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In Vain
In Vain

Chapter VII

Chapter 7 of In Vain is here in full — 157 sentences across 32 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

By Henryk Sienkiewicz • Curated US English Learning Edition
Cover illustration for In Vain
Context Illustration Reading 1/31 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
Meanwhile Augustinovich went to live permanently with Yosef.
How different was his former from his present life!
Formerly he had had no warm corner, now Yosef gave him a warm corner; he had had no bed, Yosef bought him a bed; he had had no blanket, Yosef bought him a blanket; he had had no clothes, Yosef got clothes for him; he had been without food, Yosef divided his own dinner with him.
He found himself in conditions entirely different.
Warmed, nourished, in a decent overcoat, combed, washed, shaved, he became a different man altogether.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

In Vain

Chapter VII

Chapter 7 of In Vain is here in full — 157 sentences across 32 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/31 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Meanwhile Augustinovich went to live permanently with Yosef.
Line 2
How different was his former from his present life!
Line 3
Formerly he had had no warm corner, now Yosef gave him a warm corner; he had had no bed, Yosef bought him a bed; he had had no blanket, Yosef bought him a blanket; he had had no clothes, Yosef got clothes for him; he had been without food, Yosef divided his own dinner with him.
Line 4
He found himself in conditions entirely different.
/hiː faʊnd hɪmˈself ɪn kənˈdɪʃənz ɪnˈtaɪərli ˈdɪfərənt/
Line 5
Warmed, nourished, in a decent overcoat, combed, washed, shaved, he became a different man altogether.
/wɔːrmd ˈnɜːrɪʃt ɪn ə ˈdiːsənt ˈoʊvərkoʊt koʊmd wɑːʃt ʃeɪvd hiː bɪˈkeɪm ə ˈdɪfərənt mæn ˌɔːltəˈɡeðər/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

blanket noun US /ˈblæŋkət/

bedding that keeps a person warm in bed

From this reading “Formerly he had had no warm corner, now Yosef gave him a warm corner; he had had no bed, Yosef bought him a bed; he had had no blanket, Yosef bought him a blanket; he had had no clothes, Yosef got clothes for him; he had been without food, Yosef divided his own dinner with him.”

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
combed adjective US /koʊmd/

(of hair) made tidy with a comb

From this reading “Warmed, nourished, in a decent overcoat, combed, washed, shaved, he became a different man altogether.”

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
Formerly adverb US /ˈfɔːrmərli/

at a previous time

From this reading “Formerly he had had no warm corner, now Yosef gave him a warm corner; he had had no bed, Yosef bought him a bed; he had had no blanket, Yosef bought him a blanket; he had had no clothes, Yosef got clothes for him; he had been without food, Yosef divided his own dinner with him.”

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
nourished adjective US /ˈnɜːrɪʃt/

being provided with adequate nourishment

From this reading “Warmed, nourished, in a decent overcoat, combed, washed, shaved, he became a different man altogether.”

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
overcoat noun US /ˈoʊvərkoʊt/

a heavy coat worn over clothes in winter

From this reading “Warmed, nourished, in a decent overcoat, combed, washed, shaved, he became a different man altogether.”

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
permanently adverb US /ˈpɜːrmənəntli/

for a long time without essential change

From this reading “Meanwhile Augustinovich went to live permanently with Yosef.”

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
shaved adjective US /ʃeɪvd/

having the beard or hair cut off close to the skin

From this reading “Warmed, nourished, in a decent overcoat, combed, washed, shaved, he became a different man altogether.”

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
Warmed adjective US /wɔːrmd/

having been warmed up

From this reading “Warmed, nourished, in a decent overcoat, combed, washed, shaved, he became a different man altogether.”

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

entirely different adverb + adjective

In this reading “He found himself in conditions entirely different.”

2,324 times in 426,211 chapters
without food preposition + noun

In this reading “Formerly he had had no warm corner, now Yosef gave him a warm corner; he had had no bed, Yosef bought him a bed; he had had no blanket, Yosef bought him a blanket; he had had no clothes, Yosef got clothes for him; he had been without food, Yosef divided his own dinner with him.”

1,713 times in 426,211 chapters
warm corner adjective + noun

In this reading “Formerly he had had no warm corner, now Yosef gave him a warm corner; he had had no bed, Yosef bought him a bed; he had had no blanket, Yosef bought him a blanket; he had had no clothes, Yosef got clothes for him; he had been without food, Yosef divided his own dinner with him.”

