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Jed, the Poorhouse Boy
Jed, the Poorhouse Boy

Chapter VIII

Chapter 8 of Jed, the Poorhouse Boy is here in full — 130 sentences across 26 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Jed, the Poorhouse Boy
Context Illustration Reading 1/26 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
MR.
FOGSON IS ASTONISHED.
The sleeper had already slept off pretty nearly all the effects of his potations, and the sudden cold bath restored him wholly to himself.
But it also aroused in him a feeling of anger, justifiable under the circumstances, and, not belonging to the Peace Society, he was moved to punish the person to whom he was indebted for his unpleasant experience.
With a smothered imprecation he sprang from the bed and seized the astonished Fogson by the throat, while he shook him violently.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Jed, the Poorhouse Boy

Chapter VIII

Chapter 8 of Jed, the Poorhouse Boy is here in full — 130 sentences across 26 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/26 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
MR.
/ˈmɪstər/
Line 2
FOGSON IS ASTONISHED.
Line 3
The sleeper had already slept off pretty nearly all the effects of his potations, and the sudden cold bath restored him wholly to himself.
Line 4
But it also aroused in him a feeling of anger, justifiable under the circumstances, and, not belonging to the Peace Society, he was moved to punish the person to whom he was indebted for his unpleasant experience.
/bʌt ɪt ˈɔːlsoʊ ərˈaʊzd ɪn hɪm ə ˈfiːlɪŋ ʌv ˈæŋɡər ˈdʒʌstəfaɪəbəl ˈʌndər ðə ˈsɜːrkəmstænsəz ənd nɑːt bɪˈlɔːŋɪŋ tuː ðə piːs səˈsaɪəti hiː wɑːz muːvd tuː ˈpʌnɪʃ ðə ˈpɜːrsən tuː huːm hiː wɑːz ˌɪnˈdetɪd fɔːr hɪz ənˈplezənt ɪkˈspɪriəns/
Line 5
With a smothered imprecation he sprang from the bed and seized the astonished Fogson by the throat, while he shook him violently.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

bath noun US /bæθ/

a vessel containing liquid in which something is immersed (as to process it or to maintain it at a constant temperature or to lubricate it)

From this reading “The sleeper had already slept off pretty nearly all the effects of his potations, and the sudden cold bath restored him wholly to himself.”

belonging noun US /bɪˈlɔːŋɪŋ/

happiness felt in a secure relationship

From this reading “But it also aroused in him a feeling of anger, justifiable under the circumstances, and, not belonging to the Peace Society, he was moved to punish the person to whom he was indebted for his unpleasant experience.”

indebted adjective US /ˌɪnˈdetɪd/

owing gratitude or recognition to another for help or favors etc

From this reading “But it also aroused in him a feeling of anger, justifiable under the circumstances, and, not belonging to the Peace Society, he was moved to punish the person to whom he was indebted for his unpleasant experience.”

justifiable adjective US /ˈdʒʌstəfaɪəbəl/

capable of being justified

From this reading “But it also aroused in him a feeling of anger, justifiable under the circumstances, and, not belonging to the Peace Society, he was moved to punish the person to whom he was indebted for his unpleasant experience.”

punish verb US /ˈpʌnɪʃ/

impose a penalty on; inflict punishment on

From this reading “But it also aroused in him a feeling of anger, justifiable under the circumstances, and, not belonging to the Peace Society, he was moved to punish the person to whom he was indebted for his unpleasant experience.”

restored verb US /rɪˈstɔːrd/

past form of “restore” — return to its original or usable and functioning condition

From this reading “The sleeper had already slept off pretty nearly all the effects of his potations, and the sudden cold bath restored him wholly to himself.”

sleeper noun US /ˈsliːpər/

a rester who is sleeping

From this reading “The sleeper had already slept off pretty nearly all the effects of his potations, and the sudden cold bath restored him wholly to himself.”

smothered adjective US /ˈsmʌðərd/

held in check with difficulty

From this reading “With a smothered imprecation he sprang from the bed and seized the astonished Fogson by the throat, while he shook him violently.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

under the circumstances preposition + article + noun counted as “under … circumstances”

because of prevailing conditions

In this reading “But it also aroused in him a feeling of anger, justifiable under the circumstances, and, not belonging to the Peace Society, he was moved to punish the person to whom he was indebted for his unpleasant experience.”

cold bath adjective + noun

In this reading “The sleeper had already slept off pretty nearly all the effects of his potations, and the sudden cold bath restored him wholly to himself.”

nearly all adverb + adjective

In this reading “The sleeper had already slept off pretty nearly all the effects of his potations, and the sudden cold bath restored him wholly to himself.”

sprang from verb + particle counted as “spring from”

In this reading “With a smothered imprecation he sprang from the bed and seized the astonished Fogson by the throat, while he shook him violently.”

by the throat preposition + article + noun counted as “by … throat”

In this reading “With a smothered imprecation he sprang from the bed and seized the astonished Fogson by the throat, while he shook him violently.”

