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In Vain
In Vain

Chapter IV

Chapter 4 of In Vain is here in full — 198 sentences across 40 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for In Vain
Context Illustration Reading 1/39 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
A month passed.
The evening was fair, autumnal; the sun was quenching slowly on the towers of Kieff and on the distant grave-mounds of the steppe.
Its light was still visible on the roof above Yosef and Gustav.
Both were bent over their work and, sitting in silence, used the last rays of evening with eagerness.
Gustav had returned from the city not long before; he was suffering and pale, he panted more than usual.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

In Vain

Chapter IV

Chapter 4 of In Vain is here in full — 198 sentences across 40 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/39 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
A month passed.
/ə mʌnθ pæst/
Line 2
The evening was fair, autumnal; the sun was quenching slowly on the towers of Kieff and on the distant grave-mounds of the steppe.
Line 3
Its light was still visible on the roof above Yosef and Gustav.
Line 4
Both were bent over their work and, sitting in silence, used the last rays of evening with eagerness.
/boʊθ wɜːr bent ˈoʊvər ðer wɜːrk ənd ˈsɪtɪŋ ɪn ˈsaɪ.ləns juːzd ðə læst reɪz ʌv ˈiːvnɪŋ wɪð ˈiːɡərnəs/
Line 5
Gustav had returned from the city not long before; he was suffering and pale, he panted more than usual.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

autumnal adjective US /ɔːˈtʌmnəl/

of or characteristic of or occurring in autumn

From this reading “The evening was fair, autumnal; the sun was quenching slowly on the towers of Kieff and on the distant grave-mounds of the steppe.”

eagerness noun US /ˈiːɡərnəs/

a positive feeling of wanting to push ahead with something

From this reading “Both were bent over their work and, sitting in silence, used the last rays of evening with eagerness.”

panted verb US /ˈpæntɪd/

past form of “pant” — breathe noisily, as when one is exhausted

From this reading “Gustav had returned from the city not long before; he was suffering and pale, he panted more than usual.”

quenching noun US /ˈkwentʃɪŋ/

the act of extinguishing; causing to stop burning

From this reading “The evening was fair, autumnal; the sun was quenching slowly on the towers of Kieff and on the distant grave-mounds of the steppe.”

rays noun US /reɪz/

plural of “ray” — a column of light (as from a beacon)

From this reading “Both were bent over their work and, sitting in silence, used the last rays of evening with eagerness.”

steppe noun US /step/

extensive plain without trees (associated with eastern Russia and Siberia)

From this reading “The evening was fair, autumnal; the sun was quenching slowly on the towers of Kieff and on the distant grave-mounds of the steppe.”

towers noun US /ˈtaʊərz/

plural of “tower” — a structure taller than its diameter; can stand alone or be attached to a larger building

From this reading “The evening was fair, autumnal; the sun was quenching slowly on the towers of Kieff and on the distant grave-mounds of the steppe.”

visible adjective US /ˈvɪzəbəl/

capable of being seen; or open to easy view

From this reading “Its light was still visible on the roof above Yosef and Gustav.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

last rays adjective + noun counted as “last ray”

In this reading “Both were bent over their work and, sitting in silence, used the last rays of evening with eagerness.”

on the roof preposition + article + noun counted as “on … roof”

In this reading “Its light was still visible on the roof above Yosef and Gustav.”

with eagerness preposition + noun

In this reading “Both were bent over their work and, sitting in silence, used the last rays of evening with eagerness.”

in silence preposition + noun

In this reading “Both were bent over their work and, sitting in silence, used the last rays of evening with eagerness.”

returned from verb + particle counted as “return from”

In this reading “Gustav had returned from the city not long before; he was suffering and pale, he panted more than usual.”

from the city preposition + article + noun counted as “from … city”

In this reading “Gustav had returned from the city not long before; he was suffering and pale, he panted more than usual.”

All words in this reading · 55

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

AdeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading A month passed.

aboveprepositionUS /əˈbʌv/

higher than, or over, something

From this reading Its light was still visible on the roof above Yosef and Gustav.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading The evening was fair, autumnal; the sun was quenching slowly on the towers of Kieff and on the distant grave-mounds of the steppe.

autumnaladjectiveUS /ɔːˈtʌmnəl/

of or characteristic of or occurring in autumn

From this reading The evening was fair, autumnal; the sun was quenching slowly on the towers of Kieff and on the distant grave-mounds of the steppe.

beforeprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading Gustav had returned from the city not long before; he was suffering and pale, he panted more than usual.

bentnounUS /bent/

a relatively permanent inclination to react in a particular way

From this reading Both were bent over their work and, sitting in silence, used the last rays of evening with eagerness.

