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In the Wilds of South America
In the Wilds of South America

Chapter XIX

Chapter 19 of In the Wilds of South America is here in full — 264 sentences across 53 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/52 · 5 lines
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CROSSING THE BOLIVIAN HIGHLANDS FROM COCHABAMBA TO THE CHAPARÉ Cochabamba is one of the more important cities of Bolivia.
In size it ranks next to La Paz, although it is not nearly so modern, and in point of activity it is far in advance of Sucre.
The population is about thirty-five thousand.
The plain upon which the city is built was at one time the bottom of a lake, which fact is indicated by its ancient name of Oropeza, a Quechua word meaning “plain of the lake.”
On account of its high elevation, which is approximately eight thousand five hundred feet above sea-level, the region enjoys a mild climate; the average annual temperature is 66° F. Rain falls in abundance during the months from November to April; and during the dry months irrigation is resorted to for providing water to the fields of alfalfa and grain.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

In the Wilds of South America

Chapter XIX

Chapter 19 of In the Wilds of South America is here in full — 264 sentences across 53 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/52 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
CROSSING THE BOLIVIAN HIGHLANDS FROM COCHABAMBA TO THE CHAPARÉ Cochabamba is one of the more important cities of Bolivia.
Line 2
In size it ranks next to La Paz, although it is not nearly so modern, and in point of activity it is far in advance of Sucre.
Line 3
The population is about thirty-five thousand.
/ðə ˌpɑːpjəˈleɪʃən ɪz əˈbaʊt ˈθɜːrdifaɪv ˈθaʊzənd/
Line 4
The plain upon which the city is built was at one time the bottom of a lake, which fact is indicated by its ancient name of Oropeza, a Quechua word meaning “plain of the lake.”
Line 5
On account of its high elevation, which is approximately eight thousand five hundred feet above sea-level, the region enjoys a mild climate; the average annual temperature is 66° F. Rain falls in abundance during the months from November to April; and during the dry months irrigation is resorted to for providing water to the fields of alfalfa and grain.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

alfalfa noun US /ˌælˈfælfə/

important European leguminous forage plant with trifoliate leaves and blue-violet flowers grown widely as a pasture and hay crop

From this reading “On account of its high elevation, which is approximately eight thousand five hundred feet above sea-level, the region enjoys a mild climate; the average annual temperature is 66° F. Rain falls in abundance during the months from November to April; and during the dry months irrigation is resorted to for providing water to the fields of alfalfa and grain.”

approximately adverb US /əˈprɑːksəmətli/

(of quantities) imprecise but fairly close to correct

From this reading “On account of its high elevation, which is approximately eight thousand five hundred feet above sea-level, the region enjoys a mild climate; the average annual temperature is 66° F. Rain falls in abundance during the months from November to April; and during the dry months irrigation is resorted to for providing water to the fields of alfalfa and grain.”

Bolivia noun US /bəˈlɪviə/

a landlocked republic in central South America; Simon Bolivar founded Bolivia in 1825 after winning independence from Spain

From this reading “CROSSING THE BOLIVIAN HIGHLANDS FROM COCHABAMBA TO THE CHAPARÉ Cochabamba is one of the more important cities of Bolivia.”

bolivian noun US /boʊˈlɪviən/

a native or inhabitant of Bolivia

From this reading “CROSSING THE BOLIVIAN HIGHLANDS FROM COCHABAMBA TO THE CHAPARÉ Cochabamba is one of the more important cities of Bolivia.”

enjoys verb US /ˌenˈdʒɔɪz/

third-person singular of “enjoy” — derive or receive pleasure from; get enjoyment from; take pleasure in

From this reading “On account of its high elevation, which is approximately eight thousand five hundred feet above sea-level, the region enjoys a mild climate; the average annual temperature is 66° F. Rain falls in abundance during the months from November to April; and during the dry months irrigation is resorted to for providing water to the fields of alfalfa and grain.”

highlands noun US /ˈhaɪləndz/

a mountainous region of northern Scotland famous for its rugged beauty; known for the style of dress (the kilt and tartan) and the clan system (now in disuse)

From this reading “CROSSING THE BOLIVIAN HIGHLANDS FROM COCHABAMBA TO THE CHAPARÉ Cochabamba is one of the more important cities of Bolivia.”

irrigation noun US /ˌɪrəˈɡeɪʃən/

supplying dry land with water by means of ditches etc

From this reading “On account of its high elevation, which is approximately eight thousand five hundred feet above sea-level, the region enjoys a mild climate; the average annual temperature is 66° F. Rain falls in abundance during the months from November to April; and during the dry months irrigation is resorted to for providing water to the fields of alfalfa and grain.”

