Complete classic literature • Five-line readings • Clear US narration
VELMORA ACADEMY
Academy of Archival Languages & Memory Studies
Menu Close
Inventing for Boys
Inventing for Boys

Chapter II

Chapter 2 of Inventing for Boys is here in full — 105 sentences across 21 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Inventing for Boys
Context Illustration Reading 1/21 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
WORKING IT OUT ON PAPER The next step after, and sometimes even before, you have thought out your great idea is to make a drawing of the invention it represents.
Nearly every one can do a little _free hand drawing_ and this is a good way to make rough sketches to aid the mind in further developing thought.
But if you can make a simple _working drawing_ of your device, that is a picture in which all of the parts are drawn in proportion, or to _scale_ as it is called, the whole thing will stand out clearly before you and you can see where it is wrong and make the needed changes on paper before you try to build a model.
~Tools for Making Simple Drawings.--~To make simple working drawings, or _mechanical drawings_ as they are called, all the tools you need are a good, straight 12-inch rule, as shown in Fig. 13, _compasses_ as shown in Fig. 14, a medium hard lead pencil, a rubber eraser and some smooth white paper.
~How to Make Simple Working Drawings.--~At A in Fig. 15 is shown a drawing in perspective, that is as it would look to the eye, of a _rectangular_ box, while B is a top view, C is a side view and D is an end view of the same box; of course the bottom and the other end and side cannot be seen but you can imagine pretty well that they are there if you try to.
0:00 / 0:00
Speed 0.75x
AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Inventing for Boys

Chapter II

Chapter 2 of Inventing for Boys is here in full — 105 sentences across 21 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/21 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
WORKING IT OUT ON PAPER The next step after, and sometimes even before, you have thought out your great idea is to make a drawing of the invention it represents.
/ˈwɜːrkɪŋ ɪt aʊt ɑːn ˈpeɪpər ðə nekst step ˈæftər ənd səmˈtaɪmz ˈiːvɪn bɪˈfɔːr juː hæv θɔːt aʊt jɔːr ɡreɪt aɪˈdiːə ɪz tuː meɪk ə ˈdrɔːɪŋ ʌv ðə ˌɪnˈvenʃən ɪt ˌreprɪˈzents/
Line 2
Nearly every one can do a little _free hand drawing_ and this is a good way to make rough sketches to aid the mind in further developing thought.
/ˈnɪrli ˈevəri wʌn kæn duː ə ˈlɪtəl friː hænd ˈdrɔːɪŋ ənd ðɪs ɪz ə ɡʊd weɪ tuː meɪk rʌf ˈsketʃəz tuː eɪd ðə maɪnd ɪn ˈfɜːrðər dɪˈveləpɪŋ θɔːt/
Line 3
But if you can make a simple _working drawing_ of your device, that is a picture in which all of the parts are drawn in proportion, or to _scale_ as it is called, the whole thing will stand out clearly before you and you can see where it is wrong and make the needed changes on paper before you try to build a model.
/bʌt ɪf juː kæn meɪk ə ˈsɪmpəl ˈwɜːrkɪŋ ˈdrɔːɪŋ ʌv jɔːr dɪˈvaɪs ðæt ɪz ə ˈpɪktʃər ɪn wɪtʃ ɔːl ʌv ðə pɑːrts ɑːr drɔːn ɪn prəˈpɔːrʃən ɔːr tuː skeɪl æz ɪt ɪz kɔːld ðə hoʊl θɪŋ wɪl stænd aʊt ˈklɪrli bɪˈfɔːr juː ənd juː kæn siː wer ɪt ɪz rɔːŋ ənd meɪk ðə ˈniːdəd ˈtʃeɪndʒəz ɑːn ˈpeɪpər bɪˈfɔːr juː traɪ tuː bɪld ə ˈmɑːdəl/
Line 4
~Tools for Making Simple Drawings.--~To make simple working drawings, or _mechanical drawings_ as they are called, all the tools you need are a good, straight 12-inch rule, as shown in Fig. 13, _compasses_ as shown in Fig. 14, a medium hard lead pencil, a rubber eraser and some smooth white paper.
Line 5
~How to Make Simple Working Drawings.--~At A in Fig. 15 is shown a drawing in perspective, that is as it would look to the eye, of a _rectangular_ box, while B is a top view, C is a side view and D is an end view of the same box; of course the bottom and the other end and side cannot be seen but you can imagine pretty well that they are there if you try to.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

developing adjective US /dɪˈveləpɪŋ/

relating to societies in which capital needed to industrialize is in short supply

From this reading “Nearly every one can do a little _free hand drawing_ and this is a good way to make rough sketches to aid the mind in further developing thought.”

drawings noun US /ˈdrɔːɪŋz/

plural of “drawing” — an illustration that is drawn by hand and published in a book, magazine, or newspaper

From this reading “~Tools for Making Simple Drawings.--~To make simple working drawings, or _mechanical drawings_ as they are called, all the tools you need are a good, straight 12-inch rule, as shown in Fig. 13, _compasses_ as shown in Fig. 14, a medium hard lead pencil, a rubber eraser and some smooth white paper.”

eraser noun US /ɪˈreɪsər/

an implement used to erase something

From this reading “~Tools for Making Simple Drawings.--~To make simple working drawings, or _mechanical drawings_ as they are called, all the tools you need are a good, straight 12-inch rule, as shown in Fig. 13, _compasses_ as shown in Fig. 14, a medium hard lead pencil, a rubber eraser and some smooth white paper.”

perspective noun US /pərˈspektɪv/

a way of regarding situations or topics etc.