BothdeterminerUS /boʊθ/

the two together, not just one

From this reading Both were bent over their work and, sitting in silence, used the last rays of evening with eagerness.

citynounUS /ˈsɪti/

a large and densely populated urban area; may include several independent administrative districts

From this reading Gustav had returned from the city not long before; he was suffering and pale, he panted more than usual.

distantadjectiveUS /ˈdɪstənt/

separated in space or coming from or going to a distance

From this reading The evening was fair, autumnal; the sun was quenching slowly on the towers of Kieff and on the distant grave-mounds of the steppe.

eagernessnounUS /ˈiːɡərnəs/

a positive feeling of wanting to push ahead with something

From this reading Both were bent over their work and, sitting in silence, used the last rays of evening with eagerness.

eveningnounUS /ˈiːvnɪŋ/

the latter part of the day (the period of decreasing daylight from late afternoon until nightfall)

From this reading The evening was fair, autumnal; the sun was quenching slowly on the towers of Kieff and on the distant grave-mounds of the steppe.

fairadjectiveUS /fer/

free from favoritism or self-interest or bias or deception; conforming with established standards or rules

From this reading The evening was fair, autumnal; the sun was quenching slowly on the towers of Kieff and on the distant grave-mounds of the steppe.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading Gustav had returned from the city not long before; he was suffering and pale, he panted more than usual.

grave-mounds

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The evening was fair, autumnal; the sun was quenching slowly on the towers of Kieff and on the distant grave-mounds of the steppe.

Gustav

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Its light was still visible on the roof above Yosef and Gustav.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading Gustav had returned from the city not long before; he was suffering and pale, he panted more than usual.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Gustav had returned from the city not long before; he was suffering and pale, he panted more than usual.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Both were bent over their work and, sitting in silence, used the last rays of evening with eagerness.

ItsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading Its light was still visible on the roof above Yosef and Gustav.

Kieff

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The evening was fair, autumnal; the sun was quenching slowly on the towers of Kieff and on the distant grave-mounds of the steppe.

lastadjectiveUS /læst/

immediately past

From this reading Both were bent over their work and, sitting in silence, used the last rays of evening with eagerness.

lightadjectiveUS /laɪt/

of comparatively little physical weight or density

From this reading Its light was still visible on the roof above Yosef and Gustav.

longadjectiveUS /lɔːŋ/

primarily temporal sense; being or indicating a relatively great or greater than average duration or passage of time or a duration as specified

From this reading Gustav had returned from the city not long before; he was suffering and pale, he panted more than usual.

monthnounUS /mʌnθ/

one of the twelve divisions of the calendar year

From this reading A month passed.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading Gustav had returned from the city not long before; he was suffering and pale, he panted more than usual.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading Gustav had returned from the city not long before; he was suffering and pale, he panted more than usual.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading The evening was fair, autumnal; the sun was quenching slowly on the towers of Kieff and on the distant grave-mounds of the steppe.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading The evening was fair, autumnal; the sun was quenching slowly on the towers of Kieff and on the distant grave-mounds of the steppe.

overprepositionUS /ˈoʊvər/

above and across; more than

From this reading Both were bent over their work and, sitting in silence, used the last rays of evening with eagerness.

paleadjectiveUS /peɪl/

very light colored; highly diluted with white

From this reading Gustav had returned from the city not long before; he was suffering and pale, he panted more than usual.

pantedverbUS /ˈpæntɪd/

past form of “pant” — breathe noisily, as when one is exhausted

From this reading Gustav had returned from the city not long before; he was suffering and pale, he panted more than usual.

passedverbUS /pæst/

past form of “pass” — go across or through

From this reading A month passed.

quenchingnounUS /ˈkwentʃɪŋ/

the act of extinguishing; causing to stop burning

From this reading The evening was fair, autumnal; the sun was quenching slowly on the towers of Kieff and on the distant grave-mounds of the steppe.

raysnounUS /reɪz/

plural of “ray” — a column of light (as from a beacon)

From this reading Both were bent over their work and, sitting in silence, used the last rays of evening with eagerness.

returnedverbUS /rɪˈtɜːrnd/

past form of “return” — go or come back to place, condition, or activity where one has been before

From this reading Gustav had returned from the city not long before; he was suffering and pale, he panted more than usual.

roofnounUS /ruːf/

a protective covering that covers or forms the top of a building

From this reading Its light was still visible on the roof above Yosef and Gustav.

silencenounUS /ˈsaɪ.ləns/

Complete absence of sound; a state of quietness and stillness.

