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Into the Primitive
Into the Primitive

Chapter XXI

Chapter 21 of Into the Primitive is here in full — 137 sentences across 28 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/27 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
WRECKAGE AND SALVAGE All the wood in the cleft was sodden from the fierce downpour that had accompanied the cyclone; all the cleft bottom other than the bare ledges was a bed of mud; everything without the tree-cave had been either blown away or heaped with broken boughs and mud-spattered rubbish.
But the girl had far too much to think about to feel any concern over the mere damage and destruction of things.
It was rather a relief to find something that called for work.
Not being able to find dry fuel, she gathered a quantity of the least sodden of the twigs and branches, and spread them out on a ledge in the clear sunshine.
While her firewood was drying, she scraped away the mud and litter heaped upon her rude hearth.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Into the Primitive

Chapter XXI

Chapter 21 of Into the Primitive is here in full — 137 sentences across 28 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/27 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
WRECKAGE AND SALVAGE All the wood in the cleft was sodden from the fierce downpour that had accompanied the cyclone; all the cleft bottom other than the bare ledges was a bed of mud; everything without the tree-cave had been either blown away or heaped with broken boughs and mud-spattered rubbish.
Line 2
But the girl had far too much to think about to feel any concern over the mere damage and destruction of things.
/bʌt ðə ɡɜːrl hæd fɑːr tuː mʌtʃ tuː θɪŋk əˈbaʊt tuː fiːl ˈeni kənˈsɜːrn ˈoʊvər ðə mɪr ˈdæmədʒ ənd dɪˈstrʌkʃən ʌv θɪŋz/
Line 3
It was rather a relief to find something that called for work.
/ɪt wɑːz ˈræðər ə rɪˈliːf tuː faɪnd ˈsʌmθɪŋ ðæt kɔːld fɔːr wɜːrk/
Line 4
Not being able to find dry fuel, she gathered a quantity of the least sodden of the twigs and branches, and spread them out on a ledge in the clear sunshine.
/nɑːt ˈbiːɪŋ ˈeɪbəl tuː faɪnd draɪ ˈfjuːəl ʃiː ˈɡæðərd ə ˈkwɑːntəti ʌv ðə liːst ˈsɑːdən ʌv ðə twɪɡz ənd ˈbræntʃəz ənd spred ðem aʊt ɑːn ə ledʒ ɪn ðə klɪr ˈsʌnʃaɪn/
Line 5
While her firewood was drying, she scraped away the mud and litter heaped upon her rude hearth.
/waɪl hɜːr ˈfaɪərwʊd wɑːz ˈdraɪɪŋ ʃiː skreɪpt əˈweɪ ðə mʌd ənd ˈlɪtər hiːpt əˈpɑːn hɜːr ruːd hɑːrθ/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

cyclone noun US /sɪˈkloʊn/

(meteorology) rapid inward circulation of air masses about a low pressure center; circling counterclockwise in the northern hemisphere and clockwise in the southern

From this reading “WRECKAGE AND SALVAGE All the wood in the cleft was sodden from the fierce downpour that had accompanied the cyclone; all the cleft bottom other than the bare ledges was a bed of mud; everything without the tree-cave had been either blown away or heaped with broken boughs and mud-spattered rubbish.”

downpour noun US /ˈdaʊnpɔːr/

a heavy rain

From this reading “WRECKAGE AND SALVAGE All the wood in the cleft was sodden from the fierce downpour that had accompanied the cyclone; all the cleft bottom other than the bare ledges was a bed of mud; everything without the tree-cave had been either blown away or heaped with broken boughs and mud-spattered rubbish.”

firewood noun US /ˈfaɪərwʊd/

wood used for fuel

From this reading “While her firewood was drying, she scraped away the mud and litter heaped upon her rude hearth.”

ledges noun US /ˈledʒɪz/

plural of “ledge” — a projecting ridge on a mountain or submerged under water

From this reading “WRECKAGE AND SALVAGE All the wood in the cleft was sodden from the fierce downpour that had accompanied the cyclone; all the cleft bottom other than the bare ledges was a bed of mud; everything without the tree-cave had been either blown away or heaped with broken boughs and mud-spattered rubbish.”

