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I.N.R.I.: A prisoner's Story of the Cross
I.N.R.I.: A prisoner's Story of the Cross

Chapter XXI · Chapter 21

Chapter 21 of I.N.R.I.: A prisoner's Story of the Cross is here in full — 205 sentences across 41 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/41 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
Galilee was rich in poor men and poor in rich men.
And it might have been thought that Jesus, the friend of the poor, was the right man in the right place there.
And yet His teaching took no hold in that land.
A few rich men among a multitude of poor have all the more power because they are few, and they used all their influence with the people to dethrone the Prophet from His height, and to undermine His career.
These illustrious men found their best tools in the Rabbis, who circulated the sophism that the people who followed the teaching of this man must quickly come to ruin.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

I.N.R.I.: A prisoner's Story of the Cross

Chapter XXI · Chapter 21

Chapter 21 of I.N.R.I.: A prisoner's Story of the Cross is here in full — 205 sentences across 41 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/41 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Galilee was rich in poor men and poor in rich men.
/ˈɡæləliː wɑːz rɪtʃ ɪn puːr men ənd puːr ɪn rɪtʃ men/
Line 2
And it might have been thought that Jesus, the friend of the poor, was the right man in the right place there.
/ənd ɪt maɪt hæv bɪn θɔːt ðæt ˈdʒiːzəs ðə frend ʌv ðə puːr wɑːz ðə raɪt mæn ɪn ðə raɪt pleɪs ðer/
Line 3
And yet His teaching took no hold in that land.
/ənd jet hɪz ˈtiːtʃɪŋ tʊk noʊ hoʊld ɪn ðæt lænd/
Line 4
A few rich men among a multitude of poor have all the more power because they are few, and they used all their influence with the people to dethrone the Prophet from His height, and to undermine His career.
/ə fjuː rɪtʃ men əˈmʌŋ ə ˈmʌltətuːd ʌv puːr hæv ɔːl ðə mɔːr ˈpaʊər bɪˈkɔːz ðeɪ ɑːr fjuː ənd ðeɪ juːzd ɔːl ðer ˈɪnfluːəns wɪð ðə ˈpiːpəl tuː dɪˈθroʊn ðə ˈprɑːfət frʌm hɪz haɪt ənd tuː ˈʌndərmaɪn hɪz kərˈɪr/
Line 5
These illustrious men found their best tools in the Rabbis, who circulated the sophism that the people who followed the teaching of this man must quickly come to ruin.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

circulated verb US /ˈsɜːrkjəleɪtɪd/

past form of “circulate” — become widely known and passed on

From this reading “These illustrious men found their best tools in the Rabbis, who circulated the sophism that the people who followed the teaching of this man must quickly come to ruin.”

dethrone verb US /dɪˈθroʊn/

remove a monarch from the throne

From this reading “A few rich men among a multitude of poor have all the more power because they are few, and they used all their influence with the people to dethrone the Prophet from His height, and to undermine His career.”

Galilee noun US /ˈɡæləliː/

an area of northern Israel; formerly the northern part of Palestine and the ancient kingdom of Israel; the scene of Jesus's ministry

From this reading “Galilee was rich in poor men and poor in rich men.”

illustrious adjective US /ˌɪˈlʌstriəs/

widely known and esteemed

From this reading “These illustrious men found their best tools in the Rabbis, who circulated the sophism that the people who followed the teaching of this man must quickly come to ruin.”

Jesus noun US /ˈdʒiːzəs/

a teacher and prophet born in Bethlehem and active in Nazareth; his life and sermons form the basis for Christianity (circa 4 BC - AD 29)

From this reading “And it might have been thought that Jesus, the friend of the poor, was the right man in the right place there.”