All words in this reading · 63

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading But it also aroused in him a feeling of anger, justifiable under the circumstances, and, not belonging to the Peace Society, he was moved to punish the person to whom he was indebted for his unpleasant experience.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading The sleeper had already slept off pretty nearly all the effects of his potations, and the sudden cold bath restored him wholly to himself.

alreadyadverbUS /ɔːlˈredi/

prior to a specified or implied time

From this reading The sleeper had already slept off pretty nearly all the effects of his potations, and the sudden cold bath restored him wholly to himself.

alsoadverbUS /ˈɔːlsoʊ/

in addition

From this reading But it also aroused in him a feeling of anger, justifiable under the circumstances, and, not belonging to the Peace Society, he was moved to punish the person to whom he was indebted for his unpleasant experience.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading The sleeper had already slept off pretty nearly all the effects of his potations, and the sudden cold bath restored him wholly to himself.

angernounUS /ˈæŋɡər/

a strong emotion; a feeling that is oriented toward some real or supposed grievance

From this reading But it also aroused in him a feeling of anger, justifiable under the circumstances, and, not belonging to the Peace Society, he was moved to punish the person to whom he was indebted for his unpleasant experience.

arousedadjectiveUS /ərˈaʊzd/

aroused to action

From this reading But it also aroused in him a feeling of anger, justifiable under the circumstances, and, not belonging to the Peace Society, he was moved to punish the person to whom he was indebted for his unpleasant experience.

ASTONISHEDadjectiveUS /əˈstɑːnɪʃt/

filled with the emotional impact of overwhelming surprise or shock

From this reading FOGSON IS ASTONISHED.

bathnounUS /bæθ/

a vessel containing liquid in which something is immersed (as to process it or to maintain it at a constant temperature or to lubricate it)

From this reading The sleeper had already slept off pretty nearly all the effects of his potations, and the sudden cold bath restored him wholly to himself.

bednounUS /bed/

a piece of furniture that provides a place to sleep

From this reading With a smothered imprecation he sprang from the bed and seized the astonished Fogson by the throat, while he shook him violently.

belongingnounUS /bɪˈlɔːŋɪŋ/

happiness felt in a secure relationship

From this reading But it also aroused in him a feeling of anger, justifiable under the circumstances, and, not belonging to the Peace Society, he was moved to punish the person to whom he was indebted for his unpleasant experience.

ButconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading But it also aroused in him a feeling of anger, justifiable under the circumstances, and, not belonging to the Peace Society, he was moved to punish the person to whom he was indebted for his unpleasant experience.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading With a smothered imprecation he sprang from the bed and seized the astonished Fogson by the throat, while he shook him violently.

circumstancesnounUS /ˈsɜːrkəmstænsəz/

your overall circumstances or condition in life (including everything that happens to you)

From this reading But it also aroused in him a feeling of anger, justifiable under the circumstances, and, not belonging to the Peace Society, he was moved to punish the person to whom he was indebted for his unpleasant experience.

coldadjectiveUS /koʊld/

having a low or inadequate temperature or feeling a sensation of coldness or having been made cold by e.g. ice or refrigeration

From this reading The sleeper had already slept off pretty nearly all the effects of his potations, and the sudden cold bath restored him wholly to himself.

effectsnounUS /ɪˈfekts/

property of a personal character that is portable but not used in business

From this reading The sleeper had already slept off pretty nearly all the effects of his potations, and the sudden cold bath restored him wholly to himself.

experienceverbUS /ɪkˈspɪriəns/

undergo or live through a difficult experience

From this reading But it also aroused in him a feeling of anger, justifiable under the circumstances, and, not belonging to the Peace Society, he was moved to punish the person to whom he was indebted for his unpleasant experience.

feelingnounUS /ˈfiːlɪŋ/

the experiencing of affective and emotional states

From this reading But it also aroused in him a feeling of anger, justifiable under the circumstances, and, not belonging to the Peace Society, he was moved to punish the person to whom he was indebted for his unpleasant experience.

