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Innocent
Innocent

Chapter IV

Chapter 4 of Innocent is here in full — 180 sentences across 36 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/36 · 5 lines
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FREDERICK’S WAY.
Frederick Eastwood had leave for a fortnight from his office.
He was not hardworked, as a rule.
Leave was dispensed freely enough, without any very profound investigation into the urgent affairs which demanded it.
The men at the Sealing Wax Office were something like their contemporaries of the Household Brigade, and were allowed much leisure to make up for the severe mental strain which their duties, so long as they lasted, imposed upon them.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Innocent

Chapter IV

Chapter 4 of Innocent is here in full — 180 sentences across 36 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/36 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
FREDERICK’S WAY.
/ˈfredrɪks weɪ/
Line 2
Frederick Eastwood had leave for a fortnight from his office.
Line 3
He was not hardworked, as a rule.
Line 4
Leave was dispensed freely enough, without any very profound investigation into the urgent affairs which demanded it.
/liːv wɑːz dɪˈspenst ˈfriːli ɪˈnʌf wɪˈθaʊt ˈeni ˈveri proʊˈfaʊnd ˌɪnvestəˈɡeɪʃən ˈɪntuː ðə ˈɜːrdʒənt əˈferz wɪtʃ dɪˈmændəd ɪt/
Line 5
The men at the Sealing Wax Office were something like their contemporaries of the Household Brigade, and were allowed much leisure to make up for the severe mental strain which their duties, so long as they lasted, imposed upon them.
/ðə men æt ðə ˈsiːlɪŋ wæks ˈɔːfɪs wɜːr ˈsʌmθɪŋ laɪk ðer kənˈtempəreriz ʌv ðə ˈhaʊshoʊld brəˈɡeɪd ənd wɜːr əˈlaʊd mʌtʃ ˈleʒər tuː meɪk ʌp fɔːr ðə səˈvɪr ˈmentəl streɪn wɪtʃ ðer ˈduːtiz soʊ lɔːŋ æz ðeɪ ˈlæstəd ˌɪmˈpoʊzd əˈpɑːn ðem/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

Brigade noun US /brəˈɡeɪd/

army unit smaller than a division

From this reading “The men at the Sealing Wax Office were something like their contemporaries of the Household Brigade, and were allowed much leisure to make up for the severe mental strain which their duties, so long as they lasted, imposed upon them.”

contemporaries noun US /kənˈtempəreriz/

all the people living at the same time or of approximately the same age

From this reading “The men at the Sealing Wax Office were something like their contemporaries of the Household Brigade, and were allowed much leisure to make up for the severe mental strain which their duties, so long as they lasted, imposed upon them.”

dispensed adjective US /dɪˈspenst/

distributed or weighted out in carefully determined portions

From this reading “Leave was dispensed freely enough, without any very profound investigation into the urgent affairs which demanded it.”

frederick's noun US /ˈfredrɪks/

possessive form of “frederick” — a town in northern Maryland to the west of Baltimore

imposed adjective US /ˌɪmˈpoʊzd/

set forth authoritatively as obligatory

From this reading “The men at the Sealing Wax Office were something like their contemporaries of the Household Brigade, and were allowed much leisure to make up for the severe mental strain which their duties, so long as they lasted, imposed upon them.”

investigation noun US /ˌɪnvestəˈɡeɪʃən/

an inquiry into unfamiliar or questionable activities

From this reading “Leave was dispensed freely enough, without any very profound investigation into the urgent affairs which demanded it.”

Sealing noun US /ˈsiːlɪŋ/

the act of treating something to make it repel water

From this reading “The men at the Sealing Wax Office were something like their contemporaries of the Household Brigade, and were allowed much leisure to make up for the severe mental strain which their duties, so long as they lasted, imposed upon them.”

urgent adjective US /ˈɜːrdʒənt/

compelling immediate action

From this reading “Leave was dispensed freely enough, without any very profound investigation into the urgent affairs which demanded it.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

mental strain adjective + noun

(psychology) nervousness resulting from mental stress

In this reading “The men at the Sealing Wax Office were something like their contemporaries of the Household Brigade, and were allowed much leisure to make up for the severe mental strain which their duties, so long as they lasted, imposed upon them.”

for a fortnight preposition + article + noun counted as “for … fortnight”

In this reading “Frederick Eastwood had leave for a fortnight from his office.”

make up verb + adjective

form or compose

In this reading “The men at the Sealing Wax Office were something like their contemporaries of the Household Brigade, and were allowed much leisure to make up for the severe mental strain which their duties, so long as they lasted, imposed upon them.”

