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Jean-Christophe Journey's End
Jean-Christophe Journey's End

Chapter I · Chapter 1

Chapter 1 of Jean-Christophe Journey's End is here in full — 413 sentences across 83 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/82 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
In spite of the success which was beginning to materialize outside France, the two friends found their financial position very slow in mending.
Every now and then there recurred moments of penury when they were obliged to go without food.
They made up for it by eating twice as much as they needed when they had money.
But, on the whole, it was a trying existence.
For the time being they were in the period of the lean kine.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Jean-Christophe Journey's End

Chapter I · Chapter 1

Chapter 1 of Jean-Christophe Journey's End is here in full — 413 sentences across 83 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/82 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
In spite of the success which was beginning to materialize outside France, the two friends found their financial position very slow in mending.
/ɪn spaɪt ʌv ðə səkˈses wɪtʃ wɑːz bɪˈɡɪnɪŋ tuː məˈtɪriəlaɪz ˈaʊtˈsaɪd fræns ðə tuː frendz faʊnd ðer fəˈnænʃəl pəˈzɪʃən ˈveri sloʊ ɪn ˈmendɪŋ/
Line 2
Every now and then there recurred moments of penury when they were obliged to go without food.
/ˈevəri naʊ ənd ðen ðer riˈkɜːrd ˈmoʊmənts ʌv ˈpenjʊri wen ðeɪ wɜːr əˈblaɪdʒd tuː ɡoʊ wɪˈθaʊt fuːd/
Line 3
They made up for it by eating twice as much as they needed when they had money.
/ðeɪ meɪd ʌp fɔːr ɪt baɪ ˈiːtɪŋ twaɪs æz mʌtʃ æz ðeɪ ˈniːdəd wen ðeɪ hæd ˈmʌni/
Line 4
But, on the whole, it was a trying existence.
/bʌt ɑːn ðə hoʊl ɪt wɑːz ə ˈtraɪɪŋ eɡˈzɪstəns/
Line 5
For the time being they were in the period of the lean kine.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

eating noun US /ˈiːtɪŋ/

the act of consuming food

From this reading “They made up for it by eating twice as much as they needed when they had money.”

financial adjective US /fəˈnænʃəl/

involving financial matters

From this reading “In spite of the success which was beginning to materialize outside France, the two friends found their financial position very slow in mending.”

lean verb US /liːn/

to incline or bend from a vertical position

From this reading “For the time being they were in the period of the lean kine.”

materialize verb US /məˈtɪriəlaɪz/

come into being; become reality

From this reading “In spite of the success which was beginning to materialize outside France, the two friends found their financial position very slow in mending.”

mending noun US /ˈmendɪŋ/

garments that must be repaired

From this reading “In spite of the success which was beginning to materialize outside France, the two friends found their financial position very slow in mending.”

penury noun US /ˈpenjʊri/

a state of extreme poverty or destitution

From this reading “Every now and then there recurred moments of penury when they were obliged to go without food.”

period noun US /ˈpɪriəd/

an amount of time

From this reading “For the time being they were in the period of the lean kine.”

recurred verb US /riˈkɜːrd/

inflected form of “recur” — happen or occur again

From this reading “Every now and then there recurred moments of penury when they were obliged to go without food.”

All words in this reading · 59

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading But, on the whole, it was a trying existence.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Every now and then there recurred moments of penury when they were obliged to go without food.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading They made up for it by eating twice as much as they needed when they had money.

beginningnounUS /bɪˈɡɪnɪŋ/

the event consisting of the start of something

From this reading In spite of the success which was beginning to materialize outside France, the two friends found their financial position very slow in mending.

beingauxiliary verbUS /ˈbiːɪŋ/

the -ing form of “be”

From this reading For the time being they were in the period of the lean kine.

ButconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading But, on the whole, it was a trying existence.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading They made up for it by eating twice as much as they needed when they had money.

eatingnounUS /ˈiːtɪŋ/

the act of consuming food

From this reading They made up for it by eating twice as much as they needed when they had money.

