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Initial Studies in American Letters
Initial Studies in American Letters

Chapter III · Chapter 3

Chapter 3 of Initial Studies in American Letters is here in full — 326 sentences across 66 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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THE ERA OF NATIONAL EXPANSION.
1815-1837.
The attempt to preserve a strictly chronological order must here be abandoned.
About all the American literature in existence that is of any value as _literature_ is the product of the past three quarters of a century, and the men who produced it, though older or younger, were still contemporaries.
Irving's _Knickerbocker's History of New York_, 1809, was published within the recollection of some yet living, and the venerable poet Richard H. Dana--Irving's junior by only four years--survived to 1879, when the youngest of the generation of writers that now occupy public attention had already won their spurs.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Initial Studies in American Letters

Chapter III · Chapter 3

Chapter 3 of Initial Studies in American Letters is here in full — 326 sentences across 66 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/65 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
THE ERA OF NATIONAL EXPANSION.
/ðə ˈerə ʌv ˈnæʃənəl ɪkˈspænʃən/
Line 2
1815-1837.
Line 3
The attempt to preserve a strictly chronological order must here be abandoned.
/ðə əˈtempt tuː prəˈzɜːrv ə ˈstrɪktli ˌkrɑːnəˈlɑːdʒɪkəl ˈɔːrdər mʌst hiːr biː əˈbændənd/
Line 4
About all the American literature in existence that is of any value as _literature_ is the product of the past three quarters of a century, and the men who produced it, though older or younger, were still contemporaries.
/əˈbaʊt ɔːl ðə əˈmerəkən ˈlɪtərətʃər ɪn eɡˈzɪstəns ðæt ɪz ʌv ˈeni ˈvæljuː æz ˈlɪtərətʃər ɪz ðə ˈprɑːdəkt ʌv ðə pæst θriː ˈkwɔːrtərz ʌv ə ˈsentʃəri ənd ðə men huː prəˈduːst ɪt ðoʊ ˈoʊldər ɔːr ˈjʌŋɡər wɜːr stɪl kənˈtempəreriz/
Line 5
Irving's _Knickerbocker's History of New York_, 1809, was published within the recollection of some yet living, and the venerable poet Richard H. Dana--Irving's junior by only four years--survived to 1879, when the youngest of the generation of writers that now occupy public attention had already won their spurs.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

chronological adjective US /ˌkrɑːnəˈlɑːdʒɪkəl/

relating to or arranged according to temporal order

From this reading “The attempt to preserve a strictly chronological order must here be abandoned.”

contemporaries noun US /kənˈtempəreriz/

all the people living at the same time or of approximately the same age

From this reading “About all the American literature in existence that is of any value as _literature_ is the product of the past three quarters of a century, and the men who produced it, though older or younger, were still contemporaries.”

Dana noun US /ˈdeɪnə/

Celtic goddess who was the mother of the Tuatha De Danann; identified with the Welsh Don

From this reading “Irving's _Knickerbocker's History of New York_, 1809, was published within the recollection of some yet living, and the venerable poet Richard H. Dana--Irving's junior by only four years--survived to 1879, when the youngest of the generation of writers that now occupy public attention had already won their spurs.”

era noun US /ˈerə/

a period marked by distinctive character or reckoned from a fixed point or event

From this reading “THE ERA OF NATIONAL EXPANSION.”

expansion noun US /ɪkˈspænʃən/

the act of increasing (something) in size or volume or quantity or scope

From this reading “THE ERA OF NATIONAL EXPANSION.”

Irving's noun US /ˈɜːrvɪŋz/

possessive form of “irving” — United States writer remembered for his stories (1783-1859)

From this reading “Irving's _Knickerbocker's History of New York_, 1809, was published within the recollection of some yet living, and the venerable poet Richard H. Dana--Irving's junior by only four years--survived to 1879, when the youngest of the generation of writers that now occupy public attention had already won their spurs.”

product noun US /ˈprɑːdəkt/

commodities offered for sale

From this reading “About all the American literature in existence that is of any value as _literature_ is the product of the past three quarters of a century, and the men who produced it, though older or younger, were still contemporaries.”

survived verb US /sərˈvaɪvd/

past form of “survive” — continue to live and avoid dying

From this reading “Irving's _Knickerbocker's History of New York_, 1809, was published within the recollection of some yet living, and the venerable poet Richard H. Dana--Irving's junior by only four years--survived to 1879, when the youngest of the generation of writers that now occupy public attention had already won their spurs.”