All words in this reading · 63

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Frederick Eastwood had leave for a fortnight from his office.

affairsnounUS /əˈferz/

matters of personal concern

From this reading Leave was dispensed freely enough, without any very profound investigation into the urgent affairs which demanded it.

allowedverbUS /əˈlaʊd/

past form of “allow” — make it possible through a specific action or lack of action for something to happen

From this reading The men at the Sealing Wax Office were something like their contemporaries of the Household Brigade, and were allowed much leisure to make up for the severe mental strain which their duties, so long as they lasted, imposed upon them.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading The men at the Sealing Wax Office were something like their contemporaries of the Household Brigade, and were allowed much leisure to make up for the severe mental strain which their duties, so long as they lasted, imposed upon them.

anyadjectiveUS /ˈeni/

one or some or every or all without specification

From this reading Leave was dispensed freely enough, without any very profound investigation into the urgent affairs which demanded it.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading He was not hardworked, as a rule.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading The men at the Sealing Wax Office were something like their contemporaries of the Household Brigade, and were allowed much leisure to make up for the severe mental strain which their duties, so long as they lasted, imposed upon them.

BrigadenounUS /brəˈɡeɪd/

army unit smaller than a division

From this reading The men at the Sealing Wax Office were something like their contemporaries of the Household Brigade, and were allowed much leisure to make up for the severe mental strain which their duties, so long as they lasted, imposed upon them.

contemporariesnounUS /kənˈtempəreriz/

all the people living at the same time or of approximately the same age

From this reading The men at the Sealing Wax Office were something like their contemporaries of the Household Brigade, and were allowed much leisure to make up for the severe mental strain which their duties, so long as they lasted, imposed upon them.

demandedverbUS /dɪˈmændəd/

past form of “demand” — request urgently and forcefully

From this reading Leave was dispensed freely enough, without any very profound investigation into the urgent affairs which demanded it.

dispensedadjectiveUS /dɪˈspenst/

distributed or weighted out in carefully determined portions

From this reading Leave was dispensed freely enough, without any very profound investigation into the urgent affairs which demanded it.

dutiesnounUS /ˈduːtiz/

plural of “duty” — the social force that binds you to the courses of action demanded by that force

From this reading The men at the Sealing Wax Office were something like their contemporaries of the Household Brigade, and were allowed much leisure to make up for the severe mental strain which their duties, so long as they lasted, imposed upon them.

Eastwood

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Frederick Eastwood had leave for a fortnight from his office.

enoughnounUS /ɪˈnʌf/

an adequate quantity; a quantity that is large enough to achieve a purpose

From this reading Leave was dispensed freely enough, without any very profound investigation into the urgent affairs which demanded it.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading Frederick Eastwood had leave for a fortnight from his office.

fortnightnounUS /ˈfɔːrtnaɪt/

a period of fourteen consecutive days

From this reading Frederick Eastwood had leave for a fortnight from his office.

FredericknounUS /ˈfredrɪk/

a town in northern Maryland to the west of Baltimore

From this reading Frederick Eastwood had leave for a fortnight from his office.

FREDERICK'SnounUS /ˈfredrɪks/

possessive form of “frederick” — a town in northern Maryland to the west of Baltimore

From this reading FREDERICK’S WAY.

freelyadverbUS /ˈfriːli/

in a free manner

From this reading Leave was dispensed freely enough, without any very profound investigation into the urgent affairs which demanded it.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading Frederick Eastwood had leave for a fortnight from his office.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading Frederick Eastwood had leave for a fortnight from his office.

hardworked

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He was not hardworked, as a rule.

HepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading He was not hardworked, as a rule.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading Frederick Eastwood had leave for a fortnight from his office.