Sucre noun US /ˈsuːkər/

the basic unit of money in Ecuador; equal to 100 centavos

From this reading “In size it ranks next to La Paz, although it is not nearly so modern, and in point of activity it is far in advance of Sucre.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

mild climate adjective + noun

In this reading “On account of its high elevation, which is approximately eight thousand five hundred feet above sea-level, the region enjoys a mild climate; the average annual temperature is 66° F. Rain falls in abundance during the months from November to April; and during the dry months irrigation is resorted to for providing water to the fields of alfalfa and grain.”

five hundred noun + noun

the cardinal number that is the product of one hundred and five

In this reading “On account of its high elevation, which is approximately eight thousand five hundred feet above sea-level, the region enjoys a mild climate; the average annual temperature is 66° F. Rain falls in abundance during the months from November to April; and during the dry months irrigation is resorted to for providing water to the fields of alfalfa and grain.”

thirty-five thousand adjective + noun

In this reading “The population is about thirty-five thousand.”

eight thousand adjective + noun

In this reading “On account of its high elevation, which is approximately eight thousand five hundred feet above sea-level, the region enjoys a mild climate; the average annual temperature is 66° F. Rain falls in abundance during the months from November to April; and during the dry months irrigation is resorted to for providing water to the fields of alfalfa and grain.”

Rain falls noun + noun

In this reading “On account of its high elevation, which is approximately eight thousand five hundred feet above sea-level, the region enjoys a mild climate; the average annual temperature is 66° F. Rain falls in abundance during the months from November to April; and during the dry months irrigation is resorted to for providing water to the fields of alfalfa and grain.”

hundred feet noun + noun counted as “hundred foot”

In this reading “On account of its high elevation, which is approximately eight thousand five hundred feet above sea-level, the region enjoys a mild climate; the average annual temperature is 66° F. Rain falls in abundance during the months from November to April; and during the dry months irrigation is resorted to for providing water to the fields of alfalfa and grain.”

On account preposition + noun

In this reading “On account of its high elevation, which is approximately eight thousand five hundred feet above sea-level, the region enjoys a mild climate; the average annual temperature is 66° F. Rain falls in abundance during the months from November to April; and during the dry months irrigation is resorted to for providing water to the fields of alfalfa and grain.”

thousand five noun + noun

In this reading “On account of its high elevation, which is approximately eight thousand five hundred feet above sea-level, the region enjoys a mild climate; the average annual temperature is 66° F. Rain falls in abundance during the months from November to April; and during the dry months irrigation is resorted to for providing water to the fields of alfalfa and grain.”

All words in this reading · 94

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

66

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading On account of its high elevation, which is approximately eight thousand five hundred feet above sea-level, the region enjoys a mild climate; the average annual temperature is 66° F. Rain falls in abundance during the months from November to April; and during the dry months irrigation is resorted to for providing water to the fields of alfalfa and grain.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading The plain upon which the city is built was at one time the bottom of a lake, which fact is indicated by its ancient name of Oropeza, a Quechua word meaning “plain of the lake.”

aboutprepositionUS /əˈbaʊt/

on the subject of; concerning

From this reading The population is about thirty-five thousand.

aboveprepositionUS /əˈbʌv/

higher than, or over, something

From this reading On account of its high elevation, which is approximately eight thousand five hundred feet above sea-level, the region enjoys a mild climate; the average annual temperature is 66° F. Rain falls in abundance during the months from November to April; and during the dry months irrigation is resorted to for providing water to the fields of alfalfa and grain.

abundancenounUS /əˈbʌndəns/

the property of a more than adequate quantity or supply

From this reading On account of its high elevation, which is approximately eight thousand five hundred feet above sea-level, the region enjoys a mild climate; the average annual temperature is 66° F. Rain falls in abundance during the months from November to April; and during the dry months irrigation is resorted to for providing water to the fields of alfalfa and grain.

