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Jack Hinton: The Guardsman
Jack Hinton: The Guardsman

Chapter XXXI · Chapter 31

Chapter 31 of Jack Hinton: The Guardsman is here in full — 214 sentences across 43 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Jack Hinton: The Guardsman
Context Illustration Reading 1/42 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
It was late when I arrived in London and drove up to my father's house.
The circumstances under which I had left Ireland weighed more heavily on me as I drew near home, and as I reflected over the questions I should be asked and the explanations I should be expected to afford; and I half dreaded lest my father should disapprove of my conduct before I had an opportunity of showing him how little I had been to blame throughout.
The noise and din of the carriages, the oaths and exclamations of the coachmen, and the uproar of the streets turned my attention from these thoughts, and I asked what was the meaning of the crowd.
'A great ball, sir, at Lady Charlotte Hinton's.'
This was a surprise, and not of the pleasantest.
0:00 / 0:00
Speed 0.75x
AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Jack Hinton: The Guardsman

Chapter XXXI · Chapter 31

Chapter 31 of Jack Hinton: The Guardsman is here in full — 214 sentences across 43 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/42 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
It was late when I arrived in London and drove up to my father's house.
/ɪt wɑːz leɪt wen aɪ ərˈaɪvd ɪn ˈlʌndən ənd droʊv ʌp tuː maɪ ˈfɑːðərz haʊs/
Line 2
The circumstances under which I had left Ireland weighed more heavily on me as I drew near home, and as I reflected over the questions I should be asked and the explanations I should be expected to afford; and I half dreaded lest my father should disapprove of my conduct before I had an opportunity of showing him how little I had been to blame throughout.
Line 3
The noise and din of the carriages, the oaths and exclamations of the coachmen, and the uproar of the streets turned my attention from these thoughts, and I asked what was the meaning of the crowd.
Line 4
'A great ball, sir, at Lady Charlotte Hinton's.'
Line 5
This was a surprise, and not of the pleasantest.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

carriages noun US /ˈkærɪdʒɪz/

plural of “carriage” — a railcar where passengers ride

From this reading “The noise and din of the carriages, the oaths and exclamations of the coachmen, and the uproar of the streets turned my attention from these thoughts, and I asked what was the meaning of the crowd.”

din noun US /dɪn/

a loud harsh or strident noise

From this reading “The noise and din of the carriages, the oaths and exclamations of the coachmen, and the uproar of the streets turned my attention from these thoughts, and I asked what was the meaning of the crowd.”

disapprove verb US /ˌdɪsəˈpruːv/

consider bad or wrong

From this reading “The circumstances under which I had left Ireland weighed more heavily on me as I drew near home, and as I reflected over the questions I should be asked and the explanations I should be expected to afford; and I half dreaded lest my father should disapprove of my conduct before I had an opportunity of showing him how little I had been to blame throughout.”

exclamations noun US /ˌekskləˈmeɪʃənz/

plural of “exclamation” — an abrupt excited utterance

From this reading “The noise and din of the carriages, the oaths and exclamations of the coachmen, and the uproar of the streets turned my attention from these thoughts, and I asked what was the meaning of the crowd.”

explanations noun US /ˌekspləˈneɪʃənz/

plural of “explanation” — a statement that makes something comprehensible by describing the relevant structure or operation or circumstances etc.

From this reading “The circumstances under which I had left Ireland weighed more heavily on me as I drew near home, and as I reflected over the questions I should be asked and the explanations I should be expected to afford; and I half dreaded lest my father should disapprove of my conduct before I had an opportunity of showing him how little I had been to blame throughout.”

oaths noun US /oʊðz/

plural of “oath” — profane or obscene expression usually of surprise or anger

From this reading “The noise and din of the carriages, the oaths and exclamations of the coachmen, and the uproar of the streets turned my attention from these thoughts, and I asked what was the meaning of the crowd.”