All words in this reading · 84

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

1809

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Irving's _Knickerbocker's History of New York_, 1809, was published within the recollection of some yet living, and the venerable poet Richard H. Dana--Irving's junior by only four years--survived to 1879, when the youngest of the generation of writers that now occupy public attention had already won their spurs.

1815

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading 1815-1837.

1837

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading 1815-1837.

1879

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Irving's _Knickerbocker's History of New York_, 1809, was published within the recollection of some yet living, and the venerable poet Richard H. Dana--Irving's junior by only four years--survived to 1879, when the youngest of the generation of writers that now occupy public attention had already won their spurs.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading The attempt to preserve a strictly chronological order must here be abandoned.

abandonedadjectiveUS /əˈbændənd/

forsaken by owner or inhabitants

From this reading The attempt to preserve a strictly chronological order must here be abandoned.

AboutprepositionUS /əˈbaʊt/

on the subject of; concerning

From this reading About all the American literature in existence that is of any value as _literature_ is the product of the past three quarters of a century, and the men who produced it, though older or younger, were still contemporaries.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading About all the American literature in existence that is of any value as _literature_ is the product of the past three quarters of a century, and the men who produced it, though older or younger, were still contemporaries.

alreadyadverbUS /ɔːlˈredi/

prior to a specified or implied time

From this reading Irving's _Knickerbocker's History of New York_, 1809, was published within the recollection of some yet living, and the venerable poet Richard H. Dana--Irving's junior by only four years--survived to 1879, when the youngest of the generation of writers that now occupy public attention had already won their spurs.

AmericannounUS /əˈmerəkən/

a native or inhabitant of the United States

From this reading About all the American literature in existence that is of any value as _literature_ is the product of the past three quarters of a century, and the men who produced it, though older or younger, were still contemporaries.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading About all the American literature in existence that is of any value as _literature_ is the product of the past three quarters of a century, and the men who produced it, though older or younger, were still contemporaries.

anyadjectiveUS /ˈeni/

one or some or every or all without specification

From this reading About all the American literature in existence that is of any value as _literature_ is the product of the past three quarters of a century, and the men who produced it, though older or younger, were still contemporaries.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading About all the American literature in existence that is of any value as _literature_ is the product of the past three quarters of a century, and the men who produced it, though older or younger, were still contemporaries.

attemptnounUS /əˈtempt/

earnest and conscientious activity intended to do or accomplish something

From this reading The attempt to preserve a strictly chronological order must here be abandoned.

attentionnounUS /əˈtenʃən/

the process whereby a person concentrates on some features of the environment to the (relative) exclusion of others

From this reading Irving's _Knickerbocker's History of New York_, 1809, was published within the recollection of some yet living, and the venerable poet Richard H. Dana--Irving's junior by only four years--survived to 1879, when the youngest of the generation of writers that now occupy public attention had already won their spurs.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading The attempt to preserve a strictly chronological order must here be abandoned.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading Irving's _Knickerbocker's History of New York_, 1809, was published within the recollection of some yet living, and the venerable poet Richard H. Dana--Irving's junior by only four years--survived to 1879, when the youngest of the generation of writers that now occupy public attention had already won their spurs.

centurynounUS /ˈsentʃəri/

a period of 100 years

From this reading About all the American literature in existence that is of any value as _literature_ is the product of the past three quarters of a century, and the men who produced it, though older or younger, were still contemporaries.

chronologicaladjectiveUS /ˌkrɑːnəˈlɑːdʒɪkəl/

relating to or arranged according to temporal order

From this reading The attempt to preserve a strictly chronological order must here be abandoned.

contemporariesnounUS /kənˈtempəreriz/

all the people living at the same time or of approximately the same age

From this reading About all the American literature in existence that is of any value as _literature_ is the product of the past three quarters of a century, and the men who produced it, though older or younger, were still contemporaries.