accountnounUS /əˈkaʊnt/

a record or narrative description of past events

From this reading On account of its high elevation, which is approximately eight thousand five hundred feet above sea-level, the region enjoys a mild climate; the average annual temperature is 66° F. Rain falls in abundance during the months from November to April; and during the dry months irrigation is resorted to for providing water to the fields of alfalfa and grain.

activitynounUS /ækˈtɪvəti/

any specific behavior

From this reading In size it ranks next to La Paz, although it is not nearly so modern, and in point of activity it is far in advance of Sucre.

advanceverbUS /ədˈvæns/

move forward, also in the metaphorical sense

From this reading In size it ranks next to La Paz, although it is not nearly so modern, and in point of activity it is far in advance of Sucre.

alfalfanounUS /ˌælˈfælfə/

important European leguminous forage plant with trifoliate leaves and blue-violet flowers grown widely as a pasture and hay crop

From this reading On account of its high elevation, which is approximately eight thousand five hundred feet above sea-level, the region enjoys a mild climate; the average annual temperature is 66° F. Rain falls in abundance during the months from November to April; and during the dry months irrigation is resorted to for providing water to the fields of alfalfa and grain.

althoughconjunctionUS /ˌɔːlˈðoʊ/

in spite of the fact that

From this reading In size it ranks next to La Paz, although it is not nearly so modern, and in point of activity it is far in advance of Sucre.

ancientadjectiveUS /ˈeɪn.ʃənt/

Belonging to the very distant past and no longer in existence or deeply revered.

From this reading The plain upon which the city is built was at one time the bottom of a lake, which fact is indicated by its ancient name of Oropeza, a Quechua word meaning “plain of the lake.”

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading In size it ranks next to La Paz, although it is not nearly so modern, and in point of activity it is far in advance of Sucre.

annualadjectiveUS /ˈænjuːəl/

completing its life cycle within a year

From this reading On account of its high elevation, which is approximately eight thousand five hundred feet above sea-level, the region enjoys a mild climate; the average annual temperature is 66° F. Rain falls in abundance during the months from November to April; and during the dry months irrigation is resorted to for providing water to the fields of alfalfa and grain.

approximatelyadverbUS /əˈprɑːksəmətli/

(of quantities) imprecise but fairly close to correct

From this reading On account of its high elevation, which is approximately eight thousand five hundred feet above sea-level, the region enjoys a mild climate; the average annual temperature is 66° F. Rain falls in abundance during the months from November to April; and during the dry months irrigation is resorted to for providing water to the fields of alfalfa and grain.

AprilnounUS /ˈeɪprəl/

the month following March and preceding May

From this reading On account of its high elevation, which is approximately eight thousand five hundred feet above sea-level, the region enjoys a mild climate; the average annual temperature is 66° F. Rain falls in abundance during the months from November to April; and during the dry months irrigation is resorted to for providing water to the fields of alfalfa and grain.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading The plain upon which the city is built was at one time the bottom of a lake, which fact is indicated by its ancient name of Oropeza, a Quechua word meaning “plain of the lake.”

averageadjectiveUS /ˈævərɪdʒ/

approximating the statistical norm or average or expected value

From this reading On account of its high elevation, which is approximately eight thousand five hundred feet above sea-level, the region enjoys a mild climate; the average annual temperature is 66° F. Rain falls in abundance during the months from November to April; and during the dry months irrigation is resorted to for providing water to the fields of alfalfa and grain.

BolivianounUS /bəˈlɪviə/

a landlocked republic in central South America; Simon Bolivar founded Bolivia in 1825 after winning independence from Spain

From this reading CROSSING THE BOLIVIAN HIGHLANDS FROM COCHABAMBA TO THE CHAPARÉ Cochabamba is one of the more important cities of Bolivia.

