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Italian Letters, Vols. I and II
Italian Letters, Vols. I and II

Chapter III · Chapter 3

Chapter 3 of Italian Letters, Vols. I and II is here in full — 478 sentences across 96 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Italian Letters, Vols. I and II
Context Illustration Reading 1/95 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
Hear me, my Rinaldo, and let my words sink deep into your bosom.
Into your hands I commit the most precious jewel that was ever intrusted to the custody of a friend.
You are the arbiter of my fate.
More, much more than my life is in your disposal.
If you should betray me, you will commit a crime, that laughs to scorn the frivolity of all former baseness.
0:00 / 0:00
Speed 0.75x
AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Italian Letters, Vols. I and II

Chapter III · Chapter 3

Chapter 3 of Italian Letters, Vols. I and II is here in full — 478 sentences across 96 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/95 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Hear me, my Rinaldo, and let my words sink deep into your bosom.
Line 2
Into your hands I commit the most precious jewel that was ever intrusted to the custody of a friend.
Line 3
You are the arbiter of my fate.
/juː ɑːr ðə ˈɑːrbɪtər ʌv maɪ feɪt/
Line 4
More, much more than my life is in your disposal.
/mɔːr mʌtʃ mɔːr ðæn maɪ laɪf ɪz ɪn jɔːr dɪˈspoʊzəl/
Line 5
If you should betray me, you will commit a crime, that laughs to scorn the frivolity of all former baseness.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

arbiter noun US /ˈɑːrbɪtər/

someone with the power to settle matters at will

From this reading “You are the arbiter of my fate.”

betray verb US /bɪˈtreɪ/

reveal unintentionally

From this reading “If you should betray me, you will commit a crime, that laughs to scorn the frivolity of all former baseness.”

commit verb US /kəˈmɪt/

perform an act, usually with a negative connotation

From this reading “Into your hands I commit the most precious jewel that was ever intrusted to the custody of a friend.”

custody noun US /ˈkʌstədi/

a state of being confined (usually for a short time)

From this reading “Into your hands I commit the most precious jewel that was ever intrusted to the custody of a friend.”

disposal noun US /dɪˈspoʊzəl/

the power to use something or someone

From this reading “More, much more than my life is in your disposal.”

frivolity noun US /frəˈvɑːləti/

the trait of being frivolous; not serious or sensible

From this reading “If you should betray me, you will commit a crime, that laughs to scorn the frivolity of all former baseness.”

jewel noun US /ˈdʒuːəl/

a precious or semiprecious stone incorporated into a piece of jewelry

From this reading “Into your hands I commit the most precious jewel that was ever intrusted to the custody of a friend.”

laughs noun US /læfs/

plural of “laugh” — the sound of laughing

From this reading “If you should betray me, you will commit a crime, that laughs to scorn the frivolity of all former baseness.”

All words in this reading · 50

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Into your hands I commit the most precious jewel that was ever intrusted to the custody of a friend.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading If you should betray me, you will commit a crime, that laughs to scorn the frivolity of all former baseness.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Hear me, my Rinaldo, and let my words sink deep into your bosom.

arbiternounUS /ˈɑːrbɪtər/

someone with the power to settle matters at will

From this reading You are the arbiter of my fate.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading You are the arbiter of my fate.

basenessnoun

unworthiness by virtue of lacking higher values

From this reading If you should betray me, you will commit a crime, that laughs to scorn the frivolity of all former baseness.

betrayverbUS /bɪˈtreɪ/

reveal unintentionally

From this reading If you should betray me, you will commit a crime, that laughs to scorn the frivolity of all former baseness.

bosomnounUS /ˈbʊzəm/

the chest considered as the place where secret thoughts are kept

From this reading Hear me, my Rinaldo, and let my words sink deep into your bosom.

commitverbUS /kəˈmɪt/

perform an act, usually with a negative connotation

From this reading Into your hands I commit the most precious jewel that was ever intrusted to the custody of a friend.

crimenounUS /kraɪm/

(criminal law) an act punishable by law; usually considered an evil act

From this reading If you should betray me, you will commit a crime, that laughs to scorn the frivolity of all former baseness.

custodynounUS /ˈkʌstədi/

a state of being confined (usually for a short time)

From this reading Into your hands I commit the most precious jewel that was ever intrusted to the custody of a friend.

deepadjectiveUS /diːp/

relatively deep or strong; affecting one deeply

From this reading Hear me, my Rinaldo, and let my words sink deep into your bosom.

disposalnounUS /dɪˈspoʊzəl/

the power to use something or someone

From this reading More, much more than my life is in your disposal.

everadverbUS /ˈevər/

at any time

From this reading Into your hands I commit the most precious jewel that was ever intrusted to the custody of a friend.

fatenounUS /feɪt/

an event (or a course of events) that will inevitably happen in the future

From this reading You are the arbiter of my fate.

formeradjectiveUS /ˈfɔːrmər/

referring to the first of two things or persons mentioned (or the earlier one or ones of several)

From this reading If you should betray me, you will commit a crime, that laughs to scorn the frivolity of all former baseness.

friendnounUS /frend/

a person you know well and regard with affection and trust

From this reading Into your hands I commit the most precious jewel that was ever intrusted to the custody of a friend.

frivolitynounUS /frəˈvɑːləti/

the trait of being frivolous; not serious or sensible

From this reading If you should betray me, you will commit a crime, that laughs to scorn the frivolity of all former baseness.

handsnounUS /hændz/

(with “in”) guardianship over; in divorce cases it is the right to house and care for and discipline a child

From this reading Into your hands I commit the most precious jewel that was ever intrusted to the custody of a friend.