EverydeterminerUS /ˈevəri/

all the members of a group, with none left out

From this reading Every now and then there recurred moments of penury when they were obliged to go without food.

existencenounUS /eɡˈzɪstəns/

the state or fact of existing

From this reading But, on the whole, it was a trying existence.

financialadjectiveUS /fəˈnænʃəl/

involving financial matters

From this reading In spite of the success which was beginning to materialize outside France, the two friends found their financial position very slow in mending.

foodnounUS /fuːd/

any substance that can be metabolized by an animal to give energy and build tissue

From this reading Every now and then there recurred moments of penury when they were obliged to go without food.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading They made up for it by eating twice as much as they needed when they had money.

foundverbUS /faʊnd/

set up or found

From this reading In spite of the success which was beginning to materialize outside France, the two friends found their financial position very slow in mending.

FrancenounUS /fræns/

a republic in western Europe; the largest country wholly in Europe

From this reading In spite of the success which was beginning to materialize outside France, the two friends found their financial position very slow in mending.

friendsnounUS /frendz/

plural of “friend” — a person you know well and regard with affection and trust

From this reading In spite of the success which was beginning to materialize outside France, the two friends found their financial position very slow in mending.

goverbUS /ɡoʊ/

change location; move, travel, or proceed, also metaphorically

From this reading Every now and then there recurred moments of penury when they were obliged to go without food.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading They made up for it by eating twice as much as they needed when they had money.

InprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading In spite of the success which was beginning to materialize outside France, the two friends found their financial position very slow in mending.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading They made up for it by eating twice as much as they needed when they had money.

kinenoun

domesticated bovine animals as a group regardless of sex or age

From this reading For the time being they were in the period of the lean kine.

leanverbUS /liːn/

to incline or bend from a vertical position

From this reading For the time being they were in the period of the lean kine.

madeadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading They made up for it by eating twice as much as they needed when they had money.

materializeverbUS /məˈtɪriəlaɪz/

come into being; become reality

From this reading In spite of the success which was beginning to materialize outside France, the two friends found their financial position very slow in mending.

mendingnounUS /ˈmendɪŋ/

garments that must be repaired

From this reading In spite of the success which was beginning to materialize outside France, the two friends found their financial position very slow in mending.

momentsnounUS /ˈmoʊmənts/

plural of “moment” — a particular point in time

From this reading Every now and then there recurred moments of penury when they were obliged to go without food.

moneynounUS /ˈmʌni/

the most common medium of exchange; functions as legal tender

From this reading They made up for it by eating twice as much as they needed when they had money.

muchadverbUS /mʌtʃ/

to a great degree or extent

From this reading They made up for it by eating twice as much as they needed when they had money.

neededadjectiveUS /ˈniːdəd/

necessary for relief or supply

From this reading They made up for it by eating twice as much as they needed when they had money.

nowadverbUS /naʊ/

in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events

From this reading Every now and then there recurred moments of penury when they were obliged to go without food.

obligedadjectiveUS /əˈblaɪdʒd/

under a moral obligation to do something

From this reading Every now and then there recurred moments of penury when they were obliged to go without food.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading In spite of the success which was beginning to materialize outside France, the two friends found their financial position very slow in mending.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading But, on the whole, it was a trying existence.

outsideadjectiveUS /ˈaʊtˈsaɪd/

relating to or being on or near the outer side or limit

From this reading In spite of the success which was beginning to materialize outside France, the two friends found their financial position very slow in mending.

penurynounUS /ˈpenjʊri/

a state of extreme poverty or destitution

From this reading Every now and then there recurred moments of penury when they were obliged to go without food.

periodnounUS /ˈpɪriəd/

an amount of time

From this reading For the time being they were in the period of the lean kine.

positionnounUS /pəˈzɪʃən/

the particular portion of space occupied by something

From this reading In spite of the success which was beginning to materialize outside France, the two friends found their financial position very slow in mending.