BOLIVIANnounUS /boʊˈlɪviən/

a native or inhabitant of Bolivia

From this reading CROSSING THE BOLIVIAN HIGHLANDS FROM COCHABAMBA TO THE CHAPARÉ Cochabamba is one of the more important cities of Bolivia.

bottomnounUS /ˈbɑːtəm/

the lower side of anything

From this reading The plain upon which the city is built was at one time the bottom of a lake, which fact is indicated by its ancient name of Oropeza, a Quechua word meaning “plain of the lake.”

builtadjectiveUS /bɪlt/

(used of soaps or cleaning agents) having a substance (an abrasive or filler) added to increase effectiveness

From this reading The plain upon which the city is built was at one time the bottom of a lake, which fact is indicated by its ancient name of Oropeza, a Quechua word meaning “plain of the lake.”

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading The plain upon which the city is built was at one time the bottom of a lake, which fact is indicated by its ancient name of Oropeza, a Quechua word meaning “plain of the lake.”

CHAPARÉ

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading CROSSING THE BOLIVIAN HIGHLANDS FROM COCHABAMBA TO THE CHAPARÉ Cochabamba is one of the more important cities of Bolivia.

citiesnounUS /ˈsɪtiz/

plural of “city” — a large and densely populated urban area; may include several independent administrative districts

From this reading CROSSING THE BOLIVIAN HIGHLANDS FROM COCHABAMBA TO THE CHAPARÉ Cochabamba is one of the more important cities of Bolivia.

citynounUS /ˈsɪti/

a large and densely populated urban area; may include several independent administrative districts

From this reading The plain upon which the city is built was at one time the bottom of a lake, which fact is indicated by its ancient name of Oropeza, a Quechua word meaning “plain of the lake.”

climatenounUS /ˈklaɪmət/

the weather in some location averaged over some long period of time

From this reading On account of its high elevation, which is approximately eight thousand five hundred feet above sea-level, the region enjoys a mild climate; the average annual temperature is 66° F. Rain falls in abundance during the months from November to April; and during the dry months irrigation is resorted to for providing water to the fields of alfalfa and grain.

COCHABAMBA

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading CROSSING THE BOLIVIAN HIGHLANDS FROM COCHABAMBA TO THE CHAPARÉ Cochabamba is one of the more important cities of Bolivia.

CROSSINGnounUS /ˈkrɔːsɪŋ/

traveling across

From this reading CROSSING THE BOLIVIAN HIGHLANDS FROM COCHABAMBA TO THE CHAPARÉ Cochabamba is one of the more important cities of Bolivia.

dryadjectiveUS /draɪ/

free from liquid or moisture; lacking natural or normal moisture or depleted of water; or no longer wet

From this reading On account of its high elevation, which is approximately eight thousand five hundred feet above sea-level, the region enjoys a mild climate; the average annual temperature is 66° F. Rain falls in abundance during the months from November to April; and during the dry months irrigation is resorted to for providing water to the fields of alfalfa and grain.

duringprepositionUS /ˈdʊrɪŋ/

all through a period, or at some point within it

From this reading On account of its high elevation, which is approximately eight thousand five hundred feet above sea-level, the region enjoys a mild climate; the average annual temperature is 66° F. Rain falls in abundance during the months from November to April; and during the dry months irrigation is resorted to for providing water to the fields of alfalfa and grain.

eightadjectiveUS /eɪt/

being one more than seven

From this reading On account of its high elevation, which is approximately eight thousand five hundred feet above sea-level, the region enjoys a mild climate; the average annual temperature is 66° F. Rain falls in abundance during the months from November to April; and during the dry months irrigation is resorted to for providing water to the fields of alfalfa and grain.

elevationnounUS /ˌeləˈveɪʃən/

the event of something being raised upward

From this reading On account of its high elevation, which is approximately eight thousand five hundred feet above sea-level, the region enjoys a mild climate; the average annual temperature is 66° F. Rain falls in abundance during the months from November to April; and during the dry months irrigation is resorted to for providing water to the fields of alfalfa and grain.

enjoysverbUS /ˌenˈdʒɔɪz/

third-person singular of “enjoy” — derive or receive pleasure from; get enjoyment from; take pleasure in

From this reading On account of its high elevation, which is approximately eight thousand five hundred feet above sea-level, the region enjoys a mild climate; the average annual temperature is 66° F. Rain falls in abundance during the months from November to April; and during the dry months irrigation is resorted to for providing water to the fields of alfalfa and grain.

