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Ingersollia
Ingersollia

Chapter IX

Chapter 9 of Ingersollia is here in full — 400 sentences across 80 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/80 · 5 lines
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437.
The Standard of Right According to Mr. Black, the man who does not believe in a supreme being acknowledges no standard of right and wrong in this world, and therefore can have no theory of rewards and punishments in the next.
Is it possible that only those who believe in the God who persecuted for opinion's sake have any standard of right and wrong?
Were the greatest men of all antiquity without this standard?
In the eyes of intelligent men of Greece and Rome, were all deeds, whether good or evil, morally alike?
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Ingersollia

Chapter IX

Chapter 9 of Ingersollia is here in full — 400 sentences across 80 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/80 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
437.
Line 2
The Standard of Right According to Mr. Black, the man who does not believe in a supreme being acknowledges no standard of right and wrong in this world, and therefore can have no theory of rewards and punishments in the next.
/ðə ˈstændərd ʌv raɪt əˈkɔːrdɪŋ tuː ˈmɪstər blæk ðə mæn huː dʌz nɑːt bɪˈliːv ɪn ə səˈpriːm ˈbiːɪŋ ækˈnɑːlɪdʒɪz noʊ ˈstændərd ʌv raɪt ənd rɔːŋ ɪn ðɪs wɜːrld ənd ˈðerfɔːr kæn hæv noʊ ˈθɪri ʌv rɪˈwɔːrdz ənd ˈpʌnɪʃmənts ɪn ðə nekst/
Line 3
Is it possible that only those who believe in the God who persecuted for opinion's sake have any standard of right and wrong?
Line 4
Were the greatest men of all antiquity without this standard?
/wɜːr ðə ˈɡreɪtəst men ʌv ɔːl ænˈtɪkwəti wɪˈθaʊt ðɪs ˈstændərd/
Line 5
In the eyes of intelligent men of Greece and Rome, were all deeds, whether good or evil, morally alike?
/ɪn ðə aɪz ʌv ˌɪnˈtelədʒənt men ʌv ɡriːs ənd roʊm wɜːr ɔːl diːdz ˈweðər ɡʊd ɔːr ˈiːvəl ˈmɔːrəli əˈlaɪk/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

acknowledges verb US /ækˈnɑːlɪdʒɪz/

third-person singular of “acknowledge” — declare to be true or admit the existence or reality or truth of

From this reading “The Standard of Right According to Mr. Black, the man who does not believe in a supreme being acknowledges no standard of right and wrong in this world, and therefore can have no theory of rewards and punishments in the next.”

antiquity noun US /ænˈtɪkwəti/

the historic period preceding the Middle Ages in Europe

From this reading “Were the greatest men of all antiquity without this standard?”

Greece noun US /ɡriːs/

a republic in southeastern Europe on the southern part of the Balkan peninsula; known for grapes and olives and olive oil

From this reading “In the eyes of intelligent men of Greece and Rome, were all deeds, whether good or evil, morally alike?”

morally adverb US /ˈmɔːrəli/

with respect to moral principles

From this reading “In the eyes of intelligent men of Greece and Rome, were all deeds, whether good or evil, morally alike?”

persecuted verb US /ˈpɜːrsəkjuːtɪd/

past form of “persecute” — cause to suffer

From this reading “Is it possible that only those who believe in the God who persecuted for opinion's sake have any standard of right and wrong?”

punishments noun US /ˈpʌnɪʃmənts/

plural of “punishment” — the act of punishing

From this reading “The Standard of Right According to Mr. Black, the man who does not believe in a supreme being acknowledges no standard of right and wrong in this world, and therefore can have no theory of rewards and punishments in the next.”

rewards noun US /rɪˈwɔːrdz/

plural of “reward” — a recompense for worthy acts or retribution for wrongdoing

From this reading “The Standard of Right According to Mr. Black, the man who does not believe in a supreme being acknowledges no standard of right and wrong in this world, and therefore can have no theory of rewards and punishments in the next.”

standard adjective US /ˈstændərd/

conforming to or constituting a standard of measurement or value; or of the usual or regularized or accepted kind

From this reading “The Standard of Right According to Mr. Black, the man who does not believe in a supreme being acknowledges no standard of right and wrong in this world, and therefore can have no theory of rewards and punishments in the next.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

intelligent men adjective + noun

In this reading “In the eyes of intelligent men of Greece and Rome, were all deeds, whether good or evil, morally alike?”