DananounUS /ˈdeɪnə/

Celtic goddess who was the mother of the Tuatha De Danann; identified with the Welsh Don

From this reading Irving's _Knickerbocker's History of New York_, 1809, was published within the recollection of some yet living, and the venerable poet Richard H. Dana--Irving's junior by only four years--survived to 1879, when the youngest of the generation of writers that now occupy public attention had already won their spurs.

ERAnounUS /ˈerə/

a period marked by distinctive character or reckoned from a fixed point or event

From this reading THE ERA OF NATIONAL EXPANSION.

existencenounUS /eɡˈzɪstəns/

the state or fact of existing

From this reading About all the American literature in existence that is of any value as _literature_ is the product of the past three quarters of a century, and the men who produced it, though older or younger, were still contemporaries.

EXPANSIONnounUS /ɪkˈspænʃən/

the act of increasing (something) in size or volume or quantity or scope

From this reading THE ERA OF NATIONAL EXPANSION.

fournounUS /fɔːr/

the cardinal number that is the sum of three and one

From this reading Irving's _Knickerbocker's History of New York_, 1809, was published within the recollection of some yet living, and the venerable poet Richard H. Dana--Irving's junior by only four years--survived to 1879, when the youngest of the generation of writers that now occupy public attention had already won their spurs.

generationnounUS /ˌdʒenərˈeɪʃən/

all the people living at the same time or of approximately the same age

From this reading Irving's _Knickerbocker's History of New York_, 1809, was published within the recollection of some yet living, and the venerable poet Richard H. Dana--Irving's junior by only four years--survived to 1879, when the youngest of the generation of writers that now occupy public attention had already won their spurs.

HnounUS /eɪtʃ/

a nonmetallic univalent element that is normally a colorless and odorless highly flammable diatomic gas; the simplest and lightest and most abundant element in the universe

From this reading Irving's _Knickerbocker's History of New York_, 1809, was published within the recollection of some yet living, and the venerable poet Richard H. Dana--Irving's junior by only four years--survived to 1879, when the youngest of the generation of writers that now occupy public attention had already won their spurs.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading Irving's _Knickerbocker's History of New York_, 1809, was published within the recollection of some yet living, and the venerable poet Richard H. Dana--Irving's junior by only four years--survived to 1879, when the youngest of the generation of writers that now occupy public attention had already won their spurs.

hereadverbUS /hiːr/

in or at this place; where the speaker or writer is

From this reading The attempt to preserve a strictly chronological order must here be abandoned.

HistorynounUS /ˈhɪstəri/

the aggregate of past events

From this reading Irving's _Knickerbocker's History of New York_, 1809, was published within the recollection of some yet living, and the venerable poet Richard H. Dana--Irving's junior by only four years--survived to 1879, when the youngest of the generation of writers that now occupy public attention had already won their spurs.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading About all the American literature in existence that is of any value as _literature_ is the product of the past three quarters of a century, and the men who produced it, though older or younger, were still contemporaries.

Irving'snounUS /ˈɜːrvɪŋz/

possessive form of “irving” — United States writer remembered for his stories (1783-1859)

From this reading Irving's _Knickerbocker's History of New York_, 1809, was published within the recollection of some yet living, and the venerable poet Richard H. Dana--Irving's junior by only four years--survived to 1879, when the youngest of the generation of writers that now occupy public attention had already won their spurs.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading About all the American literature in existence that is of any value as _literature_ is the product of the past three quarters of a century, and the men who produced it, though older or younger, were still contemporaries.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading About all the American literature in existence that is of any value as _literature_ is the product of the past three quarters of a century, and the men who produced it, though older or younger, were still contemporaries.

juniornounUS /ˈdʒuːnjər/

term of address for a disrespectful and annoying male

From this reading Irving's _Knickerbocker's History of New York_, 1809, was published within the recollection of some yet living, and the venerable poet Richard H. Dana--Irving's junior by only four years--survived to 1879, when the youngest of the generation of writers that now occupy public attention had already won their spurs.