salvage verb US /ˈsælvədʒ/

save from ruin, destruction, or harm

From this reading “WRECKAGE AND SALVAGE All the wood in the cleft was sodden from the fierce downpour that had accompanied the cyclone; all the cleft bottom other than the bare ledges was a bed of mud; everything without the tree-cave had been either blown away or heaped with broken boughs and mud-spattered rubbish.”

scraped verb US /skreɪpt/

past form of “scrape” — scratch repeatedly

From this reading “While her firewood was drying, she scraped away the mud and litter heaped upon her rude hearth.”

sodden adjective US /ˈsɑːdən/

wet through and through; thoroughly wet

From this reading “WRECKAGE AND SALVAGE All the wood in the cleft was sodden from the fierce downpour that had accompanied the cyclone; all the cleft bottom other than the bare ledges was a bed of mud; everything without the tree-cave had been either blown away or heaped with broken boughs and mud-spattered rubbish.”

wreckage noun US /ˈrekədʒ/

the remaining parts of something that has been wrecked

From this reading “WRECKAGE AND SALVAGE All the wood in the cleft was sodden from the fierce downpour that had accompanied the cyclone; all the cleft bottom other than the bare ledges was a bed of mud; everything without the tree-cave had been either blown away or heaped with broken boughs and mud-spattered rubbish.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

scraped away verb + particle counted as “scrape away”

In this reading “While her firewood was drying, she scraped away the mud and litter heaped upon her rude hearth.”

clear sunshine verb + noun

In this reading “Not being able to find dry fuel, she gathered a quantity of the least sodden of the twigs and branches, and spread them out on a ledge in the clear sunshine.”

on a ledge preposition + article + noun counted as “on … ledge”

In this reading “Not being able to find dry fuel, she gathered a quantity of the least sodden of the twigs and branches, and spread them out on a ledge in the clear sunshine.”

think about verb + particle

have on one's mind, think about actively

In this reading “But the girl had far too much to think about to feel any concern over the mere damage and destruction of things.”

feel any verb + adjective

In this reading “But the girl had far too much to think about to feel any concern over the mere damage and destruction of things.”

called for verb + particle counted as “call for”

express the need or desire for

In this reading “It was rather a relief to find something that called for work.”

All words in this reading · 91

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading WRECKAGE AND SALVAGE All the wood in the cleft was sodden from the fierce downpour that had accompanied the cyclone; all the cleft bottom other than the bare ledges was a bed of mud; everything without the tree-cave had been either blown away or heaped with broken boughs and mud-spattered rubbish.

ableadjectiveUS /ˈeɪbəl/

(usually followed by “to”) having the necessary means or skill or know-how or authority to do something

From this reading Not being able to find dry fuel, she gathered a quantity of the least sodden of the twigs and branches, and spread them out on a ledge in the clear sunshine.

aboutprepositionUS /əˈbaʊt/

on the subject of; concerning

From this reading But the girl had far too much to think about to feel any concern over the mere damage and destruction of things.

accompaniedadjectiveUS /əˈkʌmpənid/

having companions or an escort

From this reading WRECKAGE AND SALVAGE All the wood in the cleft was sodden from the fierce downpour that had accompanied the cyclone; all the cleft bottom other than the bare ledges was a bed of mud; everything without the tree-cave had been either blown away or heaped with broken boughs and mud-spattered rubbish.

AlladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading WRECKAGE AND SALVAGE All the wood in the cleft was sodden from the fierce downpour that had accompanied the cyclone; all the cleft bottom other than the bare ledges was a bed of mud; everything without the tree-cave had been either blown away or heaped with broken boughs and mud-spattered rubbish.

ANDconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading WRECKAGE AND SALVAGE All the wood in the cleft was sodden from the fierce downpour that had accompanied the cyclone; all the cleft bottom other than the bare ledges was a bed of mud; everything without the tree-cave had been either blown away or heaped with broken boughs and mud-spattered rubbish.

anyadjectiveUS /ˈeni/

one or some or every or all without specification

From this reading But the girl had far too much to think about to feel any concern over the mere damage and destruction of things.

awayadverbUS /əˈweɪ/

from a particular thing or place or position (“forth” is obsolete)

From this reading WRECKAGE AND SALVAGE All the wood in the cleft was sodden from the fierce downpour that had accompanied the cyclone; all the cleft bottom other than the bare ledges was a bed of mud; everything without the tree-cave had been either blown away or heaped with broken boughs and mud-spattered rubbish.

