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Initial Studies in American Letters
Initial Studies in American Letters

Chapter I · Chapter 1

Chapter 1 of Initial Studies in American Letters is here in full — 417 sentences across 84 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/83 · 5 lines
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New York Chautauqua Press C. L. S. C. Department, 150 Fifth Avenue The required books of the C. L. S. C. are recommended by a Council of Six.
It must, however, be understood that recommendation does not involve an approval by the Council, or by any member of it, of every principle or doctrine contained in the book recommended.
PREFACE.
This volume is intended as a companion to the historical sketch of English literature, entitled _From Chaucer to Tennyson_, published last year for the Chautauqua Circle.
In writing it I have followed the same plan, aiming to present the subject in a sort of continuous essay rather than in the form of a "primer" or elementary manual.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
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A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Initial Studies in American Letters

Chapter I · Chapter 1

Chapter 1 of Initial Studies in American Letters is here in full — 417 sentences across 84 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/83 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
New York Chautauqua Press C. L. S. C. Department, 150 Fifth Avenue The required books of the C. L. S. C. are recommended by a Council of Six.
Line 2
It must, however, be understood that recommendation does not involve an approval by the Council, or by any member of it, of every principle or doctrine contained in the book recommended.
/ɪt mʌst ˌhaʊˈevər biː ˌʌndərˈstʊd ðæt ˌrekəmənˈdeɪʃən dʌz nɑːt ˌɪnˈvɑːlv æn əˈpruːvəl baɪ ðə ˈkaʊnsəl ɔːr baɪ ˈeni ˈmembər ʌv ɪt ʌv ˈevəri ˈprɪnsəpəl ɔːr ˈdɑːktrən kənˈteɪnd ɪn ðə bʊk ˌrekəˈmendɪd/
Line 3
PREFACE.
/ˈprefəs/
Line 4
This volume is intended as a companion to the historical sketch of English literature, entitled _From Chaucer to Tennyson_, published last year for the Chautauqua Circle.
Line 5
In writing it I have followed the same plan, aiming to present the subject in a sort of continuous essay rather than in the form of a "primer" or elementary manual.
/ɪn ˈraɪtɪŋ ɪt aɪ hæv ˈfɑːloʊd ðə seɪm plæn ˈeɪmɪŋ tuː ˈprezənt ðə səbˈdʒekt ɪn ə sɔːrt ʌv kənˈtɪnjuːəs eˈseɪ ˈræðər ðæn ɪn ðə fɔːrm ʌv ə ˈpraɪmər ɔːr ˌeləˈmentri ˈmænjuːəl/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

aiming verb US /ˈeɪmɪŋ/

-ing form of “aim” — point or cause to go (blows, weapons, or objects such as photographic equipment) towards

From this reading “In writing it I have followed the same plan, aiming to present the subject in a sort of continuous essay rather than in the form of a "primer" or elementary manual.”

Chaucer noun US /ˈtʃɔːsər/

English poet remembered as author of the Canterbury Tales (1340-1400)

From this reading “This volume is intended as a companion to the historical sketch of English literature, entitled _From Chaucer to Tennyson_, published last year for the Chautauqua Circle.”

elementary adjective US /ˌeləˈmentri/

easy and not involved or complicated

From this reading “In writing it I have followed the same plan, aiming to present the subject in a sort of continuous essay rather than in the form of a "primer" or elementary manual.”

involve verb US /ˌɪnˈvɑːlv/

connect closely and often incriminatingly

From this reading “It must, however, be understood that recommendation does not involve an approval by the Council, or by any member of it, of every principle or doctrine contained in the book recommended.”

manual noun US /ˈmænjuːəl/

a small handbook

From this reading “In writing it I have followed the same plan, aiming to present the subject in a sort of continuous essay rather than in the form of a "primer" or elementary manual.”

primer noun US /ˈpraɪmər/

an introductory textbook

From this reading “In writing it I have followed the same plan, aiming to present the subject in a sort of continuous essay rather than in the form of a "primer" or elementary manual.”

recommendation noun US /ˌrekəmənˈdeɪʃən/

something (as a course of action) that is recommended as advisable

From this reading “It must, however, be understood that recommendation does not involve an approval by the Council, or by any member of it, of every principle or doctrine contained in the book recommended.”

