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Ivar the Viking
Ivar the Viking

Chapter III

Chapter 3 of Ivar the Viking is here in full — 67 sentences across 14 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/13 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
THE VIKING LAND, AND THE VIKINGS AT the period of which I write, the land of the Vikings embraced the islands of the Baltic and those of the small and the great “Belt” leading into that sea, the country known to-day as Scandinavia, which embraces the large peninsula of Sweden and Norway, and the small peninsula of Jutland.
The whole land was virtually surrounded by sea.
Great fortifications had been built on the southern peninsula of Jutland between the two fjords which enter it from opposite sides, so that no incursion could take place from the land to the south.
The large islands, especially, were seats of great maritime power and wealth.
All the tribes were of a common origin and kindred; they had the same customs and religion, practised the same burial rites, intermarried, and spoke the same language which was called the Norranean tongue.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Ivar the Viking

Chapter III

Chapter 3 of Ivar the Viking is here in full — 67 sentences across 14 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/13 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
THE VIKING LAND, AND THE VIKINGS AT the period of which I write, the land of the Vikings embraced the islands of the Baltic and those of the small and the great “Belt” leading into that sea, the country known to-day as Scandinavia, which embraces the large peninsula of Sweden and Norway, and the small peninsula of Jutland.
Line 2
The whole land was virtually surrounded by sea.
/ðə hoʊl lænd wɑːz ˈvɜːrtʃuːəli sərˈaʊndɪd baɪ siː/
Line 3
Great fortifications had been built on the southern peninsula of Jutland between the two fjords which enter it from opposite sides, so that no incursion could take place from the land to the south.
/ɡreɪt ˌfɔːrtəfəˈkeɪʃənz hæd bɪn bɪlt ɑːn ðə ˈsʌðərn pəˈnɪnsələ ʌv ˈdʒʌtlənd bɪˈtwiːn ðə tuː fjɔːrdz wɪtʃ ˈentər ɪt frʌm ˈɑːpəzət saɪdz soʊ ðæt noʊ ˌɪnˈkɜːrʒən kʊd teɪk pleɪs frʌm ðə lænd tuː ðə saʊθ/
Line 4
The large islands, especially, were seats of great maritime power and wealth.
/ðə lɑːrdʒ ˈaɪləndz əˈspeʃli wɜːr siːts ʌv ɡreɪt ˈmerətaɪm ˈpaʊər ənd welθ/
Line 5
All the tribes were of a common origin and kindred; they had the same customs and religion, practised the same burial rites, intermarried, and spoke the same language which was called the Norranean tongue.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

Baltic noun US /ˈbɔːltɪk/

a sea in northern Europe; stronghold of the Russian navy

From this reading “THE VIKING LAND, AND THE VIKINGS AT the period of which I write, the land of the Vikings embraced the islands of the Baltic and those of the small and the great “Belt” leading into that sea, the country known to-day as Scandinavia, which embraces the large peninsula of Sweden and Norway, and the small peninsula of Jutland.”

fjords noun US /fjɔːrdz/

plural of “fjord” — a long narrow inlet of the sea between steep cliffs; common in Norway

From this reading “Great fortifications had been built on the southern peninsula of Jutland between the two fjords which enter it from opposite sides, so that no incursion could take place from the land to the south.”

incursion noun US /ˌɪnˈkɜːrʒən/

the act of entering some territory or domain (often in large numbers)

From this reading “Great fortifications had been built on the southern peninsula of Jutland between the two fjords which enter it from opposite sides, so that no incursion could take place from the land to the south.”

intermarried verb US /ˌɪntərˈmærid/

inflected form of “intermarry” — marry within the same ethnic, social, or family group

From this reading “All the tribes were of a common origin and kindred; they had the same customs and religion, practised the same burial rites, intermarried, and spoke the same language which was called the Norranean tongue.”

Jutland noun US /ˈdʒʌtlənd/

peninsula in northern Europe that forms the continental part of Denmark and a northern part of Germany

From this reading “THE VIKING LAND, AND THE VIKINGS AT the period of which I write, the land of the Vikings embraced the islands of the Baltic and those of the small and the great “Belt” leading into that sea, the country known to-day as Scandinavia, which embraces the large peninsula of Sweden and Norway, and the small peninsula of Jutland.”

maritime adjective US /ˈmerətaɪm/

relating to or involving ships or shipping or navigation or seamen

From this reading “The large islands, especially, were seats of great maritime power and wealth.”