bareadjectiveUS /ber/

completely unclothed

From this reading WRECKAGE AND SALVAGE All the wood in the cleft was sodden from the fierce downpour that had accompanied the cyclone; all the cleft bottom other than the bare ledges was a bed of mud; everything without the tree-cave had been either blown away or heaped with broken boughs and mud-spattered rubbish.

bednounUS /bed/

a piece of furniture that provides a place to sleep

From this reading WRECKAGE AND SALVAGE All the wood in the cleft was sodden from the fierce downpour that had accompanied the cyclone; all the cleft bottom other than the bare ledges was a bed of mud; everything without the tree-cave had been either blown away or heaped with broken boughs and mud-spattered rubbish.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading WRECKAGE AND SALVAGE All the wood in the cleft was sodden from the fierce downpour that had accompanied the cyclone; all the cleft bottom other than the bare ledges was a bed of mud; everything without the tree-cave had been either blown away or heaped with broken boughs and mud-spattered rubbish.

beingauxiliary verbUS /ˈbiːɪŋ/

the -ing form of “be”

From this reading Not being able to find dry fuel, she gathered a quantity of the least sodden of the twigs and branches, and spread them out on a ledge in the clear sunshine.

blownadjectiveUS /bloʊn/

being moved or acted upon by moving air or vapor

From this reading WRECKAGE AND SALVAGE All the wood in the cleft was sodden from the fierce downpour that had accompanied the cyclone; all the cleft bottom other than the bare ledges was a bed of mud; everything without the tree-cave had been either blown away or heaped with broken boughs and mud-spattered rubbish.

bottomnounUS /ˈbɑːtəm/

the lower side of anything

From this reading WRECKAGE AND SALVAGE All the wood in the cleft was sodden from the fierce downpour that had accompanied the cyclone; all the cleft bottom other than the bare ledges was a bed of mud; everything without the tree-cave had been either blown away or heaped with broken boughs and mud-spattered rubbish.

boughsnounUS /baʊz/

plural of “bough” — any of the larger branches of a tree

From this reading WRECKAGE AND SALVAGE All the wood in the cleft was sodden from the fierce downpour that had accompanied the cyclone; all the cleft bottom other than the bare ledges was a bed of mud; everything without the tree-cave had been either blown away or heaped with broken boughs and mud-spattered rubbish.

branchesnounUS /ˈbræntʃəz/

plural of “branch” — a division of some larger or more complex organization

From this reading Not being able to find dry fuel, she gathered a quantity of the least sodden of the twigs and branches, and spread them out on a ledge in the clear sunshine.

brokenadjectiveUS /ˈbroʊkən/

physically and forcibly separated into pieces or cracked or split

From this reading WRECKAGE AND SALVAGE All the wood in the cleft was sodden from the fierce downpour that had accompanied the cyclone; all the cleft bottom other than the bare ledges was a bed of mud; everything without the tree-cave had been either blown away or heaped with broken boughs and mud-spattered rubbish.

ButconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading But the girl had far too much to think about to feel any concern over the mere damage and destruction of things.

calledverbUS /kɔːld/

past form of “call” — assign a specified (usually proper) proper name to

From this reading It was rather a relief to find something that called for work.

clearverbUS /klɪr/

rid of obstructions

From this reading Not being able to find dry fuel, she gathered a quantity of the least sodden of the twigs and branches, and spread them out on a ledge in the clear sunshine.

cleftnounUS /kleft/

a split or indentation in something (as the palate or chin)

From this reading WRECKAGE AND SALVAGE All the wood in the cleft was sodden from the fierce downpour that had accompanied the cyclone; all the cleft bottom other than the bare ledges was a bed of mud; everything without the tree-cave had been either blown away or heaped with broken boughs and mud-spattered rubbish.

concernnounUS /kənˈsɜːrn/

something that interests you because it is important or affects you

From this reading But the girl had far too much to think about to feel any concern over the mere damage and destruction of things.

cyclonenounUS /sɪˈkloʊn/

(meteorology) rapid inward circulation of air masses about a low pressure center; circling counterclockwise in the northern hemisphere and clockwise in the southern