Tennyson noun US /ˈtenɪsən/

Englishman and Victorian poet (1809-1892)

All words in this reading · 81

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

150

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading New York Chautauqua Press C. L. S. C. Department, 150 Fifth Avenue The required books of the C. L. S. C. are recommended by a Council of Six.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading New York Chautauqua Press C. L. S. C. Department, 150 Fifth Avenue The required books of the C. L. S. C. are recommended by a Council of Six.

aimingverbUS /ˈeɪmɪŋ/

-ing form of “aim” — point or cause to go (blows, weapons, or objects such as photographic equipment) towards

From this reading In writing it I have followed the same plan, aiming to present the subject in a sort of continuous essay rather than in the form of a "primer" or elementary manual.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading It must, however, be understood that recommendation does not involve an approval by the Council, or by any member of it, of every principle or doctrine contained in the book recommended.

anyadjectiveUS /ˈeni/

one or some or every or all without specification

From this reading It must, however, be understood that recommendation does not involve an approval by the Council, or by any member of it, of every principle or doctrine contained in the book recommended.

approvalnounUS /əˈpruːvəl/

the formal act of approving

From this reading It must, however, be understood that recommendation does not involve an approval by the Council, or by any member of it, of every principle or doctrine contained in the book recommended.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading New York Chautauqua Press C. L. S. C. Department, 150 Fifth Avenue The required books of the C. L. S. C. are recommended by a Council of Six.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading This volume is intended as a companion to the historical sketch of English literature, entitled _From Chaucer to Tennyson_, published last year for the Chautauqua Circle.

AvenuenounUS /ˈævənuː/

a line of approach

From this reading New York Chautauqua Press C. L. S. C. Department, 150 Fifth Avenue The required books of the C. L. S. C. are recommended by a Council of Six.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading It must, however, be understood that recommendation does not involve an approval by the Council, or by any member of it, of every principle or doctrine contained in the book recommended.

booknounUS /bʊk/

a written work or composition that has been published (printed on pages bound together)

From this reading It must, however, be understood that recommendation does not involve an approval by the Council, or by any member of it, of every principle or doctrine contained in the book recommended.

booksnounUS /bʊks/

Bound written or printed works.

From this reading New York Chautauqua Press C. L. S. C. Department, 150 Fifth Avenue The required books of the C. L. S. C. are recommended by a Council of Six.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading New York Chautauqua Press C. L. S. C. Department, 150 Fifth Avenue The required books of the C. L. S. C. are recommended by a Council of Six.

CnounUS /siː/

a degree on the centigrade scale of temperature

From this reading New York Chautauqua Press C. L. S. C. Department, 150 Fifth Avenue The required books of the C. L. S. C. are recommended by a Council of Six.

ChaucernounUS /ˈtʃɔːsər/

English poet remembered as author of the Canterbury Tales (1340-1400)

From this reading This volume is intended as a companion to the historical sketch of English literature, entitled _From Chaucer to Tennyson_, published last year for the Chautauqua Circle.

Chautauqua

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading New York Chautauqua Press C. L. S. C. Department, 150 Fifth Avenue The required books of the C. L. S. C. are recommended by a Council of Six.

CirclenounUS /ˈsɜːrkəl/

ellipse in which the two axes are of equal length; a plane curve generated by one point moving at a constant distance from a fixed point

From this reading This volume is intended as a companion to the historical sketch of English literature, entitled _From Chaucer to Tennyson_, published last year for the Chautauqua Circle.

companionnounUS /kəmˈpænjən/

a friend who is frequently in the company of another

From this reading This volume is intended as a companion to the historical sketch of English literature, entitled _From Chaucer to Tennyson_, published last year for the Chautauqua Circle.

containedadjectiveUS /kənˈteɪnd/

gotten under control

From this reading It must, however, be understood that recommendation does not involve an approval by the Council, or by any member of it, of every principle or doctrine contained in the book recommended.

continuousadjectiveUS /kənˈtɪnjuːəs/

continuing in time or space without interruption

From this reading In writing it I have followed the same plan, aiming to present the subject in a sort of continuous essay rather than in the form of a "primer" or elementary manual.

CouncilnounUS /ˈkaʊnsəl/

a body serving in an administrative capacity

From this reading New York Chautauqua Press C. L. S. C. Department, 150 Fifth Avenue The required books of the C. L. S. C. are recommended by a Council of Six.