FnounUS /ef/

a degree on the Fahrenheit scale of temperature

From this reading On account of its high elevation, which is approximately eight thousand five hundred feet above sea-level, the region enjoys a mild climate; the average annual temperature is 66° F. Rain falls in abundance during the months from November to April; and during the dry months irrigation is resorted to for providing water to the fields of alfalfa and grain.

factnounUS /fækt/

a piece of information about circumstances that exist or events that have occurred

From this reading The plain upon which the city is built was at one time the bottom of a lake, which fact is indicated by its ancient name of Oropeza, a Quechua word meaning “plain of the lake.”

fallsnounUS /fɔːlz/

the petals or sepals of a flower that bend downward (especially the outer perianth of an iris)

From this reading On account of its high elevation, which is approximately eight thousand five hundred feet above sea-level, the region enjoys a mild climate; the average annual temperature is 66° F. Rain falls in abundance during the months from November to April; and during the dry months irrigation is resorted to for providing water to the fields of alfalfa and grain.

faradverbUS /fɑːr/

to a considerable degree; very much

From this reading In size it ranks next to La Paz, although it is not nearly so modern, and in point of activity it is far in advance of Sucre.

feetnounUS /fiːt/

plural of “foot” — the part of the leg of a human being below the ankle joint

From this reading On account of its high elevation, which is approximately eight thousand five hundred feet above sea-level, the region enjoys a mild climate; the average annual temperature is 66° F. Rain falls in abundance during the months from November to April; and during the dry months irrigation is resorted to for providing water to the fields of alfalfa and grain.

fieldsnounUS /fiːldz/

United States comedian and film actor (1880-1946)

From this reading On account of its high elevation, which is approximately eight thousand five hundred feet above sea-level, the region enjoys a mild climate; the average annual temperature is 66° F. Rain falls in abundance during the months from November to April; and during the dry months irrigation is resorted to for providing water to the fields of alfalfa and grain.

fivenounUS /faɪv/

the cardinal number that is the sum of four and one

From this reading On account of its high elevation, which is approximately eight thousand five hundred feet above sea-level, the region enjoys a mild climate; the average annual temperature is 66° F. Rain falls in abundance during the months from November to April; and during the dry months irrigation is resorted to for providing water to the fields of alfalfa and grain.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading On account of its high elevation, which is approximately eight thousand five hundred feet above sea-level, the region enjoys a mild climate; the average annual temperature is 66° F. Rain falls in abundance during the months from November to April; and during the dry months irrigation is resorted to for providing water to the fields of alfalfa and grain.

FROMprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading CROSSING THE BOLIVIAN HIGHLANDS FROM COCHABAMBA TO THE CHAPARÉ Cochabamba is one of the more important cities of Bolivia.

grainnounUS /ɡreɪn/

a relatively small granular particle of a substance

From this reading On account of its high elevation, which is approximately eight thousand five hundred feet above sea-level, the region enjoys a mild climate; the average annual temperature is 66° F. Rain falls in abundance during the months from November to April; and during the dry months irrigation is resorted to for providing water to the fields of alfalfa and grain.

highadjectiveUS /haɪ/

greater than normal in degree or intensity or amount

From this reading On account of its high elevation, which is approximately eight thousand five hundred feet above sea-level, the region enjoys a mild climate; the average annual temperature is 66° F. Rain falls in abundance during the months from November to April; and during the dry months irrigation is resorted to for providing water to the fields of alfalfa and grain.

HIGHLANDSnounUS /ˈhaɪləndz/

a mountainous region of northern Scotland famous for its rugged beauty; known for the style of dress (the kilt and tartan) and the clan system (now in disuse)

From this reading CROSSING THE BOLIVIAN HIGHLANDS FROM COCHABAMBA TO THE CHAPARÉ Cochabamba is one of the more important cities of Bolivia.

hundrednounUS /ˈhʌndrəd/

ten 10s

From this reading On account of its high elevation, which is approximately eight thousand five hundred feet above sea-level, the region enjoys a mild climate; the average annual temperature is 66° F. Rain falls in abundance during the months from November to April; and during the dry months irrigation is resorted to for providing water to the fields of alfalfa and grain.

importantadjectiveUS /ˌɪmˈpɔːrtənt/

of great significance or value

From this reading CROSSING THE BOLIVIAN HIGHLANDS FROM COCHABAMBA TO THE CHAPARÉ Cochabamba is one of the more important cities of Bolivia.

InprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading In size it ranks next to La Paz, although it is not nearly so modern, and in point of activity it is far in advance of Sucre.

indicatedverbUS /ˈɪndəkeɪtəd/

past form of “indicate” — be a signal for or a symptom of

From this reading The plain upon which the city is built was at one time the bottom of a lake, which fact is indicated by its ancient name of Oropeza, a Quechua word meaning “plain of the lake.”

irrigationnounUS /ˌɪrəˈɡeɪʃən/

supplying dry land with water by means of ditches etc

From this reading On account of its high elevation, which is approximately eight thousand five hundred feet above sea-level, the region enjoys a mild climate; the average annual temperature is 66° F. Rain falls in abundance during the months from November to April; and during the dry months irrigation is resorted to for providing water to the fields of alfalfa and grain.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading CROSSING THE BOLIVIAN HIGHLANDS FROM COCHABAMBA TO THE CHAPARÉ Cochabamba is one of the more important cities of Bolivia.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading In size it ranks next to La Paz, although it is not nearly so modern, and in point of activity it is far in advance of Sucre.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading The plain upon which the city is built was at one time the bottom of a lake, which fact is indicated by its ancient name of Oropeza, a Quechua word meaning “plain of the lake.”

LanounUS /lɑː/

a white soft metallic element that tarnishes readily; occurs in rare earth minerals and is usually classified as a rare earth

From this reading In size it ranks next to La Paz, although it is not nearly so modern, and in point of activity it is far in advance of Sucre.

lakenounUS /leɪk/

a body of (usually fresh) water surrounded by land

From this reading The plain upon which the city is built was at one time the bottom of a lake, which fact is indicated by its ancient name of Oropeza, a Quechua word meaning “plain of the lake.”

meaningnounUS /ˈmiːnɪŋ/

the message that is intended or expressed or signified

From this reading The plain upon which the city is built was at one time the bottom of a lake, which fact is indicated by its ancient name of Oropeza, a Quechua word meaning “plain of the lake.”

mildadjectiveUS /maɪld/

moderate in type or degree or effect or force; far from extreme

From this reading On account of its high elevation, which is approximately eight thousand five hundred feet above sea-level, the region enjoys a mild climate; the average annual temperature is 66° F. Rain falls in abundance during the months from November to April; and during the dry months irrigation is resorted to for providing water to the fields of alfalfa and grain.

modernadjectiveUS /ˈmɑːdərn/

belonging to the modern era; since the Middle Ages

From this reading In size it ranks next to La Paz, although it is not nearly so modern, and in point of activity it is far in advance of Sucre.

monthsnounUS /mʌnθs/

plural of “month” — one of the twelve divisions of the calendar year

From this reading On account of its high elevation, which is approximately eight thousand five hundred feet above sea-level, the region enjoys a mild climate; the average annual temperature is 66° F. Rain falls in abundance during the months from November to April; and during the dry months irrigation is resorted to for providing water to the fields of alfalfa and grain.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading CROSSING THE BOLIVIAN HIGHLANDS FROM COCHABAMBA TO THE CHAPARÉ Cochabamba is one of the more important cities of Bolivia.

nameverbUS /neɪm/

assign a specified (usually proper) proper name to

From this reading The plain upon which the city is built was at one time the bottom of a lake, which fact is indicated by its ancient name of Oropeza, a Quechua word meaning “plain of the lake.”

nearlyadverbUS /ˈnɪrli/

(of actions or states) slightly short of or not quite accomplished; all but

From this reading In size it ranks next to La Paz, although it is not nearly so modern, and in point of activity it is far in advance of Sucre.

nextadjectiveUS /nekst/

immediately following in time or order

From this reading In size it ranks next to La Paz, although it is not nearly so modern, and in point of activity it is far in advance of Sucre.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading In size it ranks next to La Paz, although it is not nearly so modern, and in point of activity it is far in advance of Sucre.

