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In Vain
In Vain

Chapter XVII

Chapter 17 of In Vain is here in full — 103 sentences across 21 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/20 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
Helena hardly believed her own happiness.
She was preparing for her marriage.
Her clouded past had vanished, life's night was over, the morning was shining.
From a woman of a wandering star, who knew not where and how low she might fall, from a woman who was a beggar, from a woman without a morrow, to enter into a new period of life, to receive the affection of a man whom she loved, to become in the future a wife, to begin a calm life, a life which had a to-morrow, surrounded by respect, filled with love and duty,--that was her future.
Helena understood, or rather had a prescience of the abnormal relation between her past and her future.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

In Vain

Chapter XVII

Chapter 17 of In Vain is here in full — 103 sentences across 21 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/20 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Helena hardly believed her own happiness.
/ˈhelənə ˈhɑːrdli bɪˈliːvd hɜːr oʊn ˈhæpinəs/
Line 2
She was preparing for her marriage.
/ʃiː wɑːz priˈperɪŋ fɔːr hɜːr ˈmerɪdʒ/
Line 3
Her clouded past had vanished, life's night was over, the morning was shining.
/hɜːr ˈklaʊdɪd pæst hæd ˈvænɪʃt laɪfs naɪt wɑːz ˈoʊvər ðə ˈmɔːrnɪŋ wɑːz ˈʃaɪnɪŋ/
Line 4
From a woman of a wandering star, who knew not where and how low she might fall, from a woman who was a beggar, from a woman without a morrow, to enter into a new period of life, to receive the affection of a man whom she loved, to become in the future a wife, to begin a calm life, a life which had a to-morrow, surrounded by respect, filled with love and duty,--that was her future.
Line 5
Helena understood, or rather had a prescience of the abnormal relation between her past and her future.
/ˈhelənə ˌʌndərˈstʊd ɔːr ˈræðər hæd ə ˈpriːʃiəns ʌv ðə æbˈnɔːrməl riˈleɪʃən bɪˈtwiːn hɜːr pæst ənd hɜːr ˈfjuːtʃər/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

abnormal adjective US /æbˈnɔːrməl/

not normal; not typical or usual or regular or conforming to a norm

From this reading “Helena understood, or rather had a prescience of the abnormal relation between her past and her future.”

beggar noun US /ˈbeɡər/

a pauper who lives by begging

From this reading “From a woman of a wandering star, who knew not where and how low she might fall, from a woman who was a beggar, from a woman without a morrow, to enter into a new period of life, to receive the affection of a man whom she loved, to become in the future a wife, to begin a calm life, a life which had a to-morrow, surrounded by respect, filled with love and duty,--that was her future.”

clouded adjective US /ˈklaʊdɪd/

made troubled or apprehensive or distressed in appearance

From this reading “Her clouded past had vanished, life's night was over, the morning was shining.”

Helena noun US /ˈhelənə/

capital of the state of Montana; located in western Montana

From this reading “Helena hardly believed her own happiness.”

life's noun US /laɪfs/

possessive form of “life” — a characteristic state or mode of living

From this reading “Her clouded past had vanished, life's night was over, the morning was shining.”

morrow noun US /ˈmɑːroʊ/

the next day

From this reading “From a woman of a wandering star, who knew not where and how low she might fall, from a woman who was a beggar, from a woman without a morrow, to enter into a new period of life, to receive the affection of a man whom she loved, to become in the future a wife, to begin a calm life, a life which had a to-morrow, surrounded by respect, filled with love and duty,--that was her future.”

preparing verb US /priˈperɪŋ/

-ing form of “prepare” — make ready or suitable or equip in advance for a particular purpose or for some use, event, etc

From this reading “She was preparing for her marriage.”

prescience noun US /ˈpriːʃiəns/

the power to foresee the future

From this reading “Helena understood, or rather had a prescience of the abnormal relation between her past and her future.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

enter into verb + particle

In this reading “From a woman of a wandering star, who knew not where and how low she might fall, from a woman who was a beggar, from a woman without a morrow, to enter into a new period of life, to receive the affection of a man whom she loved, to become in the future a wife, to begin a calm life, a life which had a to-morrow, surrounded by respect, filled with love and duty,--that was her future.”

preparing for verb + particle counted as “prepare for”

prepare mentally or emotionally for something unpleasant

In this reading “She was preparing for her marriage.”

own happiness verb + noun

In this reading “Helena hardly believed her own happiness.”

