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Jean-Christophe, Volume I
Jean-Christophe, Volume I

Chapter XXXI · Chapter 31

Chapter 31 of Jean-Christophe, Volume I is here in full — 393 sentences across 79 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Jean-Christophe, Volume I
Context Illustration Reading 1/78 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
It was even worse for her.
She had never thought of flirting with Christophe, any more than he had thought of it with her.
The calumnious letters brought her imperceptibly to the ridiculous idea that after all Christophe was perhaps in love with her; and although he was never anywhere near showing any such feeling for her, she thought she must defend herself, not by referring directly to it, but by clumsy precautions, which Christophe did not understand at first, though, when he did understand, he was beside himself.
It was so stupid that it made him laugh and cry at the same time!
He in love with the honest little woman, kind enough as she was, but plain and common!...
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Jean-Christophe, Volume I

Chapter XXXI · Chapter 31

Chapter 31 of Jean-Christophe, Volume I is here in full — 393 sentences across 79 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/78 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
It was even worse for her.
/ɪt wɑːz ˈiːvɪn wɜːrs fɔːr hɜːr/
Line 2
She had never thought of flirting with Christophe, any more than he had thought of it with her.
Line 3
The calumnious letters brought her imperceptibly to the ridiculous idea that after all Christophe was perhaps in love with her; and although he was never anywhere near showing any such feeling for her, she thought she must defend herself, not by referring directly to it, but by clumsy precautions, which Christophe did not understand at first, though, when he did understand, he was beside himself.
Line 4
It was so stupid that it made him laugh and cry at the same time!
/ɪt wɑːz soʊ ˈstuːpəd ðæt ɪt meɪd hɪm læf ənd kraɪ æt ðə seɪm taɪm/
Line 5
He in love with the honest little woman, kind enough as she was, but plain and common!...
/hiː ɪn lʌv wɪð ðə ˈɑːnəst ˈlɪtəl ˈwʊmən kaɪnd ɪˈnʌf æz ʃiː wɑːz bʌt pleɪn ənd ˈkɑːmən/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

clumsy adjective US /ˈklʌmzi/

lacking grace in movement or posture

From this reading “The calumnious letters brought her imperceptibly to the ridiculous idea that after all Christophe was perhaps in love with her; and although he was never anywhere near showing any such feeling for her, she thought she must defend herself, not by referring directly to it, but by clumsy precautions, which Christophe did not understand at first, though, when he did understand, he was beside himself.”

defend verb US /dɪˈfend/

argue or speak in defense of

From this reading “The calumnious letters brought her imperceptibly to the ridiculous idea that after all Christophe was perhaps in love with her; and although he was never anywhere near showing any such feeling for her, she thought she must defend herself, not by referring directly to it, but by clumsy precautions, which Christophe did not understand at first, though, when he did understand, he was beside himself.”

flirting noun US /ˈflɜːrtɪŋ/

playful behavior intended to arouse sexual interest

From this reading “She had never thought of flirting with Christophe, any more than he had thought of it with her.”

imperceptibly adverb US /ˌɪmpərˈseptɪbli/

in an imperceptible manner or to an imperceptible degree

From this reading “The calumnious letters brought her imperceptibly to the ridiculous idea that after all Christophe was perhaps in love with her; and although he was never anywhere near showing any such feeling for her, she thought she must defend herself, not by referring directly to it, but by clumsy precautions, which Christophe did not understand at first, though, when he did understand, he was beside himself.”

precautions noun US /priˈkɔːʃənz/

plural of “precaution” — a precautionary measure warding off impending danger or damage or injury etc.

