Learn English through classic literature • Five-line readings • Clear US narration
VELMORA ACADEMY
Academy of Archival Languages & Memory Studies
Menu Close
Isaac Bickerstaff, Physician and Astrologer
Isaac Bickerstaff, Physician and Astrologer

Chapter IV · Chapter 4

Chapter 4 of Isaac Bickerstaff, Physician and Astrologer is here in full — 117 sentences across 24 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Isaac Bickerstaff, Physician and Astrologer
Context Illustration Reading 1/23 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
VIII.--LOVE AND SORROW.
From my own Apartment, October 17.
After the mind has been employed on contemplations suitable to its greatness, it is unnatural to run into sudden mirth or levity; but we must let the soul subside, as it rose, by proper degrees.
My late considerations of the ancient heroes impressed a certain gravity upon my mind, which is much above the little gratification received from starts of humour and fancy, and threw me into a pleasing sadness.
In this state of thought I have been looking at the fire, and in a pensive manner reflecting upon the great misfortunes and calamities incident to human life, among which there are none that touch so sensibly as those which befall persons who eminently love, and meet with fatal interruptions of their happiness when they least expect it.
0:00 / 0:00
Speed 0.75x
AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Isaac Bickerstaff, Physician and Astrologer

Chapter IV · Chapter 4

Chapter 4 of Isaac Bickerstaff, Physician and Astrologer is here in full — 117 sentences across 24 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/23 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
VIII.--LOVE AND SORROW.
Line 2
From my own Apartment, October 17.
Line 3
After the mind has been employed on contemplations suitable to its greatness, it is unnatural to run into sudden mirth or levity; but we must let the soul subside, as it rose, by proper degrees.
Line 4
My late considerations of the ancient heroes impressed a certain gravity upon my mind, which is much above the little gratification received from starts of humour and fancy, and threw me into a pleasing sadness.
/maɪ leɪt kənˌsɪdərˈeɪʃənz ʌv ðə ˈeɪn.ʃənt ˈhɪroʊz ˌɪmˈprest ə ˈsɜːrtən ˈɡrævəti əˈpɑːn maɪ maɪnd wɪtʃ ɪz mʌtʃ əˈbʌv ðə ˈlɪtəl ˌɡrætəfəˈkeɪʃən rəˈsiːvd frʌm stɑːrts ʌv ˈhjuːmər ənd ˈfænsi ənd θruː miː ˈɪntuː ə ˈpliːzɪŋ ˈsædnəs/
Line 5
In this state of thought I have been looking at the fire, and in a pensive manner reflecting upon the great misfortunes and calamities incident to human life, among which there are none that touch so sensibly as those which befall persons who eminently love, and meet with fatal interruptions of their happiness when they least expect it.
/ɪn ðɪs steɪt ʌv θɔːt aɪ hæv bɪn ˈlʊkɪŋ æt ðə ˈfaɪər ənd ɪn ə ˈpensɪv ˈmænər rɪˈflektɪŋ əˈpɑːn ðə ɡreɪt mɪˈsfɔːrtʃənz ənd kəˈlæmətiz ˈɪnsədənt tuː ˈhjuːmən laɪf əˈmʌŋ wɪtʃ ðer ɑːr nʌn ðæt tʌtʃ soʊ ˈsensəbli æz ðoʊz wɪtʃ bɪˈfɔːl ˈpɜːrsənz huː ˈemənəntli lʌv ənd miːt wɪð ˈfeɪtəl ˌɪntərˈʌpʃənz ʌv ðer ˈhæpinəs wen ðeɪ liːst ɪkˈspekt ɪt/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

befall verb US /bɪˈfɔːl/

become of; happen to

From this reading “In this state of thought I have been looking at the fire, and in a pensive manner reflecting upon the great misfortunes and calamities incident to human life, among which there are none that touch so sensibly as those which befall persons who eminently love, and meet with fatal interruptions of their happiness when they least expect it.”

calamities noun US /kəˈlæmətiz/

plural of “calamity” — an event resulting in great loss and misfortune

From this reading “In this state of thought I have been looking at the fire, and in a pensive manner reflecting upon the great misfortunes and calamities incident to human life, among which there are none that touch so sensibly as those which befall persons who eminently love, and meet with fatal interruptions of their happiness when they least expect it.”