uproar noun US /ˈʌprɔːr/

a state of commotion and noise and confusion

From this reading “The noise and din of the carriages, the oaths and exclamations of the coachmen, and the uproar of the streets turned my attention from these thoughts, and I asked what was the meaning of the crowd.”

weighed verb US /weɪd/

past form of “weigh” — have a certain weight

From this reading “The circumstances under which I had left Ireland weighed more heavily on me as I drew near home, and as I reflected over the questions I should be asked and the explanations I should be expected to afford; and I half dreaded lest my father should disapprove of my conduct before I had an opportunity of showing him how little I had been to blame throughout.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

disapprove of verb + particle

In this reading “The circumstances under which I had left Ireland weighed more heavily on me as I drew near home, and as I reflected over the questions I should be asked and the explanations I should be expected to afford; and I half dreaded lest my father should disapprove of my conduct before I had an opportunity of showing him how little I had been to blame throughout.”

weighed more verb + adjective counted as “weigh more”

In this reading “The circumstances under which I had left Ireland weighed more heavily on me as I drew near home, and as I reflected over the questions I should be asked and the explanations I should be expected to afford; and I half dreaded lest my father should disapprove of my conduct before I had an opportunity of showing him how little I had been to blame throughout.”

father's house noun + noun counted as “father house”

In this reading “It was late when I arrived in London and drove up to my father's house.”

arrived in verb + particle counted as “arrive in”

In this reading “It was late when I arrived in London and drove up to my father's house.”

All words in this reading · 85

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

AdeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading 'A great ball, sir, at Lady Charlotte Hinton's.'

affordverbUS /əˈfɔːrd/

be able to spare or give up

From this reading The circumstances under which I had left Ireland weighed more heavily on me as I drew near home, and as I reflected over the questions I should be asked and the explanations I should be expected to afford; and I half dreaded lest my father should disapprove of my conduct before I had an opportunity of showing him how little I had been to blame throughout.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading The circumstances under which I had left Ireland weighed more heavily on me as I drew near home, and as I reflected over the questions I should be asked and the explanations I should be expected to afford; and I half dreaded lest my father should disapprove of my conduct before I had an opportunity of showing him how little I had been to blame throughout.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading It was late when I arrived in London and drove up to my father's house.

arrivedverbUS /ərˈaɪvd/

past form of “arrive” — reach a destination; arrive by movement or progress

From this reading It was late when I arrived in London and drove up to my father's house.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading The circumstances under which I had left Ireland weighed more heavily on me as I drew near home, and as I reflected over the questions I should be asked and the explanations I should be expected to afford; and I half dreaded lest my father should disapprove of my conduct before I had an opportunity of showing him how little I had been to blame throughout.

askedverbUS /æskt/

past form of “ask” — make a request or demand for something to somebody

From this reading The circumstances under which I had left Ireland weighed more heavily on me as I drew near home, and as I reflected over the questions I should be asked and the explanations I should be expected to afford; and I half dreaded lest my father should disapprove of my conduct before I had an opportunity of showing him how little I had been to blame throughout.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading 'A great ball, sir, at Lady Charlotte Hinton's.'

attentionnounUS /əˈtenʃən/

the process whereby a person concentrates on some features of the environment to the (relative) exclusion of others

From this reading The noise and din of the carriages, the oaths and exclamations of the coachmen, and the uproar of the streets turned my attention from these thoughts, and I asked what was the meaning of the crowd.

ballnounUS /bɔːl/

round object that is hit or thrown or kicked in games

From this reading 'A great ball, sir, at Lady Charlotte Hinton's.'

