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Islands of Space
Islands of Space

Chapter IV · Chapter 4

Chapter 4 of Islands of Space is here in full — 432 sentences across 87 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Islands of Space
Context Illustration Reading 1/86 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
"The light from our own ship has come back to us, due to the intense curvature of the space which encloses us.
In normal space, a light ray would take hundreds of millions of years to travel all the way around the Universe and return to its point of origin.
Theoretically, it would be possible to photograph our own Galaxy as it was thousands of millennia ago by the light which left it then and has traveled all the way around the curvature of space.
"But our space has such terrific curvature that it only takes a fraction of a second for light to make the trip.
It has gone all the way around our little cosmos and come back again.
0:00 / 0:00
Speed 0.75x
AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Islands of Space

Chapter IV · Chapter 4

Chapter 4 of Islands of Space is here in full — 432 sentences across 87 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/86 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
"The light from our own ship has come back to us, due to the intense curvature of the space which encloses us.
Line 2
In normal space, a light ray would take hundreds of millions of years to travel all the way around the Universe and return to its point of origin.
/ɪn ˈnɔːrməl speɪs ə laɪt reɪ wʊd teɪk ˈhʌndrədz ʌv ˈmɪljənz ʌv jɪrz tuː ˈtrævəl ɔːl ðə weɪ ərˈaʊnd ðə ˈjuːnəvɜːrs ənd rɪˈtɜːrn tuː ɪts pɔɪnt ʌv ˈɔːrədʒən/
Line 3
Theoretically, it would be possible to photograph our own Galaxy as it was thousands of millennia ago by the light which left it then and has traveled all the way around the curvature of space.
/ˌθiːərˈetɪkəli ɪt wʊd biː ˈpɑːsəbəl tuː ˈfoʊtəɡræf ˈaʊər oʊn ˈɡæləksi æz ɪt wɑːz ˈθaʊzəndz ʌv məˈleniə əˈɡoʊ baɪ ðə laɪt wɪtʃ left ɪt ðen ənd hæz ˈtrævəld ɔːl ðə weɪ ərˈaʊnd ðə ˈkɜːrvətʃər ʌv speɪs/
Line 4
"But our space has such terrific curvature that it only takes a fraction of a second for light to make the trip.
/bʌt ˈaʊər speɪs hæz sʌtʃ tərˈɪfɪk ˈkɜːrvətʃər ðæt ɪt ˈoʊnli teɪks ə ˈfrækʃən ʌv ə ˈsekənd fɔːr laɪt tuː meɪk ðə trɪp/
Line 5
It has gone all the way around our little cosmos and come back again.
/ɪt hæz ɡɔːn ɔːl ðə weɪ ərˈaʊnd ˈaʊər ˈlɪtəl ˈkɑːz.moʊs ənd kʌm bæk əˈɡen/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

cosmos noun US /ˈkɑːz.moʊs/

The universe seen as a well-ordered whole governed by rational nature.

From this reading “It has gone all the way around our little cosmos and come back again.”

curvature noun US /ˈkɜːrvətʃər/

(medicine) a curving or bending; often abnormal

From this reading “"The light from our own ship has come back to us, due to the intense curvature of the space which encloses us.”

fraction noun US /ˈfrækʃən/

a component of a mixture that has been separated by a fractional process

From this reading “"But our space has such terrific curvature that it only takes a fraction of a second for light to make the trip.”

Galaxy noun US /ˈɡæləksi/

a splendid assemblage (especially of famous people)

From this reading “Theoretically, it would be possible to photograph our own Galaxy as it was thousands of millennia ago by the light which left it then and has traveled all the way around the curvature of space.”

millennia noun US /məˈleniə/

plural of “millennium” — a span of 1000 years

From this reading “Theoretically, it would be possible to photograph our own Galaxy as it was thousands of millennia ago by the light which left it then and has traveled all the way around the curvature of space.”

normal adjective US /ˈnɔːrməl/

conforming with or constituting a norm or standard or level or type or social norm; not abnormal

From this reading “In normal space, a light ray would take hundreds of millions of years to travel all the way around the Universe and return to its point of origin.”