NovembernounUS /noʊˈvembər/

the month following October and preceding December

From this reading On account of its high elevation, which is approximately eight thousand five hundred feet above sea-level, the region enjoys a mild climate; the average annual temperature is 66° F. Rain falls in abundance during the months from November to April; and during the dry months irrigation is resorted to for providing water to the fields of alfalfa and grain.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading CROSSING THE BOLIVIAN HIGHLANDS FROM COCHABAMBA TO THE CHAPARÉ Cochabamba is one of the more important cities of Bolivia.

OnprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading On account of its high elevation, which is approximately eight thousand five hundred feet above sea-level, the region enjoys a mild climate; the average annual temperature is 66° F. Rain falls in abundance during the months from November to April; and during the dry months irrigation is resorted to for providing water to the fields of alfalfa and grain.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading CROSSING THE BOLIVIAN HIGHLANDS FROM COCHABAMBA TO THE CHAPARÉ Cochabamba is one of the more important cities of Bolivia.

Oropeza

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The plain upon which the city is built was at one time the bottom of a lake, which fact is indicated by its ancient name of Oropeza, a Quechua word meaning “plain of the lake.”

Paz

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In size it ranks next to La Paz, although it is not nearly so modern, and in point of activity it is far in advance of Sucre.

plainadjectiveUS /pleɪn/

clearly revealed to the mind or the senses or judgment

From this reading The plain upon which the city is built was at one time the bottom of a lake, which fact is indicated by its ancient name of Oropeza, a Quechua word meaning “plain of the lake.”

pointnounUS /pɔɪnt/

a geometric element that has position but no extension

From this reading In size it ranks next to La Paz, although it is not nearly so modern, and in point of activity it is far in advance of Sucre.

populationnounUS /ˌpɑːpjəˈleɪʃən/

the people who inhabit a territory or state

From this reading The population is about thirty-five thousand.

providingverbUS /prəˈvaɪdɪŋ/

-ing form of “provide” — give something useful or necessary to

From this reading On account of its high elevation, which is approximately eight thousand five hundred feet above sea-level, the region enjoys a mild climate; the average annual temperature is 66° F. Rain falls in abundance during the months from November to April; and during the dry months irrigation is resorted to for providing water to the fields of alfalfa and grain.

Quechuanoun

a member of a South American Indian people in Peru who were formerly the ruling class of the Inca empire

From this reading The plain upon which the city is built was at one time the bottom of a lake, which fact is indicated by its ancient name of Oropeza, a Quechua word meaning “plain of the lake.”

RainnounUS /reɪn/

water falling in drops from vapor condensed in the atmosphere

From this reading On account of its high elevation, which is approximately eight thousand five hundred feet above sea-level, the region enjoys a mild climate; the average annual temperature is 66° F. Rain falls in abundance during the months from November to April; and during the dry months irrigation is resorted to for providing water to the fields of alfalfa and grain.

ranksnounUS /ræŋks/

plural of “rank” — a row or line of people (especially soldiers or police) standing abreast of one another

From this reading In size it ranks next to La Paz, although it is not nearly so modern, and in point of activity it is far in advance of Sucre.

regionnounUS /ˈriːdʒən/

the extended spatial location of something

From this reading On account of its high elevation, which is approximately eight thousand five hundred feet above sea-level, the region enjoys a mild climate; the average annual temperature is 66° F. Rain falls in abundance during the months from November to April; and during the dry months irrigation is resorted to for providing water to the fields of alfalfa and grain.

resortedverbUS /rɪˈzɔːrtɪd/

past form of “resort” — have recourse to

From this reading On account of its high elevation, which is approximately eight thousand five hundred feet above sea-level, the region enjoys a mild climate; the average annual temperature is 66° F. Rain falls in abundance during the months from November to April; and during the dry months irrigation is resorted to for providing water to the fields of alfalfa and grain.

sea-leveladjective

lying below the normal level

From this reading On account of its high elevation, which is approximately eight thousand five hundred feet above sea-level, the region enjoys a mild climate; the average annual temperature is 66° F. Rain falls in abundance during the months from November to April; and during the dry months irrigation is resorted to for providing water to the fields of alfalfa and grain.

sizenounUS /saɪz/

the physical magnitude of something (how big it is)

From this reading In size it ranks next to La Paz, although it is not nearly so modern, and in point of activity it is far in advance of Sucre.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading In size it ranks next to La Paz, although it is not nearly so modern, and in point of activity it is far in advance of Sucre.

