girdled trees, or chimneys.

civilizationnounUS /ˌsɪvəlɪˈzeɪʃən/

a society in an advanced state of social development (e.g., with complex legal and political and religious organizations)

From this reading We had left what it pleases us to call civilization behind.

clearings

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Until our return we were scarcely again to see the blackened fields of stumps surrounding clearings, or potash kettles, or girdled trees, or chimneys.

commercenounUS /ˈkɑːmərs/

transactions (sales and purchases) having the objective of supplying commodities (goods and services)

From this reading The axe to them did not signify the pearlash of commerce, but firewood and honey and coon-skins for their own personal wants.

coon-skins

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The axe to them did not signify the pearlash of commerce, but firewood and honey and coon-skins for their own personal wants.

CountrynounUS /ˈkʌntri/

a politically organized body of people under a single government

From this reading To the Far Lake Country and Home Again.

coursenounUS /kɔːrs/

education imparted in a series of lessons or meetings

From this reading Not that our course lay wholly through unbroken solitude; but the men we for the most part encountered were of the strange sort who had pushed westward farther and farther to be alone--to get away from their fellows.

didauxiliary verbUS /dɪd/

the past form of “do”, used in questions and negatives

From this reading The axe to them did not signify the pearlash of commerce, but firewood and honey and coon-skins for their own personal wants.

encounteredverbUS /ɪnˈkaʊntərd/

past form of “encounter” — come together

From this reading Not that our course lay wholly through unbroken solitude; but the men we for the most part encountered were of the strange sort who had pushed westward farther and farther to be alone--to get away from their fellows.

FaradverbUS /fɑːr/

to a considerable degree; very much

From this reading To the Far Lake Country and Home Again.

fartheradjectiveUS /ˈfɑːrðər/

more distant in especially space or time

From this reading Not that our course lay wholly through unbroken solitude; but the men we for the most part encountered were of the strange sort who had pushed westward farther and farther to be alone--to get away from their fellows.

fellowsnounUS /ˈfeloʊz/

plural of “fellow” — a boy or man

From this reading Not that our course lay wholly through unbroken solitude; but the men we for the most part encountered were of the strange sort who had pushed westward farther and farther to be alone--to get away from their fellows.

fieldsnounUS /fiːldz/

United States comedian and film actor (1880-1946)

From this reading Until our return we were scarcely again to see the blackened fields of stumps surrounding clearings, or potash kettles, or girdled trees, or chimneys.

firewoodnounUS /ˈfaɪərwʊd/

wood used for fuel

From this reading The axe to them did not signify the pearlash of commerce, but firewood and honey and coon-skins for their own personal wants.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading Not that our course lay wholly through unbroken solitude; but the men we for the most part encountered were of the strange sort who had pushed westward farther and farther to be alone--to get away from their fellows.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading Not that our course lay wholly through unbroken solitude; but the men we for the most part encountered were of the strange sort who had pushed westward farther and farther to be alone--to get away from their fellows.

getverbUS /ɡet/

come into the possession of something concrete or abstract

From this reading Not that our course lay wholly through unbroken solitude; but the men we for the most part encountered were of the strange sort who had pushed westward farther and farther to be alone--to get away from their fellows.

girdled

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Until our return we were scarcely again to see the blackened fields of stumps surrounding clearings, or potash kettles, or girdled trees, or chimneys.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading We had left what it pleases us to call civilization behind.

HomenounUS /hoʊm/

where you live at a particular time

From this reading To the Far Lake Country and Home Again.

honeynounUS /ˈhʌni/

a sweet yellow liquid produced by bees

From this reading The axe to them did not signify the pearlash of commerce, but firewood and honey and coon-skins for their own personal wants.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading We had left what it pleases us to call civilization behind.

kettlesnounUS /ˈketəlz/

plural of “kettle” — a metal pot for stewing or boiling; usually has a lid

From this reading Until our return we were scarcely again to see the blackened fields of stumps surrounding clearings, or potash kettles, or girdled trees, or chimneys.