From this reading “The calumnious letters brought her imperceptibly to the ridiculous idea that after all Christophe was perhaps in love with her; and although he was never anywhere near showing any such feeling for her, she thought she must defend herself, not by referring directly to it, but by clumsy precautions, which Christophe did not understand at first, though, when he did understand, he was beside himself.”

referring verb US /rɪˈfɜːrɪŋ/

inflected form of “refer” — make reference to

From this reading “The calumnious letters brought her imperceptibly to the ridiculous idea that after all Christophe was perhaps in love with her; and although he was never anywhere near showing any such feeling for her, she thought she must defend herself, not by referring directly to it, but by clumsy precautions, which Christophe did not understand at first, though, when he did understand, he was beside himself.”

ridiculous adjective US /rɪˈdɪkjələs/

inspiring scornful pity

From this reading “The calumnious letters brought her imperceptibly to the ridiculous idea that after all Christophe was perhaps in love with her; and although he was never anywhere near showing any such feeling for her, she thought she must defend herself, not by referring directly to it, but by clumsy precautions, which Christophe did not understand at first, though, when he did understand, he was beside himself.”

stupid adjective US /ˈstuːpəd/

lacking or marked by lack of intellectual acuity

From this reading “It was so stupid that it made him laugh and cry at the same time!”

All words in this reading · 74

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

afterprepositionUS /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading The calumnious letters brought her imperceptibly to the ridiculous idea that after all Christophe was perhaps in love with her; and although he was never anywhere near showing any such feeling for her, she thought she must defend herself, not by referring directly to it, but by clumsy precautions, which Christophe did not understand at first, though, when he did understand, he was beside himself.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading The calumnious letters brought her imperceptibly to the ridiculous idea that after all Christophe was perhaps in love with her; and although he was never anywhere near showing any such feeling for her, she thought she must defend herself, not by referring directly to it, but by clumsy precautions, which Christophe did not understand at first, though, when he did understand, he was beside himself.

althoughconjunctionUS /ˌɔːlˈðoʊ/

in spite of the fact that

From this reading The calumnious letters brought her imperceptibly to the ridiculous idea that after all Christophe was perhaps in love with her; and although he was never anywhere near showing any such feeling for her, she thought she must defend herself, not by referring directly to it, but by clumsy precautions, which Christophe did not understand at first, though, when he did understand, he was beside himself.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading The calumnious letters brought her imperceptibly to the ridiculous idea that after all Christophe was perhaps in love with her; and although he was never anywhere near showing any such feeling for her, she thought she must defend herself, not by referring directly to it, but by clumsy precautions, which Christophe did not understand at first, though, when he did understand, he was beside himself.

anyadjectiveUS /ˈeni/

one or some or every or all without specification

From this reading She had never thought of flirting with Christophe, any more than he had thought of it with her.

anywhereadverbUS /ˈeniwer/

at or in or to any place

From this reading The calumnious letters brought her imperceptibly to the ridiculous idea that after all Christophe was perhaps in love with her; and although he was never anywhere near showing any such feeling for her, she thought she must defend herself, not by referring directly to it, but by clumsy precautions, which Christophe did not understand at first, though, when he did understand, he was beside himself.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading He in love with the honest little woman, kind enough as she was, but plain and common!...

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading The calumnious letters brought her imperceptibly to the ridiculous idea that after all Christophe was perhaps in love with her; and although he was never anywhere near showing any such feeling for her, she thought she must defend herself, not by referring directly to it, but by clumsy precautions, which Christophe did not understand at first, though, when he did understand, he was beside himself.

besideprepositionUS /bɪˈsaɪd/

next to; at the side of

From this reading The calumnious letters brought her imperceptibly to the ridiculous idea that after all Christophe was perhaps in love with her; and although he was never anywhere near showing any such feeling for her, she thought she must defend herself, not by referring directly to it, but by clumsy precautions, which Christophe did not understand at first, though, when he did understand, he was beside himself.

broughtverbUS /brɔːt/

inflected form of “bring” — take something or somebody with oneself somewhere

From this reading The calumnious letters brought her imperceptibly to the ridiculous idea that after all Christophe was perhaps in love with her; and although he was never anywhere near showing any such feeling for her, she thought she must defend herself, not by referring directly to it, but by clumsy precautions, which Christophe did not understand at first, though, when he did understand, he was beside himself.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading The calumnious letters brought her imperceptibly to the ridiculous idea that after all Christophe was perhaps in love with her; and although he was never anywhere near showing any such feeling for her, she thought she must defend herself, not by referring directly to it, but by clumsy precautions, which Christophe did not understand at first, though, when he did understand, he was beside himself.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading The calumnious letters brought her imperceptibly to the ridiculous idea that after all Christophe was perhaps in love with her; and although he was never anywhere near showing any such feeling for her, she thought she must defend herself, not by referring directly to it, but by clumsy precautions, which Christophe did not understand at first, though, when he did understand, he was beside himself.

