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Jane Austen, Her Life and Letters
Jane Austen, Her Life and Letters

Chapter IV · Chapter 4

Chapter 4 of Jane Austen, Her Life and Letters is here in full — 266 sentences across 54 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/53 · 5 lines
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FAMILY LIFE 1779-1792 The eldest brother of the family, James, was nearly eleven years older than Jane, and had taken his degree at Oxford before she left school.
He had matriculated at St. John's (where he obtained a 'founder's kin' Scholarship and, subsequently, a Fellowship) in 1779, at the early age of fourteen; his departure from home having been perhaps hastened in order to make room for the three or four pupils who were sharing his brothers' studies at that time.
His was a scholarly type of mind; he was well read in English literature, had a correct taste, and wrote readily and happily, both in prose and verse.
His son, the author of the _Memoir_, believes that he had a large share in directing the reading, and forming the taste, of his sister Jane.
James was evidently in sympathy with Cowper's return to nature from the more artificial and mechanical style of Pope's imitators, and so was she; in _Sense and Sensibility_, Marianne, after her first conversation with Willoughby, had happily assured herself of his admiring Pope 'no more than is proper.'
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Jane Austen, Her Life and Letters

Chapter IV · Chapter 4

Chapter 4 of Jane Austen, Her Life and Letters is here in full — 266 sentences across 54 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/53 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
FAMILY LIFE 1779-1792 The eldest brother of the family, James, was nearly eleven years older than Jane, and had taken his degree at Oxford before she left school.
Line 2
He had matriculated at St. John's (where he obtained a 'founder's kin' Scholarship and, subsequently, a Fellowship) in 1779, at the early age of fourteen; his departure from home having been perhaps hastened in order to make room for the three or four pupils who were sharing his brothers' studies at that time.
Line 3
His was a scholarly type of mind; he was well read in English literature, had a correct taste, and wrote readily and happily, both in prose and verse.
/hɪz wɑːz ə ˈskɑːlərli taɪp ʌv maɪnd hiː wɑːz wel red ɪn ˈɪŋɡlɪʃ ˈlɪtərətʃər hæd ə kərˈekt teɪst ənd roʊt ˈredəli ənd ˈhæpəli boʊθ ɪn proʊz ənd vɜːrs/
Line 4
His son, the author of the _Memoir_, believes that he had a large share in directing the reading, and forming the taste, of his sister Jane.
Line 5
James was evidently in sympathy with Cowper's return to nature from the more artificial and mechanical style of Pope's imitators, and so was she; in _Sense and Sensibility_, Marianne, after her first conversation with Willoughby, had happily assured herself of his admiring Pope 'no more than is proper.'

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

founder's noun US /ˈfaʊndərz/

possessive form of “founder” — inflammation of the laminated tissue that attaches the hoof to the foot of a horse

From this reading “He had matriculated at St. John's (where he obtained a 'founder's kin' Scholarship and, subsequently, a Fellowship) in 1779, at the early age of fourteen; his departure from home having been perhaps hastened in order to make room for the three or four pupils who were sharing his brothers' studies at that time.”

imitators noun US /ˈɪmɪteɪtərz/

plural of “imitator” — someone who (fraudulently) assumes the appearance of another

From this reading “James was evidently in sympathy with Cowper's return to nature from the more artificial and mechanical style of Pope's imitators, and so was she; in _Sense and Sensibility_, Marianne, after her first conversation with Willoughby, had happily assured herself of his admiring Pope 'no more than is proper.'”

matriculated verb US /məˈtrɪkjəleɪtəd/

past form of “matriculate” — enroll as a student

From this reading “He had matriculated at St. John's (where he obtained a 'founder's kin' Scholarship and, subsequently, a Fellowship) in 1779, at the early age of fourteen; his departure from home having been perhaps hastened in order to make room for the three or four pupils who were sharing his brothers' studies at that time.”

Memoir noun US /ˈmemwɑːr/

an account of the author's personal experiences

Pope's noun US /poʊps/

possessive form of “pope” — the head of the Roman Catholic Church

From this reading “James was evidently in sympathy with Cowper's return to nature from the more artificial and mechanical style of Pope's imitators, and so was she; in _Sense and Sensibility_, Marianne, after her first conversation with Willoughby, had happily assured herself of his admiring Pope 'no more than is proper.'”

scholarly adjective US /ˈskɑːlərli/

characteristic of scholars or scholarship

From this reading “His was a scholarly type of mind; he was well read in English literature, had a correct taste, and wrote readily and happily, both in prose and verse.”

Scholarship noun US /ˈskɑːlərʃɪp/

financial aid provided to a student on the basis of academic merit

From this reading “He had matriculated at St. John's (where he obtained a 'founder's kin' Scholarship and, subsequently, a Fellowship) in 1779, at the early age of fourteen; his departure from home having been perhaps hastened in order to make room for the three or four pupils who were sharing his brothers' studies at that time.”

sharing noun US /ˈʃerɪŋ/

using or enjoying something jointly with others

From this reading “He had matriculated at St. John's (where he obtained a 'founder's kin' Scholarship and, subsequently, a Fellowship) in 1779, at the early age of fourteen; his departure from home having been perhaps hastened in order to make room for the three or four pupils who were sharing his brothers' studies at that time.”