280 times in 426,211 chapters

All words in this reading · 53

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Formerly he had had no warm corner, now Yosef gave him a warm corner; he had had no bed, Yosef bought him a bed; he had had no blanket, Yosef bought him a blanket; he had had no clothes, Yosef got clothes for him; he had been without food, Yosef divided his own dinner with him.

Velmora grammar entry · CMU Pronouncing Dictionary
altogetheradverbUS /ˌɔːltəˈɡeðər/

to a complete degree or to the full or entire extent (“whole” is often used informally for “wholly”)

From this reading Warmed, nourished, in a decent overcoat, combed, washed, shaved, he became a different man altogether.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
Augustinovich

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Meanwhile Augustinovich went to live permanently with Yosef.

Pending verification
becameverbUS /bɪˈkeɪm/

inflected form of “become” — enter or assume a certain state or condition

From this reading Warmed, nourished, in a decent overcoat, combed, washed, shaved, he became a different man altogether.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
bednounUS /bed/

a piece of furniture that provides a place to sleep

From this reading Formerly he had had no warm corner, now Yosef gave him a warm corner; he had had no bed, Yosef bought him a bed; he had had no blanket, Yosef bought him a blanket; he had had no clothes, Yosef got clothes for him; he had been without food, Yosef divided his own dinner with him.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading Formerly he had had no warm corner, now Yosef gave him a warm corner; he had had no bed, Yosef bought him a bed; he had had no blanket, Yosef bought him a blanket; he had had no clothes, Yosef got clothes for him; he had been without food, Yosef divided his own dinner with him.

Velmora grammar entry · CMU Pronouncing Dictionary
blanketnounUS /ˈblæŋkət/

bedding that keeps a person warm in bed

From this reading Formerly he had had no warm corner, now Yosef gave him a warm corner; he had had no bed, Yosef bought him a bed; he had had no blanket, Yosef bought him a blanket; he had had no clothes, Yosef got clothes for him; he had been without food, Yosef divided his own dinner with him.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
boughtverbUS /bɑːt/

inflected form of “buy” — obtain by purchase; acquire by means of a financial transaction

From this reading Formerly he had had no warm corner, now Yosef gave him a warm corner; he had had no bed, Yosef bought him a bed; he had had no blanket, Yosef bought him a blanket; he had had no clothes, Yosef got clothes for him; he had been without food, Yosef divided his own dinner with him.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
clothesnounUS /kloʊðz/

clothing in general

From this reading Formerly he had had no warm corner, now Yosef gave him a warm corner; he had had no bed, Yosef bought him a bed; he had had no blanket, Yosef bought him a blanket; he had had no clothes, Yosef got clothes for him; he had been without food, Yosef divided his own dinner with him.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
combedadjectiveUS /koʊmd/

(of hair) made tidy with a comb

From this reading Warmed, nourished, in a decent overcoat, combed, washed, shaved, he became a different man altogether.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
conditionsnounUS /kənˈdɪʃənz/

the prevailing context that influences the performance or the outcome of a process

From this reading He found himself in conditions entirely different.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
cornernounUS /ˈkɔːrnər/

a place off to the side of an area

From this reading Formerly he had had no warm corner, now Yosef gave him a warm corner; he had had no bed, Yosef bought him a bed; he had had no blanket, Yosef bought him a blanket; he had had no clothes, Yosef got clothes for him; he had been without food, Yosef divided his own dinner with him.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
decentadjectiveUS /ˈdiːsənt/

socially or conventionally correct; refined or virtuous

From this reading Warmed, nourished, in a decent overcoat, combed, washed, shaved, he became a different man altogether.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
differentadjectiveUS /ˈdɪfərənt/

unlike in nature or quality or form or degree

From this reading How different was his former from his present life!

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
dinnernounUS /ˈdɪnər/

the main meal of the day served in the evening or at midday

From this reading Formerly he had had no warm corner, now Yosef gave him a warm corner; he had had no bed, Yosef bought him a bed; he had had no blanket, Yosef bought him a blanket; he had had no clothes, Yosef got clothes for him; he had been without food, Yosef divided his own dinner with him.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
dividedadjectiveUS /dɪˈvaɪdɪd/

separated into parts or pieces

From this reading Formerly he had had no warm corner, now Yosef gave him a warm corner; he had had no bed, Yosef bought him a bed; he had had no blanket, Yosef bought him a blanket; he had had no clothes, Yosef got clothes for him; he had been without food, Yosef divided his own dinner with him.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
entirelyadverbUS /ɪnˈtaɪərli/

to a complete degree or to the full or entire extent (“whole” is often used informally for “wholly”)