calumniousadjective

(used of statements) harmful and often untrue; tending to discredit or malign

From this reading The calumnious letters brought her imperceptibly to the ridiculous idea that after all Christophe was perhaps in love with her; and although he was never anywhere near showing any such feeling for her, she thought she must defend herself, not by referring directly to it, but by clumsy precautions, which Christophe did not understand at first, though, when he did understand, he was beside himself.

Christophe

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading She had never thought of flirting with Christophe, any more than he had thought of it with her.

clumsyadjectiveUS /ˈklʌmzi/

lacking grace in movement or posture

From this reading The calumnious letters brought her imperceptibly to the ridiculous idea that after all Christophe was perhaps in love with her; and although he was never anywhere near showing any such feeling for her, she thought she must defend herself, not by referring directly to it, but by clumsy precautions, which Christophe did not understand at first, though, when he did understand, he was beside himself.

commonadjectiveUS /ˈkɑːmən/

belonging to or participated in by a community as a whole; public

From this reading He in love with the honest little woman, kind enough as she was, but plain and common!...

cryverbUS /kraɪ/

utter a sudden loud cry

From this reading It was so stupid that it made him laugh and cry at the same time!

defendverbUS /dɪˈfend/

argue or speak in defense of

From this reading The calumnious letters brought her imperceptibly to the ridiculous idea that after all Christophe was perhaps in love with her; and although he was never anywhere near showing any such feeling for her, she thought she must defend herself, not by referring directly to it, but by clumsy precautions, which Christophe did not understand at first, though, when he did understand, he was beside himself.

didauxiliary verbUS /dɪd/

the past form of “do”, used in questions and negatives

From this reading The calumnious letters brought her imperceptibly to the ridiculous idea that after all Christophe was perhaps in love with her; and although he was never anywhere near showing any such feeling for her, she thought she must defend herself, not by referring directly to it, but by clumsy precautions, which Christophe did not understand at first, though, when he did understand, he was beside himself.

directlyadverbUS /dərˈektli/

without deviation

From this reading The calumnious letters brought her imperceptibly to the ridiculous idea that after all Christophe was perhaps in love with her; and although he was never anywhere near showing any such feeling for her, she thought she must defend herself, not by referring directly to it, but by clumsy precautions, which Christophe did not understand at first, though, when he did understand, he was beside himself.

enoughnounUS /ɪˈnʌf/

an adequate quantity; a quantity that is large enough to achieve a purpose

From this reading He in love with the honest little woman, kind enough as she was, but plain and common!...

evenadjectiveUS /ˈiːvɪn/

divisible by two

From this reading It was even worse for her.

feelingnounUS /ˈfiːlɪŋ/

the experiencing of affective and emotional states

From this reading The calumnious letters brought her imperceptibly to the ridiculous idea that after all Christophe was perhaps in love with her; and although he was never anywhere near showing any such feeling for her, she thought she must defend herself, not by referring directly to it, but by clumsy precautions, which Christophe did not understand at first, though, when he did understand, he was beside himself.

firstadjectiveUS /fɜːrst/

preceding all others in time or space or degree

From this reading The calumnious letters brought her imperceptibly to the ridiculous idea that after all Christophe was perhaps in love with her; and although he was never anywhere near showing any such feeling for her, she thought she must defend herself, not by referring directly to it, but by clumsy precautions, which Christophe did not understand at first, though, when he did understand, he was beside himself.

flirtingnounUS /ˈflɜːrtɪŋ/

playful behavior intended to arouse sexual interest

From this reading She had never thought of flirting with Christophe, any more than he had thought of it with her.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading It was even worse for her.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading She had never thought of flirting with Christophe, any more than he had thought of it with her.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading She had never thought of flirting with Christophe, any more than he had thought of it with her.