All words in this reading · 73

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading From a woman of a wandering star, who knew not where and how low she might fall, from a woman who was a beggar, from a woman without a morrow, to enter into a new period of life, to receive the affection of a man whom she loved, to become in the future a wife, to begin a calm life, a life which had a to-morrow, surrounded by respect, filled with love and duty,--that was her future.

abnormaladjectiveUS /æbˈnɔːrməl/

not normal; not typical or usual or regular or conforming to a norm

From this reading Helena understood, or rather had a prescience of the abnormal relation between her past and her future.

affectionnounUS /əˈfekʃən/

a positive feeling of liking

From this reading From a woman of a wandering star, who knew not where and how low she might fall, from a woman who was a beggar, from a woman without a morrow, to enter into a new period of life, to receive the affection of a man whom she loved, to become in the future a wife, to begin a calm life, a life which had a to-morrow, surrounded by respect, filled with love and duty,--that was her future.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading From a woman of a wandering star, who knew not where and how low she might fall, from a woman who was a beggar, from a woman without a morrow, to enter into a new period of life, to receive the affection of a man whom she loved, to become in the future a wife, to begin a calm life, a life which had a to-morrow, surrounded by respect, filled with love and duty,--that was her future.

becomeverbUS /bɪˈkʌm/

enter or assume a certain state or condition

From this reading From a woman of a wandering star, who knew not where and how low she might fall, from a woman who was a beggar, from a woman without a morrow, to enter into a new period of life, to receive the affection of a man whom she loved, to become in the future a wife, to begin a calm life, a life which had a to-morrow, surrounded by respect, filled with love and duty,--that was her future.

beggarnounUS /ˈbeɡər/

a pauper who lives by begging

From this reading From a woman of a wandering star, who knew not where and how low she might fall, from a woman who was a beggar, from a woman without a morrow, to enter into a new period of life, to receive the affection of a man whom she loved, to become in the future a wife, to begin a calm life, a life which had a to-morrow, surrounded by respect, filled with love and duty,--that was her future.

beginverbUS /bɪˈɡɪn/

take the first step or steps in carrying out an action

From this reading From a woman of a wandering star, who knew not where and how low she might fall, from a woman who was a beggar, from a woman without a morrow, to enter into a new period of life, to receive the affection of a man whom she loved, to become in the future a wife, to begin a calm life, a life which had a to-morrow, surrounded by respect, filled with love and duty,--that was her future.

believedverbUS /bɪˈliːvd/

past form of “believe” — accept as true; take to be true

From this reading Helena hardly believed her own happiness.

betweenprepositionUS /bɪˈtwiːn/

in the space, time, or range separating two things

From this reading Helena understood, or rather had a prescience of the abnormal relation between her past and her future.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading From a woman of a wandering star, who knew not where and how low she might fall, from a woman who was a beggar, from a woman without a morrow, to enter into a new period of life, to receive the affection of a man whom she loved, to become in the future a wife, to begin a calm life, a life which had a to-morrow, surrounded by respect, filled with love and duty,--that was her future.

calmverbUS /kɑːm/

make calm or still

From this reading From a woman of a wandering star, who knew not where and how low she might fall, from a woman who was a beggar, from a woman without a morrow, to enter into a new period of life, to receive the affection of a man whom she loved, to become in the future a wife, to begin a calm life, a life which had a to-morrow, surrounded by respect, filled with love and duty,--that was her future.

cloudedadjectiveUS /ˈklaʊdɪd/

made troubled or apprehensive or distressed in appearance

From this reading Her clouded past had vanished, life's night was over, the morning was shining.

dutynounUS /ˈduːti/

the social force that binds you to the courses of action demanded by that force

From this reading From a woman of a wandering star, who knew not where and how low she might fall, from a woman who was a beggar, from a woman without a morrow, to enter into a new period of life, to receive the affection of a man whom she loved, to become in the future a wife, to begin a calm life, a life which had a to-morrow, surrounded by respect, filled with love and duty,--that was her future.