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading The circumstances under which I had left Ireland weighed more heavily on me as I drew near home, and as I reflected over the questions I should be asked and the explanations I should be expected to afford; and I half dreaded lest my father should disapprove of my conduct before I had an opportunity of showing him how little I had been to blame throughout.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading The circumstances under which I had left Ireland weighed more heavily on me as I drew near home, and as I reflected over the questions I should be asked and the explanations I should be expected to afford; and I half dreaded lest my father should disapprove of my conduct before I had an opportunity of showing him how little I had been to blame throughout.

beforeprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading The circumstances under which I had left Ireland weighed more heavily on me as I drew near home, and as I reflected over the questions I should be asked and the explanations I should be expected to afford; and I half dreaded lest my father should disapprove of my conduct before I had an opportunity of showing him how little I had been to blame throughout.

blameverbUS /bleɪm/

put or pin the blame on

From this reading The circumstances under which I had left Ireland weighed more heavily on me as I drew near home, and as I reflected over the questions I should be asked and the explanations I should be expected to afford; and I half dreaded lest my father should disapprove of my conduct before I had an opportunity of showing him how little I had been to blame throughout.

carriagesnounUS /ˈkærɪdʒɪz/

plural of “carriage” — a railcar where passengers ride

From this reading The noise and din of the carriages, the oaths and exclamations of the coachmen, and the uproar of the streets turned my attention from these thoughts, and I asked what was the meaning of the crowd.

CharlottenounUS /ˈʃɑːrlət/

the largest city in North Carolina; located in south central North Carolina

From this reading 'A great ball, sir, at Lady Charlotte Hinton's.'

circumstancesnounUS /ˈsɜːrkəmstænsəz/

your overall circumstances or condition in life (including everything that happens to you)

From this reading The circumstances under which I had left Ireland weighed more heavily on me as I drew near home, and as I reflected over the questions I should be asked and the explanations I should be expected to afford; and I half dreaded lest my father should disapprove of my conduct before I had an opportunity of showing him how little I had been to blame throughout.

coachmen

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The noise and din of the carriages, the oaths and exclamations of the coachmen, and the uproar of the streets turned my attention from these thoughts, and I asked what was the meaning of the crowd.

conductverbUS /ˈkɑːndəkt/

direct the course of; manage or control

From this reading The circumstances under which I had left Ireland weighed more heavily on me as I drew near home, and as I reflected over the questions I should be asked and the explanations I should be expected to afford; and I half dreaded lest my father should disapprove of my conduct before I had an opportunity of showing him how little I had been to blame throughout.

crowdverbUS /kraʊd/

cause to herd, drive, or crowd together

From this reading The noise and din of the carriages, the oaths and exclamations of the coachmen, and the uproar of the streets turned my attention from these thoughts, and I asked what was the meaning of the crowd.

dinnounUS /dɪn/

a loud harsh or strident noise

From this reading The noise and din of the carriages, the oaths and exclamations of the coachmen, and the uproar of the streets turned my attention from these thoughts, and I asked what was the meaning of the crowd.

disapproveverbUS /ˌdɪsəˈpruːv/

consider bad or wrong

From this reading The circumstances under which I had left Ireland weighed more heavily on me as I drew near home, and as I reflected over the questions I should be asked and the explanations I should be expected to afford; and I half dreaded lest my father should disapprove of my conduct before I had an opportunity of showing him how little I had been to blame throughout.

dreadedadjectiveUS /ˈdredɪd/

causing fear or dread or terror

From this reading The circumstances under which I had left Ireland weighed more heavily on me as I drew near home, and as I reflected over the questions I should be asked and the explanations I should be expected to afford; and I half dreaded lest my father should disapprove of my conduct before I had an opportunity of showing him how little I had been to blame throughout.

drewnounUS /druː/

United States actor (born in Ireland); father of Georgiana Emma Barrymore (1827-1862)

From this reading The circumstances under which I had left Ireland weighed more heavily on me as I drew near home, and as I reflected over the questions I should be asked and the explanations I should be expected to afford; and I half dreaded lest my father should disapprove of my conduct before I had an opportunity of showing him how little I had been to blame throughout.

drovenounUS /droʊv/

a group of animals (a herd or flock) moving together

From this reading It was late when I arrived in London and drove up to my father's house.