Knickerbocker's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Irving's _Knickerbocker's History of New York_, 1809, was published within the recollection of some yet living, and the venerable poet Richard H. Dana--Irving's junior by only four years--survived to 1879, when the youngest of the generation of writers that now occupy public attention had already won their spurs.

literaturenounUS /ˈlɪtərətʃər/

creative writing of recognized artistic value

From this reading About all the American literature in existence that is of any value as _literature_ is the product of the past three quarters of a century, and the men who produced it, though older or younger, were still contemporaries.

livingnounUS /ˈlɪvɪŋ/

the experience of being alive; the course of human events and activities

From this reading Irving's _Knickerbocker's History of New York_, 1809, was published within the recollection of some yet living, and the venerable poet Richard H. Dana--Irving's junior by only four years--survived to 1879, when the youngest of the generation of writers that now occupy public attention had already won their spurs.

mennounUS /men/

the force of workers available

From this reading About all the American literature in existence that is of any value as _literature_ is the product of the past three quarters of a century, and the men who produced it, though older or younger, were still contemporaries.

mustmodal verbUS /mʌst/

used to say something is necessary, or almost certainly true

From this reading The attempt to preserve a strictly chronological order must here be abandoned.

NATIONALadjectiveUS /ˈnæʃənəl/

of or relating to or belonging to a nation or country

From this reading THE ERA OF NATIONAL EXPANSION.

NewadjectiveUS /nuː/

not of long duration; having just (or relatively recently) come into being or been made or acquired or discovered

From this reading Irving's _Knickerbocker's History of New York_, 1809, was published within the recollection of some yet living, and the venerable poet Richard H. Dana--Irving's junior by only four years--survived to 1879, when the youngest of the generation of writers that now occupy public attention had already won their spurs.

nowadverbUS /naʊ/

in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events

From this reading Irving's _Knickerbocker's History of New York_, 1809, was published within the recollection of some yet living, and the venerable poet Richard H. Dana--Irving's junior by only four years--survived to 1879, when the youngest of the generation of writers that now occupy public attention had already won their spurs.

occupyverbUS /ˈɑːkjəpaɪ/

keep busy with

From this reading Irving's _Knickerbocker's History of New York_, 1809, was published within the recollection of some yet living, and the venerable poet Richard H. Dana--Irving's junior by only four years--survived to 1879, when the youngest of the generation of writers that now occupy public attention had already won their spurs.

OFprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading THE ERA OF NATIONAL EXPANSION.

olderadjectiveUS /ˈoʊldər/

advanced in years; (“aged” is pronounced as two syllables)

From this reading About all the American literature in existence that is of any value as _literature_ is the product of the past three quarters of a century, and the men who produced it, though older or younger, were still contemporaries.

onlyadverbUS /ˈoʊnli/

and nothing more

From this reading Irving's _Knickerbocker's History of New York_, 1809, was published within the recollection of some yet living, and the venerable poet Richard H. Dana--Irving's junior by only four years--survived to 1879, when the youngest of the generation of writers that now occupy public attention had already won their spurs.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading About all the American literature in existence that is of any value as _literature_ is the product of the past three quarters of a century, and the men who produced it, though older or younger, were still contemporaries.

ordernounUS /ˈɔːrdər/

(often plural) a command given by a superior (e.g., a military or law enforcement officer) that must be obeyed

From this reading The attempt to preserve a strictly chronological order must here be abandoned.

pastnounUS /pæst/

the time that has elapsed

From this reading About all the American literature in existence that is of any value as _literature_ is the product of the past three quarters of a century, and the men who produced it, though older or younger, were still contemporaries.

poetnounUS /ˈpoʊət/

a writer of poems (the term is usually reserved for writers of good poetry)

From this reading Irving's _Knickerbocker's History of New York_, 1809, was published within the recollection of some yet living, and the venerable poet Richard H. Dana--Irving's junior by only four years--survived to 1879, when the youngest of the generation of writers that now occupy public attention had already won their spurs.

preserveverbUS /prəˈzɜːrv/

keep or maintain in unaltered condition; cause to remain or last

From this reading The attempt to preserve a strictly chronological order must here be abandoned.

producedverbUS /prəˈduːst/

past form of “produce” — bring forth or yield

From this reading About all the American literature in existence that is of any value as _literature_ is the product of the past three quarters of a century, and the men who produced it, though older or younger, were still contemporaries.