SucrenounUS /ˈsuːkər/

the basic unit of money in Ecuador; equal to 100 centavos

From this reading In size it ranks next to La Paz, although it is not nearly so modern, and in point of activity it is far in advance of Sucre.

temperaturenounUS /ˈtemprətʃər/

the degree of hotness or coldness of a body or environment (corresponding to its molecular activity)

From this reading On account of its high elevation, which is approximately eight thousand five hundred feet above sea-level, the region enjoys a mild climate; the average annual temperature is 66° F. Rain falls in abundance during the months from November to April; and during the dry months irrigation is resorted to for providing water to the fields of alfalfa and grain.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading CROSSING THE BOLIVIAN HIGHLANDS FROM COCHABAMBA TO THE CHAPARÉ Cochabamba is one of the more important cities of Bolivia.

thirty-fiveadjectiveUS /ˈθɜːrdifaɪv/

being five more than thirty

From this reading The population is about thirty-five thousand.

thousandnounUS /ˈθaʊzənd/

the cardinal number that is the product of 10 and 100

From this reading The population is about thirty-five thousand.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading The plain upon which the city is built was at one time the bottom of a lake, which fact is indicated by its ancient name of Oropeza, a Quechua word meaning “plain of the lake.”

TOparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading CROSSING THE BOLIVIAN HIGHLANDS FROM COCHABAMBA TO THE CHAPARÉ Cochabamba is one of the more important cities of Bolivia.

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading The plain upon which the city is built was at one time the bottom of a lake, which fact is indicated by its ancient name of Oropeza, a Quechua word meaning “plain of the lake.”

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The plain upon which the city is built was at one time the bottom of a lake, which fact is indicated by its ancient name of Oropeza, a Quechua word meaning “plain of the lake.”

waternounUS /ˈwɔːtər/

binary compound that occurs at room temperature as a clear colorless odorless tasteless liquid; freezes into ice below 0 degrees centigrade and boils above 100 degrees centigrade; widely used as a solvent

From this reading On account of its high elevation, which is approximately eight thousand five hundred feet above sea-level, the region enjoys a mild climate; the average annual temperature is 66° F. Rain falls in abundance during the months from November to April; and during the dry months irrigation is resorted to for providing water to the fields of alfalfa and grain.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading The plain upon which the city is built was at one time the bottom of a lake, which fact is indicated by its ancient name of Oropeza, a Quechua word meaning “plain of the lake.”

wordnounUS /wɜːrd/

a unit of language that native speakers can identify

From this reading The plain upon which the city is built was at one time the bottom of a lake, which fact is indicated by its ancient name of Oropeza, a Quechua word meaning “plain of the lake.”

Chapter 19 of In the Wilds of South America by Leo E. (Leo Edward) Miller holds 264 sentences, grouped into 53 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 19 of In the Wilds of South America contain?

Chapter 19 holds 264 sentences of In the Wilds of South America, unabridged, divided into 53 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 19 of In the Wilds of South America by Leo E. (Leo Edward) Miller exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 264 sentences, grouped into 53 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 19 of In the Wilds of South America?

Work through the 53 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 53 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 19 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 19 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading In the Wilds of South America

Common questions about reading In the Wilds of South America by Leo E. (Leo Edward) Miller on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of In the Wilds of South America?

Yes. All 5458 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #59512 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of In the Wilds of South America is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #59512, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does In the Wilds of South America take to read?

About 454 minutes of reading across 1092 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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How to work through In the Wilds of South America section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

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Vocabulary met early in In the Wilds of South America

Words and structures a reader meets early in In the Wilds of South America, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Frequently
A word that appears in the opening chapter of In the Wilds of South America; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Wondered
A word that appears in the opening chapter of In the Wilds of South America; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Large
A word that appears in the opening chapter of In the Wilds of South America; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Number
A word that appears in the opening chapter of In the Wilds of South America; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.