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading It was even worse for her.

herselfpronounUS /hərˈself/

used when the woman or girl doing the action is also its object

From this reading The calumnious letters brought her imperceptibly to the ridiculous idea that after all Christophe was perhaps in love with her; and although he was never anywhere near showing any such feeling for her, she thought she must defend herself, not by referring directly to it, but by clumsy precautions, which Christophe did not understand at first, though, when he did understand, he was beside himself.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading It was so stupid that it made him laugh and cry at the same time!

himselfpronounUS /hɪmˈself/

used when the man or boy doing the action is also its object

From this reading The calumnious letters brought her imperceptibly to the ridiculous idea that after all Christophe was perhaps in love with her; and although he was never anywhere near showing any such feeling for her, she thought she must defend herself, not by referring directly to it, but by clumsy precautions, which Christophe did not understand at first, though, when he did understand, he was beside himself.

honestadjectiveUS /ˈɑːnəst/

not disposed to cheat or defraud; not deceptive or fraudulent

From this reading He in love with the honest little woman, kind enough as she was, but plain and common!...

ideanounUS /aɪˈdiːə/

the content of cognition; the main thing you are thinking about

From this reading The calumnious letters brought her imperceptibly to the ridiculous idea that after all Christophe was perhaps in love with her; and although he was never anywhere near showing any such feeling for her, she thought she must defend herself, not by referring directly to it, but by clumsy precautions, which Christophe did not understand at first, though, when he did understand, he was beside himself.

imperceptiblyadverbUS /ˌɪmpərˈseptɪbli/

in an imperceptible manner or to an imperceptible degree

From this reading The calumnious letters brought her imperceptibly to the ridiculous idea that after all Christophe was perhaps in love with her; and although he was never anywhere near showing any such feeling for her, she thought she must defend herself, not by referring directly to it, but by clumsy precautions, which Christophe did not understand at first, though, when he did understand, he was beside himself.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading The calumnious letters brought her imperceptibly to the ridiculous idea that after all Christophe was perhaps in love with her; and although he was never anywhere near showing any such feeling for her, she thought she must defend herself, not by referring directly to it, but by clumsy precautions, which Christophe did not understand at first, though, when he did understand, he was beside himself.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading It was even worse for her.

kindadjectiveUS /kaɪnd/

having or showing a tender and considerate and helpful nature; used especially of persons and their behavior

From this reading He in love with the honest little woman, kind enough as she was, but plain and common!...

laughnounUS /læf/

the sound of laughing

From this reading It was so stupid that it made him laugh and cry at the same time!

lettersnounUS /ˈletərz/

the literary culture

From this reading The calumnious letters brought her imperceptibly to the ridiculous idea that after all Christophe was perhaps in love with her; and although he was never anywhere near showing any such feeling for her, she thought she must defend herself, not by referring directly to it, but by clumsy precautions, which Christophe did not understand at first, though, when he did understand, he was beside himself.

littleadjectiveUS /ˈlɪtəl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading He in love with the honest little woman, kind enough as she was, but plain and common!...

lovenounUS /lʌv/

a strong positive emotion of regard and affection

From this reading The calumnious letters brought her imperceptibly to the ridiculous idea that after all Christophe was perhaps in love with her; and although he was never anywhere near showing any such feeling for her, she thought she must defend herself, not by referring directly to it, but by clumsy precautions, which Christophe did not understand at first, though, when he did understand, he was beside himself.

madeadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading It was so stupid that it made him laugh and cry at the same time!