eminently adverb US /ˈemənəntli/

in an eminent manner

From this reading “In this state of thought I have been looking at the fire, and in a pensive manner reflecting upon the great misfortunes and calamities incident to human life, among which there are none that touch so sensibly as those which befall persons who eminently love, and meet with fatal interruptions of their happiness when they least expect it.”

interruptions noun US /ˌɪntərˈʌpʃənz/

plural of “interruption” — an act of delaying or interrupting the continuity

From this reading “In this state of thought I have been looking at the fire, and in a pensive manner reflecting upon the great misfortunes and calamities incident to human life, among which there are none that touch so sensibly as those which befall persons who eminently love, and meet with fatal interruptions of their happiness when they least expect it.”

levity noun US /ˈlevɪti/

feeling an inappropriate lack of seriousness

From this reading “After the mind has been employed on contemplations suitable to its greatness, it is unnatural to run into sudden mirth or levity; but we must let the soul subside, as it rose, by proper degrees.”

pensive adjective US /ˈpensɪv/

deeply or seriously thoughtful

From this reading “In this state of thought I have been looking at the fire, and in a pensive manner reflecting upon the great misfortunes and calamities incident to human life, among which there are none that touch so sensibly as those which befall persons who eminently love, and meet with fatal interruptions of their happiness when they least expect it.”

sensibly adverb US /ˈsensəbli/

with good sense or in a reasonable or intelligent manner

From this reading “In this state of thought I have been looking at the fire, and in a pensive manner reflecting upon the great misfortunes and calamities incident to human life, among which there are none that touch so sensibly as those which befall persons who eminently love, and meet with fatal interruptions of their happiness when they least expect it.”

subside verb US /səbˈsaɪd/

wear off or die down

From this reading “After the mind has been employed on contemplations suitable to its greatness, it is unnatural to run into sudden mirth or levity; but we must let the soul subside, as it rose, by proper degrees.”

All words in this reading · 106

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

17

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading From my own Apartment, October 17.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading My late considerations of the ancient heroes impressed a certain gravity upon my mind, which is much above the little gratification received from starts of humour and fancy, and threw me into a pleasing sadness.

aboveprepositionUS /əˈbʌv/

higher than, or over, something

From this reading My late considerations of the ancient heroes impressed a certain gravity upon my mind, which is much above the little gratification received from starts of humour and fancy, and threw me into a pleasing sadness.

AfterprepositionUS /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading After the mind has been employed on contemplations suitable to its greatness, it is unnatural to run into sudden mirth or levity; but we must let the soul subside, as it rose, by proper degrees.

amongprepositionUS /əˈmʌŋ/

surrounded by; in the middle of a group

From this reading In this state of thought I have been looking at the fire, and in a pensive manner reflecting upon the great misfortunes and calamities incident to human life, among which there are none that touch so sensibly as those which befall persons who eminently love, and meet with fatal interruptions of their happiness when they least expect it.

ancientadjectiveUS /ˈeɪn.ʃənt/

Belonging to the very distant past and no longer in existence or deeply revered.

From this reading My late considerations of the ancient heroes impressed a certain gravity upon my mind, which is much above the little gratification received from starts of humour and fancy, and threw me into a pleasing sadness.

ANDconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading VIII.--LOVE AND SORROW.

ApartmentnounUS /əˈpɑːrtmənt/

a suite of rooms usually on one floor of an apartment house

From this reading From my own Apartment, October 17.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading In this state of thought I have been looking at the fire, and in a pensive manner reflecting upon the great misfortunes and calamities incident to human life, among which there are none that touch so sensibly as those which befall persons who eminently love, and meet with fatal interruptions of their happiness when they least expect it.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading After the mind has been employed on contemplations suitable to its greatness, it is unnatural to run into sudden mirth or levity; but we must let the soul subside, as it rose, by proper degrees.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading In this state of thought I have been looking at the fire, and in a pensive manner reflecting upon the great misfortunes and calamities incident to human life, among which there are none that touch so sensibly as those which befall persons who eminently love, and meet with fatal interruptions of their happiness when they least expect it.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading After the mind has been employed on contemplations suitable to its greatness, it is unnatural to run into sudden mirth or levity; but we must let the soul subside, as it rose, by proper degrees.