enterverbUS /ˈentər/

to come or go into

From this reading From a woman of a wandering star, who knew not where and how low she might fall, from a woman who was a beggar, from a woman without a morrow, to enter into a new period of life, to receive the affection of a man whom she loved, to become in the future a wife, to begin a calm life, a life which had a to-morrow, surrounded by respect, filled with love and duty,--that was her future.

fallverbUS /fɔːl/

descend in free fall under the influence of gravity

From this reading From a woman of a wandering star, who knew not where and how low she might fall, from a woman who was a beggar, from a woman without a morrow, to enter into a new period of life, to receive the affection of a man whom she loved, to become in the future a wife, to begin a calm life, a life which had a to-morrow, surrounded by respect, filled with love and duty,--that was her future.

filledadjectiveUS /fɪld/

(usually followed by “with” or used as a combining form) generously supplied with

From this reading From a woman of a wandering star, who knew not where and how low she might fall, from a woman who was a beggar, from a woman without a morrow, to enter into a new period of life, to receive the affection of a man whom she loved, to become in the future a wife, to begin a calm life, a life which had a to-morrow, surrounded by respect, filled with love and duty,--that was her future.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading She was preparing for her marriage.

FromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading From a woman of a wandering star, who knew not where and how low she might fall, from a woman who was a beggar, from a woman without a morrow, to enter into a new period of life, to receive the affection of a man whom she loved, to become in the future a wife, to begin a calm life, a life which had a to-morrow, surrounded by respect, filled with love and duty,--that was her future.

futureadjectiveUS /ˈfjuːtʃər/

yet to be or coming

From this reading From a woman of a wandering star, who knew not where and how low she might fall, from a woman who was a beggar, from a woman without a morrow, to enter into a new period of life, to receive the affection of a man whom she loved, to become in the future a wife, to begin a calm life, a life which had a to-morrow, surrounded by respect, filled with love and duty,--that was her future.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading Her clouded past had vanished, life's night was over, the morning was shining.

happinessnounUS /ˈhæpinəs/

state of well-being characterized by emotions ranging from contentment to intense joy

From this reading Helena hardly believed her own happiness.

hardlyadverbUS /ˈhɑːrdli/

only a very short time before

From this reading Helena hardly believed her own happiness.

HelenanounUS /ˈhelənə/

capital of the state of Montana; located in western Montana

From this reading Helena hardly believed her own happiness.

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading Helena hardly believed her own happiness.

how

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading From a woman of a wandering star, who knew not where and how low she might fall, from a woman who was a beggar, from a woman without a morrow, to enter into a new period of life, to receive the affection of a man whom she loved, to become in the future a wife, to begin a calm life, a life which had a to-morrow, surrounded by respect, filled with love and duty,--that was her future.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading From a woman of a wandering star, who knew not where and how low she might fall, from a woman who was a beggar, from a woman without a morrow, to enter into a new period of life, to receive the affection of a man whom she loved, to become in the future a wife, to begin a calm life, a life which had a to-morrow, surrounded by respect, filled with love and duty,--that was her future.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading From a woman of a wandering star, who knew not where and how low she might fall, from a woman who was a beggar, from a woman without a morrow, to enter into a new period of life, to receive the affection of a man whom she loved, to become in the future a wife, to begin a calm life, a life which had a to-morrow, surrounded by respect, filled with love and duty,--that was her future.

knewverbUS /nuː/

inflected form of “know” — be cognizant or aware of a fact or a specific piece of information; possess knowledge or information about

From this reading From a woman of a wandering star, who knew not where and how low she might fall, from a woman who was a beggar, from a woman without a morrow, to enter into a new period of life, to receive the affection of a man whom she loved, to become in the future a wife, to begin a calm life, a life which had a to-morrow, surrounded by respect, filled with love and duty,--that was her future.

lifenounUS /laɪf/

a characteristic state or mode of living

From this reading From a woman of a wandering star, who knew not where and how low she might fall, from a woman who was a beggar, from a woman without a morrow, to enter into a new period of life, to receive the affection of a man whom she loved, to become in the future a wife, to begin a calm life, a life which had a to-morrow, surrounded by respect, filled with love and duty,--that was her future.

life'snounUS /laɪfs/

possessive form of “life” — a characteristic state or mode of living

From this reading Her clouded past had vanished, life's night was over, the morning was shining.