LakenounUS /leɪk/

a body of (usually fresh) water surrounded by land

From this reading To the Far Lake Country and Home Again.

layverbUS /leɪ/

put into a certain place or abstract location

From this reading Not that our course lay wholly through unbroken solitude; but the men we for the most part encountered were of the strange sort who had pushed westward farther and farther to be alone--to get away from their fellows.

leftnounUS /left/

location near or direction toward the left side; i.e. the side to the north when a person or object faces east

From this reading We had left what it pleases us to call civilization behind.

mennounUS /men/

the force of workers available

From this reading Not that our course lay wholly through unbroken solitude; but the men we for the most part encountered were of the strange sort who had pushed westward farther and farther to be alone--to get away from their fellows.

mostadverbUS /moʊst/

used to form the superlative

From this reading Not that our course lay wholly through unbroken solitude; but the men we for the most part encountered were of the strange sort who had pushed westward farther and farther to be alone--to get away from their fellows.

NotadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading Not that our course lay wholly through unbroken solitude; but the men we for the most part encountered were of the strange sort who had pushed westward farther and farther to be alone--to get away from their fellows.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Until our return we were scarcely again to see the blackened fields of stumps surrounding clearings, or potash kettles, or girdled trees, or chimneys.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading Until our return we were scarcely again to see the blackened fields of stumps surrounding clearings, or potash kettles, or girdled trees, or chimneys.

ourdeterminerUS /ˈaʊər/

belonging to the speaker and others

From this reading Until our return we were scarcely again to see the blackened fields of stumps surrounding clearings, or potash kettles, or girdled trees, or chimneys.

ownverbUS /oʊn/

have ownership or possession of

From this reading The axe to them did not signify the pearlash of commerce, but firewood and honey and coon-skins for their own personal wants.

partnounUS /pɑːrt/

something determined in relation to something that includes it

From this reading Not that our course lay wholly through unbroken solitude; but the men we for the most part encountered were of the strange sort who had pushed westward farther and farther to be alone--to get away from their fellows.

pearlash

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The axe to them did not signify the pearlash of commerce, but firewood and honey and coon-skins for their own personal wants.

personaladjectiveUS /ˈpɜːrsɪnəl/

concerning or affecting a particular person or his or her private life and personality

From this reading The axe to them did not signify the pearlash of commerce, but firewood and honey and coon-skins for their own personal wants.

pleasesverbUS /ˈpliːzɪz/

third-person singular of “please” — give pleasure to or be pleasing to

From this reading We had left what it pleases us to call civilization behind.

potashnounUS /ˈpɑːtæʃ/

a potassium compound often used in agriculture and industry

From this reading Until our return we were scarcely again to see the blackened fields of stumps surrounding clearings, or potash kettles, or girdled trees, or chimneys.

pushedverbUS /pʊʃt/

past form of “push” — move with force

From this reading Not that our course lay wholly through unbroken solitude; but the men we for the most part encountered were of the strange sort who had pushed westward farther and farther to be alone--to get away from their fellows.

returnverbUS /rɪˈtɜːrn/

go or come back to place, condition, or activity where one has been before

From this reading Until our return we were scarcely again to see the blackened fields of stumps surrounding clearings, or potash kettles, or girdled trees, or chimneys.

scarcelyadverbUS /ˈskersli/

only a very short time before

From this reading Until our return we were scarcely again to see the blackened fields of stumps surrounding clearings, or potash kettles, or girdled trees, or chimneys.

seeverbUS /siː/

perceive by sight or have the power to perceive by sight

From this reading Until our return we were scarcely again to see the blackened fields of stumps surrounding clearings, or potash kettles, or girdled trees, or chimneys.

signifyverbUS /ˈsɪɡnəfaɪ/

denote or connote

From this reading The axe to them did not signify the pearlash of commerce, but firewood and honey and coon-skins for their own personal wants.

solitudenounUS /ˈsɑːlətuːd/

a state of social isolation

From this reading Not that our course lay wholly through unbroken solitude; but the men we for the most part encountered were of the strange sort who had pushed westward farther and farther to be alone--to get away from their fellows.

sortnounUS /sɔːrt/

a category of things distinguished by some common characteristic or quality

From this reading Not that our course lay wholly through unbroken solitude; but the men we for the most part encountered were of the strange sort who had pushed westward farther and farther to be alone--to get away from their fellows.

strangeadjectiveUS /streɪndʒ/

being definitely out of the ordinary and unexpected; slightly odd or even a bit weird

From this reading Not that our course lay wholly through unbroken solitude; but the men we for the most part encountered were of the strange sort who had pushed westward farther and farther to be alone--to get away from their fellows.