befallverbUS /bɪˈfɔːl/

become of; happen to

From this reading In this state of thought I have been looking at the fire, and in a pensive manner reflecting upon the great misfortunes and calamities incident to human life, among which there are none that touch so sensibly as those which befall persons who eminently love, and meet with fatal interruptions of their happiness when they least expect it.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading After the mind has been employed on contemplations suitable to its greatness, it is unnatural to run into sudden mirth or levity; but we must let the soul subside, as it rose, by proper degrees.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading After the mind has been employed on contemplations suitable to its greatness, it is unnatural to run into sudden mirth or levity; but we must let the soul subside, as it rose, by proper degrees.

calamitiesnounUS /kəˈlæmətiz/

plural of “calamity” — an event resulting in great loss and misfortune

From this reading In this state of thought I have been looking at the fire, and in a pensive manner reflecting upon the great misfortunes and calamities incident to human life, among which there are none that touch so sensibly as those which befall persons who eminently love, and meet with fatal interruptions of their happiness when they least expect it.

certainadjectiveUS /ˈsɜːrtən/

definite but not specified or identified

From this reading My late considerations of the ancient heroes impressed a certain gravity upon my mind, which is much above the little gratification received from starts of humour and fancy, and threw me into a pleasing sadness.

considerationsnounUS /kənˌsɪdərˈeɪʃənz/

plural of “consideration” — the process of giving careful thought to something

From this reading My late considerations of the ancient heroes impressed a certain gravity upon my mind, which is much above the little gratification received from starts of humour and fancy, and threw me into a pleasing sadness.

contemplations

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading After the mind has been employed on contemplations suitable to its greatness, it is unnatural to run into sudden mirth or levity; but we must let the soul subside, as it rose, by proper degrees.

degreesnounUS /dɪˈɡriːz/

plural of “degree” — a position on a scale of intensity or amount or quality

From this reading After the mind has been employed on contemplations suitable to its greatness, it is unnatural to run into sudden mirth or levity; but we must let the soul subside, as it rose, by proper degrees.

eminentlyadverbUS /ˈemənəntli/

in an eminent manner

From this reading In this state of thought I have been looking at the fire, and in a pensive manner reflecting upon the great misfortunes and calamities incident to human life, among which there are none that touch so sensibly as those which befall persons who eminently love, and meet with fatal interruptions of their happiness when they least expect it.

employedadjectiveUS /emˈplɔɪd/

having your services engaged for; or having a job especially one that pays wages or a salary

From this reading After the mind has been employed on contemplations suitable to its greatness, it is unnatural to run into sudden mirth or levity; but we must let the soul subside, as it rose, by proper degrees.

expectverbUS /ɪkˈspekt/

regard something as probable or likely

From this reading In this state of thought I have been looking at the fire, and in a pensive manner reflecting upon the great misfortunes and calamities incident to human life, among which there are none that touch so sensibly as those which befall persons who eminently love, and meet with fatal interruptions of their happiness when they least expect it.

fancynounUS /ˈfænsi/

something many people believe that is false

From this reading My late considerations of the ancient heroes impressed a certain gravity upon my mind, which is much above the little gratification received from starts of humour and fancy, and threw me into a pleasing sadness.

fataladjectiveUS /ˈfeɪtəl/

bringing death

From this reading In this state of thought I have been looking at the fire, and in a pensive manner reflecting upon the great misfortunes and calamities incident to human life, among which there are none that touch so sensibly as those which befall persons who eminently love, and meet with fatal interruptions of their happiness when they least expect it.

fireverbUS /ˈfaɪər/

start firing a weapon

From this reading In this state of thought I have been looking at the fire, and in a pensive manner reflecting upon the great misfortunes and calamities incident to human life, among which there are none that touch so sensibly as those which befall persons who eminently love, and meet with fatal interruptions of their happiness when they least expect it.

FromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading From my own Apartment, October 17.

gratificationnounUS /ˌɡrætəfəˈkeɪʃən/

state of being gratified or satisfied

From this reading My late considerations of the ancient heroes impressed a certain gravity upon my mind, which is much above the little gratification received from starts of humour and fancy, and threw me into a pleasing sadness.

gravitynounUS /ˈɡrævəti/

(physics) the force of attraction between all masses in the universe; especially the attraction of the earth's mass for bodies near its surface

From this reading My late considerations of the ancient heroes impressed a certain gravity upon my mind, which is much above the little gratification received from starts of humour and fancy, and threw me into a pleasing sadness.

greatadjectiveUS /ɡreɪt/

relatively large in size or number or extent; larger than others of its kind

From this reading In this state of thought I have been looking at the fire, and in a pensive manner reflecting upon the great misfortunes and calamities incident to human life, among which there are none that touch so sensibly as those which befall persons who eminently love, and meet with fatal interruptions of their happiness when they least expect it.

greatnessnounUS /ˈɡreɪtnəs/

the property possessed by something or someone of outstanding importance or eminence

From this reading After the mind has been employed on contemplations suitable to its greatness, it is unnatural to run into sudden mirth or levity; but we must let the soul subside, as it rose, by proper degrees.

happinessnounUS /ˈhæpinəs/

state of well-being characterized by emotions ranging from contentment to intense joy

From this reading In this state of thought I have been looking at the fire, and in a pensive manner reflecting upon the great misfortunes and calamities incident to human life, among which there are none that touch so sensibly as those which befall persons who eminently love, and meet with fatal interruptions of their happiness when they least expect it.

hasauxiliary verbUS /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading After the mind has been employed on contemplations suitable to its greatness, it is unnatural to run into sudden mirth or levity; but we must let the soul subside, as it rose, by proper degrees.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading In this state of thought I have been looking at the fire, and in a pensive manner reflecting upon the great misfortunes and calamities incident to human life, among which there are none that touch so sensibly as those which befall persons who eminently love, and meet with fatal interruptions of their happiness when they least expect it.

heroesnounUS /ˈhɪroʊz/

plural of “hero” — a man distinguished by exceptional courage and nobility and strength

From this reading My late considerations of the ancient heroes impressed a certain gravity upon my mind, which is much above the little gratification received from starts of humour and fancy, and threw me into a pleasing sadness.

humanadjectiveUS /ˈhjuːmən/

characteristic of humanity

From this reading In this state of thought I have been looking at the fire, and in a pensive manner reflecting upon the great misfortunes and calamities incident to human life, among which there are none that touch so sensibly as those which befall persons who eminently love, and meet with fatal interruptions of their happiness when they least expect it.

humournounUS /ˈhjuːmər/

a characteristic (habitual or relatively temporary) state of feeling

From this reading My late considerations of the ancient heroes impressed a certain gravity upon my mind, which is much above the little gratification received from starts of humour and fancy, and threw me into a pleasing sadness.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading In this state of thought I have been looking at the fire, and in a pensive manner reflecting upon the great misfortunes and calamities incident to human life, among which there are none that touch so sensibly as those which befall persons who eminently love, and meet with fatal interruptions of their happiness when they least expect it.

impressedadjectiveUS /ˌɪmˈprest/

deeply or markedly affected or influenced

From this reading My late considerations of the ancient heroes impressed a certain gravity upon my mind, which is much above the little gratification received from starts of humour and fancy, and threw me into a pleasing sadness.

InprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading In this state of thought I have been looking at the fire, and in a pensive manner reflecting upon the great misfortunes and calamities incident to human life, among which there are none that touch so sensibly as those which befall persons who eminently love, and meet with fatal interruptions of their happiness when they least expect it.

incidentnounUS /ˈɪnsədənt/

a single distinct event

From this reading In this state of thought I have been looking at the fire, and in a pensive manner reflecting upon the great misfortunes and calamities incident to human life, among which there are none that touch so sensibly as those which befall persons who eminently love, and meet with fatal interruptions of their happiness when they least expect it.

interruptionsnounUS /ˌɪntərˈʌpʃənz/

plural of “interruption” — an act of delaying or interrupting the continuity

From this reading In this state of thought I have been looking at the fire, and in a pensive manner reflecting upon the great misfortunes and calamities incident to human life, among which there are none that touch so sensibly as those which befall persons who eminently love, and meet with fatal interruptions of their happiness when they least expect it.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading After the mind has been employed on contemplations suitable to its greatness, it is unnatural to run into sudden mirth or levity; but we must let the soul subside, as it rose, by proper degrees.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading After the mind has been employed on contemplations suitable to its greatness, it is unnatural to run into sudden mirth or levity; but we must let the soul subside, as it rose, by proper degrees.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading After the mind has been employed on contemplations suitable to its greatness, it is unnatural to run into sudden mirth or levity; but we must let the soul subside, as it rose, by proper degrees.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading After the mind has been employed on contemplations suitable to its greatness, it is unnatural to run into sudden mirth or levity; but we must let the soul subside, as it rose, by proper degrees.