DepartmentnounUS /dɪˈpɑːrtmənt/

a specialized division of a large organization

From this reading New York Chautauqua Press C. L. S. C. Department, 150 Fifth Avenue The required books of the C. L. S. C. are recommended by a Council of Six.

doctrinenounUS /ˈdɑːktrən/

a belief (or system of beliefs) accepted as authoritative by some group or school

From this reading It must, however, be understood that recommendation does not involve an approval by the Council, or by any member of it, of every principle or doctrine contained in the book recommended.

doesauxiliary verbUS /dʌz/

the form of “do” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading It must, however, be understood that recommendation does not involve an approval by the Council, or by any member of it, of every principle or doctrine contained in the book recommended.

elementaryadjectiveUS /ˌeləˈmentri/

easy and not involved or complicated

From this reading In writing it I have followed the same plan, aiming to present the subject in a sort of continuous essay rather than in the form of a "primer" or elementary manual.

EnglishnounUS /ˈɪŋɡlɪʃ/

an Indo-European language belonging to the West Germanic branch; the official language of Britain and the United States and most of the commonwealth countries

From this reading This volume is intended as a companion to the historical sketch of English literature, entitled _From Chaucer to Tennyson_, published last year for the Chautauqua Circle.

entitledadjectiveUS /enˈtaɪtəld/

qualified for by right according to law

From this reading This volume is intended as a companion to the historical sketch of English literature, entitled _From Chaucer to Tennyson_, published last year for the Chautauqua Circle.

essaynounUS /eˈseɪ/

an analytic or interpretive literary composition

From this reading In writing it I have followed the same plan, aiming to present the subject in a sort of continuous essay rather than in the form of a "primer" or elementary manual.

everydeterminerUS /ˈevəri/

all the members of a group, with none left out

From this reading It must, however, be understood that recommendation does not involve an approval by the Council, or by any member of it, of every principle or doctrine contained in the book recommended.

FifthnounUS /fɪfθ/

a quantity of liquor equal to one fifth of a United States gallon

From this reading New York Chautauqua Press C. L. S. C. Department, 150 Fifth Avenue The required books of the C. L. S. C. are recommended by a Council of Six.

followedverbUS /ˈfɑːloʊd/

past form of “follow” — to travel behind, go after, come after

From this reading In writing it I have followed the same plan, aiming to present the subject in a sort of continuous essay rather than in the form of a "primer" or elementary manual.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading This volume is intended as a companion to the historical sketch of English literature, entitled _From Chaucer to Tennyson_, published last year for the Chautauqua Circle.

formnounUS /fɔːrm/

the phonological or orthographic sound or appearance of a word that can be used to describe or identify something

From this reading In writing it I have followed the same plan, aiming to present the subject in a sort of continuous essay rather than in the form of a "primer" or elementary manual.

FromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading This volume is intended as a companion to the historical sketch of English literature, entitled _From Chaucer to Tennyson_, published last year for the Chautauqua Circle.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading In writing it I have followed the same plan, aiming to present the subject in a sort of continuous essay rather than in the form of a "primer" or elementary manual.

historicaladjectiveUS /hɪˈstɔːrɪkəl/

of or relating to the study of history

From this reading This volume is intended as a companion to the historical sketch of English literature, entitled _From Chaucer to Tennyson_, published last year for the Chautauqua Circle.

howeveradverbUS /ˌhaʊˈevər/

used to add a contrasting statement

From this reading It must, however, be understood that recommendation does not involve an approval by the Council, or by any member of it, of every principle or doctrine contained in the book recommended.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading In writing it I have followed the same plan, aiming to present the subject in a sort of continuous essay rather than in the form of a "primer" or elementary manual.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading It must, however, be understood that recommendation does not involve an approval by the Council, or by any member of it, of every principle or doctrine contained in the book recommended.

intendedadjectiveUS /ˌɪnˈtendɪd/

resulting from one's intentions

From this reading This volume is intended as a companion to the historical sketch of English literature, entitled _From Chaucer to Tennyson_, published last year for the Chautauqua Circle.

involveverbUS /ˌɪnˈvɑːlv/

connect closely and often incriminatingly

From this reading It must, however, be understood that recommendation does not involve an approval by the Council, or by any member of it, of every principle or doctrine contained in the book recommended.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading This volume is intended as a companion to the historical sketch of English literature, entitled _From Chaucer to Tennyson_, published last year for the Chautauqua Circle.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading It must, however, be understood that recommendation does not involve an approval by the Council, or by any member of it, of every principle or doctrine contained in the book recommended.