All words in this reading · 119

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

1779

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading FAMILY LIFE 1779-1792 The eldest brother of the family, James, was nearly eleven years older than Jane, and had taken his degree at Oxford before she left school.

1792

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading FAMILY LIFE 1779-1792 The eldest brother of the family, James, was nearly eleven years older than Jane, and had taken his degree at Oxford before she left school.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading He had matriculated at St. John's (where he obtained a 'founder's kin' Scholarship and, subsequently, a Fellowship) in 1779, at the early age of fourteen; his departure from home having been perhaps hastened in order to make room for the three or four pupils who were sharing his brothers' studies at that time.

admiringverbUS /ædˈmaɪrɪŋ/

-ing form of “admire” — feel admiration for

From this reading James was evidently in sympathy with Cowper's return to nature from the more artificial and mechanical style of Pope's imitators, and so was she; in _Sense and Sensibility_, Marianne, after her first conversation with Willoughby, had happily assured herself of his admiring Pope 'no more than is proper.'

afterprepositionUS /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading James was evidently in sympathy with Cowper's return to nature from the more artificial and mechanical style of Pope's imitators, and so was she; in _Sense and Sensibility_, Marianne, after her first conversation with Willoughby, had happily assured herself of his admiring Pope 'no more than is proper.'

agenounUS /eɪdʒ/

how long something has existed

From this reading He had matriculated at St. John's (where he obtained a 'founder's kin' Scholarship and, subsequently, a Fellowship) in 1779, at the early age of fourteen; his departure from home having been perhaps hastened in order to make room for the three or four pupils who were sharing his brothers' studies at that time.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading FAMILY LIFE 1779-1792 The eldest brother of the family, James, was nearly eleven years older than Jane, and had taken his degree at Oxford before she left school.

artificialadjectiveUS /ˌɑːrtəˈfɪʃəl/

contrived by art rather than nature

From this reading James was evidently in sympathy with Cowper's return to nature from the more artificial and mechanical style of Pope's imitators, and so was she; in _Sense and Sensibility_, Marianne, after her first conversation with Willoughby, had happily assured herself of his admiring Pope 'no more than is proper.'

assuredadjectiveUS /əˈʃʊrd/

marked by assurance; exhibiting confidence

From this reading James was evidently in sympathy with Cowper's return to nature from the more artificial and mechanical style of Pope's imitators, and so was she; in _Sense and Sensibility_, Marianne, after her first conversation with Willoughby, had happily assured herself of his admiring Pope 'no more than is proper.'

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading FAMILY LIFE 1779-1792 The eldest brother of the family, James, was nearly eleven years older than Jane, and had taken his degree at Oxford before she left school.

authornounUS /ˈɔːθər/

writes (books or stories or articles or the like) professionally (for pay)

From this reading His son, the author of the _Memoir_, believes that he had a large share in directing the reading, and forming the taste, of his sister Jane.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading He had matriculated at St. John's (where he obtained a 'founder's kin' Scholarship and, subsequently, a Fellowship) in 1779, at the early age of fourteen; his departure from home having been perhaps hastened in order to make room for the three or four pupils who were sharing his brothers' studies at that time.

beforeprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading FAMILY LIFE 1779-1792 The eldest brother of the family, James, was nearly eleven years older than Jane, and had taken his degree at Oxford before she left school.

believesverbUS /bɪˈliːvz/

third-person singular of “believe” — accept as true; take to be true

From this reading His son, the author of the _Memoir_, believes that he had a large share in directing the reading, and forming the taste, of his sister Jane.

bothdeterminerUS /boʊθ/

the two together, not just one

From this reading His was a scholarly type of mind; he was well read in English literature, had a correct taste, and wrote readily and happily, both in prose and verse.

brothernounUS /ˈbrʌðər/

a male with the same parents as someone else

From this reading FAMILY LIFE 1779-1792 The eldest brother of the family, James, was nearly eleven years older than Jane, and had taken his degree at Oxford before she left school.

brothersnounUS /ˈbrʌðərz/

plural of “brother” — a male with the same parents as someone else

From this reading He had matriculated at St. John's (where he obtained a 'founder's kin' Scholarship and, subsequently, a Fellowship) in 1779, at the early age of fourteen; his departure from home having been perhaps hastened in order to make room for the three or four pupils who were sharing his brothers' studies at that time.

conversationnounUS /ˌkɑːnvərˈseɪʃən/

the use of speech for informal exchange of views or ideas or information etc.