Rabbis noun US /ˈræbaɪz/

plural of “rabbi” — spiritual leader of a Jewish congregation; qualified to expound and apply Jewish law

From this reading “These illustrious men found their best tools in the Rabbis, who circulated the sophism that the people who followed the teaching of this man must quickly come to ruin.”

tools noun US /tuːlz/

plural of “tool” — an implement used in the practice of a vocation

From this reading “These illustrious men found their best tools in the Rabbis, who circulated the sophism that the people who followed the teaching of this man must quickly come to ruin.”

undermine verb US /ˈʌndərmaɪn/

destroy property or hinder normal operations

From this reading “A few rich men among a multitude of poor have all the more power because they are few, and they used all their influence with the people to dethrone the Prophet from His height, and to undermine His career.”

All words in this reading · 65

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

AdeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading A few rich men among a multitude of poor have all the more power because they are few, and they used all their influence with the people to dethrone the Prophet from His height, and to undermine His career.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading A few rich men among a multitude of poor have all the more power because they are few, and they used all their influence with the people to dethrone the Prophet from His height, and to undermine His career.

amongprepositionUS /əˈmʌŋ/

surrounded by; in the middle of a group

From this reading A few rich men among a multitude of poor have all the more power because they are few, and they used all their influence with the people to dethrone the Prophet from His height, and to undermine His career.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Galilee was rich in poor men and poor in rich men.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading A few rich men among a multitude of poor have all the more power because they are few, and they used all their influence with the people to dethrone the Prophet from His height, and to undermine His career.

becauseconjunctionUS /bɪˈkɔːz/

for the reason that

From this reading A few rich men among a multitude of poor have all the more power because they are few, and they used all their influence with the people to dethrone the Prophet from His height, and to undermine His career.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading And it might have been thought that Jesus, the friend of the poor, was the right man in the right place there.

bestnounUS /best/

the supreme effort one can make

From this reading These illustrious men found their best tools in the Rabbis, who circulated the sophism that the people who followed the teaching of this man must quickly come to ruin.

careernounUS /kərˈɪr/

the particular occupation for which you are trained

From this reading A few rich men among a multitude of poor have all the more power because they are few, and they used all their influence with the people to dethrone the Prophet from His height, and to undermine His career.

circulatedverbUS /ˈsɜːrkjəleɪtɪd/

past form of “circulate” — become widely known and passed on

From this reading These illustrious men found their best tools in the Rabbis, who circulated the sophism that the people who followed the teaching of this man must quickly come to ruin.

comeverbUS /kʌm/

move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody

From this reading These illustrious men found their best tools in the Rabbis, who circulated the sophism that the people who followed the teaching of this man must quickly come to ruin.

dethroneverbUS /dɪˈθroʊn/

remove a monarch from the throne

From this reading A few rich men among a multitude of poor have all the more power because they are few, and they used all their influence with the people to dethrone the Prophet from His height, and to undermine His career.

fewadjectiveUS /fjuː/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “a”; a small but indefinite number

From this reading A few rich men among a multitude of poor have all the more power because they are few, and they used all their influence with the people to dethrone the Prophet from His height, and to undermine His career.

followedverbUS /ˈfɑːloʊd/

past form of “follow” — to travel behind, go after, come after

From this reading These illustrious men found their best tools in the Rabbis, who circulated the sophism that the people who followed the teaching of this man must quickly come to ruin.

foundverbUS /faʊnd/

set up or found

From this reading These illustrious men found their best tools in the Rabbis, who circulated the sophism that the people who followed the teaching of this man must quickly come to ruin.

friendnounUS /frend/

a person you know well and regard with affection and trust

From this reading And it might have been thought that Jesus, the friend of the poor, was the right man in the right place there.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading A few rich men among a multitude of poor have all the more power because they are few, and they used all their influence with the people to dethrone the Prophet from His height, and to undermine His career.

GalileenounUS /ˈɡæləliː/

an area of northern Israel; formerly the northern part of Palestine and the ancient kingdom of Israel; the scene of Jesus's ministry

From this reading Galilee was rich in poor men and poor in rich men.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading And it might have been thought that Jesus, the friend of the poor, was the right man in the right place there.

heightnounUS /haɪt/

the vertical dimension of extension; distance from the base of something to the top

From this reading A few rich men among a multitude of poor have all the more power because they are few, and they used all their influence with the people to dethrone the Prophet from His height, and to undermine His career.

HisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading And yet His teaching took no hold in that land.

holdverbUS /hoʊld/

cause to continue in a certain state, position, or activity; e.g., “keep clean”

From this reading And yet His teaching took no hold in that land.

illustriousadjectiveUS /ˌɪˈlʌstriəs/

widely known and esteemed

From this reading These illustrious men found their best tools in the Rabbis, who circulated the sophism that the people who followed the teaching of this man must quickly come to ruin.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Galilee was rich in poor men and poor in rich men.

influencenounUS /ˈɪnfluːəns/

a power to affect persons or events especially power based on prestige etc

From this reading A few rich men among a multitude of poor have all the more power because they are few, and they used all their influence with the people to dethrone the Prophet from His height, and to undermine His career.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading And it might have been thought that Jesus, the friend of the poor, was the right man in the right place there.

JesusnounUS /ˈdʒiːzəs/

a teacher and prophet born in Bethlehem and active in Nazareth; his life and sermons form the basis for Christianity (circa 4 BC - AD 29)

From this reading And it might have been thought that Jesus, the friend of the poor, was the right man in the right place there.

landnounUS /lænd/

the land on which real estate is located

From this reading And yet His teaching took no hold in that land.

mannounUS /mæn/

an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)

From this reading And it might have been thought that Jesus, the friend of the poor, was the right man in the right place there.

mennounUS /men/

the force of workers available

From this reading Galilee was rich in poor men and poor in rich men.

mightmodal verbUS /maɪt/

used to say something is possible but not certain

From this reading And it might have been thought that Jesus, the friend of the poor, was the right man in the right place there.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading A few rich men among a multitude of poor have all the more power because they are few, and they used all their influence with the people to dethrone the Prophet from His height, and to undermine His career.

multitudenounUS /ˈmʌltətuːd/

a large indefinite number

From this reading A few rich men among a multitude of poor have all the more power because they are few, and they used all their influence with the people to dethrone the Prophet from His height, and to undermine His career.

mustmodal verbUS /mʌst/

used to say something is necessary, or almost certainly true

From this reading These illustrious men found their best tools in the Rabbis, who circulated the sophism that the people who followed the teaching of this man must quickly come to ruin.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading And yet His teaching took no hold in that land.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading And it might have been thought that Jesus, the friend of the poor, was the right man in the right place there.

peoplenounUS /ˈpiːpəl/

(plural) any group of human beings (men or women or children) collectively

From this reading A few rich men among a multitude of poor have all the more power because they are few, and they used all their influence with the people to dethrone the Prophet from His height, and to undermine His career.

placenounUS /pleɪs/

a point located with respect to surface features of some region

From this reading And it might have been thought that Jesus, the friend of the poor, was the right man in the right place there.

pooradjectiveUS /puːr/

deserving or inciting pity

From this reading Galilee was rich in poor men and poor in rich men.

powernounUS /ˈpaʊər/

possession of controlling influence

From this reading A few rich men among a multitude of poor have all the more power because they are few, and they used all their influence with the people to dethrone the Prophet from His height, and to undermine His career.

ProphetnounUS /ˈprɑːfət/

an authoritative person who divines the future

From this reading A few rich men among a multitude of poor have all the more power because they are few, and they used all their influence with the people to dethrone the Prophet from His height, and to undermine His career.

quicklyadverbUS /ˈkwɪkli/

with speed

From this reading These illustrious men found their best tools in the Rabbis, who circulated the sophism that the people who followed the teaching of this man must quickly come to ruin.