HouseholdnounUS /ˈhaʊshoʊld/

a social unit living together

From this reading The men at the Sealing Wax Office were something like their contemporaries of the Household Brigade, and were allowed much leisure to make up for the severe mental strain which their duties, so long as they lasted, imposed upon them.

imposedadjectiveUS /ˌɪmˈpoʊzd/

set forth authoritatively as obligatory

From this reading The men at the Sealing Wax Office were something like their contemporaries of the Household Brigade, and were allowed much leisure to make up for the severe mental strain which their duties, so long as they lasted, imposed upon them.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading Leave was dispensed freely enough, without any very profound investigation into the urgent affairs which demanded it.

investigationnounUS /ˌɪnvestəˈɡeɪʃən/

an inquiry into unfamiliar or questionable activities

From this reading Leave was dispensed freely enough, without any very profound investigation into the urgent affairs which demanded it.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading Leave was dispensed freely enough, without any very profound investigation into the urgent affairs which demanded it.

lastedverbUS /ˈlæstəd/

past form of “last” — persist for a specified period of time

From this reading The men at the Sealing Wax Office were something like their contemporaries of the Household Brigade, and were allowed much leisure to make up for the severe mental strain which their duties, so long as they lasted, imposed upon them.

leaveverbUS /liːv/

go away from a place

From this reading Frederick Eastwood had leave for a fortnight from his office.

leisurenounUS /ˈleʒər/

time available for ease and relaxation

From this reading The men at the Sealing Wax Office were something like their contemporaries of the Household Brigade, and were allowed much leisure to make up for the severe mental strain which their duties, so long as they lasted, imposed upon them.

likeverbUS /laɪk/

prefer or wish to do something

From this reading The men at the Sealing Wax Office were something like their contemporaries of the Household Brigade, and were allowed much leisure to make up for the severe mental strain which their duties, so long as they lasted, imposed upon them.

longadjectiveUS /lɔːŋ/

primarily temporal sense; being or indicating a relatively great or greater than average duration or passage of time or a duration as specified

From this reading The men at the Sealing Wax Office were something like their contemporaries of the Household Brigade, and were allowed much leisure to make up for the severe mental strain which their duties, so long as they lasted, imposed upon them.

makeverbUS /meɪk/

engage in

From this reading The men at the Sealing Wax Office were something like their contemporaries of the Household Brigade, and were allowed much leisure to make up for the severe mental strain which their duties, so long as they lasted, imposed upon them.

mennounUS /men/

the force of workers available

From this reading The men at the Sealing Wax Office were something like their contemporaries of the Household Brigade, and were allowed much leisure to make up for the severe mental strain which their duties, so long as they lasted, imposed upon them.

mentaladjectiveUS /ˈmentəl/

involving the mind or an intellectual process

From this reading The men at the Sealing Wax Office were something like their contemporaries of the Household Brigade, and were allowed much leisure to make up for the severe mental strain which their duties, so long as they lasted, imposed upon them.

muchadverbUS /mʌtʃ/

to a great degree or extent

From this reading The men at the Sealing Wax Office were something like their contemporaries of the Household Brigade, and were allowed much leisure to make up for the severe mental strain which their duties, so long as they lasted, imposed upon them.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading He was not hardworked, as a rule.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading The men at the Sealing Wax Office were something like their contemporaries of the Household Brigade, and were allowed much leisure to make up for the severe mental strain which their duties, so long as they lasted, imposed upon them.

officenounUS /ˈɔːfɪs/

place of business where professional or clerical duties are performed

From this reading Frederick Eastwood had leave for a fortnight from his office.

profoundadjectiveUS /proʊˈfaʊnd/

showing intellectual penetration or emotional depth

From this reading Leave was dispensed freely enough, without any very profound investigation into the urgent affairs which demanded it.

rulenounUS /ruːl/

a principle or condition that customarily governs behavior

From this reading He was not hardworked, as a rule.