From this reading WRECKAGE AND SALVAGE All the wood in the cleft was sodden from the fierce downpour that had accompanied the cyclone; all the cleft bottom other than the bare ledges was a bed of mud; everything without the tree-cave had been either blown away or heaped with broken boughs and mud-spattered rubbish.

damagenounUS /ˈdæmədʒ/

the occurrence of a change for the worse

From this reading But the girl had far too much to think about to feel any concern over the mere damage and destruction of things.

destructionnounUS /dɪˈstrʌkʃən/

the termination of something by causing so much damage to it that it cannot be repaired or no longer exists

From this reading But the girl had far too much to think about to feel any concern over the mere damage and destruction of things.

downpournounUS /ˈdaʊnpɔːr/

a heavy rain

From this reading WRECKAGE AND SALVAGE All the wood in the cleft was sodden from the fierce downpour that had accompanied the cyclone; all the cleft bottom other than the bare ledges was a bed of mud; everything without the tree-cave had been either blown away or heaped with broken boughs and mud-spattered rubbish.

dryadjectiveUS /draɪ/

free from liquid or moisture; lacking natural or normal moisture or depleted of water; or no longer wet

From this reading Not being able to find dry fuel, she gathered a quantity of the least sodden of the twigs and branches, and spread them out on a ledge in the clear sunshine.

dryingverbUS /ˈdraɪɪŋ/

-ing form of “dry” — remove the moisture from and make dry

From this reading While her firewood was drying, she scraped away the mud and litter heaped upon her rude hearth.

eitherdeterminerUS /ˈiːðər/

one or the other of two

From this reading WRECKAGE AND SALVAGE All the wood in the cleft was sodden from the fierce downpour that had accompanied the cyclone; all the cleft bottom other than the bare ledges was a bed of mud; everything without the tree-cave had been either blown away or heaped with broken boughs and mud-spattered rubbish.

everythingpronounUS /ˈevriθɪŋ/

all things; all of a situation

From this reading WRECKAGE AND SALVAGE All the wood in the cleft was sodden from the fierce downpour that had accompanied the cyclone; all the cleft bottom other than the bare ledges was a bed of mud; everything without the tree-cave had been either blown away or heaped with broken boughs and mud-spattered rubbish.

faradverbUS /fɑːr/

to a considerable degree; very much

From this reading But the girl had far too much to think about to feel any concern over the mere damage and destruction of things.

feelverbUS /fiːl/

undergo an emotional sensation or be in a particular state of mind

From this reading But the girl had far too much to think about to feel any concern over the mere damage and destruction of things.

fierceadjectiveUS /fɪrs/

marked by extreme and violent energy

From this reading WRECKAGE AND SALVAGE All the wood in the cleft was sodden from the fierce downpour that had accompanied the cyclone; all the cleft bottom other than the bare ledges was a bed of mud; everything without the tree-cave had been either blown away or heaped with broken boughs and mud-spattered rubbish.

findverbUS /faɪnd/

come upon, as if by accident; meet with

From this reading It was rather a relief to find something that called for work.

firewoodnounUS /ˈfaɪərwʊd/

wood used for fuel

From this reading While her firewood was drying, she scraped away the mud and litter heaped upon her rude hearth.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading It was rather a relief to find something that called for work.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading WRECKAGE AND SALVAGE All the wood in the cleft was sodden from the fierce downpour that had accompanied the cyclone; all the cleft bottom other than the bare ledges was a bed of mud; everything without the tree-cave had been either blown away or heaped with broken boughs and mud-spattered rubbish.

fuelverbUS /ˈfjuːəl/

provide with a combustible substance that provides energy

From this reading Not being able to find dry fuel, she gathered a quantity of the least sodden of the twigs and branches, and spread them out on a ledge in the clear sunshine.

gatheredadjectiveUS /ˈɡæðərd/

brought together in one place

From this reading Not being able to find dry fuel, she gathered a quantity of the least sodden of the twigs and branches, and spread them out on a ledge in the clear sunshine.

girlnounUS /ɡɜːrl/

a young female

From this reading But the girl had far too much to think about to feel any concern over the mere damage and destruction of things.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading WRECKAGE AND SALVAGE All the wood in the cleft was sodden from the fierce downpour that had accompanied the cyclone; all the cleft bottom other than the bare ledges was a bed of mud; everything without the tree-cave had been either blown away or heaped with broken boughs and mud-spattered rubbish.