lateadjectiveUS /leɪt/

being or occurring at an advanced period of time or after a usual or expected time

From this reading My late considerations of the ancient heroes impressed a certain gravity upon my mind, which is much above the little gratification received from starts of humour and fancy, and threw me into a pleasing sadness.

leastadjectiveUS /liːst/

the superlative of “little” that can be used with mass nouns and is usually preceded by “the”; a quantifier meaning smallest in amount or extent or degree

From this reading In this state of thought I have been looking at the fire, and in a pensive manner reflecting upon the great misfortunes and calamities incident to human life, among which there are none that touch so sensibly as those which befall persons who eminently love, and meet with fatal interruptions of their happiness when they least expect it.

letauxiliary verbUS /let/

used to make a suggestion or a command including the speaker

From this reading After the mind has been employed on contemplations suitable to its greatness, it is unnatural to run into sudden mirth or levity; but we must let the soul subside, as it rose, by proper degrees.

levitynounUS /ˈlevɪti/

feeling an inappropriate lack of seriousness

From this reading After the mind has been employed on contemplations suitable to its greatness, it is unnatural to run into sudden mirth or levity; but we must let the soul subside, as it rose, by proper degrees.

lifenounUS /laɪf/

a characteristic state or mode of living

From this reading In this state of thought I have been looking at the fire, and in a pensive manner reflecting upon the great misfortunes and calamities incident to human life, among which there are none that touch so sensibly as those which befall persons who eminently love, and meet with fatal interruptions of their happiness when they least expect it.

littleadjectiveUS /ˈlɪtəl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading My late considerations of the ancient heroes impressed a certain gravity upon my mind, which is much above the little gratification received from starts of humour and fancy, and threw me into a pleasing sadness.

lookingnounUS /ˈlʊkɪŋ/

the act of directing the eyes toward something and perceiving it visually

From this reading In this state of thought I have been looking at the fire, and in a pensive manner reflecting upon the great misfortunes and calamities incident to human life, among which there are none that touch so sensibly as those which befall persons who eminently love, and meet with fatal interruptions of their happiness when they least expect it.

LOVEnounUS /lʌv/

a strong positive emotion of regard and affection

From this reading VIII.--LOVE AND SORROW.

mannernounUS /ˈmænər/

how something is done or how it happens

From this reading In this state of thought I have been looking at the fire, and in a pensive manner reflecting upon the great misfortunes and calamities incident to human life, among which there are none that touch so sensibly as those which befall persons who eminently love, and meet with fatal interruptions of their happiness when they least expect it.

mepronounUS /miː/

the person speaking, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading My late considerations of the ancient heroes impressed a certain gravity upon my mind, which is much above the little gratification received from starts of humour and fancy, and threw me into a pleasing sadness.

meetverbUS /miːt/

come together

From this reading In this state of thought I have been looking at the fire, and in a pensive manner reflecting upon the great misfortunes and calamities incident to human life, among which there are none that touch so sensibly as those which befall persons who eminently love, and meet with fatal interruptions of their happiness when they least expect it.

mindnounUS /maɪnd/

The element of a person that enables awareness and thought.

From this reading After the mind has been employed on contemplations suitable to its greatness, it is unnatural to run into sudden mirth or levity; but we must let the soul subside, as it rose, by proper degrees.

mirthnounUS /mɜːrθ/

great merriment

From this reading After the mind has been employed on contemplations suitable to its greatness, it is unnatural to run into sudden mirth or levity; but we must let the soul subside, as it rose, by proper degrees.

misfortunesnounUS /mɪˈsfɔːrtʃənz/

plural of “misfortune” — unnecessary and unforeseen trouble resulting from an unfortunate event

From this reading In this state of thought I have been looking at the fire, and in a pensive manner reflecting upon the great misfortunes and calamities incident to human life, among which there are none that touch so sensibly as those which befall persons who eminently love, and meet with fatal interruptions of their happiness when they least expect it.