Scandinavia noun US /ˌskændɪˈneɪviə/

the peninsula in northern Europe occupied by Norway and Sweden

From this reading “THE VIKING LAND, AND THE VIKINGS AT the period of which I write, the land of the Vikings embraced the islands of the Baltic and those of the small and the great “Belt” leading into that sea, the country known to-day as Scandinavia, which embraces the large peninsula of Sweden and Norway, and the small peninsula of Jutland.”

vikings noun US /ˈvaɪkɪŋz/

plural of “viking” — any of the Scandinavian people who raided the coasts of Europe from the 8th to the 11th centuries

From this reading “THE VIKING LAND, AND THE VIKINGS AT the period of which I write, the land of the Vikings embraced the islands of the Baltic and those of the small and the great “Belt” leading into that sea, the country known to-day as Scandinavia, which embraces the large peninsula of Sweden and Norway, and the small peninsula of Jutland.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

opposite sides adjective + noun counted as “opposite side”

In this reading “Great fortifications had been built on the southern peninsula of Jutland between the two fjords which enter it from opposite sides, so that no incursion could take place from the land to the south.”

between the two preposition + article + noun counted as “between … two”

In this reading “Great fortifications had been built on the southern peninsula of Jutland between the two fjords which enter it from opposite sides, so that no incursion could take place from the land to the south.”

take place verb + noun

come to pass

In this reading “Great fortifications had been built on the southern peninsula of Jutland between the two fjords which enter it from opposite sides, so that no incursion could take place from the land to the south.”

large islands adjective + noun counted as “large island”

In this reading “The large islands, especially, were seats of great maritime power and wealth.”

same language adjective + noun

In this reading “All the tribes were of a common origin and kindred; they had the same customs and religion, practised the same burial rites, intermarried, and spoke the same language which was called the Norranean tongue.”

All words in this reading · 85

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading All the tribes were of a common origin and kindred; they had the same customs and religion, practised the same burial rites, intermarried, and spoke the same language which was called the Norranean tongue.

AlladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading All the tribes were of a common origin and kindred; they had the same customs and religion, practised the same burial rites, intermarried, and spoke the same language which was called the Norranean tongue.

ANDconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading THE VIKING LAND, AND THE VIKINGS AT the period of which I write, the land of the Vikings embraced the islands of the Baltic and those of the small and the great “Belt” leading into that sea, the country known to-day as Scandinavia, which embraces the large peninsula of Sweden and Norway, and the small peninsula of Jutland.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading THE VIKING LAND, AND THE VIKINGS AT the period of which I write, the land of the Vikings embraced the islands of the Baltic and those of the small and the great “Belt” leading into that sea, the country known to-day as Scandinavia, which embraces the large peninsula of Sweden and Norway, and the small peninsula of Jutland.

ATprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading THE VIKING LAND, AND THE VIKINGS AT the period of which I write, the land of the Vikings embraced the islands of the Baltic and those of the small and the great “Belt” leading into that sea, the country known to-day as Scandinavia, which embraces the large peninsula of Sweden and Norway, and the small peninsula of Jutland.

BalticnounUS /ˈbɔːltɪk/

a sea in northern Europe; stronghold of the Russian navy

From this reading THE VIKING LAND, AND THE VIKINGS AT the period of which I write, the land of the Vikings embraced the islands of the Baltic and those of the small and the great “Belt” leading into that sea, the country known to-day as Scandinavia, which embraces the large peninsula of Sweden and Norway, and the small peninsula of Jutland.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading Great fortifications had been built on the southern peninsula of Jutland between the two fjords which enter it from opposite sides, so that no incursion could take place from the land to the south.