lovenounUS /lʌv/

a strong positive emotion of regard and affection

From this reading From a woman of a wandering star, who knew not where and how low she might fall, from a woman who was a beggar, from a woman without a morrow, to enter into a new period of life, to receive the affection of a man whom she loved, to become in the future a wife, to begin a calm life, a life which had a to-morrow, surrounded by respect, filled with love and duty,--that was her future.

lovedadjectiveUS /lʌvd/

held dear

From this reading From a woman of a wandering star, who knew not where and how low she might fall, from a woman who was a beggar, from a woman without a morrow, to enter into a new period of life, to receive the affection of a man whom she loved, to become in the future a wife, to begin a calm life, a life which had a to-morrow, surrounded by respect, filled with love and duty,--that was her future.

lowadjectiveUS /loʊ/

less than normal in degree or intensity or amount

From this reading From a woman of a wandering star, who knew not where and how low she might fall, from a woman who was a beggar, from a woman without a morrow, to enter into a new period of life, to receive the affection of a man whom she loved, to become in the future a wife, to begin a calm life, a life which had a to-morrow, surrounded by respect, filled with love and duty,--that was her future.

mannounUS /mæn/

an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)

From this reading From a woman of a wandering star, who knew not where and how low she might fall, from a woman who was a beggar, from a woman without a morrow, to enter into a new period of life, to receive the affection of a man whom she loved, to become in the future a wife, to begin a calm life, a life which had a to-morrow, surrounded by respect, filled with love and duty,--that was her future.

marriagenounUS /ˈmerɪdʒ/

the state of being a married couple voluntarily joined for life (or until divorce)

From this reading She was preparing for her marriage.

mightmodal verbUS /maɪt/

used to say something is possible but not certain

From this reading From a woman of a wandering star, who knew not where and how low she might fall, from a woman who was a beggar, from a woman without a morrow, to enter into a new period of life, to receive the affection of a man whom she loved, to become in the future a wife, to begin a calm life, a life which had a to-morrow, surrounded by respect, filled with love and duty,--that was her future.

morningnounUS /ˈmɔːrnɪŋ/

the time period between dawn and noon

From this reading Her clouded past had vanished, life's night was over, the morning was shining.

morrownounUS /ˈmɑːroʊ/

the next day

From this reading From a woman of a wandering star, who knew not where and how low she might fall, from a woman who was a beggar, from a woman without a morrow, to enter into a new period of life, to receive the affection of a man whom she loved, to become in the future a wife, to begin a calm life, a life which had a to-morrow, surrounded by respect, filled with love and duty,--that was her future.

newadjectiveUS /nuː/

not of long duration; having just (or relatively recently) come into being or been made or acquired or discovered

From this reading From a woman of a wandering star, who knew not where and how low she might fall, from a woman who was a beggar, from a woman without a morrow, to enter into a new period of life, to receive the affection of a man whom she loved, to become in the future a wife, to begin a calm life, a life which had a to-morrow, surrounded by respect, filled with love and duty,--that was her future.

nightnounUS /naɪt/

the time after sunset and before sunrise while it is dark outside

From this reading Her clouded past had vanished, life's night was over, the morning was shining.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading From a woman of a wandering star, who knew not where and how low she might fall, from a woman who was a beggar, from a woman without a morrow, to enter into a new period of life, to receive the affection of a man whom she loved, to become in the future a wife, to begin a calm life, a life which had a to-morrow, surrounded by respect, filled with love and duty,--that was her future.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading From a woman of a wandering star, who knew not where and how low she might fall, from a woman who was a beggar, from a woman without a morrow, to enter into a new period of life, to receive the affection of a man whom she loved, to become in the future a wife, to begin a calm life, a life which had a to-morrow, surrounded by respect, filled with love and duty,--that was her future.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading Helena understood, or rather had a prescience of the abnormal relation between her past and her future.

overprepositionUS /ˈoʊvər/

above and across; more than

From this reading Her clouded past had vanished, life's night was over, the morning was shining.

ownverbUS /oʊn/

have ownership or possession of

From this reading Helena hardly believed her own happiness.

pastnounUS /pæst/

the time that has elapsed

From this reading Her clouded past had vanished, life's night was over, the morning was shining.