From this reading “~How to Make Simple Working Drawings.--~At A in Fig. 15 is shown a drawing in perspective, that is as it would look to the eye, of a _rectangular_ box, while B is a top view, C is a side view and D is an end view of the same box; of course the bottom and the other end and side cannot be seen but you can imagine pretty well that they are there if you try to.”

rectangular adjective US /rekˈtæŋɡjələr/

having four right angles

represents verb US /ˌreprɪˈzents/

third-person singular of “represent” — take the place of or be parallel or equivalent to

From this reading “WORKING IT OUT ON PAPER The next step after, and sometimes even before, you have thought out your great idea is to make a drawing of the invention it represents.”

rubber noun US /ˈrʌbər/

an elastic material obtained from the latex sap of trees (especially trees of the genera Hevea and Ficus) that can be vulcanized and finished into a variety of products

From this reading “~Tools for Making Simple Drawings.--~To make simple working drawings, or _mechanical drawings_ as they are called, all the tools you need are a good, straight 12-inch rule, as shown in Fig. 13, _compasses_ as shown in Fig. 14, a medium hard lead pencil, a rubber eraser and some smooth white paper.”

sketches noun US /ˈsketʃəz/

plural of “sketch” — preliminary drawing for later elaboration

From this reading “Nearly every one can do a little _free hand drawing_ and this is a good way to make rough sketches to aid the mind in further developing thought.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

lead pencil verb + noun

pencil that has graphite as the marking substance

In this reading “~Tools for Making Simple Drawings.--~To make simple working drawings, or _mechanical drawings_ as they are called, all the tools you need are a good, straight 12-inch rule, as shown in Fig. 13, _compasses_ as shown in Fig. 14, a medium hard lead pencil, a rubber eraser and some smooth white paper.”

rough sketches adjective + noun counted as “rough sketch”

In this reading “Nearly every one can do a little _free hand drawing_ and this is a good way to make rough sketches to aid the mind in further developing thought.”

whole thing adjective + noun

In this reading “But if you can make a simple _working drawing_ of your device, that is a picture in which all of the parts are drawn in proportion, or to _scale_ as it is called, the whole thing will stand out clearly before you and you can see where it is wrong and make the needed changes on paper before you try to build a model.”

of course preposition + noun

as might be expected

In this reading “~How to Make Simple Working Drawings.--~At A in Fig. 15 is shown a drawing in perspective, that is as it would look to the eye, of a _rectangular_ box, while B is a top view, C is a side view and D is an end view of the same box; of course the bottom and the other end and side cannot be seen but you can imagine pretty well that they are there if you try to.”

other end adjective + noun

In this reading “~How to Make Simple Working Drawings.--~At A in Fig. 15 is shown a drawing in perspective, that is as it would look to the eye, of a _rectangular_ box, while B is a top view, C is a side view and D is an end view of the same box; of course the bottom and the other end and side cannot be seen but you can imagine pretty well that they are there if you try to.”

white paper noun + noun

a government report; bound in white

In this reading “~Tools for Making Simple Drawings.--~To make simple working drawings, or _mechanical drawings_ as they are called, all the tools you need are a good, straight 12-inch rule, as shown in Fig. 13, _compasses_ as shown in Fig. 14, a medium hard lead pencil, a rubber eraser and some smooth white paper.”

next step adjective + noun

In this reading “WORKING IT OUT ON PAPER The next step after, and sometimes even before, you have thought out your great idea is to make a drawing of the invention it represents.”

smooth white adjective + noun

In this reading “~Tools for Making Simple Drawings.--~To make simple working drawings, or _mechanical drawings_ as they are called, all the tools you need are a good, straight 12-inch rule, as shown in Fig. 13, _compasses_ as shown in Fig. 14, a medium hard lead pencil, a rubber eraser and some smooth white paper.”

All words in this reading · 128

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

12

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading ~Tools for Making Simple Drawings.--~To make simple working drawings, or _mechanical drawings_ as they are called, all the tools you need are a good, straight 12-inch rule, as shown in Fig. 13, _compasses_ as shown in Fig. 14, a medium hard lead pencil, a rubber eraser and some smooth white paper.

13

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading ~Tools for Making Simple Drawings.--~To make simple working drawings, or _mechanical drawings_ as they are called, all the tools you need are a good, straight 12-inch rule, as shown in Fig. 13, _compasses_ as shown in Fig. 14, a medium hard lead pencil, a rubber eraser and some smooth white paper.

14

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading ~Tools for Making Simple Drawings.--~To make simple working drawings, or _mechanical drawings_ as they are called, all the tools you need are a good, straight 12-inch rule, as shown in Fig. 13, _compasses_ as shown in Fig. 14, a medium hard lead pencil, a rubber eraser and some smooth white paper.

15

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading ~How to Make Simple Working Drawings.--~At A in Fig. 15 is shown a drawing in perspective, that is as it would look to the eye, of a _rectangular_ box, while B is a top view, C is a side view and D is an end view of the same box; of course the bottom and the other end and side cannot be seen but you can imagine pretty well that they are there if you try to.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading WORKING IT OUT ON PAPER The next step after, and sometimes even before, you have thought out your great idea is to make a drawing of the invention it represents.

afterprepositionUS /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading WORKING IT OUT ON PAPER The next step after, and sometimes even before, you have thought out your great idea is to make a drawing of the invention it represents.

aidnounUS /eɪd/

a person or thing that is a resource that helps make something easier or possible to do

From this reading Nearly every one can do a little _free hand drawing_ and this is a good way to make rough sketches to aid the mind in further developing thought.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading But if you can make a simple _working drawing_ of your device, that is a picture in which all of the parts are drawn in proportion, or to _scale_ as it is called, the whole thing will stand out clearly before you and you can see where it is wrong and make the needed changes on paper before you try to build a model.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading ~How to Make Simple Working Drawings.--~At A in Fig. 15 is shown a drawing in perspective, that is as it would look to the eye, of a _rectangular_ box, while B is a top view, C is a side view and D is an end view of the same box; of course the bottom and the other end and side cannot be seen but you can imagine pretty well that they are there if you try to.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading WORKING IT OUT ON PAPER The next step after, and sometimes even before, you have thought out your great idea is to make a drawing of the invention it represents.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading But if you can make a simple _working drawing_ of your device, that is a picture in which all of the parts are drawn in proportion, or to _scale_ as it is called, the whole thing will stand out clearly before you and you can see where it is wrong and make the needed changes on paper before you try to build a model.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading But if you can make a simple _working drawing_ of your device, that is a picture in which all of the parts are drawn in proportion, or to _scale_ as it is called, the whole thing will stand out clearly before you and you can see where it is wrong and make the needed changes on paper before you try to build a model.

AtprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading ~How to Make Simple Working Drawings.--~At A in Fig. 15 is shown a drawing in perspective, that is as it would look to the eye, of a _rectangular_ box, while B is a top view, C is a side view and D is an end view of the same box; of course the bottom and the other end and side cannot be seen but you can imagine pretty well that they are there if you try to.

BnounUS /biː/

aerobic rod-shaped spore-producing bacterium; often occurring in chainlike formations; found primarily in soil

From this reading ~How to Make Simple Working Drawings.--~At A in Fig. 15 is shown a drawing in perspective, that is as it would look to the eye, of a _rectangular_ box, while B is a top view, C is a side view and D is an end view of the same box; of course the bottom and the other end and side cannot be seen but you can imagine pretty well that they are there if you try to.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading ~How to Make Simple Working Drawings.--~At A in Fig. 15 is shown a drawing in perspective, that is as it would look to the eye, of a _rectangular_ box, while B is a top view, C is a side view and D is an end view of the same box; of course the bottom and the other end and side cannot be seen but you can imagine pretty well that they are there if you try to.

beforeprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading WORKING IT OUT ON PAPER The next step after, and sometimes even before, you have thought out your great idea is to make a drawing of the invention it represents.

bottomnounUS /ˈbɑːtəm/

the lower side of anything

From this reading ~How to Make Simple Working Drawings.--~At A in Fig. 15 is shown a drawing in perspective, that is as it would look to the eye, of a _rectangular_ box, while B is a top view, C is a side view and D is an end view of the same box; of course the bottom and the other end and side cannot be seen but you can imagine pretty well that they are there if you try to.

boxnounUS /bɑːks/

a (usually rectangular) container; may have a lid

From this reading ~How to Make Simple Working Drawings.--~At A in Fig. 15 is shown a drawing in perspective, that is as it would look to the eye, of a _rectangular_ box, while B is a top view, C is a side view and D is an end view of the same box; of course the bottom and the other end and side cannot be seen but you can imagine pretty well that they are there if you try to.

buildverbUS /bɪld/

make by combining materials and parts

From this reading But if you can make a simple _working drawing_ of your device, that is a picture in which all of the parts are drawn in proportion, or to _scale_ as it is called, the whole thing will stand out clearly before you and you can see where it is wrong and make the needed changes on paper before you try to build a model.

ButconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading But if you can make a simple _working drawing_ of your device, that is a picture in which all of the parts are drawn in proportion, or to _scale_ as it is called, the whole thing will stand out clearly before you and you can see where it is wrong and make the needed changes on paper before you try to build a model.

CnounUS /siː/

a degree on the centigrade scale of temperature

From this reading ~How to Make Simple Working Drawings.--~At A in Fig. 15 is shown a drawing in perspective, that is as it would look to the eye, of a _rectangular_ box, while B is a top view, C is a side view and D is an end view of the same box; of course the bottom and the other end and side cannot be seen but you can imagine pretty well that they are there if you try to.

calledverbUS /kɔːld/

past form of “call” — assign a specified (usually proper) proper name to

From this reading But if you can make a simple _working drawing_ of your device, that is a picture in which all of the parts are drawn in proportion, or to _scale_ as it is called, the whole thing will stand out clearly before you and you can see where it is wrong and make the needed changes on paper before you try to build a model.

canmodal verbUS /kæn/

to be able to, or to be allowed to

From this reading Nearly every one can do a little _free hand drawing_ and this is a good way to make rough sketches to aid the mind in further developing thought.

cannot

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading ~How to Make Simple Working Drawings.--~At A in Fig. 15 is shown a drawing in perspective, that is as it would look to the eye, of a _rectangular_ box, while B is a top view, C is a side view and D is an end view of the same box; of course the bottom and the other end and side cannot be seen but you can imagine pretty well that they are there if you try to.

changesnounUS /ˈtʃeɪndʒəz/

plural of “change” — an event that occurs when something passes from one state or phase to another

From this reading But if you can make a simple _working drawing_ of your device, that is a picture in which all of the parts are drawn in proportion, or to _scale_ as it is called, the whole thing will stand out clearly before you and you can see where it is wrong and make the needed changes on paper before you try to build a model.

clearlyadverbUS /ˈklɪrli/

without doubt or question

From this reading But if you can make a simple _working drawing_ of your device, that is a picture in which all of the parts are drawn in proportion, or to _scale_ as it is called, the whole thing will stand out clearly before you and you can see where it is wrong and make the needed changes on paper before you try to build a model.

compasses

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading ~Tools for Making Simple Drawings.--~To make simple working drawings, or _mechanical drawings_ as they are called, all the tools you need are a good, straight 12-inch rule, as shown in Fig. 13, _compasses_ as shown in Fig. 14, a medium hard lead pencil, a rubber eraser and some smooth white paper.

coursenounUS /kɔːrs/

education imparted in a series of lessons or meetings

From this reading ~How to Make Simple Working Drawings.--~At A in Fig. 15 is shown a drawing in perspective, that is as it would look to the eye, of a _rectangular_ box, while B is a top view, C is a side view and D is an end view of the same box; of course the bottom and the other end and side cannot be seen but you can imagine pretty well that they are there if you try to.