BeltnounUS /belt/

endless loop of flexible material between two rotating shafts or pulleys

From this reading THE VIKING LAND, AND THE VIKINGS AT the period of which I write, the land of the Vikings embraced the islands of the Baltic and those of the small and the great “Belt” leading into that sea, the country known to-day as Scandinavia, which embraces the large peninsula of Sweden and Norway, and the small peninsula of Jutland.

betweenprepositionUS /bɪˈtwiːn/

in the space, time, or range separating two things

From this reading Great fortifications had been built on the southern peninsula of Jutland between the two fjords which enter it from opposite sides, so that no incursion could take place from the land to the south.

builtadjectiveUS /bɪlt/

(used of soaps or cleaning agents) having a substance (an abrasive or filler) added to increase effectiveness

From this reading Great fortifications had been built on the southern peninsula of Jutland between the two fjords which enter it from opposite sides, so that no incursion could take place from the land to the south.

burialnounUS /ˈberiəl/

the ritual placing of a corpse in a grave

From this reading All the tribes were of a common origin and kindred; they had the same customs and religion, practised the same burial rites, intermarried, and spoke the same language which was called the Norranean tongue.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading The whole land was virtually surrounded by sea.

calledverbUS /kɔːld/

past form of “call” — assign a specified (usually proper) proper name to

From this reading All the tribes were of a common origin and kindred; they had the same customs and religion, practised the same burial rites, intermarried, and spoke the same language which was called the Norranean tongue.

commonadjectiveUS /ˈkɑːmən/

belonging to or participated in by a community as a whole; public

From this reading All the tribes were of a common origin and kindred; they had the same customs and religion, practised the same burial rites, intermarried, and spoke the same language which was called the Norranean tongue.

couldmodal verbUS /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading Great fortifications had been built on the southern peninsula of Jutland between the two fjords which enter it from opposite sides, so that no incursion could take place from the land to the south.

countrynounUS /ˈkʌntri/

a politically organized body of people under a single government

From this reading THE VIKING LAND, AND THE VIKINGS AT the period of which I write, the land of the Vikings embraced the islands of the Baltic and those of the small and the great “Belt” leading into that sea, the country known to-day as Scandinavia, which embraces the large peninsula of Sweden and Norway, and the small peninsula of Jutland.

customsnounUS /ˈkʌstəmz/

money collected under a tariff

From this reading All the tribes were of a common origin and kindred; they had the same customs and religion, practised the same burial rites, intermarried, and spoke the same language which was called the Norranean tongue.

embracedverbUS /emˈbreɪst/

past form of “embrace” — include in scope; include as part of something broader; have as one's sphere or territory

From this reading THE VIKING LAND, AND THE VIKINGS AT the period of which I write, the land of the Vikings embraced the islands of the Baltic and those of the small and the great “Belt” leading into that sea, the country known to-day as Scandinavia, which embraces the large peninsula of Sweden and Norway, and the small peninsula of Jutland.

embracesnounUS /emˈbreɪsɪz/

plural of “embrace” — the act of clasping another person in the arms (as in greeting or affection)

From this reading THE VIKING LAND, AND THE VIKINGS AT the period of which I write, the land of the Vikings embraced the islands of the Baltic and those of the small and the great “Belt” leading into that sea, the country known to-day as Scandinavia, which embraces the large peninsula of Sweden and Norway, and the small peninsula of Jutland.

enterverbUS /ˈentər/

to come or go into

From this reading Great fortifications had been built on the southern peninsula of Jutland between the two fjords which enter it from opposite sides, so that no incursion could take place from the land to the south.

especiallyadverbUS /əˈspeʃli/

to a distinctly greater extent or degree than is common

From this reading The large islands, especially, were seats of great maritime power and wealth.

fjordsnounUS /fjɔːrdz/

plural of “fjord” — a long narrow inlet of the sea between steep cliffs; common in Norway

From this reading Great fortifications had been built on the southern peninsula of Jutland between the two fjords which enter it from opposite sides, so that no incursion could take place from the land to the south.

fortificationsnounUS /ˌfɔːrtəfəˈkeɪʃənz/

plural of “fortification” — defensive structure consisting of walls or mounds built around a stronghold to strengthen it

From this reading Great fortifications had been built on the southern peninsula of Jutland between the two fjords which enter it from opposite sides, so that no incursion could take place from the land to the south.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading Great fortifications had been built on the southern peninsula of Jutland between the two fjords which enter it from opposite sides, so that no incursion could take place from the land to the south.