periodnounUS /ˈpɪriəd/

an amount of time

From this reading From a woman of a wandering star, who knew not where and how low she might fall, from a woman who was a beggar, from a woman without a morrow, to enter into a new period of life, to receive the affection of a man whom she loved, to become in the future a wife, to begin a calm life, a life which had a to-morrow, surrounded by respect, filled with love and duty,--that was her future.

preparingverbUS /priˈperɪŋ/

-ing form of “prepare” — make ready or suitable or equip in advance for a particular purpose or for some use, event, etc

From this reading She was preparing for her marriage.

presciencenounUS /ˈpriːʃiəns/

the power to foresee the future

From this reading Helena understood, or rather had a prescience of the abnormal relation between her past and her future.

ratheradverbUS /ˈræðər/

on the contrary

From this reading Helena understood, or rather had a prescience of the abnormal relation between her past and her future.

receiveverbUS /rəˈsiːv/

get something; come into possession of

From this reading From a woman of a wandering star, who knew not where and how low she might fall, from a woman who was a beggar, from a woman without a morrow, to enter into a new period of life, to receive the affection of a man whom she loved, to become in the future a wife, to begin a calm life, a life which had a to-morrow, surrounded by respect, filled with love and duty,--that was her future.

relationnounUS /riˈleɪʃən/

an abstraction belonging to or characteristic of two entities or parts together

From this reading Helena understood, or rather had a prescience of the abnormal relation between her past and her future.

respectnounUS /rɪˈspekt/

(usually preceded by “in”) a detail or point

From this reading From a woman of a wandering star, who knew not where and how low she might fall, from a woman who was a beggar, from a woman without a morrow, to enter into a new period of life, to receive the affection of a man whom she loved, to become in the future a wife, to begin a calm life, a life which had a to-morrow, surrounded by respect, filled with love and duty,--that was her future.

ShepronounUS /ʃiː/

a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading She was preparing for her marriage.

shiningadjectiveUS /ˈʃaɪnɪŋ/

marked by exceptional merit

From this reading Her clouded past had vanished, life's night was over, the morning was shining.

starnounUS /stɑːr/

(astronomy) a celestial body of hot gases that radiates energy derived from thermonuclear reactions in the interior

From this reading From a woman of a wandering star, who knew not where and how low she might fall, from a woman who was a beggar, from a woman without a morrow, to enter into a new period of life, to receive the affection of a man whom she loved, to become in the future a wife, to begin a calm life, a life which had a to-morrow, surrounded by respect, filled with love and duty,--that was her future.

surroundedadjectiveUS /sərˈaʊndɪd/

confined on all sides

From this reading From a woman of a wandering star, who knew not where and how low she might fall, from a woman who was a beggar, from a woman without a morrow, to enter into a new period of life, to receive the affection of a man whom she loved, to become in the future a wife, to begin a calm life, a life which had a to-morrow, surrounded by respect, filled with love and duty,--that was her future.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading From a woman of a wandering star, who knew not where and how low she might fall, from a woman who was a beggar, from a woman without a morrow, to enter into a new period of life, to receive the affection of a man whom she loved, to become in the future a wife, to begin a calm life, a life which had a to-morrow, surrounded by respect, filled with love and duty,--that was her future.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Her clouded past had vanished, life's night was over, the morning was shining.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading From a woman of a wandering star, who knew not where and how low she might fall, from a woman who was a beggar, from a woman without a morrow, to enter into a new period of life, to receive the affection of a man whom she loved, to become in the future a wife, to begin a calm life, a life which had a to-morrow, surrounded by respect, filled with love and duty,--that was her future.

to-morrow

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading From a woman of a wandering star, who knew not where and how low she might fall, from a woman who was a beggar, from a woman without a morrow, to enter into a new period of life, to receive the affection of a man whom she loved, to become in the future a wife, to begin a calm life, a life which had a to-morrow, surrounded by respect, filled with love and duty,--that was her future.

understoodadjectiveUS /ˌʌndərˈstʊd/

fully apprehended as to purport or meaning or explanation

From this reading Helena understood, or rather had a prescience of the abnormal relation between her past and her future.

vanishedadjectiveUS /ˈvænɪʃt/

having passed out of existence

From this reading Her clouded past had vanished, life's night was over, the morning was shining.