From this reading He found himself in conditions entirely different.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
foodnounUS /fuːd/

any substance that can be metabolized by an animal to give energy and build tissue

From this reading Formerly he had had no warm corner, now Yosef gave him a warm corner; he had had no bed, Yosef bought him a bed; he had had no blanket, Yosef bought him a blanket; he had had no clothes, Yosef got clothes for him; he had been without food, Yosef divided his own dinner with him.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading Formerly he had had no warm corner, now Yosef gave him a warm corner; he had had no bed, Yosef bought him a bed; he had had no blanket, Yosef bought him a blanket; he had had no clothes, Yosef got clothes for him; he had been without food, Yosef divided his own dinner with him.

Velmora grammar entry · CMU Pronouncing Dictionary
formeradjectiveUS /ˈfɔːrmər/

referring to the first of two things or persons mentioned (or the earlier one or ones of several)

From this reading How different was his former from his present life!

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
FormerlyadverbUS /ˈfɔːrmərli/

at a previous time

From this reading Formerly he had had no warm corner, now Yosef gave him a warm corner; he had had no bed, Yosef bought him a bed; he had had no blanket, Yosef bought him a blanket; he had had no clothes, Yosef got clothes for him; he had been without food, Yosef divided his own dinner with him.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
foundverbUS /faʊnd/

set up or found

From this reading He found himself in conditions entirely different.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading How different was his former from his present life!

Velmora grammar entry · CMU Pronouncing Dictionary
gaveverbUS /ɡeɪv/

inflected form of “give” — cause to have, in the abstract sense or physical sense

From this reading Formerly he had had no warm corner, now Yosef gave him a warm corner; he had had no bed, Yosef bought him a bed; he had had no blanket, Yosef bought him a blanket; he had had no clothes, Yosef got clothes for him; he had been without food, Yosef divided his own dinner with him.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
gotverbUS /ɡɑːt/

inflected form of “get” — come into the possession of something concrete or abstract

From this reading Formerly he had had no warm corner, now Yosef gave him a warm corner; he had had no bed, Yosef bought him a bed; he had had no blanket, Yosef bought him a blanket; he had had no clothes, Yosef got clothes for him; he had been without food, Yosef divided his own dinner with him.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading Formerly he had had no warm corner, now Yosef gave him a warm corner; he had had no bed, Yosef bought him a bed; he had had no blanket, Yosef bought him a blanket; he had had no clothes, Yosef got clothes for him; he had been without food, Yosef divided his own dinner with him.

Velmora grammar entry · CMU Pronouncing Dictionary
hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Formerly he had had no warm corner, now Yosef gave him a warm corner; he had had no bed, Yosef bought him a bed; he had had no blanket, Yosef bought him a blanket; he had had no clothes, Yosef got clothes for him; he had been without food, Yosef divided his own dinner with him.

Velmora grammar entry · CMU Pronouncing Dictionary
himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading Formerly he had had no warm corner, now Yosef gave him a warm corner; he had had no bed, Yosef bought him a bed; he had had no blanket, Yosef bought him a blanket; he had had no clothes, Yosef got clothes for him; he had been without food, Yosef divided his own dinner with him.

Velmora grammar entry · CMU Pronouncing Dictionary
himselfpronounUS /hɪmˈself/

used when the man or boy doing the action is also its object

From this reading He found himself in conditions entirely different.

Velmora grammar entry · CMU Pronouncing Dictionary
hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading How different was his former from his present life!

Velmora grammar entry · CMU Pronouncing Dictionary
How

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading How different was his former from his present life!

Pending verification
inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading He found himself in conditions entirely different.

Velmora grammar entry · CMU Pronouncing Dictionary
lifenounUS /laɪf/

a characteristic state or mode of living

From this reading How different was his former from his present life!

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
liveverbUS /laɪv/

be an inhabitant of or reside in

From this reading Meanwhile Augustinovich went to live permanently with Yosef.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
mannounUS /mæn/

an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)

From this reading Warmed, nourished, in a decent overcoat, combed, washed, shaved, he became a different man altogether.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
MeanwhileadverbUS /ˈmiːnwaɪl/

at the same time but in another place

From this reading Meanwhile Augustinovich went to live permanently with Yosef.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading Formerly he had had no warm corner, now Yosef gave him a warm corner; he had had no bed, Yosef bought him a bed; he had had no blanket, Yosef bought him a blanket; he had had no clothes, Yosef got clothes for him; he had been without food, Yosef divided his own dinner with him.