DnounUS /diː/

a fat-soluble vitamin that prevents rickets

From this reading ~How to Make Simple Working Drawings.--~At A in Fig. 15 is shown a drawing in perspective, that is as it would look to the eye, of a _rectangular_ box, while B is a top view, C is a side view and D is an end view of the same box; of course the bottom and the other end and side cannot be seen but you can imagine pretty well that they are there if you try to.

developingadjectiveUS /dɪˈveləpɪŋ/

relating to societies in which capital needed to industrialize is in short supply

From this reading Nearly every one can do a little _free hand drawing_ and this is a good way to make rough sketches to aid the mind in further developing thought.

devicenounUS /dɪˈvaɪs/

an instrumentality invented for a particular purpose

From this reading But if you can make a simple _working drawing_ of your device, that is a picture in which all of the parts are drawn in proportion, or to _scale_ as it is called, the whole thing will stand out clearly before you and you can see where it is wrong and make the needed changes on paper before you try to build a model.

doauxiliary verbUS /duː/

used to form questions and negatives, and to give emphasis

From this reading Nearly every one can do a little _free hand drawing_ and this is a good way to make rough sketches to aid the mind in further developing thought.

drawingnounUS /ˈdrɔːɪŋ/

an illustration that is drawn by hand and published in a book, magazine, or newspaper

From this reading WORKING IT OUT ON PAPER The next step after, and sometimes even before, you have thought out your great idea is to make a drawing of the invention it represents.

DrawingsnounUS /ˈdrɔːɪŋz/

plural of “drawing” — an illustration that is drawn by hand and published in a book, magazine, or newspaper

From this reading ~Tools for Making Simple Drawings.--~To make simple working drawings, or _mechanical drawings_ as they are called, all the tools you need are a good, straight 12-inch rule, as shown in Fig. 13, _compasses_ as shown in Fig. 14, a medium hard lead pencil, a rubber eraser and some smooth white paper.

drawnadjectiveUS /drɔːn/

showing the wearing effects of overwork or care or suffering

From this reading But if you can make a simple _working drawing_ of your device, that is a picture in which all of the parts are drawn in proportion, or to _scale_ as it is called, the whole thing will stand out clearly before you and you can see where it is wrong and make the needed changes on paper before you try to build a model.

endnounUS /end/

either extremity of something that has length

From this reading ~How to Make Simple Working Drawings.--~At A in Fig. 15 is shown a drawing in perspective, that is as it would look to the eye, of a _rectangular_ box, while B is a top view, C is a side view and D is an end view of the same box; of course the bottom and the other end and side cannot be seen but you can imagine pretty well that they are there if you try to.

erasernounUS /ɪˈreɪsər/

an implement used to erase something

From this reading ~Tools for Making Simple Drawings.--~To make simple working drawings, or _mechanical drawings_ as they are called, all the tools you need are a good, straight 12-inch rule, as shown in Fig. 13, _compasses_ as shown in Fig. 14, a medium hard lead pencil, a rubber eraser and some smooth white paper.

evenadjectiveUS /ˈiːvɪn/

divisible by two

From this reading WORKING IT OUT ON PAPER The next step after, and sometimes even before, you have thought out your great idea is to make a drawing of the invention it represents.

everydeterminerUS /ˈevəri/

all the members of a group, with none left out

From this reading Nearly every one can do a little _free hand drawing_ and this is a good way to make rough sketches to aid the mind in further developing thought.

eyenounUS /aɪ/

the organ of sight

From this reading ~How to Make Simple Working Drawings.--~At A in Fig. 15 is shown a drawing in perspective, that is as it would look to the eye, of a _rectangular_ box, while B is a top view, C is a side view and D is an end view of the same box; of course the bottom and the other end and side cannot be seen but you can imagine pretty well that they are there if you try to.

FignounUS /fɪɡ/

a diagram or picture illustrating textual material

From this reading ~Tools for Making Simple Drawings.--~To make simple working drawings, or _mechanical drawings_ as they are called, all the tools you need are a good, straight 12-inch rule, as shown in Fig. 13, _compasses_ as shown in Fig. 14, a medium hard lead pencil, a rubber eraser and some smooth white paper.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading ~Tools for Making Simple Drawings.--~To make simple working drawings, or _mechanical drawings_ as they are called, all the tools you need are a good, straight 12-inch rule, as shown in Fig. 13, _compasses_ as shown in Fig. 14, a medium hard lead pencil, a rubber eraser and some smooth white paper.

freeverbUS /friː/

grant freedom to; free from confinement

From this reading Nearly every one can do a little _free hand drawing_ and this is a good way to make rough sketches to aid the mind in further developing thought.

furtheradverbUS /ˈfɜːrðər/

to or at a greater extent or degree or a more advanced stage (“further” is used more often than “farther” in this abstract sense)

From this reading Nearly every one can do a little _free hand drawing_ and this is a good way to make rough sketches to aid the mind in further developing thought.

goodadjectiveUS /ɡʊd/

having desirable or positive qualities especially those suitable for a thing specified

From this reading Nearly every one can do a little _free hand drawing_ and this is a good way to make rough sketches to aid the mind in further developing thought.

greatadjectiveUS /ɡreɪt/

relatively large in size or number or extent; larger than others of its kind

From this reading WORKING IT OUT ON PAPER The next step after, and sometimes even before, you have thought out your great idea is to make a drawing of the invention it represents.

handnounUS /hænd/

the (prehensile) extremity of the superior limb

From this reading Nearly every one can do a little _free hand drawing_ and this is a good way to make rough sketches to aid the mind in further developing thought.

hardadjectiveUS /hɑːrd/

not easy; requiring great physical or mental effort to accomplish or comprehend or endure

From this reading ~Tools for Making Simple Drawings.--~To make simple working drawings, or _mechanical drawings_ as they are called, all the tools you need are a good, straight 12-inch rule, as shown in Fig. 13, _compasses_ as shown in Fig. 14, a medium hard lead pencil, a rubber eraser and some smooth white paper.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading WORKING IT OUT ON PAPER The next step after, and sometimes even before, you have thought out your great idea is to make a drawing of the invention it represents.