recurredverbUS /riˈkɜːrd/

inflected form of “recur” — happen or occur again

From this reading Every now and then there recurred moments of penury when they were obliged to go without food.

slowadjectiveUS /sloʊ/

not moving quickly; taking a comparatively long time

From this reading In spite of the success which was beginning to materialize outside France, the two friends found their financial position very slow in mending.

spitenounUS /spaɪt/

feeling a need to see others suffer

From this reading In spite of the success which was beginning to materialize outside France, the two friends found their financial position very slow in mending.

successnounUS /səkˈses/

an event that accomplishes its intended purpose

From this reading In spite of the success which was beginning to materialize outside France, the two friends found their financial position very slow in mending.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading In spite of the success which was beginning to materialize outside France, the two friends found their financial position very slow in mending.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading In spite of the success which was beginning to materialize outside France, the two friends found their financial position very slow in mending.

thenadverbUS /ðen/

subsequently or soon afterward (often used as sentence connectors)

From this reading Every now and then there recurred moments of penury when they were obliged to go without food.

thereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading Every now and then there recurred moments of penury when they were obliged to go without food.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Every now and then there recurred moments of penury when they were obliged to go without food.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading For the time being they were in the period of the lean kine.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading In spite of the success which was beginning to materialize outside France, the two friends found their financial position very slow in mending.

tryingadjectiveUS /ˈtraɪɪŋ/

hard to endure

From this reading But, on the whole, it was a trying existence.

twiceadverbUS /twaɪs/

two times

From this reading They made up for it by eating twice as much as they needed when they had money.

twonounUS /tuː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one or a numeral representing this number

From this reading In spite of the success which was beginning to materialize outside France, the two friends found their financial position very slow in mending.

upadjectiveUS /ʌp/

being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level

From this reading They made up for it by eating twice as much as they needed when they had money.

veryadjectiveUS /ˈveri/

precisely as stated

From this reading In spite of the success which was beginning to materialize outside France, the two friends found their financial position very slow in mending.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading In spite of the success which was beginning to materialize outside France, the two friends found their financial position very slow in mending.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Every now and then there recurred moments of penury when they were obliged to go without food.

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading Every now and then there recurred moments of penury when they were obliged to go without food.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading In spite of the success which was beginning to materialize outside France, the two friends found their financial position very slow in mending.

wholeadjectiveUS /hoʊl/

including all components without exception; being one unit or constituting the full amount or extent or duration; complete

From this reading But, on the whole, it was a trying existence.

withoutprepositionUS /wɪˈθaʊt/

not having, not using, or not accompanied by

From this reading Every now and then there recurred moments of penury when they were obliged to go without food.

Chapter 1 of Jean-Christophe Journey's End by Romain Rolland holds 413 sentences, grouped into 83 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 1 of Jean-Christophe Journey's End contain?

Chapter 1 holds 413 sentences of Jean-Christophe Journey's End, unabridged, divided into 83 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 1 of Jean-Christophe Journey's End by Romain Rolland exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 413 sentences, grouped into 83 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 1 of Jean-Christophe Journey's End?

Work through the 83 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 83 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 1 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 1 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Jean-Christophe Journey's End

Common questions about reading Jean-Christophe Journey's End by Romain Rolland on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Jean-Christophe Journey's End?

Yes. All 12165 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #7967 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Jean-Christophe Journey's End is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #7967, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Jean-Christophe Journey's End take to read?

About 600 minutes of reading across 2433 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Jean-Christophe Journey's End section by section

How to work through Jean-Christophe Journey's End section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

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  2. Read one section

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  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Jean-Christophe Journey's End

Words and structures a reader meets early in Jean-Christophe Journey's End, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Spite
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Jean-Christophe Journey's End; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Success
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Jean-Christophe Journey's End; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Beginning
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Jean-Christophe Journey's End; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Materialize
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Jean-Christophe Journey's End; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.