SealingnounUS /ˈsiːlɪŋ/

the act of treating something to make it repel water

From this reading The men at the Sealing Wax Office were something like their contemporaries of the Household Brigade, and were allowed much leisure to make up for the severe mental strain which their duties, so long as they lasted, imposed upon them.

severeadjectiveUS /səˈvɪr/

intensely or extremely bad or unpleasant in degree or quality

From this reading The men at the Sealing Wax Office were something like their contemporaries of the Household Brigade, and were allowed much leisure to make up for the severe mental strain which their duties, so long as they lasted, imposed upon them.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading The men at the Sealing Wax Office were something like their contemporaries of the Household Brigade, and were allowed much leisure to make up for the severe mental strain which their duties, so long as they lasted, imposed upon them.

somethingpronounUS /ˈsʌmθɪŋ/

a thing, without saying which

From this reading The men at the Sealing Wax Office were something like their contemporaries of the Household Brigade, and were allowed much leisure to make up for the severe mental strain which their duties, so long as they lasted, imposed upon them.

strainnounUS /streɪn/

(physics) deformation of a physical body under the action of applied forces

From this reading The men at the Sealing Wax Office were something like their contemporaries of the Household Brigade, and were allowed much leisure to make up for the severe mental strain which their duties, so long as they lasted, imposed upon them.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Leave was dispensed freely enough, without any very profound investigation into the urgent affairs which demanded it.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading The men at the Sealing Wax Office were something like their contemporaries of the Household Brigade, and were allowed much leisure to make up for the severe mental strain which their duties, so long as they lasted, imposed upon them.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading The men at the Sealing Wax Office were something like their contemporaries of the Household Brigade, and were allowed much leisure to make up for the severe mental strain which their duties, so long as they lasted, imposed upon them.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading The men at the Sealing Wax Office were something like their contemporaries of the Household Brigade, and were allowed much leisure to make up for the severe mental strain which their duties, so long as they lasted, imposed upon them.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading The men at the Sealing Wax Office were something like their contemporaries of the Household Brigade, and were allowed much leisure to make up for the severe mental strain which their duties, so long as they lasted, imposed upon them.

upadjectiveUS /ʌp/

being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level

From this reading The men at the Sealing Wax Office were something like their contemporaries of the Household Brigade, and were allowed much leisure to make up for the severe mental strain which their duties, so long as they lasted, imposed upon them.

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading The men at the Sealing Wax Office were something like their contemporaries of the Household Brigade, and were allowed much leisure to make up for the severe mental strain which their duties, so long as they lasted, imposed upon them.

urgentadjectiveUS /ˈɜːrdʒənt/

compelling immediate action

From this reading Leave was dispensed freely enough, without any very profound investigation into the urgent affairs which demanded it.

veryadjectiveUS /ˈveri/

precisely as stated

From this reading Leave was dispensed freely enough, without any very profound investigation into the urgent affairs which demanded it.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading He was not hardworked, as a rule.

WaxverbUS /wæks/

cover with wax

From this reading The men at the Sealing Wax Office were something like their contemporaries of the Household Brigade, and were allowed much leisure to make up for the severe mental strain which their duties, so long as they lasted, imposed upon them.

WAYnounUS /weɪ/

how something is done or how it happens

From this reading FREDERICK’S WAY.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading The men at the Sealing Wax Office were something like their contemporaries of the Household Brigade, and were allowed much leisure to make up for the severe mental strain which their duties, so long as they lasted, imposed upon them.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading Leave was dispensed freely enough, without any very profound investigation into the urgent affairs which demanded it.

withoutprepositionUS /wɪˈθaʊt/

not having, not using, or not accompanied by

From this reading Leave was dispensed freely enough, without any very profound investigation into the urgent affairs which demanded it.

Chapter 4 of Innocent by Mrs. (Margaret) Oliphant holds 180 sentences, grouped into 36 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 4 of Innocent contain?

Chapter 4 holds 180 sentences of Innocent, unabridged, divided into 36 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 4 of Innocent by Mrs. (Margaret) Oliphant exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 180 sentences, grouped into 36 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 4 of Innocent?

Work through the 36 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 36 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 4 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 4 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Innocent

Common questions about reading Innocent by Mrs. (Margaret) Oliphant on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Innocent?

Yes. All 0 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #? are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Innocent is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #?, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Innocent take to read?

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  1. Open a chapter

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Vocabulary met early in Innocent

Words and structures a reader meets early in Innocent, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Chapter 1
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Chapter 2
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Chapter 3
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