heapedverbUS /hiːpt/

past form of “heap” — bestow in large quantities

From this reading WRECKAGE AND SALVAGE All the wood in the cleft was sodden from the fierce downpour that had accompanied the cyclone; all the cleft bottom other than the bare ledges was a bed of mud; everything without the tree-cave had been either blown away or heaped with broken boughs and mud-spattered rubbish.

hearthnounUS /hɑːrθ/

an open recess in a wall at the base of a chimney where a fire can be built

From this reading While her firewood was drying, she scraped away the mud and litter heaped upon her rude hearth.

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading While her firewood was drying, she scraped away the mud and litter heaped upon her rude hearth.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading WRECKAGE AND SALVAGE All the wood in the cleft was sodden from the fierce downpour that had accompanied the cyclone; all the cleft bottom other than the bare ledges was a bed of mud; everything without the tree-cave had been either blown away or heaped with broken boughs and mud-spattered rubbish.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading It was rather a relief to find something that called for work.

leastadjectiveUS /liːst/

the superlative of “little” that can be used with mass nouns and is usually preceded by “the”; a quantifier meaning smallest in amount or extent or degree

From this reading Not being able to find dry fuel, she gathered a quantity of the least sodden of the twigs and branches, and spread them out on a ledge in the clear sunshine.

ledgenounUS /ledʒ/

a projecting ridge on a mountain or submerged under water

From this reading Not being able to find dry fuel, she gathered a quantity of the least sodden of the twigs and branches, and spread them out on a ledge in the clear sunshine.

ledgesnounUS /ˈledʒɪz/

plural of “ledge” — a projecting ridge on a mountain or submerged under water

From this reading WRECKAGE AND SALVAGE All the wood in the cleft was sodden from the fierce downpour that had accompanied the cyclone; all the cleft bottom other than the bare ledges was a bed of mud; everything without the tree-cave had been either blown away or heaped with broken boughs and mud-spattered rubbish.

litternounUS /ˈlɪtər/

the offspring at one birth of a multiparous mammal

From this reading While her firewood was drying, she scraped away the mud and litter heaped upon her rude hearth.

mereadjectiveUS /mɪr/

being nothing more than specified

From this reading But the girl had far too much to think about to feel any concern over the mere damage and destruction of things.

muchadverbUS /mʌtʃ/

to a great degree or extent

From this reading But the girl had far too much to think about to feel any concern over the mere damage and destruction of things.

mudnounUS /mʌd/

water soaked soil; soft wet earth

From this reading WRECKAGE AND SALVAGE All the wood in the cleft was sodden from the fierce downpour that had accompanied the cyclone; all the cleft bottom other than the bare ledges was a bed of mud; everything without the tree-cave had been either blown away or heaped with broken boughs and mud-spattered rubbish.

mud-spattered

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading WRECKAGE AND SALVAGE All the wood in the cleft was sodden from the fierce downpour that had accompanied the cyclone; all the cleft bottom other than the bare ledges was a bed of mud; everything without the tree-cave had been either blown away or heaped with broken boughs and mud-spattered rubbish.

NotadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading Not being able to find dry fuel, she gathered a quantity of the least sodden of the twigs and branches, and spread them out on a ledge in the clear sunshine.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading WRECKAGE AND SALVAGE All the wood in the cleft was sodden from the fierce downpour that had accompanied the cyclone; all the cleft bottom other than the bare ledges was a bed of mud; everything without the tree-cave had been either blown away or heaped with broken boughs and mud-spattered rubbish.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading Not being able to find dry fuel, she gathered a quantity of the least sodden of the twigs and branches, and spread them out on a ledge in the clear sunshine.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading WRECKAGE AND SALVAGE All the wood in the cleft was sodden from the fierce downpour that had accompanied the cyclone; all the cleft bottom other than the bare ledges was a bed of mud; everything without the tree-cave had been either blown away or heaped with broken boughs and mud-spattered rubbish.