From this reading James was evidently in sympathy with Cowper's return to nature from the more artificial and mechanical style of Pope's imitators, and so was she; in _Sense and Sensibility_, Marianne, after her first conversation with Willoughby, had happily assured herself of his admiring Pope 'no more than is proper.'

correctverbUS /kərˈekt/

make right or correct

From this reading His was a scholarly type of mind; he was well read in English literature, had a correct taste, and wrote readily and happily, both in prose and verse.

Cowper's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading James was evidently in sympathy with Cowper's return to nature from the more artificial and mechanical style of Pope's imitators, and so was she; in _Sense and Sensibility_, Marianne, after her first conversation with Willoughby, had happily assured herself of his admiring Pope 'no more than is proper.'

degreenounUS /dɪˈɡriː/

a position on a scale of intensity or amount or quality

From this reading FAMILY LIFE 1779-1792 The eldest brother of the family, James, was nearly eleven years older than Jane, and had taken his degree at Oxford before she left school.

departurenounUS /dɪˈpɑːrtʃər/

the act of departing

From this reading He had matriculated at St. John's (where he obtained a 'founder's kin' Scholarship and, subsequently, a Fellowship) in 1779, at the early age of fourteen; his departure from home having been perhaps hastened in order to make room for the three or four pupils who were sharing his brothers' studies at that time.

directingadjectiveUS /dərˈektɪŋ/

showing the way by conducting or leading; imposing direction on

From this reading His son, the author of the _Memoir_, believes that he had a large share in directing the reading, and forming the taste, of his sister Jane.

earlyadjectiveUS /ˈɜːrli/

at or near the beginning of a period of time or course of events or before the usual or expected time

From this reading He had matriculated at St. John's (where he obtained a 'founder's kin' Scholarship and, subsequently, a Fellowship) in 1779, at the early age of fourteen; his departure from home having been perhaps hastened in order to make room for the three or four pupils who were sharing his brothers' studies at that time.

eldestadjectiveUS /ˈeldəst/

first in order of birth

From this reading FAMILY LIFE 1779-1792 The eldest brother of the family, James, was nearly eleven years older than Jane, and had taken his degree at Oxford before she left school.

elevenadjectiveUS /ɪˈlevən/

being one more than ten

From this reading FAMILY LIFE 1779-1792 The eldest brother of the family, James, was nearly eleven years older than Jane, and had taken his degree at Oxford before she left school.

EnglishnounUS /ˈɪŋɡlɪʃ/

an Indo-European language belonging to the West Germanic branch; the official language of Britain and the United States and most of the commonwealth countries

From this reading His was a scholarly type of mind; he was well read in English literature, had a correct taste, and wrote readily and happily, both in prose and verse.

evidentlyadverbUS /ˈevədəntli/

unmistakably (“plain” is often used informally for “plainly”)

From this reading James was evidently in sympathy with Cowper's return to nature from the more artificial and mechanical style of Pope's imitators, and so was she; in _Sense and Sensibility_, Marianne, after her first conversation with Willoughby, had happily assured herself of his admiring Pope 'no more than is proper.'

FAMILYnounUS /ˈfæməli/

a social unit living together

From this reading FAMILY LIFE 1779-1792 The eldest brother of the family, James, was nearly eleven years older than Jane, and had taken his degree at Oxford before she left school.

FellowshipnounUS /ˈfeloʊʃɪp/

an association of people who share common beliefs or activities

From this reading He had matriculated at St. John's (where he obtained a 'founder's kin' Scholarship and, subsequently, a Fellowship) in 1779, at the early age of fourteen; his departure from home having been perhaps hastened in order to make room for the three or four pupils who were sharing his brothers' studies at that time.

firstadjectiveUS /fɜːrst/

preceding all others in time or space or degree

From this reading James was evidently in sympathy with Cowper's return to nature from the more artificial and mechanical style of Pope's imitators, and so was she; in _Sense and Sensibility_, Marianne, after her first conversation with Willoughby, had happily assured herself of his admiring Pope 'no more than is proper.'

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading He had matriculated at St. John's (where he obtained a 'founder's kin' Scholarship and, subsequently, a Fellowship) in 1779, at the early age of fourteen; his departure from home having been perhaps hastened in order to make room for the three or four pupils who were sharing his brothers' studies at that time.

formingverbUS /ˈfɔːrmɪŋ/

-ing form of “form” — create (as an entity)

From this reading His son, the author of the _Memoir_, believes that he had a large share in directing the reading, and forming the taste, of his sister Jane.

founder'snounUS /ˈfaʊndərz/

possessive form of “founder” — inflammation of the laminated tissue that attaches the hoof to the foot of a horse

From this reading He had matriculated at St. John's (where he obtained a 'founder's kin' Scholarship and, subsequently, a Fellowship) in 1779, at the early age of fourteen; his departure from home having been perhaps hastened in order to make room for the three or four pupils who were sharing his brothers' studies at that time.