LnounUS /el/

a metric unit of capacity, formerly defined as the volume of one kilogram of pure water under standard conditions; now equal to 1,000 cubic centimeters (or approximately 1.75 pints)

From this reading New York Chautauqua Press C. L. S. C. Department, 150 Fifth Avenue The required books of the C. L. S. C. are recommended by a Council of Six.

lastadjectiveUS /læst/

immediately past

From this reading This volume is intended as a companion to the historical sketch of English literature, entitled _From Chaucer to Tennyson_, published last year for the Chautauqua Circle.

literaturenounUS /ˈlɪtərətʃər/

creative writing of recognized artistic value

From this reading This volume is intended as a companion to the historical sketch of English literature, entitled _From Chaucer to Tennyson_, published last year for the Chautauqua Circle.

manualnounUS /ˈmænjuːəl/

a small handbook

From this reading In writing it I have followed the same plan, aiming to present the subject in a sort of continuous essay rather than in the form of a "primer" or elementary manual.

membernounUS /ˈmembər/

one of the persons who compose a social group (especially individuals who have joined and participate in a group organization)

From this reading It must, however, be understood that recommendation does not involve an approval by the Council, or by any member of it, of every principle or doctrine contained in the book recommended.

mustmodal verbUS /mʌst/

used to say something is necessary, or almost certainly true

From this reading It must, however, be understood that recommendation does not involve an approval by the Council, or by any member of it, of every principle or doctrine contained in the book recommended.

NewadjectiveUS /nuː/

not of long duration; having just (or relatively recently) come into being or been made or acquired or discovered

From this reading New York Chautauqua Press C. L. S. C. Department, 150 Fifth Avenue The required books of the C. L. S. C. are recommended by a Council of Six.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading It must, however, be understood that recommendation does not involve an approval by the Council, or by any member of it, of every principle or doctrine contained in the book recommended.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading New York Chautauqua Press C. L. S. C. Department, 150 Fifth Avenue The required books of the C. L. S. C. are recommended by a Council of Six.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading It must, however, be understood that recommendation does not involve an approval by the Council, or by any member of it, of every principle or doctrine contained in the book recommended.

planverbUS /plæn/

have the will and intention to carry out some action

From this reading In writing it I have followed the same plan, aiming to present the subject in a sort of continuous essay rather than in the form of a "primer" or elementary manual.

PREFACEnounUS /ˈprefəs/

a short introductory essay preceding the text of a book

From this reading PREFACE.

presentverbUS /ˈprezənt/

give an exhibition of to an interested audience

From this reading In writing it I have followed the same plan, aiming to present the subject in a sort of continuous essay rather than in the form of a "primer" or elementary manual.

PressverbUS /pres/

exert pressure or force to or upon

From this reading New York Chautauqua Press C. L. S. C. Department, 150 Fifth Avenue The required books of the C. L. S. C. are recommended by a Council of Six.

primernounUS /ˈpraɪmər/

an introductory textbook

From this reading In writing it I have followed the same plan, aiming to present the subject in a sort of continuous essay rather than in the form of a "primer" or elementary manual.

principlenounUS /ˈprɪnsəpəl/

a basic generalization that is accepted as true and that can be used as a basis for reasoning or conduct

From this reading It must, however, be understood that recommendation does not involve an approval by the Council, or by any member of it, of every principle or doctrine contained in the book recommended.

publishedadjectiveUS /ˈpʌblɪʃt/

prepared and printed for distribution and sale

From this reading This volume is intended as a companion to the historical sketch of English literature, entitled _From Chaucer to Tennyson_, published last year for the Chautauqua Circle.

ratheradverbUS /ˈræðər/

on the contrary

From this reading In writing it I have followed the same plan, aiming to present the subject in a sort of continuous essay rather than in the form of a "primer" or elementary manual.

recommendationnounUS /ˌrekəmənˈdeɪʃən/

something (as a course of action) that is recommended as advisable

From this reading It must, however, be understood that recommendation does not involve an approval by the Council, or by any member of it, of every principle or doctrine contained in the book recommended.

recommendedverbUS /ˌrekəˈmendɪd/

past form of “recommend” — push for something

From this reading New York Chautauqua Press C. L. S. C. Department, 150 Fifth Avenue The required books of the C. L. S. C. are recommended by a Council of Six.

requiredadjectiveUS /riˈkwaɪərd/

necessary for relief or supply

From this reading New York Chautauqua Press C. L. S. C. Department, 150 Fifth Avenue The required books of the C. L. S. C. are recommended by a Council of Six.