otheradjectiveUS /ˈʌðər/

not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied

From this reading WRECKAGE AND SALVAGE All the wood in the cleft was sodden from the fierce downpour that had accompanied the cyclone; all the cleft bottom other than the bare ledges was a bed of mud; everything without the tree-cave had been either blown away or heaped with broken boughs and mud-spattered rubbish.

outadjectiveUS /aʊt/

not allowed to continue to bat or run

From this reading Not being able to find dry fuel, she gathered a quantity of the least sodden of the twigs and branches, and spread them out on a ledge in the clear sunshine.

overprepositionUS /ˈoʊvər/

above and across; more than

From this reading But the girl had far too much to think about to feel any concern over the mere damage and destruction of things.

quantitynounUS /ˈkwɑːntəti/

how much there is or how many there are of something that you can quantify

From this reading Not being able to find dry fuel, she gathered a quantity of the least sodden of the twigs and branches, and spread them out on a ledge in the clear sunshine.

ratheradverbUS /ˈræðər/

on the contrary

From this reading It was rather a relief to find something that called for work.

reliefnounUS /rɪˈliːf/

the feeling that comes when something burdensome is removed or reduced

From this reading It was rather a relief to find something that called for work.

rubbishnounUS /ˈrʌbɪʃ/

worthless material that is to be disposed of

From this reading WRECKAGE AND SALVAGE All the wood in the cleft was sodden from the fierce downpour that had accompanied the cyclone; all the cleft bottom other than the bare ledges was a bed of mud; everything without the tree-cave had been either blown away or heaped with broken boughs and mud-spattered rubbish.

rudeadjectiveUS /ruːd/

socially incorrect in behavior

From this reading While her firewood was drying, she scraped away the mud and litter heaped upon her rude hearth.

SALVAGEverbUS /ˈsælvədʒ/

save from ruin, destruction, or harm

From this reading WRECKAGE AND SALVAGE All the wood in the cleft was sodden from the fierce downpour that had accompanied the cyclone; all the cleft bottom other than the bare ledges was a bed of mud; everything without the tree-cave had been either blown away or heaped with broken boughs and mud-spattered rubbish.

scrapedverbUS /skreɪpt/

past form of “scrape” — scratch repeatedly

From this reading While her firewood was drying, she scraped away the mud and litter heaped upon her rude hearth.

shepronounUS /ʃiː/

a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Not being able to find dry fuel, she gathered a quantity of the least sodden of the twigs and branches, and spread them out on a ledge in the clear sunshine.

soddenadjectiveUS /ˈsɑːdən/

wet through and through; thoroughly wet

From this reading WRECKAGE AND SALVAGE All the wood in the cleft was sodden from the fierce downpour that had accompanied the cyclone; all the cleft bottom other than the bare ledges was a bed of mud; everything without the tree-cave had been either blown away or heaped with broken boughs and mud-spattered rubbish.

somethingpronounUS /ˈsʌmθɪŋ/

a thing, without saying which

From this reading It was rather a relief to find something that called for work.

spreadverbUS /spred/

distribute or disperse widely

From this reading Not being able to find dry fuel, she gathered a quantity of the least sodden of the twigs and branches, and spread them out on a ledge in the clear sunshine.

sunshinenounUS /ˈsʌnʃaɪn/

the rays of the sun

From this reading Not being able to find dry fuel, she gathered a quantity of the least sodden of the twigs and branches, and spread them out on a ledge in the clear sunshine.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading WRECKAGE AND SALVAGE All the wood in the cleft was sodden from the fierce downpour that had accompanied the cyclone; all the cleft bottom other than the bare ledges was a bed of mud; everything without the tree-cave had been either blown away or heaped with broken boughs and mud-spattered rubbish.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading WRECKAGE AND SALVAGE All the wood in the cleft was sodden from the fierce downpour that had accompanied the cyclone; all the cleft bottom other than the bare ledges was a bed of mud; everything without the tree-cave had been either blown away or heaped with broken boughs and mud-spattered rubbish.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading WRECKAGE AND SALVAGE All the wood in the cleft was sodden from the fierce downpour that had accompanied the cyclone; all the cleft bottom other than the bare ledges was a bed of mud; everything without the tree-cave had been either blown away or heaped with broken boughs and mud-spattered rubbish.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading Not being able to find dry fuel, she gathered a quantity of the least sodden of the twigs and branches, and spread them out on a ledge in the clear sunshine.