productnounUS /ˈprɑːdəkt/

commodities offered for sale

From this reading About all the American literature in existence that is of any value as _literature_ is the product of the past three quarters of a century, and the men who produced it, though older or younger, were still contemporaries.

publicnounUS /ˈpʌblɪk/

people in general considered as a whole

From this reading Irving's _Knickerbocker's History of New York_, 1809, was published within the recollection of some yet living, and the venerable poet Richard H. Dana--Irving's junior by only four years--survived to 1879, when the youngest of the generation of writers that now occupy public attention had already won their spurs.

publishedadjectiveUS /ˈpʌblɪʃt/

prepared and printed for distribution and sale

From this reading Irving's _Knickerbocker's History of New York_, 1809, was published within the recollection of some yet living, and the venerable poet Richard H. Dana--Irving's junior by only four years--survived to 1879, when the youngest of the generation of writers that now occupy public attention had already won their spurs.

quartersnounUS /ˈkwɔːrtərz/

housing available for people to live in

From this reading About all the American literature in existence that is of any value as _literature_ is the product of the past three quarters of a century, and the men who produced it, though older or younger, were still contemporaries.

recollectionnounUS /ˌrekəˈlekʃən/

the ability to recall past occurrences

From this reading Irving's _Knickerbocker's History of New York_, 1809, was published within the recollection of some yet living, and the venerable poet Richard H. Dana--Irving's junior by only four years--survived to 1879, when the youngest of the generation of writers that now occupy public attention had already won their spurs.

Richard

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Irving's _Knickerbocker's History of New York_, 1809, was published within the recollection of some yet living, and the venerable poet Richard H. Dana--Irving's junior by only four years--survived to 1879, when the youngest of the generation of writers that now occupy public attention had already won their spurs.

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading Irving's _Knickerbocker's History of New York_, 1809, was published within the recollection of some yet living, and the venerable poet Richard H. Dana--Irving's junior by only four years--survived to 1879, when the youngest of the generation of writers that now occupy public attention had already won their spurs.

spursnounUS /spɜːrz/

plural of “spur” — a verbalization that encourages you to attempt something

From this reading Irving's _Knickerbocker's History of New York_, 1809, was published within the recollection of some yet living, and the venerable poet Richard H. Dana--Irving's junior by only four years--survived to 1879, when the youngest of the generation of writers that now occupy public attention had already won their spurs.

stilladjectiveUS /stɪl/

not in physical motion

From this reading About all the American literature in existence that is of any value as _literature_ is the product of the past three quarters of a century, and the men who produced it, though older or younger, were still contemporaries.

strictlyadverbUS /ˈstrɪktli/

restricted to something

From this reading The attempt to preserve a strictly chronological order must here be abandoned.

survivedverbUS /sərˈvaɪvd/

past form of “survive” — continue to live and avoid dying

From this reading Irving's _Knickerbocker's History of New York_, 1809, was published within the recollection of some yet living, and the venerable poet Richard H. Dana--Irving's junior by only four years--survived to 1879, when the youngest of the generation of writers that now occupy public attention had already won their spurs.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading About all the American literature in existence that is of any value as _literature_ is the product of the past three quarters of a century, and the men who produced it, though older or younger, were still contemporaries.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading THE ERA OF NATIONAL EXPANSION.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading Irving's _Knickerbocker's History of New York_, 1809, was published within the recollection of some yet living, and the venerable poet Richard H. Dana--Irving's junior by only four years--survived to 1879, when the youngest of the generation of writers that now occupy public attention had already won their spurs.

thoughconjunctionUS /ðoʊ/

in spite of the fact that

From this reading About all the American literature in existence that is of any value as _literature_ is the product of the past three quarters of a century, and the men who produced it, though older or younger, were still contemporaries.

threenounUS /θriː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one and one

From this reading About all the American literature in existence that is of any value as _literature_ is the product of the past three quarters of a century, and the men who produced it, though older or younger, were still contemporaries.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading The attempt to preserve a strictly chronological order must here be abandoned.

valuenounUS /ˈvæljuː/

a numerical quantity measured or assigned or computed

From this reading About all the American literature in existence that is of any value as _literature_ is the product of the past three quarters of a century, and the men who produced it, though older or younger, were still contemporaries.