How

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading ~How to Make Simple Working Drawings.--~At A in Fig. 15 is shown a drawing in perspective, that is as it would look to the eye, of a _rectangular_ box, while B is a top view, C is a side view and D is an end view of the same box; of course the bottom and the other end and side cannot be seen but you can imagine pretty well that they are there if you try to.

ideanounUS /aɪˈdiːə/

the content of cognition; the main thing you are thinking about

From this reading WORKING IT OUT ON PAPER The next step after, and sometimes even before, you have thought out your great idea is to make a drawing of the invention it represents.

ifconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading But if you can make a simple _working drawing_ of your device, that is a picture in which all of the parts are drawn in proportion, or to _scale_ as it is called, the whole thing will stand out clearly before you and you can see where it is wrong and make the needed changes on paper before you try to build a model.

imagineverbUS /ˌɪˈmædʒən/

form a mental image of something that is not present or that is not the case

From this reading ~How to Make Simple Working Drawings.--~At A in Fig. 15 is shown a drawing in perspective, that is as it would look to the eye, of a _rectangular_ box, while B is a top view, C is a side view and D is an end view of the same box; of course the bottom and the other end and side cannot be seen but you can imagine pretty well that they are there if you try to.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Nearly every one can do a little _free hand drawing_ and this is a good way to make rough sketches to aid the mind in further developing thought.

inchnounUS /ɪntʃ/

a unit of length equal to one twelfth of a foot

From this reading ~Tools for Making Simple Drawings.--~To make simple working drawings, or _mechanical drawings_ as they are called, all the tools you need are a good, straight 12-inch rule, as shown in Fig. 13, _compasses_ as shown in Fig. 14, a medium hard lead pencil, a rubber eraser and some smooth white paper.

inventionnounUS /ˌɪnˈvenʃən/

the creation of something in the mind

From this reading WORKING IT OUT ON PAPER The next step after, and sometimes even before, you have thought out your great idea is to make a drawing of the invention it represents.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading WORKING IT OUT ON PAPER The next step after, and sometimes even before, you have thought out your great idea is to make a drawing of the invention it represents.

ITpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading WORKING IT OUT ON PAPER The next step after, and sometimes even before, you have thought out your great idea is to make a drawing of the invention it represents.

leadverbUS /led/

take somebody somewhere

From this reading ~Tools for Making Simple Drawings.--~To make simple working drawings, or _mechanical drawings_ as they are called, all the tools you need are a good, straight 12-inch rule, as shown in Fig. 13, _compasses_ as shown in Fig. 14, a medium hard lead pencil, a rubber eraser and some smooth white paper.

littleadjectiveUS /ˈlɪtəl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading Nearly every one can do a little _free hand drawing_ and this is a good way to make rough sketches to aid the mind in further developing thought.

lookverbUS /lʊk/

perceive with attention; direct one's gaze towards

From this reading ~How to Make Simple Working Drawings.--~At A in Fig. 15 is shown a drawing in perspective, that is as it would look to the eye, of a _rectangular_ box, while B is a top view, C is a side view and D is an end view of the same box; of course the bottom and the other end and side cannot be seen but you can imagine pretty well that they are there if you try to.

makeverbUS /meɪk/

engage in

From this reading WORKING IT OUT ON PAPER The next step after, and sometimes even before, you have thought out your great idea is to make a drawing of the invention it represents.

MakingnounUS /ˈmeɪkɪŋ/

the act that results in something coming to be

From this reading ~Tools for Making Simple Drawings.--~To make simple working drawings, or _mechanical drawings_ as they are called, all the tools you need are a good, straight 12-inch rule, as shown in Fig. 13, _compasses_ as shown in Fig. 14, a medium hard lead pencil, a rubber eraser and some smooth white paper.

mechanicaladjectiveUS /məˈkænɪkəl/

using (or as if using) mechanisms or tools or devices

From this reading ~Tools for Making Simple Drawings.--~To make simple working drawings, or _mechanical drawings_ as they are called, all the tools you need are a good, straight 12-inch rule, as shown in Fig. 13, _compasses_ as shown in Fig. 14, a medium hard lead pencil, a rubber eraser and some smooth white paper.

mediumnounUS /ˈmiːdiəm/

a means or instrumentality for storing or communicating information

From this reading ~Tools for Making Simple Drawings.--~To make simple working drawings, or _mechanical drawings_ as they are called, all the tools you need are a good, straight 12-inch rule, as shown in Fig. 13, _compasses_ as shown in Fig. 14, a medium hard lead pencil, a rubber eraser and some smooth white paper.

mindnounUS /maɪnd/

The element of a person that enables awareness and thought.

From this reading Nearly every one can do a little _free hand drawing_ and this is a good way to make rough sketches to aid the mind in further developing thought.

modelnounUS /ˈmɑːdəl/

a hypothetical description of a complex entity or process

From this reading But if you can make a simple _working drawing_ of your device, that is a picture in which all of the parts are drawn in proportion, or to _scale_ as it is called, the whole thing will stand out clearly before you and you can see where it is wrong and make the needed changes on paper before you try to build a model.

NearlyadverbUS /ˈnɪrli/

(of actions or states) slightly short of or not quite accomplished; all but

From this reading Nearly every one can do a little _free hand drawing_ and this is a good way to make rough sketches to aid the mind in further developing thought.

neednounUS /niːd/

a condition requiring relief

From this reading ~Tools for Making Simple Drawings.--~To make simple working drawings, or _mechanical drawings_ as they are called, all the tools you need are a good, straight 12-inch rule, as shown in Fig. 13, _compasses_ as shown in Fig. 14, a medium hard lead pencil, a rubber eraser and some smooth white paper.

neededadjectiveUS /ˈniːdəd/

necessary for relief or supply

From this reading But if you can make a simple _working drawing_ of your device, that is a picture in which all of the parts are drawn in proportion, or to _scale_ as it is called, the whole thing will stand out clearly before you and you can see where it is wrong and make the needed changes on paper before you try to build a model.

nextadjectiveUS /nekst/

immediately following in time or order

From this reading WORKING IT OUT ON PAPER The next step after, and sometimes even before, you have thought out your great idea is to make a drawing of the invention it represents.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading WORKING IT OUT ON PAPER The next step after, and sometimes even before, you have thought out your great idea is to make a drawing of the invention it represents.

ONprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading WORKING IT OUT ON PAPER The next step after, and sometimes even before, you have thought out your great idea is to make a drawing of the invention it represents.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading Nearly every one can do a little _free hand drawing_ and this is a good way to make rough sketches to aid the mind in further developing thought.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading But if you can make a simple _working drawing_ of your device, that is a picture in which all of the parts are drawn in proportion, or to _scale_ as it is called, the whole thing will stand out clearly before you and you can see where it is wrong and make the needed changes on paper before you try to build a model.

otheradjectiveUS /ˈʌðər/

not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied

From this reading ~How to Make Simple Working Drawings.--~At A in Fig. 15 is shown a drawing in perspective, that is as it would look to the eye, of a _rectangular_ box, while B is a top view, C is a side view and D is an end view of the same box; of course the bottom and the other end and side cannot be seen but you can imagine pretty well that they are there if you try to.

OUTadjectiveUS /aʊt/

not allowed to continue to bat or run

From this reading WORKING IT OUT ON PAPER The next step after, and sometimes even before, you have thought out your great idea is to make a drawing of the invention it represents.

PAPERnounUS /ˈpeɪpər/

a material made of cellulose pulp derived mainly from wood or rags or certain grasses

From this reading WORKING IT OUT ON PAPER The next step after, and sometimes even before, you have thought out your great idea is to make a drawing of the invention it represents.

partsnounUS /pɑːrts/

the local environment

From this reading But if you can make a simple _working drawing_ of your device, that is a picture in which all of the parts are drawn in proportion, or to _scale_ as it is called, the whole thing will stand out clearly before you and you can see where it is wrong and make the needed changes on paper before you try to build a model.

pencilnounUS /ˈpensəl/

a thin cylindrical pointed writing implement; a rod of marking substance encased in wood

From this reading ~Tools for Making Simple Drawings.--~To make simple working drawings, or _mechanical drawings_ as they are called, all the tools you need are a good, straight 12-inch rule, as shown in Fig. 13, _compasses_ as shown in Fig. 14, a medium hard lead pencil, a rubber eraser and some smooth white paper.

perspectivenounUS /pərˈspektɪv/

a way of regarding situations or topics etc.

From this reading ~How to Make Simple Working Drawings.--~At A in Fig. 15 is shown a drawing in perspective, that is as it would look to the eye, of a _rectangular_ box, while B is a top view, C is a side view and D is an end view of the same box; of course the bottom and the other end and side cannot be seen but you can imagine pretty well that they are there if you try to.

picturenounUS /ˈpɪktʃər/

a visual representation (of an object or scene or person or abstraction) produced on a surface

From this reading But if you can make a simple _working drawing_ of your device, that is a picture in which all of the parts are drawn in proportion, or to _scale_ as it is called, the whole thing will stand out clearly before you and you can see where it is wrong and make the needed changes on paper before you try to build a model.

prettyadjectiveUS /ˈprɪti/

pleasing by delicacy or grace; not imposing

From this reading ~How to Make Simple Working Drawings.--~At A in Fig. 15 is shown a drawing in perspective, that is as it would look to the eye, of a _rectangular_ box, while B is a top view, C is a side view and D is an end view of the same box; of course the bottom and the other end and side cannot be seen but you can imagine pretty well that they are there if you try to.

proportionnounUS /prəˈpɔːrʃən/

the quotient obtained when the magnitude of a part is divided by the magnitude of the whole

From this reading But if you can make a simple _working drawing_ of your device, that is a picture in which all of the parts are drawn in proportion, or to _scale_ as it is called, the whole thing will stand out clearly before you and you can see where it is wrong and make the needed changes on paper before you try to build a model.

rectangularadjectiveUS /rekˈtæŋɡjələr/

having four right angles

From this reading ~How to Make Simple Working Drawings.--~At A in Fig. 15 is shown a drawing in perspective, that is as it would look to the eye, of a _rectangular_ box, while B is a top view, C is a side view and D is an end view of the same box; of course the bottom and the other end and side cannot be seen but you can imagine pretty well that they are there if you try to.

representsverbUS /ˌreprɪˈzents/

third-person singular of “represent” — take the place of or be parallel or equivalent to

From this reading WORKING IT OUT ON PAPER The next step after, and sometimes even before, you have thought out your great idea is to make a drawing of the invention it represents.

roughadjectiveUS /rʌf/

having or caused by an irregular surface

From this reading Nearly every one can do a little _free hand drawing_ and this is a good way to make rough sketches to aid the mind in further developing thought.

rubbernounUS /ˈrʌbər/

an elastic material obtained from the latex sap of trees (especially trees of the genera Hevea and Ficus) that can be vulcanized and finished into a variety of products

From this reading ~Tools for Making Simple Drawings.--~To make simple working drawings, or _mechanical drawings_ as they are called, all the tools you need are a good, straight 12-inch rule, as shown in Fig. 13, _compasses_ as shown in Fig. 14, a medium hard lead pencil, a rubber eraser and some smooth white paper.

rulenounUS /ruːl/

a principle or condition that customarily governs behavior

From this reading ~Tools for Making Simple Drawings.--~To make simple working drawings, or _mechanical drawings_ as they are called, all the tools you need are a good, straight 12-inch rule, as shown in Fig. 13, _compasses_ as shown in Fig. 14, a medium hard lead pencil, a rubber eraser and some smooth white paper.

sameadjectiveUS /seɪm/

Identical; not different.