muchadverbUS /mʌtʃ/

to a great degree or extent

From this reading My late considerations of the ancient heroes impressed a certain gravity upon my mind, which is much above the little gratification received from starts of humour and fancy, and threw me into a pleasing sadness.

mustmodal verbUS /mʌst/

used to say something is necessary, or almost certainly true

From this reading After the mind has been employed on contemplations suitable to its greatness, it is unnatural to run into sudden mirth or levity; but we must let the soul subside, as it rose, by proper degrees.

mydeterminerUS /maɪ/

belonging to the person speaking

From this reading From my own Apartment, October 17.

nonepronounUS /nʌn/

not one, and not any

From this reading In this state of thought I have been looking at the fire, and in a pensive manner reflecting upon the great misfortunes and calamities incident to human life, among which there are none that touch so sensibly as those which befall persons who eminently love, and meet with fatal interruptions of their happiness when they least expect it.

OctobernounUS /ɑːkˈtoʊbər/

the month following September and preceding November

From this reading From my own Apartment, October 17.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading My late considerations of the ancient heroes impressed a certain gravity upon my mind, which is much above the little gratification received from starts of humour and fancy, and threw me into a pleasing sadness.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading After the mind has been employed on contemplations suitable to its greatness, it is unnatural to run into sudden mirth or levity; but we must let the soul subside, as it rose, by proper degrees.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading After the mind has been employed on contemplations suitable to its greatness, it is unnatural to run into sudden mirth or levity; but we must let the soul subside, as it rose, by proper degrees.

ownverbUS /oʊn/

have ownership or possession of

From this reading From my own Apartment, October 17.

pensiveadjectiveUS /ˈpensɪv/

deeply or seriously thoughtful

From this reading In this state of thought I have been looking at the fire, and in a pensive manner reflecting upon the great misfortunes and calamities incident to human life, among which there are none that touch so sensibly as those which befall persons who eminently love, and meet with fatal interruptions of their happiness when they least expect it.

personsnounUS /ˈpɜːrsənz/

plural of “person” — a human being

From this reading In this state of thought I have been looking at the fire, and in a pensive manner reflecting upon the great misfortunes and calamities incident to human life, among which there are none that touch so sensibly as those which befall persons who eminently love, and meet with fatal interruptions of their happiness when they least expect it.

pleasingadjectiveUS /ˈpliːzɪŋ/

giving pleasure and satisfaction

From this reading My late considerations of the ancient heroes impressed a certain gravity upon my mind, which is much above the little gratification received from starts of humour and fancy, and threw me into a pleasing sadness.

properadjectiveUS /ˈprɑːpər/

marked by suitability or rightness or appropriateness

From this reading After the mind has been employed on contemplations suitable to its greatness, it is unnatural to run into sudden mirth or levity; but we must let the soul subside, as it rose, by proper degrees.

receivedadjectiveUS /rəˈsiːvd/

conforming to the established language usage of educated native speakers

From this reading My late considerations of the ancient heroes impressed a certain gravity upon my mind, which is much above the little gratification received from starts of humour and fancy, and threw me into a pleasing sadness.

reflectingadjectiveUS /rɪˈflektɪŋ/

causing reflection or having a device that reflects

From this reading In this state of thought I have been looking at the fire, and in a pensive manner reflecting upon the great misfortunes and calamities incident to human life, among which there are none that touch so sensibly as those which befall persons who eminently love, and meet with fatal interruptions of their happiness when they least expect it.

rosenounUS /roʊz/

any of many shrubs of the genus Rosa that bear roses

From this reading After the mind has been employed on contemplations suitable to its greatness, it is unnatural to run into sudden mirth or levity; but we must let the soul subside, as it rose, by proper degrees.

runverbUS /rʌn/

move fast by using one's feet, with one foot off the ground at any given time

From this reading After the mind has been employed on contemplations suitable to its greatness, it is unnatural to run into sudden mirth or levity; but we must let the soul subside, as it rose, by proper degrees.

sadnessnounUS /ˈsædnəs/

emotions experienced when not in a state of well-being

From this reading My late considerations of the ancient heroes impressed a certain gravity upon my mind, which is much above the little gratification received from starts of humour and fancy, and threw me into a pleasing sadness.

sensiblyadverbUS /ˈsensəbli/

with good sense or in a reasonable or intelligent manner

From this reading In this state of thought I have been looking at the fire, and in a pensive manner reflecting upon the great misfortunes and calamities incident to human life, among which there are none that touch so sensibly as those which befall persons who eminently love, and meet with fatal interruptions of their happiness when they least expect it.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading In this state of thought I have been looking at the fire, and in a pensive manner reflecting upon the great misfortunes and calamities incident to human life, among which there are none that touch so sensibly as those which befall persons who eminently love, and meet with fatal interruptions of their happiness when they least expect it.