Theoretically adverb US /ˌθiːərˈetɪkəli/

in theory; according to the assumed facts

From this reading “Theoretically, it would be possible to photograph our own Galaxy as it was thousands of millennia ago by the light which left it then and has traveled all the way around the curvature of space.”

traveled adjective US /ˈtrævəld/

traveled over or through; sometimes used as a combining term

From this reading “Theoretically, it would be possible to photograph our own Galaxy as it was thousands of millennia ago by the light which left it then and has traveled all the way around the curvature of space.”

All words in this reading · 67

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading In normal space, a light ray would take hundreds of millions of years to travel all the way around the Universe and return to its point of origin.

againadverbUS /əˈɡen/

anew

From this reading It has gone all the way around our little cosmos and come back again.

agoadverbUS /əˈɡoʊ/

in the past

From this reading Theoretically, it would be possible to photograph our own Galaxy as it was thousands of millennia ago by the light which left it then and has traveled all the way around the curvature of space.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading In normal space, a light ray would take hundreds of millions of years to travel all the way around the Universe and return to its point of origin.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading In normal space, a light ray would take hundreds of millions of years to travel all the way around the Universe and return to its point of origin.

aroundprepositionUS /ərˈaʊnd/

surrounding, or on every side of, something

From this reading In normal space, a light ray would take hundreds of millions of years to travel all the way around the Universe and return to its point of origin.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading Theoretically, it would be possible to photograph our own Galaxy as it was thousands of millennia ago by the light which left it then and has traveled all the way around the curvature of space.

backadverbUS /bæk/

in or to or toward a former location

From this reading "The light from our own ship has come back to us, due to the intense curvature of the space which encloses us.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading Theoretically, it would be possible to photograph our own Galaxy as it was thousands of millennia ago by the light which left it then and has traveled all the way around the curvature of space.

ButconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading "But our space has such terrific curvature that it only takes a fraction of a second for light to make the trip.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading Theoretically, it would be possible to photograph our own Galaxy as it was thousands of millennia ago by the light which left it then and has traveled all the way around the curvature of space.

comeverbUS /kʌm/

move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody

From this reading "The light from our own ship has come back to us, due to the intense curvature of the space which encloses us.

cosmosnounUS /ˈkɑːz.moʊs/

The universe seen as a well-ordered whole governed by rational nature.

From this reading It has gone all the way around our little cosmos and come back again.

curvaturenounUS /ˈkɜːrvətʃər/

(medicine) a curving or bending; often abnormal

From this reading "The light from our own ship has come back to us, due to the intense curvature of the space which encloses us.

dueadjectiveUS /duː/

owed and payable immediately or on demand

From this reading "The light from our own ship has come back to us, due to the intense curvature of the space which encloses us.

encloses

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "The light from our own ship has come back to us, due to the intense curvature of the space which encloses us.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading "But our space has such terrific curvature that it only takes a fraction of a second for light to make the trip.

fractionnounUS /ˈfrækʃən/

a component of a mixture that has been separated by a fractional process

From this reading "But our space has such terrific curvature that it only takes a fraction of a second for light to make the trip.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading "The light from our own ship has come back to us, due to the intense curvature of the space which encloses us.

GalaxynounUS /ˈɡæləksi/

a splendid assemblage (especially of famous people)

From this reading Theoretically, it would be possible to photograph our own Galaxy as it was thousands of millennia ago by the light which left it then and has traveled all the way around the curvature of space.

goneadjectiveUS /ɡɔːn/

destroyed or killed

From this reading It has gone all the way around our little cosmos and come back again.

hasauxiliary verbUS /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading "The light from our own ship has come back to us, due to the intense curvature of the space which encloses us.

hundredsnounUS /ˈhʌndrədz/

plural of “hundred” — ten 10s

From this reading In normal space, a light ray would take hundreds of millions of years to travel all the way around the Universe and return to its point of origin.

InprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading In normal space, a light ray would take hundreds of millions of years to travel all the way around the Universe and return to its point of origin.

intenseadjectiveUS /ˌɪnˈtens/

possessing or displaying a distinctive feature to a heightened degree

From this reading "The light from our own ship has come back to us, due to the intense curvature of the space which encloses us.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading Theoretically, it would be possible to photograph our own Galaxy as it was thousands of millennia ago by the light which left it then and has traveled all the way around the curvature of space.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading In normal space, a light ray would take hundreds of millions of years to travel all the way around the Universe and return to its point of origin.

leftnounUS /left/

location near or direction toward the left side; i.e. the side to the north when a person or object faces east

From this reading Theoretically, it would be possible to photograph our own Galaxy as it was thousands of millennia ago by the light which left it then and has traveled all the way around the curvature of space.

lightadjectiveUS /laɪt/

of comparatively little physical weight or density

From this reading "The light from our own ship has come back to us, due to the intense curvature of the space which encloses us.

littleadjectiveUS /ˈlɪtəl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading It has gone all the way around our little cosmos and come back again.

makeverbUS /meɪk/

engage in

From this reading "But our space has such terrific curvature that it only takes a fraction of a second for light to make the trip.

millennianounUS /məˈleniə/

plural of “millennium” — a span of 1000 years

From this reading Theoretically, it would be possible to photograph our own Galaxy as it was thousands of millennia ago by the light which left it then and has traveled all the way around the curvature of space.

millionsnounUS /ˈmɪljənz/

plural of “million” — the number that is represented as a one followed by 6 zeros

From this reading In normal space, a light ray would take hundreds of millions of years to travel all the way around the Universe and return to its point of origin.

normaladjectiveUS /ˈnɔːrməl/

conforming with or constituting a norm or standard or level or type or social norm; not abnormal

From this reading In normal space, a light ray would take hundreds of millions of years to travel all the way around the Universe and return to its point of origin.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading "The light from our own ship has come back to us, due to the intense curvature of the space which encloses us.

onlyadverbUS /ˈoʊnli/

and nothing more

From this reading "But our space has such terrific curvature that it only takes a fraction of a second for light to make the trip.

originnounUS /ˈɔːrədʒən/

the place where something begins, where it springs into being

From this reading In normal space, a light ray would take hundreds of millions of years to travel all the way around the Universe and return to its point of origin.

ourdeterminerUS /ˈaʊər/

belonging to the speaker and others

From this reading "The light from our own ship has come back to us, due to the intense curvature of the space which encloses us.

ownverbUS /oʊn/

have ownership or possession of

From this reading "The light from our own ship has come back to us, due to the intense curvature of the space which encloses us.

photographverbUS /ˈfoʊtəɡræf/

record on photographic film

From this reading Theoretically, it would be possible to photograph our own Galaxy as it was thousands of millennia ago by the light which left it then and has traveled all the way around the curvature of space.

pointnounUS /pɔɪnt/

a geometric element that has position but no extension

From this reading In normal space, a light ray would take hundreds of millions of years to travel all the way around the Universe and return to its point of origin.

possibleadjectiveUS /ˈpɑːsəbəl/

capable of happening or existing

From this reading Theoretically, it would be possible to photograph our own Galaxy as it was thousands of millennia ago by the light which left it then and has traveled all the way around the curvature of space.

raynounUS /reɪ/

a column of light (as from a beacon)

From this reading In normal space, a light ray would take hundreds of millions of years to travel all the way around the Universe and return to its point of origin.

returnverbUS /rɪˈtɜːrn/

go or come back to place, condition, or activity where one has been before

From this reading In normal space, a light ray would take hundreds of millions of years to travel all the way around the Universe and return to its point of origin.

secondnounUS /ˈsekənd/

1/60 of a minute; the basic unit of time adopted under the Systeme International d'Unites

From this reading "But our space has such terrific curvature that it only takes a fraction of a second for light to make the trip.

shipverbUS /ʃɪp/

transport commercially

From this reading "The light from our own ship has come back to us, due to the intense curvature of the space which encloses us.

spacenounUS /speɪs/

the unlimited expanse in which everything is located

From this reading "The light from our own ship has come back to us, due to the intense curvature of the space which encloses us.

suchdeterminerUS /sʌtʃ/

of the kind already mentioned

From this reading "But our space has such terrific curvature that it only takes a fraction of a second for light to make the trip.