All words in this reading · 60

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

437

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading 437.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading The Standard of Right According to Mr. Black, the man who does not believe in a supreme being acknowledges no standard of right and wrong in this world, and therefore can have no theory of rewards and punishments in the next.

AccordingadjectiveUS /əˈkɔːrdɪŋ/

(followed by “to”) in agreement with or accordant with

From this reading The Standard of Right According to Mr. Black, the man who does not believe in a supreme being acknowledges no standard of right and wrong in this world, and therefore can have no theory of rewards and punishments in the next.

acknowledgesverbUS /ækˈnɑːlɪdʒɪz/

third-person singular of “acknowledge” — declare to be true or admit the existence or reality or truth of

From this reading The Standard of Right According to Mr. Black, the man who does not believe in a supreme being acknowledges no standard of right and wrong in this world, and therefore can have no theory of rewards and punishments in the next.

alikeadverbUS /əˈlaɪk/

equally

From this reading In the eyes of intelligent men of Greece and Rome, were all deeds, whether good or evil, morally alike?

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading Were the greatest men of all antiquity without this standard?

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading The Standard of Right According to Mr. Black, the man who does not believe in a supreme being acknowledges no standard of right and wrong in this world, and therefore can have no theory of rewards and punishments in the next.

antiquitynounUS /ænˈtɪkwəti/

the historic period preceding the Middle Ages in Europe

From this reading Were the greatest men of all antiquity without this standard?

anyadjectiveUS /ˈeni/

one or some or every or all without specification

From this reading Is it possible that only those who believe in the God who persecuted for opinion's sake have any standard of right and wrong?

beingauxiliary verbUS /ˈbiːɪŋ/

the -ing form of “be”

From this reading The Standard of Right According to Mr. Black, the man who does not believe in a supreme being acknowledges no standard of right and wrong in this world, and therefore can have no theory of rewards and punishments in the next.

believeverbUS /bɪˈliːv/

accept as true; take to be true

From this reading The Standard of Right According to Mr. Black, the man who does not believe in a supreme being acknowledges no standard of right and wrong in this world, and therefore can have no theory of rewards and punishments in the next.

BlackadjectiveUS /blæk/

being of the achromatic color of maximum darkness; having little or no hue owing to absorption of almost all incident light

From this reading The Standard of Right According to Mr. Black, the man who does not believe in a supreme being acknowledges no standard of right and wrong in this world, and therefore can have no theory of rewards and punishments in the next.

canmodal verbUS /kæn/

to be able to, or to be allowed to

From this reading The Standard of Right According to Mr. Black, the man who does not believe in a supreme being acknowledges no standard of right and wrong in this world, and therefore can have no theory of rewards and punishments in the next.

deedsnounUS /diːdz/

performance of moral or religious acts

From this reading In the eyes of intelligent men of Greece and Rome, were all deeds, whether good or evil, morally alike?

doesauxiliary verbUS /dʌz/

the form of “do” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The Standard of Right According to Mr. Black, the man who does not believe in a supreme being acknowledges no standard of right and wrong in this world, and therefore can have no theory of rewards and punishments in the next.

evilnounUS /ˈiːvəl/

morally objectionable behavior

From this reading In the eyes of intelligent men of Greece and Rome, were all deeds, whether good or evil, morally alike?

eyesnounUS /aɪz/

opinion or judgment

From this reading In the eyes of intelligent men of Greece and Rome, were all deeds, whether good or evil, morally alike?

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading Is it possible that only those who believe in the God who persecuted for opinion's sake have any standard of right and wrong?

GodnounUS /ɡɑːd/

the supernatural being conceived as the perfect and omnipotent and omniscient originator and ruler of the universe; the object of worship in monotheistic religions

From this reading Is it possible that only those who believe in the God who persecuted for opinion's sake have any standard of right and wrong?

goodadjectiveUS /ɡʊd/

having desirable or positive qualities especially those suitable for a thing specified

From this reading In the eyes of intelligent men of Greece and Rome, were all deeds, whether good or evil, morally alike?

greatestadjectiveUS /ˈɡreɪtəst/

highest in quality

From this reading Were the greatest men of all antiquity without this standard?