SORROWnounUS /ˈsɑːroʊ/

an emotion of great sadness associated with loss or bereavement

From this reading VIII.--LOVE AND SORROW.

soulnounUS /soʊl/

the immaterial part of a person; the actuating cause of an individual life

From this reading After the mind has been employed on contemplations suitable to its greatness, it is unnatural to run into sudden mirth or levity; but we must let the soul subside, as it rose, by proper degrees.

startsnounUS /stɑːrts/

plural of “start” — the beginning of anything

From this reading My late considerations of the ancient heroes impressed a certain gravity upon my mind, which is much above the little gratification received from starts of humour and fancy, and threw me into a pleasing sadness.

statenounUS /steɪt/

the territory occupied by one of the constituent administrative districts of a nation

From this reading In this state of thought I have been looking at the fire, and in a pensive manner reflecting upon the great misfortunes and calamities incident to human life, among which there are none that touch so sensibly as those which befall persons who eminently love, and meet with fatal interruptions of their happiness when they least expect it.

subsideverbUS /səbˈsaɪd/

wear off or die down

From this reading After the mind has been employed on contemplations suitable to its greatness, it is unnatural to run into sudden mirth or levity; but we must let the soul subside, as it rose, by proper degrees.

suddenadjectiveUS /ˈsʌdən/

happening without warning or in a short space of time

From this reading After the mind has been employed on contemplations suitable to its greatness, it is unnatural to run into sudden mirth or levity; but we must let the soul subside, as it rose, by proper degrees.

suitableadjectiveUS /ˈsuːtəbəl/

meant or adapted for an occasion or use

From this reading After the mind has been employed on contemplations suitable to its greatness, it is unnatural to run into sudden mirth or levity; but we must let the soul subside, as it rose, by proper degrees.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading In this state of thought I have been looking at the fire, and in a pensive manner reflecting upon the great misfortunes and calamities incident to human life, among which there are none that touch so sensibly as those which befall persons who eminently love, and meet with fatal interruptions of their happiness when they least expect it.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading After the mind has been employed on contemplations suitable to its greatness, it is unnatural to run into sudden mirth or levity; but we must let the soul subside, as it rose, by proper degrees.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading In this state of thought I have been looking at the fire, and in a pensive manner reflecting upon the great misfortunes and calamities incident to human life, among which there are none that touch so sensibly as those which befall persons who eminently love, and meet with fatal interruptions of their happiness when they least expect it.

thereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading In this state of thought I have been looking at the fire, and in a pensive manner reflecting upon the great misfortunes and calamities incident to human life, among which there are none that touch so sensibly as those which befall persons who eminently love, and meet with fatal interruptions of their happiness when they least expect it.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading In this state of thought I have been looking at the fire, and in a pensive manner reflecting upon the great misfortunes and calamities incident to human life, among which there are none that touch so sensibly as those which befall persons who eminently love, and meet with fatal interruptions of their happiness when they least expect it.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading In this state of thought I have been looking at the fire, and in a pensive manner reflecting upon the great misfortunes and calamities incident to human life, among which there are none that touch so sensibly as those which befall persons who eminently love, and meet with fatal interruptions of their happiness when they least expect it.

thosedeterminerUS /ðoʊz/

the plural of “that”: the people or things further away, or already known

From this reading In this state of thought I have been looking at the fire, and in a pensive manner reflecting upon the great misfortunes and calamities incident to human life, among which there are none that touch so sensibly as those which befall persons who eminently love, and meet with fatal interruptions of their happiness when they least expect it.

thoughtnounUS /θɔːt/

the content of cognition; the main thing you are thinking about

From this reading In this state of thought I have been looking at the fire, and in a pensive manner reflecting upon the great misfortunes and calamities incident to human life, among which there are none that touch so sensibly as those which befall persons who eminently love, and meet with fatal interruptions of their happiness when they least expect it.