From this reading Both were bent over their work and, sitting in silence, used the last rays of evening with eagerness.

sittingnounUS /ˈsɪtɪŋ/

(photography) the act of assuming a certain position (as for a photograph or portrait)

From this reading Both were bent over their work and, sitting in silence, used the last rays of evening with eagerness.

slowlyadverbUS /ˈsloʊli/

without speed (“slow” is sometimes used informally for “slowly”)

From this reading The evening was fair, autumnal; the sun was quenching slowly on the towers of Kieff and on the distant grave-mounds of the steppe.

steppenounUS /step/

extensive plain without trees (associated with eastern Russia and Siberia)

From this reading The evening was fair, autumnal; the sun was quenching slowly on the towers of Kieff and on the distant grave-mounds of the steppe.

stilladjectiveUS /stɪl/

not in physical motion

From this reading Its light was still visible on the roof above Yosef and Gustav.

sufferingnounUS /ˈsʌfərɪŋ/

a state of acute pain

From this reading Gustav had returned from the city not long before; he was suffering and pale, he panted more than usual.

sunnounUS /sʌn/

the star that is the source of light and heat for the planets in the solar system

From this reading The evening was fair, autumnal; the sun was quenching slowly on the towers of Kieff and on the distant grave-mounds of the steppe.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading Gustav had returned from the city not long before; he was suffering and pale, he panted more than usual.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading The evening was fair, autumnal; the sun was quenching slowly on the towers of Kieff and on the distant grave-mounds of the steppe.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading Both were bent over their work and, sitting in silence, used the last rays of evening with eagerness.

towersnounUS /ˈtaʊərz/

plural of “tower” — a structure taller than its diameter; can stand alone or be attached to a larger building

From this reading The evening was fair, autumnal; the sun was quenching slowly on the towers of Kieff and on the distant grave-mounds of the steppe.

usedadjectiveUS /juːzd/

employed in accomplishing something

From this reading Both were bent over their work and, sitting in silence, used the last rays of evening with eagerness.

usualadjectiveUS /ˈjuːʒəwəl/

occurring or encountered or experienced or observed frequently or in accordance with regular practice or procedure

From this reading Gustav had returned from the city not long before; he was suffering and pale, he panted more than usual.

visibleadjectiveUS /ˈvɪzəbəl/

capable of being seen; or open to easy view

From this reading Its light was still visible on the roof above Yosef and Gustav.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The evening was fair, autumnal; the sun was quenching slowly on the towers of Kieff and on the distant grave-mounds of the steppe.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Both were bent over their work and, sitting in silence, used the last rays of evening with eagerness.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Both were bent over their work and, sitting in silence, used the last rays of evening with eagerness.

workverbUS /wɜːrk/

exert oneself by doing mental or physical work for a purpose or out of necessity

From this reading Both were bent over their work and, sitting in silence, used the last rays of evening with eagerness.

Yosef

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Its light was still visible on the roof above Yosef and Gustav.

Chapter 4 of In Vain by Henryk Sienkiewicz holds 198 sentences, grouped into 40 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 4 of In Vain contain?

Chapter 4 holds 198 sentences of In Vain, unabridged, divided into 40 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 4 of In Vain by Henryk Sienkiewicz exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 198 sentences, grouped into 40 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 4 of In Vain?

Work through the 40 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 40 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 4 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 4 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading In Vain

Common questions about reading In Vain by Henryk Sienkiewicz on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of In Vain?

Yes. All 3217 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #46454 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of In Vain is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #46454, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does In Vain take to read?

About 268 minutes of reading across 644 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read In Vain section by section

How to work through In Vain section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 23 chapters of In Vain to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in In Vain

Words and structures a reader meets early in In Vain, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Surrounded
A word that appears in the opening chapter of In Vain; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Italic
A word that appears in the opening chapter of In Vain; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Original
A word that appears in the opening chapter of In Vain; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Different
A word that appears in the opening chapter of In Vain; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.