From this reading ~How to Make Simple Working Drawings.--~At A in Fig. 15 is shown a drawing in perspective, that is as it would look to the eye, of a _rectangular_ box, while B is a top view, C is a side view and D is an end view of the same box; of course the bottom and the other end and side cannot be seen but you can imagine pretty well that they are there if you try to.

scalenounUS /skeɪl/

an ordered reference standard

From this reading But if you can make a simple _working drawing_ of your device, that is a picture in which all of the parts are drawn in proportion, or to _scale_ as it is called, the whole thing will stand out clearly before you and you can see where it is wrong and make the needed changes on paper before you try to build a model.

seeverbUS /siː/

perceive by sight or have the power to perceive by sight

From this reading But if you can make a simple _working drawing_ of your device, that is a picture in which all of the parts are drawn in proportion, or to _scale_ as it is called, the whole thing will stand out clearly before you and you can see where it is wrong and make the needed changes on paper before you try to build a model.

seenverbUS /siːn/

inflected form of “see” — perceive by sight or have the power to perceive by sight

From this reading ~How to Make Simple Working Drawings.--~At A in Fig. 15 is shown a drawing in perspective, that is as it would look to the eye, of a _rectangular_ box, while B is a top view, C is a side view and D is an end view of the same box; of course the bottom and the other end and side cannot be seen but you can imagine pretty well that they are there if you try to.

shownverbUS /ʃoʊn/

inflected form of “show” — give an exhibition of to an interested audience

From this reading ~Tools for Making Simple Drawings.--~To make simple working drawings, or _mechanical drawings_ as they are called, all the tools you need are a good, straight 12-inch rule, as shown in Fig. 13, _compasses_ as shown in Fig. 14, a medium hard lead pencil, a rubber eraser and some smooth white paper.

sidenounUS /saɪd/

a place within a region identified relative to a center or reference location

From this reading ~How to Make Simple Working Drawings.--~At A in Fig. 15 is shown a drawing in perspective, that is as it would look to the eye, of a _rectangular_ box, while B is a top view, C is a side view and D is an end view of the same box; of course the bottom and the other end and side cannot be seen but you can imagine pretty well that they are there if you try to.

simpleadjectiveUS /ˈsɪmpəl/

having few parts; not complex or complicated or involved

From this reading But if you can make a simple _working drawing_ of your device, that is a picture in which all of the parts are drawn in proportion, or to _scale_ as it is called, the whole thing will stand out clearly before you and you can see where it is wrong and make the needed changes on paper before you try to build a model.

sketchesnounUS /ˈsketʃəz/

plural of “sketch” — preliminary drawing for later elaboration

From this reading Nearly every one can do a little _free hand drawing_ and this is a good way to make rough sketches to aid the mind in further developing thought.

smoothadjectiveUS /smuːð/

having a surface free from roughness or bumps or ridges or irregularities

From this reading ~Tools for Making Simple Drawings.--~To make simple working drawings, or _mechanical drawings_ as they are called, all the tools you need are a good, straight 12-inch rule, as shown in Fig. 13, _compasses_ as shown in Fig. 14, a medium hard lead pencil, a rubber eraser and some smooth white paper.

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading ~Tools for Making Simple Drawings.--~To make simple working drawings, or _mechanical drawings_ as they are called, all the tools you need are a good, straight 12-inch rule, as shown in Fig. 13, _compasses_ as shown in Fig. 14, a medium hard lead pencil, a rubber eraser and some smooth white paper.

sometimesadverbUS /səmˈtaɪmz/

on certain occasions or in certain cases but not always

From this reading WORKING IT OUT ON PAPER The next step after, and sometimes even before, you have thought out your great idea is to make a drawing of the invention it represents.

standverbUS /stænd/

be standing; be upright

From this reading But if you can make a simple _working drawing_ of your device, that is a picture in which all of the parts are drawn in proportion, or to _scale_ as it is called, the whole thing will stand out clearly before you and you can see where it is wrong and make the needed changes on paper before you try to build a model.

stepnounUS /step/

any maneuver made as part of progress toward a goal

From this reading WORKING IT OUT ON PAPER The next step after, and sometimes even before, you have thought out your great idea is to make a drawing of the invention it represents.

straightadjectiveUS /streɪt/

successive (without a break)

From this reading ~Tools for Making Simple Drawings.--~To make simple working drawings, or _mechanical drawings_ as they are called, all the tools you need are a good, straight 12-inch rule, as shown in Fig. 13, _compasses_ as shown in Fig. 14, a medium hard lead pencil, a rubber eraser and some smooth white paper.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading But if you can make a simple _working drawing_ of your device, that is a picture in which all of the parts are drawn in proportion, or to _scale_ as it is called, the whole thing will stand out clearly before you and you can see where it is wrong and make the needed changes on paper before you try to build a model.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading WORKING IT OUT ON PAPER The next step after, and sometimes even before, you have thought out your great idea is to make a drawing of the invention it represents.

thereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading ~How to Make Simple Working Drawings.--~At A in Fig. 15 is shown a drawing in perspective, that is as it would look to the eye, of a _rectangular_ box, while B is a top view, C is a side view and D is an end view of the same box; of course the bottom and the other end and side cannot be seen but you can imagine pretty well that they are there if you try to.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading ~Tools for Making Simple Drawings.--~To make simple working drawings, or _mechanical drawings_ as they are called, all the tools you need are a good, straight 12-inch rule, as shown in Fig. 13, _compasses_ as shown in Fig. 14, a medium hard lead pencil, a rubber eraser and some smooth white paper.

thingnounUS /θɪŋ/

a special situation

From this reading But if you can make a simple _working drawing_ of your device, that is a picture in which all of the parts are drawn in proportion, or to _scale_ as it is called, the whole thing will stand out clearly before you and you can see where it is wrong and make the needed changes on paper before you try to build a model.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading Nearly every one can do a little _free hand drawing_ and this is a good way to make rough sketches to aid the mind in further developing thought.

thoughtnounUS /θɔːt/

the content of cognition; the main thing you are thinking about

From this reading WORKING IT OUT ON PAPER The next step after, and sometimes even before, you have thought out your great idea is to make a drawing of the invention it represents.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading WORKING IT OUT ON PAPER The next step after, and sometimes even before, you have thought out your great idea is to make a drawing of the invention it represents.