Velmora grammar entry · CMU Pronouncing Dictionary
nourishedadjectiveUS /ˈnɜːrɪʃt/

being provided with adequate nourishment

From this reading Warmed, nourished, in a decent overcoat, combed, washed, shaved, he became a different man altogether.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
nowadverbUS /naʊ/

in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events

From this reading Formerly he had had no warm corner, now Yosef gave him a warm corner; he had had no bed, Yosef bought him a bed; he had had no blanket, Yosef bought him a blanket; he had had no clothes, Yosef got clothes for him; he had been without food, Yosef divided his own dinner with him.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
overcoatnounUS /ˈoʊvərkoʊt/

a heavy coat worn over clothes in winter

From this reading Warmed, nourished, in a decent overcoat, combed, washed, shaved, he became a different man altogether.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
ownverbUS /oʊn/

have ownership or possession of

From this reading Formerly he had had no warm corner, now Yosef gave him a warm corner; he had had no bed, Yosef bought him a bed; he had had no blanket, Yosef bought him a blanket; he had had no clothes, Yosef got clothes for him; he had been without food, Yosef divided his own dinner with him.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
permanentlyadverbUS /ˈpɜːrmənəntli/

for a long time without essential change

From this reading Meanwhile Augustinovich went to live permanently with Yosef.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
presentverbUS /ˈprezənt/

give an exhibition of to an interested audience

From this reading How different was his former from his present life!

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
shavedadjectiveUS /ʃeɪvd/

having the beard or hair cut off close to the skin

From this reading Warmed, nourished, in a decent overcoat, combed, washed, shaved, he became a different man altogether.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Meanwhile Augustinovich went to live permanently with Yosef.

Velmora grammar entry · CMU Pronouncing Dictionary
warmadjectiveUS /wɔːrm/

having or producing a comfortable and agreeable degree of heat or imparting or maintaining heat

From this reading Formerly he had had no warm corner, now Yosef gave him a warm corner; he had had no bed, Yosef bought him a bed; he had had no blanket, Yosef bought him a blanket; he had had no clothes, Yosef got clothes for him; he had been without food, Yosef divided his own dinner with him.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
WarmedadjectiveUS /wɔːrmd/

having been warmed up

From this reading Warmed, nourished, in a decent overcoat, combed, washed, shaved, he became a different man altogether.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading How different was his former from his present life!

Velmora grammar entry · CMU Pronouncing Dictionary
washedadjectiveUS /wɑːʃt/

clean by virtue of having been washed in water

From this reading Warmed, nourished, in a decent overcoat, combed, washed, shaved, he became a different man altogether.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
wentverbUS /went/

inflected form of “go” — change location; move, travel, or proceed, also metaphorically

From this reading Meanwhile Augustinovich went to live permanently with Yosef.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Meanwhile Augustinovich went to live permanently with Yosef.

Velmora grammar entry · CMU Pronouncing Dictionary
withoutprepositionUS /wɪˈθaʊt/

not having, not using, or not accompanied by

From this reading Formerly he had had no warm corner, now Yosef gave him a warm corner; he had had no bed, Yosef bought him a bed; he had had no blanket, Yosef bought him a blanket; he had had no clothes, Yosef got clothes for him; he had been without food, Yosef divided his own dinner with him.

Velmora grammar entry · CMU Pronouncing Dictionary
Yosef

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Meanwhile Augustinovich went to live permanently with Yosef.

Pending verification

Chapter 7 of In Vain by Henryk Sienkiewicz holds 157 sentences, grouped into 32 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 7 of In Vain contain?

Chapter 7 holds 157 sentences of In Vain, unabridged, divided into 32 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 7 of In Vain by Henryk Sienkiewicz exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 157 sentences, grouped into 32 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 7 of In Vain?

Work through the 32 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 32 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 7 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 7 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading In Vain

Common questions about reading In Vain by Henryk Sienkiewicz on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of In Vain?

Yes. All 3217 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #46454 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of In Vain is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #46454, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does In Vain take to read?

About 268 minutes of reading across 644 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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How to work through In Vain section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

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  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in In Vain

Words and structures a reader meets early in In Vain, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Surrounded
A word that appears in the opening chapter of In Vain; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Italic
A word that appears in the opening chapter of In Vain; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Original
A word that appears in the opening chapter of In Vain; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Different
A word that appears in the opening chapter of In Vain; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.