greatadjectiveUS /ɡreɪt/

relatively large in size or number or extent; larger than others of its kind

From this reading THE VIKING LAND, AND THE VIKINGS AT the period of which I write, the land of the Vikings embraced the islands of the Baltic and those of the small and the great “Belt” leading into that sea, the country known to-day as Scandinavia, which embraces the large peninsula of Sweden and Norway, and the small peninsula of Jutland.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading Great fortifications had been built on the southern peninsula of Jutland between the two fjords which enter it from opposite sides, so that no incursion could take place from the land to the south.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading THE VIKING LAND, AND THE VIKINGS AT the period of which I write, the land of the Vikings embraced the islands of the Baltic and those of the small and the great “Belt” leading into that sea, the country known to-day as Scandinavia, which embraces the large peninsula of Sweden and Norway, and the small peninsula of Jutland.

incursionnounUS /ˌɪnˈkɜːrʒən/

the act of entering some territory or domain (often in large numbers)

From this reading Great fortifications had been built on the southern peninsula of Jutland between the two fjords which enter it from opposite sides, so that no incursion could take place from the land to the south.

intermarriedverbUS /ˌɪntərˈmærid/

inflected form of “intermarry” — marry within the same ethnic, social, or family group

From this reading All the tribes were of a common origin and kindred; they had the same customs and religion, practised the same burial rites, intermarried, and spoke the same language which was called the Norranean tongue.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading THE VIKING LAND, AND THE VIKINGS AT the period of which I write, the land of the Vikings embraced the islands of the Baltic and those of the small and the great “Belt” leading into that sea, the country known to-day as Scandinavia, which embraces the large peninsula of Sweden and Norway, and the small peninsula of Jutland.

islandsnounUS /ˈaɪləndz/

plural of “island” — a land mass (smaller than a continent) that is surrounded by water

From this reading THE VIKING LAND, AND THE VIKINGS AT the period of which I write, the land of the Vikings embraced the islands of the Baltic and those of the small and the great “Belt” leading into that sea, the country known to-day as Scandinavia, which embraces the large peninsula of Sweden and Norway, and the small peninsula of Jutland.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading Great fortifications had been built on the southern peninsula of Jutland between the two fjords which enter it from opposite sides, so that no incursion could take place from the land to the south.

JutlandnounUS /ˈdʒʌtlənd/

peninsula in northern Europe that forms the continental part of Denmark and a northern part of Germany

From this reading THE VIKING LAND, AND THE VIKINGS AT the period of which I write, the land of the Vikings embraced the islands of the Baltic and those of the small and the great “Belt” leading into that sea, the country known to-day as Scandinavia, which embraces the large peninsula of Sweden and Norway, and the small peninsula of Jutland.

kindredadjectiveUS /ˈkɪndrɪd/

similar in quality or character

From this reading All the tribes were of a common origin and kindred; they had the same customs and religion, practised the same burial rites, intermarried, and spoke the same language which was called the Norranean tongue.

knownadjectiveUS /noʊn/

apprehended with certainty

From this reading THE VIKING LAND, AND THE VIKINGS AT the period of which I write, the land of the Vikings embraced the islands of the Baltic and those of the small and the great “Belt” leading into that sea, the country known to-day as Scandinavia, which embraces the large peninsula of Sweden and Norway, and the small peninsula of Jutland.

LANDnounUS /lænd/

the land on which real estate is located

From this reading THE VIKING LAND, AND THE VIKINGS AT the period of which I write, the land of the Vikings embraced the islands of the Baltic and those of the small and the great “Belt” leading into that sea, the country known to-day as Scandinavia, which embraces the large peninsula of Sweden and Norway, and the small peninsula of Jutland.

languagenounUS /ˈlæŋɡwədʒ/

a systematic means of communicating by the use of sounds or conventional symbols

From this reading All the tribes were of a common origin and kindred; they had the same customs and religion, practised the same burial rites, intermarried, and spoke the same language which was called the Norranean tongue.

largeadjectiveUS /lɑːrdʒ/

above average in size or number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading THE VIKING LAND, AND THE VIKINGS AT the period of which I write, the land of the Vikings embraced the islands of the Baltic and those of the small and the great “Belt” leading into that sea, the country known to-day as Scandinavia, which embraces the large peninsula of Sweden and Norway, and the small peninsula of Jutland.

leadingadjectiveUS /ˈliːdɪŋ/

indicating the most important performer or role

From this reading THE VIKING LAND, AND THE VIKINGS AT the period of which I write, the land of the Vikings embraced the islands of the Baltic and those of the small and the great “Belt” leading into that sea, the country known to-day as Scandinavia, which embraces the large peninsula of Sweden and Norway, and the small peninsula of Jutland.

maritimeadjectiveUS /ˈmerətaɪm/

relating to or involving ships or shipping or navigation or seamen

From this reading The large islands, especially, were seats of great maritime power and wealth.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading Great fortifications had been built on the southern peninsula of Jutland between the two fjords which enter it from opposite sides, so that no incursion could take place from the land to the south.