ToolsnounUS /tuːlz/

plural of “tool” — an implement used in the practice of a vocation

From this reading ~Tools for Making Simple Drawings.--~To make simple working drawings, or _mechanical drawings_ as they are called, all the tools you need are a good, straight 12-inch rule, as shown in Fig. 13, _compasses_ as shown in Fig. 14, a medium hard lead pencil, a rubber eraser and some smooth white paper.

topnounUS /tɑːp/

the upper part of anything

From this reading ~How to Make Simple Working Drawings.--~At A in Fig. 15 is shown a drawing in perspective, that is as it would look to the eye, of a _rectangular_ box, while B is a top view, C is a side view and D is an end view of the same box; of course the bottom and the other end and side cannot be seen but you can imagine pretty well that they are there if you try to.

tryverbUS /traɪ/

make an effort or attempt

From this reading But if you can make a simple _working drawing_ of your device, that is a picture in which all of the parts are drawn in proportion, or to _scale_ as it is called, the whole thing will stand out clearly before you and you can see where it is wrong and make the needed changes on paper before you try to build a model.

viewnounUS /vjuː/

a way of regarding situations or topics etc.

From this reading ~How to Make Simple Working Drawings.--~At A in Fig. 15 is shown a drawing in perspective, that is as it would look to the eye, of a _rectangular_ box, while B is a top view, C is a side view and D is an end view of the same box; of course the bottom and the other end and side cannot be seen but you can imagine pretty well that they are there if you try to.

waynounUS /weɪ/

how something is done or how it happens

From this reading Nearly every one can do a little _free hand drawing_ and this is a good way to make rough sketches to aid the mind in further developing thought.

welladverbUS /wel/

(often used as a combining form) in a good or proper or satisfactory manner or to a high standard (“good” is a nonstandard dialectal variant for “well”)

From this reading ~How to Make Simple Working Drawings.--~At A in Fig. 15 is shown a drawing in perspective, that is as it would look to the eye, of a _rectangular_ box, while B is a top view, C is a side view and D is an end view of the same box; of course the bottom and the other end and side cannot be seen but you can imagine pretty well that they are there if you try to.

whereconjunctionUS /wer/

in or at the place that

From this reading But if you can make a simple _working drawing_ of your device, that is a picture in which all of the parts are drawn in proportion, or to _scale_ as it is called, the whole thing will stand out clearly before you and you can see where it is wrong and make the needed changes on paper before you try to build a model.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading But if you can make a simple _working drawing_ of your device, that is a picture in which all of the parts are drawn in proportion, or to _scale_ as it is called, the whole thing will stand out clearly before you and you can see where it is wrong and make the needed changes on paper before you try to build a model.

whileconjunctionUS /waɪl/

during the time that

From this reading ~How to Make Simple Working Drawings.--~At A in Fig. 15 is shown a drawing in perspective, that is as it would look to the eye, of a _rectangular_ box, while B is a top view, C is a side view and D is an end view of the same box; of course the bottom and the other end and side cannot be seen but you can imagine pretty well that they are there if you try to.

whitenounUS /waɪt/

a Caucasian

From this reading ~Tools for Making Simple Drawings.--~To make simple working drawings, or _mechanical drawings_ as they are called, all the tools you need are a good, straight 12-inch rule, as shown in Fig. 13, _compasses_ as shown in Fig. 14, a medium hard lead pencil, a rubber eraser and some smooth white paper.

wholeadjectiveUS /hoʊl/

including all components without exception; being one unit or constituting the full amount or extent or duration; complete

From this reading But if you can make a simple _working drawing_ of your device, that is a picture in which all of the parts are drawn in proportion, or to _scale_ as it is called, the whole thing will stand out clearly before you and you can see where it is wrong and make the needed changes on paper before you try to build a model.

willmodal verbUS /wɪl/

used to talk about the future, or about willingness

From this reading But if you can make a simple _working drawing_ of your device, that is a picture in which all of the parts are drawn in proportion, or to _scale_ as it is called, the whole thing will stand out clearly before you and you can see where it is wrong and make the needed changes on paper before you try to build a model.

WORKINGadjectiveUS /ˈwɜːrkɪŋ/

actively engaged in paid work

From this reading WORKING IT OUT ON PAPER The next step after, and sometimes even before, you have thought out your great idea is to make a drawing of the invention it represents.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading ~How to Make Simple Working Drawings.--~At A in Fig. 15 is shown a drawing in perspective, that is as it would look to the eye, of a _rectangular_ box, while B is a top view, C is a side view and D is an end view of the same box; of course the bottom and the other end and side cannot be seen but you can imagine pretty well that they are there if you try to.

wrongadjectiveUS /rɔːŋ/

not correct; not in conformity with fact or truth

From this reading But if you can make a simple _working drawing_ of your device, that is a picture in which all of the parts are drawn in proportion, or to _scale_ as it is called, the whole thing will stand out clearly before you and you can see where it is wrong and make the needed changes on paper before you try to build a model.

youpronounUS /juː/

the person or people being spoken to

From this reading WORKING IT OUT ON PAPER The next step after, and sometimes even before, you have thought out your great idea is to make a drawing of the invention it represents.

yourdeterminerUS /jɔːr/

belonging to the person or people being spoken to

From this reading WORKING IT OUT ON PAPER The next step after, and sometimes even before, you have thought out your great idea is to make a drawing of the invention it represents.

Chapter 2 of Inventing for Boys by A. Frederick (Archie Frederick) Collins holds 105 sentences, grouped into 21 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 2 of Inventing for Boys contain?

Chapter 2 holds 105 sentences of Inventing for Boys, unabridged, divided into 21 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 2 of Inventing for Boys by A. Frederick (Archie Frederick) Collins exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 105 sentences, grouped into 21 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 2 of Inventing for Boys?

Work through the 21 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 21 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 2 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 2 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Inventing for Boys

Common questions about reading Inventing for Boys by A. Frederick (Archie Frederick) Collins on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Inventing for Boys?

Yes. All 1691 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #49064 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Inventing for Boys is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #49064, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Inventing for Boys take to read?

About 140 minutes of reading across 339 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Inventing for Boys section by section

How to work through Inventing for Boys section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 13 chapters of Inventing for Boys to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Inventing for Boys

Words and structures a reader meets early in Inventing for Boys, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Getting
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Inventing for Boys; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Almost
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Inventing for Boys; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Every
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Inventing for Boys; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Other
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Inventing for Boys; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.