exclamationsnounUS /ˌekskləˈmeɪʃənz/

plural of “exclamation” — an abrupt excited utterance

From this reading The noise and din of the carriages, the oaths and exclamations of the coachmen, and the uproar of the streets turned my attention from these thoughts, and I asked what was the meaning of the crowd.

expectedadjectiveUS /ɪkˈspektəd/

considered likely or probable to happen or arrive

From this reading The circumstances under which I had left Ireland weighed more heavily on me as I drew near home, and as I reflected over the questions I should be asked and the explanations I should be expected to afford; and I half dreaded lest my father should disapprove of my conduct before I had an opportunity of showing him how little I had been to blame throughout.

explanationsnounUS /ˌekspləˈneɪʃənz/

plural of “explanation” — a statement that makes something comprehensible by describing the relevant structure or operation or circumstances etc.

From this reading The circumstances under which I had left Ireland weighed more heavily on me as I drew near home, and as I reflected over the questions I should be asked and the explanations I should be expected to afford; and I half dreaded lest my father should disapprove of my conduct before I had an opportunity of showing him how little I had been to blame throughout.

fathernounUS /ˈfɑːðər/

a male parent (also used as a term of address to your father)

From this reading The circumstances under which I had left Ireland weighed more heavily on me as I drew near home, and as I reflected over the questions I should be asked and the explanations I should be expected to afford; and I half dreaded lest my father should disapprove of my conduct before I had an opportunity of showing him how little I had been to blame throughout.

father'snounUS /ˈfɑːðərz/

possessive form of “father” — a male parent (also used as a term of address to your father)

From this reading It was late when I arrived in London and drove up to my father's house.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading The noise and din of the carriages, the oaths and exclamations of the coachmen, and the uproar of the streets turned my attention from these thoughts, and I asked what was the meaning of the crowd.

greatadjectiveUS /ɡreɪt/

relatively large in size or number or extent; larger than others of its kind

From this reading 'A great ball, sir, at Lady Charlotte Hinton's.'

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading The circumstances under which I had left Ireland weighed more heavily on me as I drew near home, and as I reflected over the questions I should be asked and the explanations I should be expected to afford; and I half dreaded lest my father should disapprove of my conduct before I had an opportunity of showing him how little I had been to blame throughout.

halfadjectiveUS /hæf/

consisting of one of two equivalent parts in value or quantity

From this reading The circumstances under which I had left Ireland weighed more heavily on me as I drew near home, and as I reflected over the questions I should be asked and the explanations I should be expected to afford; and I half dreaded lest my father should disapprove of my conduct before I had an opportunity of showing him how little I had been to blame throughout.

heavilyadverbUS /ˈhevəli/

to a considerable degree

From this reading The circumstances under which I had left Ireland weighed more heavily on me as I drew near home, and as I reflected over the questions I should be asked and the explanations I should be expected to afford; and I half dreaded lest my father should disapprove of my conduct before I had an opportunity of showing him how little I had been to blame throughout.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading The circumstances under which I had left Ireland weighed more heavily on me as I drew near home, and as I reflected over the questions I should be asked and the explanations I should be expected to afford; and I half dreaded lest my father should disapprove of my conduct before I had an opportunity of showing him how little I had been to blame throughout.

Hinton's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading 'A great ball, sir, at Lady Charlotte Hinton's.'

homenounUS /hoʊm/

where you live at a particular time

From this reading The circumstances under which I had left Ireland weighed more heavily on me as I drew near home, and as I reflected over the questions I should be asked and the explanations I should be expected to afford; and I half dreaded lest my father should disapprove of my conduct before I had an opportunity of showing him how little I had been to blame throughout.

housenounUS /haʊs/

a dwelling that serves as living quarters for one or more families

From this reading It was late when I arrived in London and drove up to my father's house.

how

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The circumstances under which I had left Ireland weighed more heavily on me as I drew near home, and as I reflected over the questions I should be asked and the explanations I should be expected to afford; and I half dreaded lest my father should disapprove of my conduct before I had an opportunity of showing him how little I had been to blame throughout.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading It was late when I arrived in London and drove up to my father's house.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading It was late when I arrived in London and drove up to my father's house.