Norranean

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading All the tribes were of a common origin and kindred; they had the same customs and religion, practised the same burial rites, intermarried, and spoke the same language which was called the Norranean tongue.

NorwaynounUS /ˈnɔːrweɪ/

a constitutional monarchy in northern Europe on the western side of the Scandinavian Peninsula; achieved independence from Sweden in 1905

From this reading THE VIKING LAND, AND THE VIKINGS AT the period of which I write, the land of the Vikings embraced the islands of the Baltic and those of the small and the great “Belt” leading into that sea, the country known to-day as Scandinavia, which embraces the large peninsula of Sweden and Norway, and the small peninsula of Jutland.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading THE VIKING LAND, AND THE VIKINGS AT the period of which I write, the land of the Vikings embraced the islands of the Baltic and those of the small and the great “Belt” leading into that sea, the country known to-day as Scandinavia, which embraces the large peninsula of Sweden and Norway, and the small peninsula of Jutland.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading Great fortifications had been built on the southern peninsula of Jutland between the two fjords which enter it from opposite sides, so that no incursion could take place from the land to the south.

oppositeadjectiveUS /ˈɑːpəzət/

being directly across from each other; facing

From this reading Great fortifications had been built on the southern peninsula of Jutland between the two fjords which enter it from opposite sides, so that no incursion could take place from the land to the south.

originnounUS /ˈɔːrədʒən/

the place where something begins, where it springs into being

From this reading All the tribes were of a common origin and kindred; they had the same customs and religion, practised the same burial rites, intermarried, and spoke the same language which was called the Norranean tongue.

peninsulanounUS /pəˈnɪnsələ/

a large mass of land projecting into a body of water

From this reading THE VIKING LAND, AND THE VIKINGS AT the period of which I write, the land of the Vikings embraced the islands of the Baltic and those of the small and the great “Belt” leading into that sea, the country known to-day as Scandinavia, which embraces the large peninsula of Sweden and Norway, and the small peninsula of Jutland.

periodnounUS /ˈpɪriəd/

an amount of time

From this reading THE VIKING LAND, AND THE VIKINGS AT the period of which I write, the land of the Vikings embraced the islands of the Baltic and those of the small and the great “Belt” leading into that sea, the country known to-day as Scandinavia, which embraces the large peninsula of Sweden and Norway, and the small peninsula of Jutland.

placenounUS /pleɪs/

a point located with respect to surface features of some region

From this reading Great fortifications had been built on the southern peninsula of Jutland between the two fjords which enter it from opposite sides, so that no incursion could take place from the land to the south.

powernounUS /ˈpaʊər/

possession of controlling influence

From this reading The large islands, especially, were seats of great maritime power and wealth.

practisedadjectiveUS /ˈpræktɪst/

skillful after much practice

From this reading All the tribes were of a common origin and kindred; they had the same customs and religion, practised the same burial rites, intermarried, and spoke the same language which was called the Norranean tongue.

religionnounUS /rɪˈlɪdʒən/

a strong belief in a supernatural power or powers that control human destiny

From this reading All the tribes were of a common origin and kindred; they had the same customs and religion, practised the same burial rites, intermarried, and spoke the same language which was called the Norranean tongue.

ritesnounUS /raɪts/

plural of “rite” — an established ceremony prescribed by a religion

From this reading All the tribes were of a common origin and kindred; they had the same customs and religion, practised the same burial rites, intermarried, and spoke the same language which was called the Norranean tongue.

sameadjectiveUS /seɪm/

Identical; not different.

From this reading All the tribes were of a common origin and kindred; they had the same customs and religion, practised the same burial rites, intermarried, and spoke the same language which was called the Norranean tongue.