fournounUS /fɔːr/

the cardinal number that is the sum of three and one

From this reading He had matriculated at St. John's (where he obtained a 'founder's kin' Scholarship and, subsequently, a Fellowship) in 1779, at the early age of fourteen; his departure from home having been perhaps hastened in order to make room for the three or four pupils who were sharing his brothers' studies at that time.

fourteennounUS /ˈfɔːrˈtiːn/

the cardinal number that is the sum of thirteen and one

From this reading He had matriculated at St. John's (where he obtained a 'founder's kin' Scholarship and, subsequently, a Fellowship) in 1779, at the early age of fourteen; his departure from home having been perhaps hastened in order to make room for the three or four pupils who were sharing his brothers' studies at that time.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading He had matriculated at St. John's (where he obtained a 'founder's kin' Scholarship and, subsequently, a Fellowship) in 1779, at the early age of fourteen; his departure from home having been perhaps hastened in order to make room for the three or four pupils who were sharing his brothers' studies at that time.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading FAMILY LIFE 1779-1792 The eldest brother of the family, James, was nearly eleven years older than Jane, and had taken his degree at Oxford before she left school.

happilyadverbUS /ˈhæpəli/

in a joyous manner

From this reading His was a scholarly type of mind; he was well read in English literature, had a correct taste, and wrote readily and happily, both in prose and verse.

hastenedverbUS /ˈheɪsənd/

past form of “hasten” — act or move at high speed

From this reading He had matriculated at St. John's (where he obtained a 'founder's kin' Scholarship and, subsequently, a Fellowship) in 1779, at the early age of fourteen; his departure from home having been perhaps hastened in order to make room for the three or four pupils who were sharing his brothers' studies at that time.

havingauxiliary verbUS /ˈhævɪŋ/

the -ing form of “have”

From this reading He had matriculated at St. John's (where he obtained a 'founder's kin' Scholarship and, subsequently, a Fellowship) in 1779, at the early age of fourteen; his departure from home having been perhaps hastened in order to make room for the three or four pupils who were sharing his brothers' studies at that time.

HepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading He had matriculated at St. John's (where he obtained a 'founder's kin' Scholarship and, subsequently, a Fellowship) in 1779, at the early age of fourteen; his departure from home having been perhaps hastened in order to make room for the three or four pupils who were sharing his brothers' studies at that time.

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading James was evidently in sympathy with Cowper's return to nature from the more artificial and mechanical style of Pope's imitators, and so was she; in _Sense and Sensibility_, Marianne, after her first conversation with Willoughby, had happily assured herself of his admiring Pope 'no more than is proper.'

herselfpronounUS /hərˈself/

used when the woman or girl doing the action is also its object

From this reading James was evidently in sympathy with Cowper's return to nature from the more artificial and mechanical style of Pope's imitators, and so was she; in _Sense and Sensibility_, Marianne, after her first conversation with Willoughby, had happily assured herself of his admiring Pope 'no more than is proper.'

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading FAMILY LIFE 1779-1792 The eldest brother of the family, James, was nearly eleven years older than Jane, and had taken his degree at Oxford before she left school.

homenounUS /hoʊm/

where you live at a particular time

From this reading He had matriculated at St. John's (where he obtained a 'founder's kin' Scholarship and, subsequently, a Fellowship) in 1779, at the early age of fourteen; his departure from home having been perhaps hastened in order to make room for the three or four pupils who were sharing his brothers' studies at that time.

imitatorsnounUS /ˈɪmɪteɪtərz/

plural of “imitator” — someone who (fraudulently) assumes the appearance of another

From this reading James was evidently in sympathy with Cowper's return to nature from the more artificial and mechanical style of Pope's imitators, and so was she; in _Sense and Sensibility_, Marianne, after her first conversation with Willoughby, had happily assured herself of his admiring Pope 'no more than is proper.'

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading He had matriculated at St. John's (where he obtained a 'founder's kin' Scholarship and, subsequently, a Fellowship) in 1779, at the early age of fourteen; his departure from home having been perhaps hastened in order to make room for the three or four pupils who were sharing his brothers' studies at that time.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading James was evidently in sympathy with Cowper's return to nature from the more artificial and mechanical style of Pope's imitators, and so was she; in _Sense and Sensibility_, Marianne, after her first conversation with Willoughby, had happily assured herself of his admiring Pope 'no more than is proper.'

JamesnounUS /dʒeɪmz/

a Stuart king of Scotland who married a daughter of Henry VII; when England and France went to war in 1513 he invaded England and died in defeat at Flodden (1473-1513)

From this reading FAMILY LIFE 1779-1792 The eldest brother of the family, James, was nearly eleven years older than Jane, and had taken his degree at Oxford before she left school.

Jane

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading FAMILY LIFE 1779-1792 The eldest brother of the family, James, was nearly eleven years older than Jane, and had taken his degree at Oxford before she left school.