thingsnounUS /θɪŋz/

any movable possession (especially articles of clothing)

From this reading But the girl had far too much to think about to feel any concern over the mere damage and destruction of things.

thinkverbUS /θɪŋk/

judge or regard; look upon; judge

From this reading But the girl had far too much to think about to feel any concern over the mere damage and destruction of things.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading But the girl had far too much to think about to feel any concern over the mere damage and destruction of things.

tooadverbUS /tuː/

to a degree exceeding normal or proper limits

From this reading But the girl had far too much to think about to feel any concern over the mere damage and destruction of things.

tree-cave

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading WRECKAGE AND SALVAGE All the wood in the cleft was sodden from the fierce downpour that had accompanied the cyclone; all the cleft bottom other than the bare ledges was a bed of mud; everything without the tree-cave had been either blown away or heaped with broken boughs and mud-spattered rubbish.

twigsnounUS /twɪɡz/

plural of “twig” — a small branch or division of a branch (especially a terminal division); usually applied to branches of the current or preceding year

From this reading Not being able to find dry fuel, she gathered a quantity of the least sodden of the twigs and branches, and spread them out on a ledge in the clear sunshine.

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading While her firewood was drying, she scraped away the mud and litter heaped upon her rude hearth.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading WRECKAGE AND SALVAGE All the wood in the cleft was sodden from the fierce downpour that had accompanied the cyclone; all the cleft bottom other than the bare ledges was a bed of mud; everything without the tree-cave had been either blown away or heaped with broken boughs and mud-spattered rubbish.

WhileconjunctionUS /waɪl/

during the time that

From this reading While her firewood was drying, she scraped away the mud and litter heaped upon her rude hearth.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading WRECKAGE AND SALVAGE All the wood in the cleft was sodden from the fierce downpour that had accompanied the cyclone; all the cleft bottom other than the bare ledges was a bed of mud; everything without the tree-cave had been either blown away or heaped with broken boughs and mud-spattered rubbish.

withoutprepositionUS /wɪˈθaʊt/

not having, not using, or not accompanied by

From this reading WRECKAGE AND SALVAGE All the wood in the cleft was sodden from the fierce downpour that had accompanied the cyclone; all the cleft bottom other than the bare ledges was a bed of mud; everything without the tree-cave had been either blown away or heaped with broken boughs and mud-spattered rubbish.

woodnounUS /wʊd/

the hard fibrous lignified substance under the bark of trees

From this reading WRECKAGE AND SALVAGE All the wood in the cleft was sodden from the fierce downpour that had accompanied the cyclone; all the cleft bottom other than the bare ledges was a bed of mud; everything without the tree-cave had been either blown away or heaped with broken boughs and mud-spattered rubbish.

workverbUS /wɜːrk/

exert oneself by doing mental or physical work for a purpose or out of necessity

From this reading It was rather a relief to find something that called for work.

WRECKAGEnounUS /ˈrekədʒ/

the remaining parts of something that has been wrecked

From this reading WRECKAGE AND SALVAGE All the wood in the cleft was sodden from the fierce downpour that had accompanied the cyclone; all the cleft bottom other than the bare ledges was a bed of mud; everything without the tree-cave had been either blown away or heaped with broken boughs and mud-spattered rubbish.

Chapter 21 of Into the Primitive by Robert Ames Bennet holds 137 sentences, grouped into 28 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 21 of Into the Primitive contain?

Chapter 21 holds 137 sentences of Into the Primitive, unabridged, divided into 28 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 21 of Into the Primitive by Robert Ames Bennet exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 137 sentences, grouped into 28 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 21 of Into the Primitive?

Work through the 28 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 28 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 21 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 21 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Into the Primitive

Common questions about reading Into the Primitive by Robert Ames Bennet on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Into the Primitive?

Yes. All 4737 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #33903 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Into the Primitive is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #33903, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Into the Primitive take to read?

About 394 minutes of reading across 948 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Into the Primitive section by section

How to work through Into the Primitive section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 24 chapters of Into the Primitive to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Into the Primitive

Words and structures a reader meets early in Into the Primitive, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

White
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Into the Primitive; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Christ
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Into the Primitive; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Thyra
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Into the Primitive; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Mcclurg
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Into the Primitive; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.