stumpsnounUS /stʌmps/

plural of “stump” — the base part of a tree that remains standing after the tree has been felled

From this reading Until our return we were scarcely again to see the blackened fields of stumps surrounding clearings, or potash kettles, or girdled trees, or chimneys.

surroundingadjectiveUS /sərˈaʊndɪŋ/

closely encircling

From this reading Until our return we were scarcely again to see the blackened fields of stumps surrounding clearings, or potash kettles, or girdled trees, or chimneys.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading Not that our course lay wholly through unbroken solitude; but the men we for the most part encountered were of the strange sort who had pushed westward farther and farther to be alone--to get away from their fellows.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading To the Far Lake Country and Home Again.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading Not that our course lay wholly through unbroken solitude; but the men we for the most part encountered were of the strange sort who had pushed westward farther and farther to be alone--to get away from their fellows.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading The axe to them did not signify the pearlash of commerce, but firewood and honey and coon-skins for their own personal wants.

throughprepositionUS /θruː/

from one end or side of something to the other

From this reading Not that our course lay wholly through unbroken solitude; but the men we for the most part encountered were of the strange sort who had pushed westward farther and farther to be alone--to get away from their fellows.

ToparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading To the Far Lake Country and Home Again.

treesnounUS /triːz/

plural of “tree” — a tall perennial woody plant having a main trunk and branches forming a distinct elevated crown; includes both gymnosperms and angiosperms

From this reading Until our return we were scarcely again to see the blackened fields of stumps surrounding clearings, or potash kettles, or girdled trees, or chimneys.

unbrokenadjectiveUS /ənˈbroʊkən/

marked by continuous or uninterrupted extension in space or time or sequence

From this reading Not that our course lay wholly through unbroken solitude; but the men we for the most part encountered were of the strange sort who had pushed westward farther and farther to be alone--to get away from their fellows.

UntilprepositionUS /ənˈtɪl/

up to a particular time

From this reading Until our return we were scarcely again to see the blackened fields of stumps surrounding clearings, or potash kettles, or girdled trees, or chimneys.

uspronounUS /ʌs/

the speaker and others, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading We had left what it pleases us to call civilization behind.

wantsnounUS /wɑːnts/

plural of “want” — a state of extreme poverty

From this reading The axe to them did not signify the pearlash of commerce, but firewood and honey and coon-skins for their own personal wants.

WepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading We had left what it pleases us to call civilization behind.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Until our return we were scarcely again to see the blackened fields of stumps surrounding clearings, or potash kettles, or girdled trees, or chimneys.

westwardadverbUS /ˈwestwərd/

toward the west

From this reading Not that our course lay wholly through unbroken solitude; but the men we for the most part encountered were of the strange sort who had pushed westward farther and farther to be alone--to get away from their fellows.

whatpronounUS /wʌt/

used to ask for information about something

From this reading We had left what it pleases us to call civilization behind.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading Not that our course lay wholly through unbroken solitude; but the men we for the most part encountered were of the strange sort who had pushed westward farther and farther to be alone--to get away from their fellows.

whollyadverbUS /ˈhoʊli/

to a complete degree or to the full or entire extent (“whole” is often used informally for “wholly”)

From this reading Not that our course lay wholly through unbroken solitude; but the men we for the most part encountered were of the strange sort who had pushed westward farther and farther to be alone--to get away from their fellows.

Chapter 12 of In the Valley by Harold Frederic holds 105 sentences, grouped into 21 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 12 of In the Valley contain?

Chapter 12 holds 105 sentences of In the Valley, unabridged, divided into 21 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 12 of In the Valley by Harold Frederic exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 105 sentences, grouped into 21 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 12 of In the Valley?

Work through the 21 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 21 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 12 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 12 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading In the Valley

Common questions about reading In the Valley by Harold Frederic on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of In the Valley?

Yes. All 5179 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #9787 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of In the Valley is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #9787, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does In the Valley take to read?

About 431 minutes of reading across 1036 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read In the Valley section by section

How to work through In the Valley section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 36 chapters of In the Valley to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in In the Valley

Words and structures a reader meets early in In the Valley, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Setting
A word that appears in the opening chapter of In the Valley; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Forth
A word that appears in the opening chapter of In the Valley; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Child
A word that appears in the opening chapter of In the Valley; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Brought
A word that appears in the opening chapter of In the Valley; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.