John'snounUS /dʒɑːnz/

possessive form of “john” — a room or building equipped with one or more toilets

From this reading He had matriculated at St. John's (where he obtained a 'founder's kin' Scholarship and, subsequently, a Fellowship) in 1779, at the early age of fourteen; his departure from home having been perhaps hastened in order to make room for the three or four pupils who were sharing his brothers' studies at that time.

kinnounUS /kɪn/

a person having kinship with another or others

From this reading He had matriculated at St. John's (where he obtained a 'founder's kin' Scholarship and, subsequently, a Fellowship) in 1779, at the early age of fourteen; his departure from home having been perhaps hastened in order to make room for the three or four pupils who were sharing his brothers' studies at that time.

largeadjectiveUS /lɑːrdʒ/

above average in size or number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading His son, the author of the _Memoir_, believes that he had a large share in directing the reading, and forming the taste, of his sister Jane.

leftnounUS /left/

location near or direction toward the left side; i.e. the side to the north when a person or object faces east

From this reading FAMILY LIFE 1779-1792 The eldest brother of the family, James, was nearly eleven years older than Jane, and had taken his degree at Oxford before she left school.

LIFEnounUS /laɪf/

a characteristic state or mode of living

From this reading FAMILY LIFE 1779-1792 The eldest brother of the family, James, was nearly eleven years older than Jane, and had taken his degree at Oxford before she left school.

literaturenounUS /ˈlɪtərətʃər/

creative writing of recognized artistic value

From this reading His was a scholarly type of mind; he was well read in English literature, had a correct taste, and wrote readily and happily, both in prose and verse.

makeverbUS /meɪk/

engage in

From this reading He had matriculated at St. John's (where he obtained a 'founder's kin' Scholarship and, subsequently, a Fellowship) in 1779, at the early age of fourteen; his departure from home having been perhaps hastened in order to make room for the three or four pupils who were sharing his brothers' studies at that time.

Marianne

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading James was evidently in sympathy with Cowper's return to nature from the more artificial and mechanical style of Pope's imitators, and so was she; in _Sense and Sensibility_, Marianne, after her first conversation with Willoughby, had happily assured herself of his admiring Pope 'no more than is proper.'

matriculatedverbUS /məˈtrɪkjəleɪtəd/

past form of “matriculate” — enroll as a student

From this reading He had matriculated at St. John's (where he obtained a 'founder's kin' Scholarship and, subsequently, a Fellowship) in 1779, at the early age of fourteen; his departure from home having been perhaps hastened in order to make room for the three or four pupils who were sharing his brothers' studies at that time.

mechanicaladjectiveUS /məˈkænɪkəl/

using (or as if using) mechanisms or tools or devices

From this reading James was evidently in sympathy with Cowper's return to nature from the more artificial and mechanical style of Pope's imitators, and so was she; in _Sense and Sensibility_, Marianne, after her first conversation with Willoughby, had happily assured herself of his admiring Pope 'no more than is proper.'

MemoirnounUS /ˈmemwɑːr/

an account of the author's personal experiences

From this reading His son, the author of the _Memoir_, believes that he had a large share in directing the reading, and forming the taste, of his sister Jane.

mindnounUS /maɪnd/

The element of a person that enables awareness and thought.

From this reading His was a scholarly type of mind; he was well read in English literature, had a correct taste, and wrote readily and happily, both in prose and verse.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading James was evidently in sympathy with Cowper's return to nature from the more artificial and mechanical style of Pope's imitators, and so was she; in _Sense and Sensibility_, Marianne, after her first conversation with Willoughby, had happily assured herself of his admiring Pope 'no more than is proper.'

naturenounUS /ˈneɪtʃər/

the essential qualities or characteristics by which something is recognized

From this reading James was evidently in sympathy with Cowper's return to nature from the more artificial and mechanical style of Pope's imitators, and so was she; in _Sense and Sensibility_, Marianne, after her first conversation with Willoughby, had happily assured herself of his admiring Pope 'no more than is proper.'

nearlyadverbUS /ˈnɪrli/

(of actions or states) slightly short of or not quite accomplished; all but

From this reading FAMILY LIFE 1779-1792 The eldest brother of the family, James, was nearly eleven years older than Jane, and had taken his degree at Oxford before she left school.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading James was evidently in sympathy with Cowper's return to nature from the more artificial and mechanical style of Pope's imitators, and so was she; in _Sense and Sensibility_, Marianne, after her first conversation with Willoughby, had happily assured herself of his admiring Pope 'no more than is proper.'

obtainedverbUS /əbˈteɪnd/

past form of “obtain” — come into possession of

From this reading He had matriculated at St. John's (where he obtained a 'founder's kin' Scholarship and, subsequently, a Fellowship) in 1779, at the early age of fourteen; his departure from home having been perhaps hastened in order to make room for the three or four pupils who were sharing his brothers' studies at that time.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading FAMILY LIFE 1779-1792 The eldest brother of the family, James, was nearly eleven years older than Jane, and had taken his degree at Oxford before she left school.

olderadjectiveUS /ˈoʊldər/

advanced in years; (“aged” is pronounced as two syllables)