GreecenounUS /ɡriːs/

a republic in southeastern Europe on the southern part of the Balkan peninsula; known for grapes and olives and olive oil

From this reading In the eyes of intelligent men of Greece and Rome, were all deeds, whether good or evil, morally alike?

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading The Standard of Right According to Mr. Black, the man who does not believe in a supreme being acknowledges no standard of right and wrong in this world, and therefore can have no theory of rewards and punishments in the next.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading The Standard of Right According to Mr. Black, the man who does not believe in a supreme being acknowledges no standard of right and wrong in this world, and therefore can have no theory of rewards and punishments in the next.

intelligentadjectiveUS /ˌɪnˈtelədʒənt/

having the capacity for thought and reason especially to a high degree

From this reading In the eyes of intelligent men of Greece and Rome, were all deeds, whether good or evil, morally alike?

Isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Is it possible that only those who believe in the God who persecuted for opinion's sake have any standard of right and wrong?

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading Is it possible that only those who believe in the God who persecuted for opinion's sake have any standard of right and wrong?

mannounUS /mæn/

an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)

From this reading The Standard of Right According to Mr. Black, the man who does not believe in a supreme being acknowledges no standard of right and wrong in this world, and therefore can have no theory of rewards and punishments in the next.

mennounUS /men/

the force of workers available

From this reading Were the greatest men of all antiquity without this standard?

morallyadverbUS /ˈmɔːrəli/

with respect to moral principles

From this reading In the eyes of intelligent men of Greece and Rome, were all deeds, whether good or evil, morally alike?

MrnounUS /ˈmɪstər/

a form of address for a man

From this reading The Standard of Right According to Mr. Black, the man who does not believe in a supreme being acknowledges no standard of right and wrong in this world, and therefore can have no theory of rewards and punishments in the next.

nextadjectiveUS /nekst/

immediately following in time or order

From this reading The Standard of Right According to Mr. Black, the man who does not believe in a supreme being acknowledges no standard of right and wrong in this world, and therefore can have no theory of rewards and punishments in the next.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading The Standard of Right According to Mr. Black, the man who does not believe in a supreme being acknowledges no standard of right and wrong in this world, and therefore can have no theory of rewards and punishments in the next.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading The Standard of Right According to Mr. Black, the man who does not believe in a supreme being acknowledges no standard of right and wrong in this world, and therefore can have no theory of rewards and punishments in the next.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading The Standard of Right According to Mr. Black, the man who does not believe in a supreme being acknowledges no standard of right and wrong in this world, and therefore can have no theory of rewards and punishments in the next.

onlyadverbUS /ˈoʊnli/

and nothing more

From this reading Is it possible that only those who believe in the God who persecuted for opinion's sake have any standard of right and wrong?

opinion's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Is it possible that only those who believe in the God who persecuted for opinion's sake have any standard of right and wrong?

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading In the eyes of intelligent men of Greece and Rome, were all deeds, whether good or evil, morally alike?

persecutedverbUS /ˈpɜːrsəkjuːtɪd/

past form of “persecute” — cause to suffer

From this reading Is it possible that only those who believe in the God who persecuted for opinion's sake have any standard of right and wrong?

possibleadjectiveUS /ˈpɑːsəbəl/

capable of happening or existing

From this reading Is it possible that only those who believe in the God who persecuted for opinion's sake have any standard of right and wrong?

punishmentsnounUS /ˈpʌnɪʃmənts/

plural of “punishment” — the act of punishing

From this reading The Standard of Right According to Mr. Black, the man who does not believe in a supreme being acknowledges no standard of right and wrong in this world, and therefore can have no theory of rewards and punishments in the next.

rewardsnounUS /rɪˈwɔːrdz/

plural of “reward” — a recompense for worthy acts or retribution for wrongdoing

From this reading The Standard of Right According to Mr. Black, the man who does not believe in a supreme being acknowledges no standard of right and wrong in this world, and therefore can have no theory of rewards and punishments in the next.

RightadverbUS /raɪt/

precisely, exactly

From this reading The Standard of Right According to Mr. Black, the man who does not believe in a supreme being acknowledges no standard of right and wrong in this world, and therefore can have no theory of rewards and punishments in the next.