venerableadjectiveUS /ˈvenərəbəl/

impressive by reason of age

From this reading Irving's _Knickerbocker's History of New York_, 1809, was published within the recollection of some yet living, and the venerable poet Richard H. Dana--Irving's junior by only four years--survived to 1879, when the youngest of the generation of writers that now occupy public attention had already won their spurs.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Irving's _Knickerbocker's History of New York_, 1809, was published within the recollection of some yet living, and the venerable poet Richard H. Dana--Irving's junior by only four years--survived to 1879, when the youngest of the generation of writers that now occupy public attention had already won their spurs.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading About all the American literature in existence that is of any value as _literature_ is the product of the past three quarters of a century, and the men who produced it, though older or younger, were still contemporaries.

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading Irving's _Knickerbocker's History of New York_, 1809, was published within the recollection of some yet living, and the venerable poet Richard H. Dana--Irving's junior by only four years--survived to 1879, when the youngest of the generation of writers that now occupy public attention had already won their spurs.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading About all the American literature in existence that is of any value as _literature_ is the product of the past three quarters of a century, and the men who produced it, though older or younger, were still contemporaries.

withinprepositionUS /wɪˈðɪn/

inside; before a period of time has passed

From this reading Irving's _Knickerbocker's History of New York_, 1809, was published within the recollection of some yet living, and the venerable poet Richard H. Dana--Irving's junior by only four years--survived to 1879, when the youngest of the generation of writers that now occupy public attention had already won their spurs.

wonnounUS /wʌn/

the basic unit of money in South Korea

From this reading Irving's _Knickerbocker's History of New York_, 1809, was published within the recollection of some yet living, and the venerable poet Richard H. Dana--Irving's junior by only four years--survived to 1879, when the youngest of the generation of writers that now occupy public attention had already won their spurs.

writersnounUS /ˈraɪtərz/

plural of “writer” — writes (books or stories or articles or the like) professionally (for pay)

From this reading Irving's _Knickerbocker's History of New York_, 1809, was published within the recollection of some yet living, and the venerable poet Richard H. Dana--Irving's junior by only four years--survived to 1879, when the youngest of the generation of writers that now occupy public attention had already won their spurs.

yearsnounUS /jɪrz/

a late time of life

From this reading Irving's _Knickerbocker's History of New York_, 1809, was published within the recollection of some yet living, and the venerable poet Richard H. Dana--Irving's junior by only four years--survived to 1879, when the youngest of the generation of writers that now occupy public attention had already won their spurs.

yetconjunctionUS /jet/

but in spite of that

From this reading Irving's _Knickerbocker's History of New York_, 1809, was published within the recollection of some yet living, and the venerable poet Richard H. Dana--Irving's junior by only four years--survived to 1879, when the youngest of the generation of writers that now occupy public attention had already won their spurs.

YorknounUS /jɔːrk/

the English royal house (a branch of the Plantagenet line) that reigned from 1461 to 1485; its emblem was a white rose

From this reading Irving's _Knickerbocker's History of New York_, 1809, was published within the recollection of some yet living, and the venerable poet Richard H. Dana--Irving's junior by only four years--survived to 1879, when the youngest of the generation of writers that now occupy public attention had already won their spurs.

youngeradjectiveUS /ˈjʌŋɡər/

used of the younger of two persons of the same name especially used to distinguish a son from his father

From this reading About all the American literature in existence that is of any value as _literature_ is the product of the past three quarters of a century, and the men who produced it, though older or younger, were still contemporaries.

youngestadjectiveUS /ˈjʌŋɡəst/

superlative of “young” — (used of living things especially persons) in an early period of life or development or growth

From this reading Irving's _Knickerbocker's History of New York_, 1809, was published within the recollection of some yet living, and the venerable poet Richard H. Dana--Irving's junior by only four years--survived to 1879, when the youngest of the generation of writers that now occupy public attention had already won their spurs.

Chapter 3 of Initial Studies in American Letters by Henry A. (Henry Augustin) Beers holds 326 sentences, grouped into 66 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

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Chapter 3 holds 326 sentences of Initial Studies in American Letters, unabridged, divided into 66 reading sections.

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