IrelandnounUS /ˈaɪərlənd/

a republic consisting of 26 of 32 counties comprising the island of Ireland; achieved independence from the United Kingdom in 1921

From this reading The circumstances under which I had left Ireland weighed more heavily on me as I drew near home, and as I reflected over the questions I should be asked and the explanations I should be expected to afford; and I half dreaded lest my father should disapprove of my conduct before I had an opportunity of showing him how little I had been to blame throughout.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading It was late when I arrived in London and drove up to my father's house.

LadynounUS /ˈleɪdi/

a polite name for any woman

From this reading 'A great ball, sir, at Lady Charlotte Hinton's.'

lateadjectiveUS /leɪt/

being or occurring at an advanced period of time or after a usual or expected time

From this reading It was late when I arrived in London and drove up to my father's house.

leftnounUS /left/

location near or direction toward the left side; i.e. the side to the north when a person or object faces east

From this reading The circumstances under which I had left Ireland weighed more heavily on me as I drew near home, and as I reflected over the questions I should be asked and the explanations I should be expected to afford; and I half dreaded lest my father should disapprove of my conduct before I had an opportunity of showing him how little I had been to blame throughout.

lestconjunctionUS /lest/

in order that something should not happen

From this reading The circumstances under which I had left Ireland weighed more heavily on me as I drew near home, and as I reflected over the questions I should be asked and the explanations I should be expected to afford; and I half dreaded lest my father should disapprove of my conduct before I had an opportunity of showing him how little I had been to blame throughout.

littleadjectiveUS /ˈlɪtəl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading The circumstances under which I had left Ireland weighed more heavily on me as I drew near home, and as I reflected over the questions I should be asked and the explanations I should be expected to afford; and I half dreaded lest my father should disapprove of my conduct before I had an opportunity of showing him how little I had been to blame throughout.

LondonnounUS /ˈlʌndən/

the capital and largest city of England; located on the Thames in southeastern England; financial and industrial and cultural center

From this reading It was late when I arrived in London and drove up to my father's house.

mepronounUS /miː/

the person speaking, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading The circumstances under which I had left Ireland weighed more heavily on me as I drew near home, and as I reflected over the questions I should be asked and the explanations I should be expected to afford; and I half dreaded lest my father should disapprove of my conduct before I had an opportunity of showing him how little I had been to blame throughout.

meaningnounUS /ˈmiːnɪŋ/

the message that is intended or expressed or signified

From this reading The noise and din of the carriages, the oaths and exclamations of the coachmen, and the uproar of the streets turned my attention from these thoughts, and I asked what was the meaning of the crowd.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading The circumstances under which I had left Ireland weighed more heavily on me as I drew near home, and as I reflected over the questions I should be asked and the explanations I should be expected to afford; and I half dreaded lest my father should disapprove of my conduct before I had an opportunity of showing him how little I had been to blame throughout.

mydeterminerUS /maɪ/

belonging to the person speaking

From this reading It was late when I arrived in London and drove up to my father's house.

nearadverbUS /nɪr/

near in time or place or relationship

From this reading The circumstances under which I had left Ireland weighed more heavily on me as I drew near home, and as I reflected over the questions I should be asked and the explanations I should be expected to afford; and I half dreaded lest my father should disapprove of my conduct before I had an opportunity of showing him how little I had been to blame throughout.

noisenounUS /nɔɪz/

sound of any kind (especially unintelligible or dissonant sound)

From this reading The noise and din of the carriages, the oaths and exclamations of the coachmen, and the uproar of the streets turned my attention from these thoughts, and I asked what was the meaning of the crowd.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading This was a surprise, and not of the pleasantest.