wanderingadjectiveUS /ˈwɑːndərɪŋ/

migratory

From this reading From a woman of a wandering star, who knew not where and how low she might fall, from a woman who was a beggar, from a woman without a morrow, to enter into a new period of life, to receive the affection of a man whom she loved, to become in the future a wife, to begin a calm life, a life which had a to-morrow, surrounded by respect, filled with love and duty,--that was her future.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading She was preparing for her marriage.

whereconjunctionUS /wer/

in or at the place that

From this reading From a woman of a wandering star, who knew not where and how low she might fall, from a woman who was a beggar, from a woman without a morrow, to enter into a new period of life, to receive the affection of a man whom she loved, to become in the future a wife, to begin a calm life, a life which had a to-morrow, surrounded by respect, filled with love and duty,--that was her future.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading From a woman of a wandering star, who knew not where and how low she might fall, from a woman who was a beggar, from a woman without a morrow, to enter into a new period of life, to receive the affection of a man whom she loved, to become in the future a wife, to begin a calm life, a life which had a to-morrow, surrounded by respect, filled with love and duty,--that was her future.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading From a woman of a wandering star, who knew not where and how low she might fall, from a woman who was a beggar, from a woman without a morrow, to enter into a new period of life, to receive the affection of a man whom she loved, to become in the future a wife, to begin a calm life, a life which had a to-morrow, surrounded by respect, filled with love and duty,--that was her future.

whompronounUS /huːm/

the form of “who” used as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading From a woman of a wandering star, who knew not where and how low she might fall, from a woman who was a beggar, from a woman without a morrow, to enter into a new period of life, to receive the affection of a man whom she loved, to become in the future a wife, to begin a calm life, a life which had a to-morrow, surrounded by respect, filled with love and duty,--that was her future.

wifenounUS /waɪf/

a married woman; a man's partner in marriage

From this reading From a woman of a wandering star, who knew not where and how low she might fall, from a woman who was a beggar, from a woman without a morrow, to enter into a new period of life, to receive the affection of a man whom she loved, to become in the future a wife, to begin a calm life, a life which had a to-morrow, surrounded by respect, filled with love and duty,--that was her future.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading From a woman of a wandering star, who knew not where and how low she might fall, from a woman who was a beggar, from a woman without a morrow, to enter into a new period of life, to receive the affection of a man whom she loved, to become in the future a wife, to begin a calm life, a life which had a to-morrow, surrounded by respect, filled with love and duty,--that was her future.

withoutprepositionUS /wɪˈθaʊt/

not having, not using, or not accompanied by

From this reading From a woman of a wandering star, who knew not where and how low she might fall, from a woman who was a beggar, from a woman without a morrow, to enter into a new period of life, to receive the affection of a man whom she loved, to become in the future a wife, to begin a calm life, a life which had a to-morrow, surrounded by respect, filled with love and duty,--that was her future.

womannounUS /ˈwʊmən/

an adult female person (as opposed to a man)

From this reading From a woman of a wandering star, who knew not where and how low she might fall, from a woman who was a beggar, from a woman without a morrow, to enter into a new period of life, to receive the affection of a man whom she loved, to become in the future a wife, to begin a calm life, a life which had a to-morrow, surrounded by respect, filled with love and duty,--that was her future.

Chapter 17 of In Vain by Henryk Sienkiewicz holds 103 sentences, grouped into 21 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 17 of In Vain contain?

Chapter 17 holds 103 sentences of In Vain, unabridged, divided into 21 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 17 of In Vain by Henryk Sienkiewicz exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 103 sentences, grouped into 21 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 17 of In Vain?

Work through the 21 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 21 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 17 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 17 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading In Vain

Common questions about reading In Vain by Henryk Sienkiewicz on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of In Vain?

Yes. All 3217 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #46454 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of In Vain is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #46454, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does In Vain take to read?

About 268 minutes of reading across 644 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read In Vain section by section

How to work through In Vain section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 23 chapters of In Vain to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in In Vain

Words and structures a reader meets early in In Vain, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Surrounded
A word that appears in the opening chapter of In Vain; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Italic
A word that appears in the opening chapter of In Vain; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Original
A word that appears in the opening chapter of In Vain; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Different
A word that appears in the opening chapter of In Vain; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.