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading She had never thought of flirting with Christophe, any more than he had thought of it with her.

mustmodal verbUS /mʌst/

used to say something is necessary, or almost certainly true

From this reading The calumnious letters brought her imperceptibly to the ridiculous idea that after all Christophe was perhaps in love with her; and although he was never anywhere near showing any such feeling for her, she thought she must defend herself, not by referring directly to it, but by clumsy precautions, which Christophe did not understand at first, though, when he did understand, he was beside himself.

nearadverbUS /nɪr/

near in time or place or relationship

From this reading The calumnious letters brought her imperceptibly to the ridiculous idea that after all Christophe was perhaps in love with her; and although he was never anywhere near showing any such feeling for her, she thought she must defend herself, not by referring directly to it, but by clumsy precautions, which Christophe did not understand at first, though, when he did understand, he was beside himself.

neveradverbUS /ˈnevər/

not ever; at no time in the past or future

From this reading She had never thought of flirting with Christophe, any more than he had thought of it with her.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading The calumnious letters brought her imperceptibly to the ridiculous idea that after all Christophe was perhaps in love with her; and although he was never anywhere near showing any such feeling for her, she thought she must defend herself, not by referring directly to it, but by clumsy precautions, which Christophe did not understand at first, though, when he did understand, he was beside himself.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading She had never thought of flirting with Christophe, any more than he had thought of it with her.

perhapsadverbUS /pərˈhæps/

by chance

From this reading The calumnious letters brought her imperceptibly to the ridiculous idea that after all Christophe was perhaps in love with her; and although he was never anywhere near showing any such feeling for her, she thought she must defend herself, not by referring directly to it, but by clumsy precautions, which Christophe did not understand at first, though, when he did understand, he was beside himself.

plainadjectiveUS /pleɪn/

clearly revealed to the mind or the senses or judgment

From this reading He in love with the honest little woman, kind enough as she was, but plain and common!...

precautionsnounUS /priˈkɔːʃənz/

plural of “precaution” — a precautionary measure warding off impending danger or damage or injury etc.

From this reading The calumnious letters brought her imperceptibly to the ridiculous idea that after all Christophe was perhaps in love with her; and although he was never anywhere near showing any such feeling for her, she thought she must defend herself, not by referring directly to it, but by clumsy precautions, which Christophe did not understand at first, though, when he did understand, he was beside himself.

referringverbUS /rɪˈfɜːrɪŋ/

inflected form of “refer” — make reference to

From this reading The calumnious letters brought her imperceptibly to the ridiculous idea that after all Christophe was perhaps in love with her; and although he was never anywhere near showing any such feeling for her, she thought she must defend herself, not by referring directly to it, but by clumsy precautions, which Christophe did not understand at first, though, when he did understand, he was beside himself.

ridiculousadjectiveUS /rɪˈdɪkjələs/

inspiring scornful pity

From this reading The calumnious letters brought her imperceptibly to the ridiculous idea that after all Christophe was perhaps in love with her; and although he was never anywhere near showing any such feeling for her, she thought she must defend herself, not by referring directly to it, but by clumsy precautions, which Christophe did not understand at first, though, when he did understand, he was beside himself.

sameadjectiveUS /seɪm/

Identical; not different.

From this reading It was so stupid that it made him laugh and cry at the same time!

ShepronounUS /ʃiː/

a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading She had never thought of flirting with Christophe, any more than he had thought of it with her.

showingnounUS /ˈʃoʊɪŋ/

the display of a motion picture

From this reading The calumnious letters brought her imperceptibly to the ridiculous idea that after all Christophe was perhaps in love with her; and although he was never anywhere near showing any such feeling for her, she thought she must defend herself, not by referring directly to it, but by clumsy precautions, which Christophe did not understand at first, though, when he did understand, he was beside himself.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading It was so stupid that it made him laugh and cry at the same time!

stupidadjectiveUS /ˈstuːpəd/

lacking or marked by lack of intellectual acuity

From this reading It was so stupid that it made him laugh and cry at the same time!

suchdeterminerUS /sʌtʃ/

of the kind already mentioned

From this reading The calumnious letters brought her imperceptibly to the ridiculous idea that after all Christophe was perhaps in love with her; and although he was never anywhere near showing any such feeling for her, she thought she must defend herself, not by referring directly to it, but by clumsy precautions, which Christophe did not understand at first, though, when he did understand, he was beside himself.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading She had never thought of flirting with Christophe, any more than he had thought of it with her.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading The calumnious letters brought her imperceptibly to the ridiculous idea that after all Christophe was perhaps in love with her; and although he was never anywhere near showing any such feeling for her, she thought she must defend herself, not by referring directly to it, but by clumsy precautions, which Christophe did not understand at first, though, when he did understand, he was beside himself.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading The calumnious letters brought her imperceptibly to the ridiculous idea that after all Christophe was perhaps in love with her; and although he was never anywhere near showing any such feeling for her, she thought she must defend herself, not by referring directly to it, but by clumsy precautions, which Christophe did not understand at first, though, when he did understand, he was beside himself.