From this reading FAMILY LIFE 1779-1792 The eldest brother of the family, James, was nearly eleven years older than Jane, and had taken his degree at Oxford before she left school.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading He had matriculated at St. John's (where he obtained a 'founder's kin' Scholarship and, subsequently, a Fellowship) in 1779, at the early age of fourteen; his departure from home having been perhaps hastened in order to make room for the three or four pupils who were sharing his brothers' studies at that time.

ordernounUS /ˈɔːrdər/

(often plural) a command given by a superior (e.g., a military or law enforcement officer) that must be obeyed

From this reading He had matriculated at St. John's (where he obtained a 'founder's kin' Scholarship and, subsequently, a Fellowship) in 1779, at the early age of fourteen; his departure from home having been perhaps hastened in order to make room for the three or four pupils who were sharing his brothers' studies at that time.

OxfordnounUS /ˈɑːksfərd/

a city in southern England to the northwest of London; site of Oxford University

From this reading FAMILY LIFE 1779-1792 The eldest brother of the family, James, was nearly eleven years older than Jane, and had taken his degree at Oxford before she left school.

perhapsadverbUS /pərˈhæps/

by chance

From this reading He had matriculated at St. John's (where he obtained a 'founder's kin' Scholarship and, subsequently, a Fellowship) in 1779, at the early age of fourteen; his departure from home having been perhaps hastened in order to make room for the three or four pupils who were sharing his brothers' studies at that time.

PopenounUS /poʊp/

the head of the Roman Catholic Church

From this reading James was evidently in sympathy with Cowper's return to nature from the more artificial and mechanical style of Pope's imitators, and so was she; in _Sense and Sensibility_, Marianne, after her first conversation with Willoughby, had happily assured herself of his admiring Pope 'no more than is proper.'

Pope'snounUS /poʊps/

possessive form of “pope” — the head of the Roman Catholic Church

From this reading James was evidently in sympathy with Cowper's return to nature from the more artificial and mechanical style of Pope's imitators, and so was she; in _Sense and Sensibility_, Marianne, after her first conversation with Willoughby, had happily assured herself of his admiring Pope 'no more than is proper.'

properadjectiveUS /ˈprɑːpər/

marked by suitability or rightness or appropriateness

From this reading James was evidently in sympathy with Cowper's return to nature from the more artificial and mechanical style of Pope's imitators, and so was she; in _Sense and Sensibility_, Marianne, after her first conversation with Willoughby, had happily assured herself of his admiring Pope 'no more than is proper.'

prosenounUS /proʊz/

ordinary writing as distinguished from verse

From this reading His was a scholarly type of mind; he was well read in English literature, had a correct taste, and wrote readily and happily, both in prose and verse.

pupilsnounUS /ˈpjuːpəlz/

plural of “pupil” — a learner who is enrolled in an educational institution

From this reading He had matriculated at St. John's (where he obtained a 'founder's kin' Scholarship and, subsequently, a Fellowship) in 1779, at the early age of fourteen; his departure from home having been perhaps hastened in order to make room for the three or four pupils who were sharing his brothers' studies at that time.

readverbUS /red/

interpret something that is written or printed

From this reading His was a scholarly type of mind; he was well read in English literature, had a correct taste, and wrote readily and happily, both in prose and verse.

readilyadverbUS /ˈredəli/

without much difficulty

From this reading His was a scholarly type of mind; he was well read in English literature, had a correct taste, and wrote readily and happily, both in prose and verse.

readingnounUS /ˈriːdɪŋ/

the cognitive process of understanding a written linguistic message

From this reading His son, the author of the _Memoir_, believes that he had a large share in directing the reading, and forming the taste, of his sister Jane.

returnverbUS /rɪˈtɜːrn/

go or come back to place, condition, or activity where one has been before

From this reading James was evidently in sympathy with Cowper's return to nature from the more artificial and mechanical style of Pope's imitators, and so was she; in _Sense and Sensibility_, Marianne, after her first conversation with Willoughby, had happily assured herself of his admiring Pope 'no more than is proper.'

roomnounUS /ruːm/

an area within a building enclosed by walls and floor and ceiling

From this reading He had matriculated at St. John's (where he obtained a 'founder's kin' Scholarship and, subsequently, a Fellowship) in 1779, at the early age of fourteen; his departure from home having been perhaps hastened in order to make room for the three or four pupils who were sharing his brothers' studies at that time.

scholarlyadjectiveUS /ˈskɑːlərli/

characteristic of scholars or scholarship

From this reading His was a scholarly type of mind; he was well read in English literature, had a correct taste, and wrote readily and happily, both in prose and verse.

ScholarshipnounUS /ˈskɑːlərʃɪp/

financial aid provided to a student on the basis of academic merit

From this reading He had matriculated at St. John's (where he obtained a 'founder's kin' Scholarship and, subsequently, a Fellowship) in 1779, at the early age of fourteen; his departure from home having been perhaps hastened in order to make room for the three or four pupils who were sharing his brothers' studies at that time.

schoolnounUS /skuːl/

an educational institution

From this reading FAMILY LIFE 1779-1792 The eldest brother of the family, James, was nearly eleven years older than Jane, and had taken his degree at Oxford before she left school.