takeverbUS /teɪk/

carry out

From this reading In normal space, a light ray would take hundreds of millions of years to travel all the way around the Universe and return to its point of origin.

takesnounUS /teɪks/

plural of “take” — the income or profit arising from such transactions as the sale of land or other property

From this reading "But our space has such terrific curvature that it only takes a fraction of a second for light to make the trip.

terrificadjectiveUS /tərˈɪfɪk/

very great or intense

From this reading "But our space has such terrific curvature that it only takes a fraction of a second for light to make the trip.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading "But our space has such terrific curvature that it only takes a fraction of a second for light to make the trip.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading "The light from our own ship has come back to us, due to the intense curvature of the space which encloses us.

thenadverbUS /ðen/

subsequently or soon afterward (often used as sentence connectors)

From this reading Theoretically, it would be possible to photograph our own Galaxy as it was thousands of millennia ago by the light which left it then and has traveled all the way around the curvature of space.

TheoreticallyadverbUS /ˌθiːərˈetɪkəli/

in theory; according to the assumed facts

From this reading Theoretically, it would be possible to photograph our own Galaxy as it was thousands of millennia ago by the light which left it then and has traveled all the way around the curvature of space.

thousandsnounUS /ˈθaʊzəndz/

plural of “thousand” — the cardinal number that is the product of 10 and 100

From this reading Theoretically, it would be possible to photograph our own Galaxy as it was thousands of millennia ago by the light which left it then and has traveled all the way around the curvature of space.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading "The light from our own ship has come back to us, due to the intense curvature of the space which encloses us.

travelverbUS /ˈtrævəl/

change location; move, travel, or proceed, also metaphorically

From this reading In normal space, a light ray would take hundreds of millions of years to travel all the way around the Universe and return to its point of origin.

traveledadjectiveUS /ˈtrævəld/

traveled over or through; sometimes used as a combining term

From this reading Theoretically, it would be possible to photograph our own Galaxy as it was thousands of millennia ago by the light which left it then and has traveled all the way around the curvature of space.

tripnounUS /trɪp/

a journey for some purpose (usually including the return)

From this reading "But our space has such terrific curvature that it only takes a fraction of a second for light to make the trip.

UniversenounUS /ˈjuːnəvɜːrs/

everything that exists anywhere

From this reading In normal space, a light ray would take hundreds of millions of years to travel all the way around the Universe and return to its point of origin.

uspronounUS /ʌs/

the speaker and others, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading "The light from our own ship has come back to us, due to the intense curvature of the space which encloses us.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Theoretically, it would be possible to photograph our own Galaxy as it was thousands of millennia ago by the light which left it then and has traveled all the way around the curvature of space.

waynounUS /weɪ/

how something is done or how it happens

From this reading In normal space, a light ray would take hundreds of millions of years to travel all the way around the Universe and return to its point of origin.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading "The light from our own ship has come back to us, due to the intense curvature of the space which encloses us.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading In normal space, a light ray would take hundreds of millions of years to travel all the way around the Universe and return to its point of origin.

yearsnounUS /jɪrz/

a late time of life

From this reading In normal space, a light ray would take hundreds of millions of years to travel all the way around the Universe and return to its point of origin.

Chapter 4 of Islands of Space by John W., Jr. (John Wood) Campbell holds 432 sentences, grouped into 87 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 4 of Islands of Space contain?

Chapter 4 holds 432 sentences of Islands of Space, unabridged, divided into 87 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 4 of Islands of Space by John W., Jr. (John Wood) Campbell exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 432 sentences, grouped into 87 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 4 of Islands of Space?

Work through the 87 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 87 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 4 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 4 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Islands of Space

Common questions about reading Islands of Space by John W., Jr. (John Wood) Campbell on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Islands of Space?

Yes. All 4347 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #20988 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Islands of Space is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #20988, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Islands of Space take to read?

About 362 minutes of reading across 870 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Islands of Space section by section

How to work through Islands of Space section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 10 chapters of Islands of Space to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Islands of Space

Words and structures a reader meets early in Islands of Space, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Earth's
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Islands of Space; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Faster-than-light
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Islands of Space; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Spaceship
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Islands of Space; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Between
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Islands of Space; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.