SnounUS /es/

1/60 of a minute; the basic unit of time adopted under the Systeme International d'Unites

From this reading New York Chautauqua Press C. L. S. C. Department, 150 Fifth Avenue The required books of the C. L. S. C. are recommended by a Council of Six.

sameadjectiveUS /seɪm/

Identical; not different.

From this reading In writing it I have followed the same plan, aiming to present the subject in a sort of continuous essay rather than in the form of a "primer" or elementary manual.

SixnounUS /sɪks/

the cardinal number that is the sum of five and one

From this reading New York Chautauqua Press C. L. S. C. Department, 150 Fifth Avenue The required books of the C. L. S. C. are recommended by a Council of Six.

sketchnounUS /sketʃ/

preliminary drawing for later elaboration

From this reading This volume is intended as a companion to the historical sketch of English literature, entitled _From Chaucer to Tennyson_, published last year for the Chautauqua Circle.

sortnounUS /sɔːrt/

a category of things distinguished by some common characteristic or quality

From this reading In writing it I have followed the same plan, aiming to present the subject in a sort of continuous essay rather than in the form of a "primer" or elementary manual.

subjectnounUS /səbˈdʒekt/

the subject matter of a conversation or discussion

From this reading In writing it I have followed the same plan, aiming to present the subject in a sort of continuous essay rather than in the form of a "primer" or elementary manual.

TennysonnounUS /ˈtenɪsən/

Englishman and Victorian poet (1809-1892)

From this reading This volume is intended as a companion to the historical sketch of English literature, entitled _From Chaucer to Tennyson_, published last year for the Chautauqua Circle.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading In writing it I have followed the same plan, aiming to present the subject in a sort of continuous essay rather than in the form of a "primer" or elementary manual.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading It must, however, be understood that recommendation does not involve an approval by the Council, or by any member of it, of every principle or doctrine contained in the book recommended.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading New York Chautauqua Press C. L. S. C. Department, 150 Fifth Avenue The required books of the C. L. S. C. are recommended by a Council of Six.

ThisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading This volume is intended as a companion to the historical sketch of English literature, entitled _From Chaucer to Tennyson_, published last year for the Chautauqua Circle.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading This volume is intended as a companion to the historical sketch of English literature, entitled _From Chaucer to Tennyson_, published last year for the Chautauqua Circle.

understoodadjectiveUS /ˌʌndərˈstʊd/

fully apprehended as to purport or meaning or explanation

From this reading It must, however, be understood that recommendation does not involve an approval by the Council, or by any member of it, of every principle or doctrine contained in the book recommended.

volumenounUS /ˈvɑːljuːm/

the amount of 3-dimensional space occupied by an object

From this reading This volume is intended as a companion to the historical sketch of English literature, entitled _From Chaucer to Tennyson_, published last year for the Chautauqua Circle.

writingnounUS /ˈraɪtɪŋ/

the act of creating written works

From this reading In writing it I have followed the same plan, aiming to present the subject in a sort of continuous essay rather than in the form of a "primer" or elementary manual.

yearnounUS /jɪr/

a period of time containing 365 (or 366) days

From this reading This volume is intended as a companion to the historical sketch of English literature, entitled _From Chaucer to Tennyson_, published last year for the Chautauqua Circle.

YorknounUS /jɔːrk/

the English royal house (a branch of the Plantagenet line) that reigned from 1461 to 1485; its emblem was a white rose

From this reading New York Chautauqua Press C. L. S. C. Department, 150 Fifth Avenue The required books of the C. L. S. C. are recommended by a Council of Six.

Chapter 1 of Initial Studies in American Letters by Henry A. (Henry Augustin) Beers holds 417 sentences, grouped into 84 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 1 of Initial Studies in American Letters contain?

Chapter 1 holds 417 sentences of Initial Studies in American Letters, unabridged, divided into 84 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 1 of Initial Studies in American Letters by Henry A. (Henry Augustin) Beers exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 417 sentences, grouped into 84 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 1 of Initial Studies in American Letters?

Work through the 84 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 84 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

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Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 1 can be played aloud in United States English.

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    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Initial Studies in American Letters

Words and structures a reader meets early in Initial Studies in American Letters, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Chapter 1
One of the 0 chapters of Initial Studies in American Letters, divided into 5-sentence reading sections.
Chapter 2
One of the 0 chapters of Initial Studies in American Letters, divided into 5-sentence reading sections.
Chapter 3
One of the 0 chapters of Initial Studies in American Letters, divided into 5-sentence reading sections.