SensenounUS /sens/

a general conscious awareness

From this reading James was evidently in sympathy with Cowper's return to nature from the more artificial and mechanical style of Pope's imitators, and so was she; in _Sense and Sensibility_, Marianne, after her first conversation with Willoughby, had happily assured herself of his admiring Pope 'no more than is proper.'

SensibilitynounUS /ˌsensɪˈbɪlɪti/

mental responsiveness and awareness

From this reading James was evidently in sympathy with Cowper's return to nature from the more artificial and mechanical style of Pope's imitators, and so was she; in _Sense and Sensibility_, Marianne, after her first conversation with Willoughby, had happily assured herself of his admiring Pope 'no more than is proper.'

shareverbUS /ʃer/

have in common

From this reading His son, the author of the _Memoir_, believes that he had a large share in directing the reading, and forming the taste, of his sister Jane.

sharingnounUS /ˈʃerɪŋ/

using or enjoying something jointly with others

From this reading He had matriculated at St. John's (where he obtained a 'founder's kin' Scholarship and, subsequently, a Fellowship) in 1779, at the early age of fourteen; his departure from home having been perhaps hastened in order to make room for the three or four pupils who were sharing his brothers' studies at that time.

shepronounUS /ʃiː/

a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading FAMILY LIFE 1779-1792 The eldest brother of the family, James, was nearly eleven years older than Jane, and had taken his degree at Oxford before she left school.

sisternounUS /ˈsɪstər/

a female person who has the same parents as another person

From this reading His son, the author of the _Memoir_, believes that he had a large share in directing the reading, and forming the taste, of his sister Jane.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading James was evidently in sympathy with Cowper's return to nature from the more artificial and mechanical style of Pope's imitators, and so was she; in _Sense and Sensibility_, Marianne, after her first conversation with Willoughby, had happily assured herself of his admiring Pope 'no more than is proper.'

sonnounUS /sʌn/

a male human offspring

From this reading His son, the author of the _Memoir_, believes that he had a large share in directing the reading, and forming the taste, of his sister Jane.

St

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He had matriculated at St. John's (where he obtained a 'founder's kin' Scholarship and, subsequently, a Fellowship) in 1779, at the early age of fourteen; his departure from home having been perhaps hastened in order to make room for the three or four pupils who were sharing his brothers' studies at that time.

studiesnounUS /ˈstʌdiz/

plural of “study” — a detailed critical inspection

From this reading He had matriculated at St. John's (where he obtained a 'founder's kin' Scholarship and, subsequently, a Fellowship) in 1779, at the early age of fourteen; his departure from home having been perhaps hastened in order to make room for the three or four pupils who were sharing his brothers' studies at that time.

stylenounUS /staɪl/

how something is done or how it happens

From this reading James was evidently in sympathy with Cowper's return to nature from the more artificial and mechanical style of Pope's imitators, and so was she; in _Sense and Sensibility_, Marianne, after her first conversation with Willoughby, had happily assured herself of his admiring Pope 'no more than is proper.'

subsequentlyadverbUS /ˈsʌbsəkwəntli/

happening at a time subsequent to a reference time

From this reading He had matriculated at St. John's (where he obtained a 'founder's kin' Scholarship and, subsequently, a Fellowship) in 1779, at the early age of fourteen; his departure from home having been perhaps hastened in order to make room for the three or four pupils who were sharing his brothers' studies at that time.

sympathynounUS /ˈsɪmpəθi/

an inclination to support or be loyal to or to agree with an opinion

From this reading James was evidently in sympathy with Cowper's return to nature from the more artificial and mechanical style of Pope's imitators, and so was she; in _Sense and Sensibility_, Marianne, after her first conversation with Willoughby, had happily assured herself of his admiring Pope 'no more than is proper.'

takenadjectiveUS /ˈteɪkən/

understood in a certain way; made sense of

From this reading FAMILY LIFE 1779-1792 The eldest brother of the family, James, was nearly eleven years older than Jane, and had taken his degree at Oxford before she left school.

tasteverbUS /teɪst/

To perceive flavor through the mouth.