thoughconjunctionUS /ðoʊ/

in spite of the fact that

From this reading The calumnious letters brought her imperceptibly to the ridiculous idea that after all Christophe was perhaps in love with her; and although he was never anywhere near showing any such feeling for her, she thought she must defend herself, not by referring directly to it, but by clumsy precautions, which Christophe did not understand at first, though, when he did understand, he was beside himself.

thoughtnounUS /θɔːt/

the content of cognition; the main thing you are thinking about

From this reading She had never thought of flirting with Christophe, any more than he had thought of it with her.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading It was so stupid that it made him laugh and cry at the same time!

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading The calumnious letters brought her imperceptibly to the ridiculous idea that after all Christophe was perhaps in love with her; and although he was never anywhere near showing any such feeling for her, she thought she must defend herself, not by referring directly to it, but by clumsy precautions, which Christophe did not understand at first, though, when he did understand, he was beside himself.

understandverbUS /ˌʌndərˈstænd/

know and comprehend the nature or meaning of

From this reading The calumnious letters brought her imperceptibly to the ridiculous idea that after all Christophe was perhaps in love with her; and although he was never anywhere near showing any such feeling for her, she thought she must defend herself, not by referring directly to it, but by clumsy precautions, which Christophe did not understand at first, though, when he did understand, he was beside himself.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading It was even worse for her.

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading The calumnious letters brought her imperceptibly to the ridiculous idea that after all Christophe was perhaps in love with her; and although he was never anywhere near showing any such feeling for her, she thought she must defend herself, not by referring directly to it, but by clumsy precautions, which Christophe did not understand at first, though, when he did understand, he was beside himself.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading The calumnious letters brought her imperceptibly to the ridiculous idea that after all Christophe was perhaps in love with her; and although he was never anywhere near showing any such feeling for her, she thought she must defend herself, not by referring directly to it, but by clumsy precautions, which Christophe did not understand at first, though, when he did understand, he was beside himself.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading She had never thought of flirting with Christophe, any more than he had thought of it with her.

womannounUS /ˈwʊmən/

an adult female person (as opposed to a man)

From this reading He in love with the honest little woman, kind enough as she was, but plain and common!...

worseadjectiveUS /wɜːrs/

(comparative of “bad”) inferior to another in quality or condition or desirability

From this reading It was even worse for her.

Chapter 31 of Jean-Christophe, Volume I by Romain Rolland holds 393 sentences, grouped into 79 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 31 of Jean-Christophe, Volume I contain?

Chapter 31 holds 393 sentences of Jean-Christophe, Volume I, unabridged, divided into 79 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 31 of Jean-Christophe, Volume I by Romain Rolland exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 393 sentences, grouped into 79 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 31 of Jean-Christophe, Volume I?

Work through the 79 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 79 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 31 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 31 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Jean-Christophe, Volume I

Common questions about reading Jean-Christophe, Volume I by Romain Rolland on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Jean-Christophe, Volume I?

Yes. All 14377 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #7979 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Jean-Christophe, Volume I is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #7979, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Jean-Christophe, Volume I take to read?

About 600 minutes of reading across 2876 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Jean-Christophe, Volume I section by section

How to work through Jean-Christophe, Volume I section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 36 chapters of Jean-Christophe, Volume I to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Jean-Christophe, Volume I

Words and structures a reader meets early in Jean-Christophe, Volume I, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Jean-christophe
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Jean-Christophe, Volume I; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
History
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Jean-Christophe, Volume I; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Development
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Jean-Christophe, Volume I; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Musician
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Jean-Christophe, Volume I; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.