oathsnounUS /oʊðz/

plural of “oath” — profane or obscene expression usually of surprise or anger

From this reading The noise and din of the carriages, the oaths and exclamations of the coachmen, and the uproar of the streets turned my attention from these thoughts, and I asked what was the meaning of the crowd.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading The circumstances under which I had left Ireland weighed more heavily on me as I drew near home, and as I reflected over the questions I should be asked and the explanations I should be expected to afford; and I half dreaded lest my father should disapprove of my conduct before I had an opportunity of showing him how little I had been to blame throughout.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading The circumstances under which I had left Ireland weighed more heavily on me as I drew near home, and as I reflected over the questions I should be asked and the explanations I should be expected to afford; and I half dreaded lest my father should disapprove of my conduct before I had an opportunity of showing him how little I had been to blame throughout.

opportunitynounUS /ˌɑːpərˈtuːnəti/

a possibility due to a favorable combination of circumstances

From this reading The circumstances under which I had left Ireland weighed more heavily on me as I drew near home, and as I reflected over the questions I should be asked and the explanations I should be expected to afford; and I half dreaded lest my father should disapprove of my conduct before I had an opportunity of showing him how little I had been to blame throughout.

overprepositionUS /ˈoʊvər/

above and across; more than

From this reading The circumstances under which I had left Ireland weighed more heavily on me as I drew near home, and as I reflected over the questions I should be asked and the explanations I should be expected to afford; and I half dreaded lest my father should disapprove of my conduct before I had an opportunity of showing him how little I had been to blame throughout.

pleasantest

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading This was a surprise, and not of the pleasantest.

questionsnounUS /ˈkwestʃənz/

plural of “question” — an instance of questioning

From this reading The circumstances under which I had left Ireland weighed more heavily on me as I drew near home, and as I reflected over the questions I should be asked and the explanations I should be expected to afford; and I half dreaded lest my father should disapprove of my conduct before I had an opportunity of showing him how little I had been to blame throughout.

reflectedadjectiveUS /rɪˈflektɪd/

(especially of incident sound or light) bent or sent back

From this reading The circumstances under which I had left Ireland weighed more heavily on me as I drew near home, and as I reflected over the questions I should be asked and the explanations I should be expected to afford; and I half dreaded lest my father should disapprove of my conduct before I had an opportunity of showing him how little I had been to blame throughout.

shouldmodal verbUS /ʃʊd/

used to say what is right, expected, or advisable

From this reading The circumstances under which I had left Ireland weighed more heavily on me as I drew near home, and as I reflected over the questions I should be asked and the explanations I should be expected to afford; and I half dreaded lest my father should disapprove of my conduct before I had an opportunity of showing him how little I had been to blame throughout.

showingnounUS /ˈʃoʊɪŋ/

the display of a motion picture

From this reading The circumstances under which I had left Ireland weighed more heavily on me as I drew near home, and as I reflected over the questions I should be asked and the explanations I should be expected to afford; and I half dreaded lest my father should disapprove of my conduct before I had an opportunity of showing him how little I had been to blame throughout.

sirnounUS /sɜːr/

term of address for a man

From this reading 'A great ball, sir, at Lady Charlotte Hinton's.'

streetsnounUS /striːts/

plural of “street” — a thoroughfare (usually including sidewalks) that is lined with buildings

From this reading The noise and din of the carriages, the oaths and exclamations of the coachmen, and the uproar of the streets turned my attention from these thoughts, and I asked what was the meaning of the crowd.

surprisenounUS /sərˈpraɪz/

the astonishment you feel when something totally unexpected happens to you

From this reading This was a surprise, and not of the pleasantest.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading The circumstances under which I had left Ireland weighed more heavily on me as I drew near home, and as I reflected over the questions I should be asked and the explanations I should be expected to afford; and I half dreaded lest my father should disapprove of my conduct before I had an opportunity of showing him how little I had been to blame throughout.

thesedeterminerUS /ðiːz/

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading The noise and din of the carriages, the oaths and exclamations of the coachmen, and the uproar of the streets turned my attention from these thoughts, and I asked what was the meaning of the crowd.

ThisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading This was a surprise, and not of the pleasantest.

thoughtsnounUS /θɔːts/

plural of “thought” — the content of cognition; the main thing you are thinking about

From this reading The noise and din of the carriages, the oaths and exclamations of the coachmen, and the uproar of the streets turned my attention from these thoughts, and I asked what was the meaning of the crowd.

throughoutprepositionUS /θruːˈaʊt/

in every part of a place, or for the whole of a period

From this reading The circumstances under which I had left Ireland weighed more heavily on me as I drew near home, and as I reflected over the questions I should be asked and the explanations I should be expected to afford; and I half dreaded lest my father should disapprove of my conduct before I had an opportunity of showing him how little I had been to blame throughout.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading It was late when I arrived in London and drove up to my father's house.

turnedadjectiveUS /tɜːrnd/

moved around an axis or center

From this reading The noise and din of the carriages, the oaths and exclamations of the coachmen, and the uproar of the streets turned my attention from these thoughts, and I asked what was the meaning of the crowd.

underprepositionUS /ˈʌndər/

below or beneath something; less than

From this reading The circumstances under which I had left Ireland weighed more heavily on me as I drew near home, and as I reflected over the questions I should be asked and the explanations I should be expected to afford; and I half dreaded lest my father should disapprove of my conduct before I had an opportunity of showing him how little I had been to blame throughout.

upadjectiveUS /ʌp/

being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level

From this reading It was late when I arrived in London and drove up to my father's house.

uproarnounUS /ˈʌprɔːr/

a state of commotion and noise and confusion

From this reading The noise and din of the carriages, the oaths and exclamations of the coachmen, and the uproar of the streets turned my attention from these thoughts, and I asked what was the meaning of the crowd.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading It was late when I arrived in London and drove up to my father's house.

weighedverbUS /weɪd/

past form of “weigh” — have a certain weight

From this reading The circumstances under which I had left Ireland weighed more heavily on me as I drew near home, and as I reflected over the questions I should be asked and the explanations I should be expected to afford; and I half dreaded lest my father should disapprove of my conduct before I had an opportunity of showing him how little I had been to blame throughout.

whatpronounUS /wʌt/

used to ask for information about something

From this reading The noise and din of the carriages, the oaths and exclamations of the coachmen, and the uproar of the streets turned my attention from these thoughts, and I asked what was the meaning of the crowd.

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading It was late when I arrived in London and drove up to my father's house.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading The circumstances under which I had left Ireland weighed more heavily on me as I drew near home, and as I reflected over the questions I should be asked and the explanations I should be expected to afford; and I half dreaded lest my father should disapprove of my conduct before I had an opportunity of showing him how little I had been to blame throughout.

Chapter 31 of Jack Hinton: The Guardsman by Charles Lever holds 214 sentences, grouped into 43 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 31 of Jack Hinton: The Guardsman contain?

Chapter 31 holds 214 sentences of Jack Hinton: The Guardsman, unabridged, divided into 43 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 31 of Jack Hinton: The Guardsman by Charles Lever exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 214 sentences, grouped into 43 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 31 of Jack Hinton: The Guardsman?

Work through the 43 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 43 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 31 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 31 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Jack Hinton: The Guardsman

Common questions about reading Jack Hinton: The Guardsman by Charles Lever on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Jack Hinton: The Guardsman?

Yes. All 7632 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #33082 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Jack Hinton: The Guardsman is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #33082, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Jack Hinton: The Guardsman take to read?

About 600 minutes of reading across 1527 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Jack Hinton: The Guardsman section by section

How to work through Jack Hinton: The Guardsman section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 40 chapters of Jack Hinton: The Guardsman to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Jack Hinton: The Guardsman

Words and structures a reader meets early in Jack Hinton: The Guardsman, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Guardsman
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Jack Hinton: The Guardsman; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Chapman
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Jack Hinton: The Guardsman; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Piccadilly
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Jack Hinton: The Guardsman; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Preface
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Jack Hinton: The Guardsman; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.