From this reading His was a scholarly type of mind; he was well read in English literature, had a correct taste, and wrote readily and happily, both in prose and verse.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading FAMILY LIFE 1779-1792 The eldest brother of the family, James, was nearly eleven years older than Jane, and had taken his degree at Oxford before she left school.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading He had matriculated at St. John's (where he obtained a 'founder's kin' Scholarship and, subsequently, a Fellowship) in 1779, at the early age of fourteen; his departure from home having been perhaps hastened in order to make room for the three or four pupils who were sharing his brothers' studies at that time.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading FAMILY LIFE 1779-1792 The eldest brother of the family, James, was nearly eleven years older than Jane, and had taken his degree at Oxford before she left school.

threenounUS /θriː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one and one

From this reading He had matriculated at St. John's (where he obtained a 'founder's kin' Scholarship and, subsequently, a Fellowship) in 1779, at the early age of fourteen; his departure from home having been perhaps hastened in order to make room for the three or four pupils who were sharing his brothers' studies at that time.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading He had matriculated at St. John's (where he obtained a 'founder's kin' Scholarship and, subsequently, a Fellowship) in 1779, at the early age of fourteen; his departure from home having been perhaps hastened in order to make room for the three or four pupils who were sharing his brothers' studies at that time.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading He had matriculated at St. John's (where he obtained a 'founder's kin' Scholarship and, subsequently, a Fellowship) in 1779, at the early age of fourteen; his departure from home having been perhaps hastened in order to make room for the three or four pupils who were sharing his brothers' studies at that time.

typenounUS /taɪp/

a subdivision of a particular kind of thing

From this reading His was a scholarly type of mind; he was well read in English literature, had a correct taste, and wrote readily and happily, both in prose and verse.

versenounUS /vɜːrs/

literature in metrical form

From this reading His was a scholarly type of mind; he was well read in English literature, had a correct taste, and wrote readily and happily, both in prose and verse.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading FAMILY LIFE 1779-1792 The eldest brother of the family, James, was nearly eleven years older than Jane, and had taken his degree at Oxford before she left school.

welladverbUS /wel/

(often used as a combining form) in a good or proper or satisfactory manner or to a high standard (“good” is a nonstandard dialectal variant for “well”)

From this reading His was a scholarly type of mind; he was well read in English literature, had a correct taste, and wrote readily and happily, both in prose and verse.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading He had matriculated at St. John's (where he obtained a 'founder's kin' Scholarship and, subsequently, a Fellowship) in 1779, at the early age of fourteen; his departure from home having been perhaps hastened in order to make room for the three or four pupils who were sharing his brothers' studies at that time.

whereconjunctionUS /wer/

in or at the place that

From this reading He had matriculated at St. John's (where he obtained a 'founder's kin' Scholarship and, subsequently, a Fellowship) in 1779, at the early age of fourteen; his departure from home having been perhaps hastened in order to make room for the three or four pupils who were sharing his brothers' studies at that time.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading He had matriculated at St. John's (where he obtained a 'founder's kin' Scholarship and, subsequently, a Fellowship) in 1779, at the early age of fourteen; his departure from home having been perhaps hastened in order to make room for the three or four pupils who were sharing his brothers' studies at that time.

Willoughby

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading James was evidently in sympathy with Cowper's return to nature from the more artificial and mechanical style of Pope's imitators, and so was she; in _Sense and Sensibility_, Marianne, after her first conversation with Willoughby, had happily assured herself of his admiring Pope 'no more than is proper.'

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading James was evidently in sympathy with Cowper's return to nature from the more artificial and mechanical style of Pope's imitators, and so was she; in _Sense and Sensibility_, Marianne, after her first conversation with Willoughby, had happily assured herself of his admiring Pope 'no more than is proper.'

wroteverbUS /roʊt/

inflected form of “write” — produce a literary work

From this reading His was a scholarly type of mind; he was well read in English literature, had a correct taste, and wrote readily and happily, both in prose and verse.

yearsnounUS /jɪrz/

a late time of life

From this reading FAMILY LIFE 1779-1792 The eldest brother of the family, James, was nearly eleven years older than Jane, and had taken his degree at Oxford before she left school.

Chapter 4 of Jane Austen, Her Life and Letters by William Austen-Leigh holds 266 sentences, grouped into 54 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 4 of Jane Austen, Her Life and Letters contain?

Chapter 4 holds 266 sentences of Jane Austen, Her Life and Letters, unabridged, divided into 54 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 4 of Jane Austen, Her Life and Letters by William Austen-Leigh exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 266 sentences, grouped into 54 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 4 of Jane Austen, Her Life and Letters?

Work through the 54 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 54 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 4 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 4 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Jane Austen, Her Life and Letters

Common questions about reading Jane Austen, Her Life and Letters by William Austen-Leigh on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Jane Austen, Her Life and Letters?

Yes. All 6159 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #22536 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Jane Austen, Her Life and Letters is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #22536, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Jane Austen, Her Life and Letters take to read?

About 513 minutes of reading across 1232 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Jane Austen, Her Life and Letters section by section

How to work through Jane Austen, Her Life and Letters section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 22 chapters of Jane Austen, Her Life and Letters to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Jane Austen, Her Life and Letters

Words and structures a reader meets early in Jane Austen, Her Life and Letters, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Sixteenth
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Jane Austen, Her Life and Letters; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Century
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Jane Austen, Her Life and Letters; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Living
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Jane Austen, Her Life and Letters; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Horsmonden--a
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Jane Austen, Her Life and Letters; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.