threwverbUS /θruː/

inflected form of “throw” — propel through the air

From this reading My late considerations of the ancient heroes impressed a certain gravity upon my mind, which is much above the little gratification received from starts of humour and fancy, and threw me into a pleasing sadness.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading After the mind has been employed on contemplations suitable to its greatness, it is unnatural to run into sudden mirth or levity; but we must let the soul subside, as it rose, by proper degrees.

touchverbUS /tʌtʃ/

make physical contact with, come in contact with

From this reading In this state of thought I have been looking at the fire, and in a pensive manner reflecting upon the great misfortunes and calamities incident to human life, among which there are none that touch so sensibly as those which befall persons who eminently love, and meet with fatal interruptions of their happiness when they least expect it.

unnaturaladjectiveUS /ənˈnætʃərəl/

not in accordance with or determined by nature; contrary to nature

From this reading After the mind has been employed on contemplations suitable to its greatness, it is unnatural to run into sudden mirth or levity; but we must let the soul subside, as it rose, by proper degrees.

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading My late considerations of the ancient heroes impressed a certain gravity upon my mind, which is much above the little gratification received from starts of humour and fancy, and threw me into a pleasing sadness.

VIIInoun

the cardinal number that is the sum of seven and one

From this reading VIII.--LOVE AND SORROW.

wepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading After the mind has been employed on contemplations suitable to its greatness, it is unnatural to run into sudden mirth or levity; but we must let the soul subside, as it rose, by proper degrees.

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading In this state of thought I have been looking at the fire, and in a pensive manner reflecting upon the great misfortunes and calamities incident to human life, among which there are none that touch so sensibly as those which befall persons who eminently love, and meet with fatal interruptions of their happiness when they least expect it.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading My late considerations of the ancient heroes impressed a certain gravity upon my mind, which is much above the little gratification received from starts of humour and fancy, and threw me into a pleasing sadness.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading In this state of thought I have been looking at the fire, and in a pensive manner reflecting upon the great misfortunes and calamities incident to human life, among which there are none that touch so sensibly as those which befall persons who eminently love, and meet with fatal interruptions of their happiness when they least expect it.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading In this state of thought I have been looking at the fire, and in a pensive manner reflecting upon the great misfortunes and calamities incident to human life, among which there are none that touch so sensibly as those which befall persons who eminently love, and meet with fatal interruptions of their happiness when they least expect it.

Chapter 4 of Isaac Bickerstaff, Physician and Astrologer by Richard, Sir Steele holds 117 sentences, grouped into 24 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the public-domain source, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 4 of Isaac Bickerstaff, Physician and Astrologer contain?

Chapter 4 holds 117 sentences of Isaac Bickerstaff, Physician and Astrologer, unabridged, divided into 24 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 4 of Isaac Bickerstaff, Physician and Astrologer by Richard, Sir Steele exactly as it stands in the public-domain source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 117 sentences, grouped into 24 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 4 of Isaac Bickerstaff, Physician and Astrologer?

Work through the 24 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 24 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 4 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 4 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Isaac Bickerstaff, Physician and Astrologer

Common questions about reading Isaac Bickerstaff, Physician and Astrologer by Richard, Sir Steele on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Isaac Bickerstaff, Physician and Astrologer?

Yes. All 1398 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #2644 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Isaac Bickerstaff, Physician and Astrologer is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #2644, a public-domain edition. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Isaac Bickerstaff, Physician and Astrologer take to read?

About 116 minutes of reading across 280 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Isaac Bickerstaff, Physician and Astrologer section by section

How to work through Isaac Bickerstaff, Physician and Astrologer section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 11 chapters of Isaac Bickerstaff, Physician and Astrologer to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Isaac Bickerstaff, Physician and Astrologer

Words and structures a reader meets early in Isaac Bickerstaff, Physician and Astrologer, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Richard
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Isaac Bickerstaff, Physician and Astrologer; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Steele
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Isaac Bickerstaff, Physician and Astrologer; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Papers
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Isaac Bickerstaff, Physician and Astrologer; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Steele's
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Isaac Bickerstaff, Physician and Astrologer; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.