ScandinavianounUS /ˌskændɪˈneɪviə/

the peninsula in northern Europe occupied by Norway and Sweden

From this reading THE VIKING LAND, AND THE VIKINGS AT the period of which I write, the land of the Vikings embraced the islands of the Baltic and those of the small and the great “Belt” leading into that sea, the country known to-day as Scandinavia, which embraces the large peninsula of Sweden and Norway, and the small peninsula of Jutland.

seanounUS /siː/

a division of an ocean or a large body of salt water partially enclosed by land

From this reading THE VIKING LAND, AND THE VIKINGS AT the period of which I write, the land of the Vikings embraced the islands of the Baltic and those of the small and the great “Belt” leading into that sea, the country known to-day as Scandinavia, which embraces the large peninsula of Sweden and Norway, and the small peninsula of Jutland.

seatsnounUS /siːts/

an area that includes places where several people can sit

From this reading The large islands, especially, were seats of great maritime power and wealth.

sidesnounUS /saɪdz/

plural of “side” — a place within a region identified relative to a center or reference location

From this reading Great fortifications had been built on the southern peninsula of Jutland between the two fjords which enter it from opposite sides, so that no incursion could take place from the land to the south.

smalladjectiveUS /smɔːl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading THE VIKING LAND, AND THE VIKINGS AT the period of which I write, the land of the Vikings embraced the islands of the Baltic and those of the small and the great “Belt” leading into that sea, the country known to-day as Scandinavia, which embraces the large peninsula of Sweden and Norway, and the small peninsula of Jutland.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading Great fortifications had been built on the southern peninsula of Jutland between the two fjords which enter it from opposite sides, so that no incursion could take place from the land to the south.

southnounUS /saʊθ/

the region of the United States lying to the south of the Mason-Dixon line

From this reading Great fortifications had been built on the southern peninsula of Jutland between the two fjords which enter it from opposite sides, so that no incursion could take place from the land to the south.

southernadjectiveUS /ˈsʌðərn/

in or characteristic of a region of the United States south of (approximately) the Mason-Dixon line

From this reading Great fortifications had been built on the southern peninsula of Jutland between the two fjords which enter it from opposite sides, so that no incursion could take place from the land to the south.

spokenounUS /spoʊk/

support consisting of a radial member of a wheel joining the hub to the rim

From this reading All the tribes were of a common origin and kindred; they had the same customs and religion, practised the same burial rites, intermarried, and spoke the same language which was called the Norranean tongue.

surroundedadjectiveUS /sərˈaʊndɪd/

confined on all sides

From this reading The whole land was virtually surrounded by sea.

SwedennounUS /ˈswiːdən/

a Scandinavian kingdom in the eastern part of the Scandinavian Peninsula

From this reading THE VIKING LAND, AND THE VIKINGS AT the period of which I write, the land of the Vikings embraced the islands of the Baltic and those of the small and the great “Belt” leading into that sea, the country known to-day as Scandinavia, which embraces the large peninsula of Sweden and Norway, and the small peninsula of Jutland.

takeverbUS /teɪk/

carry out

From this reading Great fortifications had been built on the southern peninsula of Jutland between the two fjords which enter it from opposite sides, so that no incursion could take place from the land to the south.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading THE VIKING LAND, AND THE VIKINGS AT the period of which I write, the land of the Vikings embraced the islands of the Baltic and those of the small and the great “Belt” leading into that sea, the country known to-day as Scandinavia, which embraces the large peninsula of Sweden and Norway, and the small peninsula of Jutland.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading THE VIKING LAND, AND THE VIKINGS AT the period of which I write, the land of the Vikings embraced the islands of the Baltic and those of the small and the great “Belt” leading into that sea, the country known to-day as Scandinavia, which embraces the large peninsula of Sweden and Norway, and the small peninsula of Jutland.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading All the tribes were of a common origin and kindred; they had the same customs and religion, practised the same burial rites, intermarried, and spoke the same language which was called the Norranean tongue.

thosedeterminerUS /ðoʊz/

the plural of “that”: the people or things further away, or already known

From this reading THE VIKING LAND, AND THE VIKINGS AT the period of which I write, the land of the Vikings embraced the islands of the Baltic and those of the small and the great “Belt” leading into that sea, the country known to-day as Scandinavia, which embraces the large peninsula of Sweden and Norway, and the small peninsula of Jutland.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Great fortifications had been built on the southern peninsula of Jutland between the two fjords which enter it from opposite sides, so that no incursion could take place from the land to the south.