RomenounUS /roʊm/

capital and largest city of Italy; on the Tiber; seat of the Roman Catholic Church; formerly the capital of the Roman Republic and the Roman Empire

From this reading In the eyes of intelligent men of Greece and Rome, were all deeds, whether good or evil, morally alike?

sakenounUS /seɪk/

a reason for wanting something done

From this reading Is it possible that only those who believe in the God who persecuted for opinion's sake have any standard of right and wrong?

StandardadjectiveUS /ˈstændərd/

conforming to or constituting a standard of measurement or value; or of the usual or regularized or accepted kind

From this reading The Standard of Right According to Mr. Black, the man who does not believe in a supreme being acknowledges no standard of right and wrong in this world, and therefore can have no theory of rewards and punishments in the next.

supremeadjectiveUS /səˈpriːm/

final or last in your life or progress

From this reading The Standard of Right According to Mr. Black, the man who does not believe in a supreme being acknowledges no standard of right and wrong in this world, and therefore can have no theory of rewards and punishments in the next.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading Is it possible that only those who believe in the God who persecuted for opinion's sake have any standard of right and wrong?

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading The Standard of Right According to Mr. Black, the man who does not believe in a supreme being acknowledges no standard of right and wrong in this world, and therefore can have no theory of rewards and punishments in the next.

theorynounUS /ˈθɪri/

a well-substantiated explanation of some aspect of the natural world; an organized system of accepted knowledge that applies in a variety of circumstances to explain a specific set of phenomena

From this reading The Standard of Right According to Mr. Black, the man who does not believe in a supreme being acknowledges no standard of right and wrong in this world, and therefore can have no theory of rewards and punishments in the next.

thereforeadverbUS /ˈðerfɔːr/

for that reason; as a result

From this reading The Standard of Right According to Mr. Black, the man who does not believe in a supreme being acknowledges no standard of right and wrong in this world, and therefore can have no theory of rewards and punishments in the next.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading The Standard of Right According to Mr. Black, the man who does not believe in a supreme being acknowledges no standard of right and wrong in this world, and therefore can have no theory of rewards and punishments in the next.

thosedeterminerUS /ðoʊz/

the plural of “that”: the people or things further away, or already known

From this reading Is it possible that only those who believe in the God who persecuted for opinion's sake have any standard of right and wrong?

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading The Standard of Right According to Mr. Black, the man who does not believe in a supreme being acknowledges no standard of right and wrong in this world, and therefore can have no theory of rewards and punishments in the next.

Wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Were the greatest men of all antiquity without this standard?

whetherconjunctionUS /ˈweðər/

used to introduce two or more possibilities

From this reading In the eyes of intelligent men of Greece and Rome, were all deeds, whether good or evil, morally alike?

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading The Standard of Right According to Mr. Black, the man who does not believe in a supreme being acknowledges no standard of right and wrong in this world, and therefore can have no theory of rewards and punishments in the next.

withoutprepositionUS /wɪˈθaʊt/

not having, not using, or not accompanied by

From this reading Were the greatest men of all antiquity without this standard?

worldnounUS /wɜːrld/

everything that exists anywhere

From this reading The Standard of Right According to Mr. Black, the man who does not believe in a supreme being acknowledges no standard of right and wrong in this world, and therefore can have no theory of rewards and punishments in the next.

wrongadjectiveUS /rɔːŋ/

not correct; not in conformity with fact or truth

From this reading The Standard of Right According to Mr. Black, the man who does not believe in a supreme being acknowledges no standard of right and wrong in this world, and therefore can have no theory of rewards and punishments in the next.

Chapter 9 of Ingersollia by Robert Green Ingersoll holds 400 sentences, grouped into 80 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 9 of Ingersollia contain?

Chapter 9 holds 400 sentences of Ingersollia, unabridged, divided into 80 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 9 of Ingersollia by Robert Green Ingersoll exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 400 sentences, grouped into 80 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 9 of Ingersollia?

Work through the 80 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 80 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 9 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 9 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Ingersollia

Common questions about reading Ingersollia by Robert Green Ingersoll on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Ingersollia?

Yes. All 3993 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #38106 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Ingersollia is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #38106, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Ingersollia take to read?

About 332 minutes of reading across 799 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Ingersollia section by section

How to work through Ingersollia section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 10 chapters of Ingersollia to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Ingersollia

Words and structures a reader meets early in Ingersollia, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Colonel
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Ingersollia; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Robert
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Ingersollia; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Ingersoll
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Ingersollia; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Occupies
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Ingersollia; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.