RabbisnounUS /ˈræbaɪz/

plural of “rabbi” — spiritual leader of a Jewish congregation; qualified to expound and apply Jewish law

From this reading These illustrious men found their best tools in the Rabbis, who circulated the sophism that the people who followed the teaching of this man must quickly come to ruin.

richadjectiveUS /rɪtʃ/

possessing material wealth

From this reading Galilee was rich in poor men and poor in rich men.

rightadverbUS /raɪt/

precisely, exactly

From this reading And it might have been thought that Jesus, the friend of the poor, was the right man in the right place there.

ruinnounUS /ˈruːən/

an irrecoverable state of devastation and destruction

From this reading These illustrious men found their best tools in the Rabbis, who circulated the sophism that the people who followed the teaching of this man must quickly come to ruin.

sophismnoun

a deliberately invalid argument displaying ingenuity in reasoning in the hope of deceiving someone

From this reading These illustrious men found their best tools in the Rabbis, who circulated the sophism that the people who followed the teaching of this man must quickly come to ruin.

teachingnounUS /ˈtiːtʃɪŋ/

the profession of a teacher

From this reading And yet His teaching took no hold in that land.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading And it might have been thought that Jesus, the friend of the poor, was the right man in the right place there.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading And it might have been thought that Jesus, the friend of the poor, was the right man in the right place there.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading A few rich men among a multitude of poor have all the more power because they are few, and they used all their influence with the people to dethrone the Prophet from His height, and to undermine His career.

thereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading And it might have been thought that Jesus, the friend of the poor, was the right man in the right place there.

ThesedeterminerUS /ðiːz/

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading These illustrious men found their best tools in the Rabbis, who circulated the sophism that the people who followed the teaching of this man must quickly come to ruin.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading A few rich men among a multitude of poor have all the more power because they are few, and they used all their influence with the people to dethrone the Prophet from His height, and to undermine His career.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading These illustrious men found their best tools in the Rabbis, who circulated the sophism that the people who followed the teaching of this man must quickly come to ruin.

thoughtnounUS /θɔːt/

the content of cognition; the main thing you are thinking about

From this reading And it might have been thought that Jesus, the friend of the poor, was the right man in the right place there.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading A few rich men among a multitude of poor have all the more power because they are few, and they used all their influence with the people to dethrone the Prophet from His height, and to undermine His career.

tookverbUS /tʊk/

inflected form of “take” — carry out

From this reading And yet His teaching took no hold in that land.

toolsnounUS /tuːlz/

plural of “tool” — an implement used in the practice of a vocation

From this reading These illustrious men found their best tools in the Rabbis, who circulated the sophism that the people who followed the teaching of this man must quickly come to ruin.

undermineverbUS /ˈʌndərmaɪn/

destroy property or hinder normal operations

From this reading A few rich men among a multitude of poor have all the more power because they are few, and they used all their influence with the people to dethrone the Prophet from His height, and to undermine His career.

usedadjectiveUS /juːzd/

employed in accomplishing something

From this reading A few rich men among a multitude of poor have all the more power because they are few, and they used all their influence with the people to dethrone the Prophet from His height, and to undermine His career.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Galilee was rich in poor men and poor in rich men.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading These illustrious men found their best tools in the Rabbis, who circulated the sophism that the people who followed the teaching of this man must quickly come to ruin.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading A few rich men among a multitude of poor have all the more power because they are few, and they used all their influence with the people to dethrone the Prophet from His height, and to undermine His career.

yetconjunctionUS /jet/

but in spite of that

From this reading And yet His teaching took no hold in that land.

Chapter 21 of I.N.R.I.: A prisoner's Story of the Cross by Peter Rosegger holds 205 sentences, grouped into 41 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 21 of I.N.R.I.: A prisoner's Story of the Cross contain?

Chapter 21 holds 205 sentences of I.N.R.I.: A prisoner's Story of the Cross, unabridged, divided into 41 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 21 of I.N.R.I.: A prisoner's Story of the Cross by Peter Rosegger exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 205 sentences, grouped into 41 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 21 of I.N.R.I.: A prisoner's Story of the Cross?

Work through the 41 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 41 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 21 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 21 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

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Vocabulary met early in I.N.R.I.: A prisoner's Story of the Cross

Words and structures a reader meets early in I.N.R.I.: A prisoner's Story of the Cross, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Chapter 1
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Chapter 3
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