HearverbUS /hiːr/

perceive (sound) via the auditory sense

From this reading Hear me, my Rinaldo, and let my words sink deep into your bosom.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading Into your hands I commit the most precious jewel that was ever intrusted to the custody of a friend.

IfconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading If you should betray me, you will commit a crime, that laughs to scorn the frivolity of all former baseness.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading More, much more than my life is in your disposal.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading Hear me, my Rinaldo, and let my words sink deep into your bosom.

intrusted

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Into your hands I commit the most precious jewel that was ever intrusted to the custody of a friend.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading More, much more than my life is in your disposal.

jewelnounUS /ˈdʒuːəl/

a precious or semiprecious stone incorporated into a piece of jewelry

From this reading Into your hands I commit the most precious jewel that was ever intrusted to the custody of a friend.

laughsnounUS /læfs/

plural of “laugh” — the sound of laughing

From this reading If you should betray me, you will commit a crime, that laughs to scorn the frivolity of all former baseness.

letauxiliary verbUS /let/

used to make a suggestion or a command including the speaker

From this reading Hear me, my Rinaldo, and let my words sink deep into your bosom.

lifenounUS /laɪf/

a characteristic state or mode of living

From this reading More, much more than my life is in your disposal.

mepronounUS /miː/

the person speaking, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading Hear me, my Rinaldo, and let my words sink deep into your bosom.

MoreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading More, much more than my life is in your disposal.

mostadverbUS /moʊst/

used to form the superlative

From this reading Into your hands I commit the most precious jewel that was ever intrusted to the custody of a friend.

muchadverbUS /mʌtʃ/

to a great degree or extent

From this reading More, much more than my life is in your disposal.

mydeterminerUS /maɪ/

belonging to the person speaking

From this reading Hear me, my Rinaldo, and let my words sink deep into your bosom.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Into your hands I commit the most precious jewel that was ever intrusted to the custody of a friend.

preciousadjectiveUS /ˈpreʃəs/

characterized by feeling or showing fond affection for

From this reading Into your hands I commit the most precious jewel that was ever intrusted to the custody of a friend.

Rinaldo

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Hear me, my Rinaldo, and let my words sink deep into your bosom.

scornnounUS /skɔːrn/

lack of respect accompanied by a feeling of intense dislike

From this reading If you should betray me, you will commit a crime, that laughs to scorn the frivolity of all former baseness.

shouldmodal verbUS /ʃʊd/

used to say what is right, expected, or advisable

From this reading If you should betray me, you will commit a crime, that laughs to scorn the frivolity of all former baseness.

sinkverbUS /sɪŋk/

fall or descend to a lower place or level

From this reading Hear me, my Rinaldo, and let my words sink deep into your bosom.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading More, much more than my life is in your disposal.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading Into your hands I commit the most precious jewel that was ever intrusted to the custody of a friend.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Into your hands I commit the most precious jewel that was ever intrusted to the custody of a friend.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Into your hands I commit the most precious jewel that was ever intrusted to the custody of a friend.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Into your hands I commit the most precious jewel that was ever intrusted to the custody of a friend.

willmodal verbUS /wɪl/

used to talk about the future, or about willingness

From this reading If you should betray me, you will commit a crime, that laughs to scorn the frivolity of all former baseness.

wordsnounUS /wɜːrdz/

the words that are spoken

From this reading Hear me, my Rinaldo, and let my words sink deep into your bosom.

YoupronounUS /juː/

the person or people being spoken to

From this reading You are the arbiter of my fate.

yourdeterminerUS /jɔːr/

belonging to the person or people being spoken to

From this reading Hear me, my Rinaldo, and let my words sink deep into your bosom.

Chapter 3 of Italian Letters, Vols. I and II by William Godwin holds 478 sentences, grouped into 96 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 3 of Italian Letters, Vols. I and II contain?

Chapter 3 holds 478 sentences of Italian Letters, Vols. I and II, unabridged, divided into 96 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 3 of Italian Letters, Vols. I and II by William Godwin exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 478 sentences, grouped into 96 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 3 of Italian Letters, Vols. I and II?

Work through the 96 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 96 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 3 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 3 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Italian Letters, Vols. I and II

Common questions about reading Italian Letters, Vols. I and II by William Godwin on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Italian Letters, Vols. I and II?

Yes. All 1929 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #9299 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Italian Letters, Vols. I and II is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #9299, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Italian Letters, Vols. I and II take to read?

About 160 minutes of reading across 386 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Italian Letters, Vols. I and II section by section

How to work through Italian Letters, Vols. I and II section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 4 chapters of Italian Letters, Vols. I and II to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Italian Letters, Vols. I and II

Words and structures a reader meets early in Italian Letters, Vols. I and II, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

History
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Italian Letters, Vols. I and II; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Count
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Italian Letters, Vols. I and II; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Julian
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Italian Letters, Vols. I and II; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Edited
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Italian Letters, Vols. I and II; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.