to-day

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE VIKING LAND, AND THE VIKINGS AT the period of which I write, the land of the Vikings embraced the islands of the Baltic and those of the small and the great “Belt” leading into that sea, the country known to-day as Scandinavia, which embraces the large peninsula of Sweden and Norway, and the small peninsula of Jutland.

tonguenounUS /tʌŋ/

a mobile mass of muscular tissue covered with mucous membrane and located in the oral cavity

From this reading All the tribes were of a common origin and kindred; they had the same customs and religion, practised the same burial rites, intermarried, and spoke the same language which was called the Norranean tongue.

tribesnounUS /traɪbz/

plural of “tribe” — a social division of (usually preliterate) people

From this reading All the tribes were of a common origin and kindred; they had the same customs and religion, practised the same burial rites, intermarried, and spoke the same language which was called the Norranean tongue.

twonounUS /tuː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one or a numeral representing this number

From this reading Great fortifications had been built on the southern peninsula of Jutland between the two fjords which enter it from opposite sides, so that no incursion could take place from the land to the south.

VIKINGnounUS /ˈvaɪkɪŋ/

any of the Scandinavian people who raided the coasts of Europe from the 8th to the 11th centuries

From this reading THE VIKING LAND, AND THE VIKINGS AT the period of which I write, the land of the Vikings embraced the islands of the Baltic and those of the small and the great “Belt” leading into that sea, the country known to-day as Scandinavia, which embraces the large peninsula of Sweden and Norway, and the small peninsula of Jutland.

VIKINGSnounUS /ˈvaɪkɪŋz/

plural of “viking” — any of the Scandinavian people who raided the coasts of Europe from the 8th to the 11th centuries

From this reading THE VIKING LAND, AND THE VIKINGS AT the period of which I write, the land of the Vikings embraced the islands of the Baltic and those of the small and the great “Belt” leading into that sea, the country known to-day as Scandinavia, which embraces the large peninsula of Sweden and Norway, and the small peninsula of Jutland.

virtuallyadverbUS /ˈvɜːrtʃuːəli/

in essence or effect but not in fact

From this reading The whole land was virtually surrounded by sea.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The whole land was virtually surrounded by sea.

wealthnounUS /welθ/

the state of being rich and affluent; having a plentiful supply of material goods and money

From this reading The large islands, especially, were seats of great maritime power and wealth.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading The large islands, especially, were seats of great maritime power and wealth.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading THE VIKING LAND, AND THE VIKINGS AT the period of which I write, the land of the Vikings embraced the islands of the Baltic and those of the small and the great “Belt” leading into that sea, the country known to-day as Scandinavia, which embraces the large peninsula of Sweden and Norway, and the small peninsula of Jutland.

wholeadjectiveUS /hoʊl/

including all components without exception; being one unit or constituting the full amount or extent or duration; complete

From this reading The whole land was virtually surrounded by sea.

writeverbUS /raɪt/

produce a literary work

From this reading THE VIKING LAND, AND THE VIKINGS AT the period of which I write, the land of the Vikings embraced the islands of the Baltic and those of the small and the great “Belt” leading into that sea, the country known to-day as Scandinavia, which embraces the large peninsula of Sweden and Norway, and the small peninsula of Jutland.

Chapter 3 of Ivar the Viking by Paul B. (Paul Belloni) Du Chaillu holds 67 sentences, grouped into 14 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 3 of Ivar the Viking contain?

Chapter 3 holds 67 sentences of Ivar the Viking, unabridged, divided into 14 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 3 of Ivar the Viking by Paul B. (Paul Belloni) Du Chaillu exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 67 sentences, grouped into 14 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 3 of Ivar the Viking?

Work through the 14 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 14 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 3 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 3 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Ivar the Viking

Common questions about reading Ivar the Viking by Paul B. (Paul Belloni) Du Chaillu on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Ivar the Viking?

Yes. All 3132 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #56810 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Ivar the Viking is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #56810, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Ivar the Viking take to read?

About 261 minutes of reading across 627 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Ivar the Viking section by section

How to work through Ivar the Viking section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 32 chapters of Ivar the Viking to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Ivar the Viking

Words and structures a reader meets early in Ivar the Viking, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Author
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Ivar the Viking; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Viking
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Ivar the Viking; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Midnight
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Ivar the Viking; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Explorations
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Ivar the Viking; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.