FOGSON

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading FOGSON IS ASTONISHED.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading But it also aroused in him a feeling of anger, justifiable under the circumstances, and, not belonging to the Peace Society, he was moved to punish the person to whom he was indebted for his unpleasant experience.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading With a smothered imprecation he sprang from the bed and seized the astonished Fogson by the throat, while he shook him violently.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading The sleeper had already slept off pretty nearly all the effects of his potations, and the sudden cold bath restored him wholly to himself.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading But it also aroused in him a feeling of anger, justifiable under the circumstances, and, not belonging to the Peace Society, he was moved to punish the person to whom he was indebted for his unpleasant experience.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading The sleeper had already slept off pretty nearly all the effects of his potations, and the sudden cold bath restored him wholly to himself.

himselfpronounUS /hɪmˈself/

used when the man or boy doing the action is also its object

From this reading The sleeper had already slept off pretty nearly all the effects of his potations, and the sudden cold bath restored him wholly to himself.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading The sleeper had already slept off pretty nearly all the effects of his potations, and the sudden cold bath restored him wholly to himself.

imprecationnoun

the act of calling down a curse that invokes evil (and usually serves as an insult)

From this reading With a smothered imprecation he sprang from the bed and seized the astonished Fogson by the throat, while he shook him violently.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading But it also aroused in him a feeling of anger, justifiable under the circumstances, and, not belonging to the Peace Society, he was moved to punish the person to whom he was indebted for his unpleasant experience.

indebtedadjectiveUS /ˌɪnˈdetɪd/

owing gratitude or recognition to another for help or favors etc

From this reading But it also aroused in him a feeling of anger, justifiable under the circumstances, and, not belonging to the Peace Society, he was moved to punish the person to whom he was indebted for his unpleasant experience.

ISauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading FOGSON IS ASTONISHED.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading But it also aroused in him a feeling of anger, justifiable under the circumstances, and, not belonging to the Peace Society, he was moved to punish the person to whom he was indebted for his unpleasant experience.

justifiableadjectiveUS /ˈdʒʌstəfaɪəbəl/

capable of being justified

From this reading But it also aroused in him a feeling of anger, justifiable under the circumstances, and, not belonging to the Peace Society, he was moved to punish the person to whom he was indebted for his unpleasant experience.

movedadjectiveUS /muːvd/

being excited or provoked to the expression of an emotion

From this reading But it also aroused in him a feeling of anger, justifiable under the circumstances, and, not belonging to the Peace Society, he was moved to punish the person to whom he was indebted for his unpleasant experience.

MRnounUS /ˈmɪstər/

a form of address for a man

From this reading MR.

nearlyadverbUS /ˈnɪrli/

(of actions or states) slightly short of or not quite accomplished; all but

From this reading The sleeper had already slept off pretty nearly all the effects of his potations, and the sudden cold bath restored him wholly to himself.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading But it also aroused in him a feeling of anger, justifiable under the circumstances, and, not belonging to the Peace Society, he was moved to punish the person to whom he was indebted for his unpleasant experience.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading The sleeper had already slept off pretty nearly all the effects of his potations, and the sudden cold bath restored him wholly to himself.

offadverbUS /ɔːf/

from a particular thing or place or position (“forth” is obsolete)

From this reading The sleeper had already slept off pretty nearly all the effects of his potations, and the sudden cold bath restored him wholly to himself.

PeacenounUS /piːs/

the state prevailing during the absence of war

From this reading But it also aroused in him a feeling of anger, justifiable under the circumstances, and, not belonging to the Peace Society, he was moved to punish the person to whom he was indebted for his unpleasant experience.

personnounUS /ˈpɜːrsən/

a human being

From this reading But it also aroused in him a feeling of anger, justifiable under the circumstances, and, not belonging to the Peace Society, he was moved to punish the person to whom he was indebted for his unpleasant experience.

potations

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The sleeper had already slept off pretty nearly all the effects of his potations, and the sudden cold bath restored him wholly to himself.

prettyadjectiveUS /ˈprɪti/

pleasing by delicacy or grace; not imposing

From this reading The sleeper had already slept off pretty nearly all the effects of his potations, and the sudden cold bath restored him wholly to himself.

punishverbUS /ˈpʌnɪʃ/

impose a penalty on; inflict punishment on

From this reading But it also aroused in him a feeling of anger, justifiable under the circumstances, and, not belonging to the Peace Society, he was moved to punish the person to whom he was indebted for his unpleasant experience.

restoredverbUS /rɪˈstɔːrd/

past form of “restore” — return to its original or usable and functioning condition

From this reading The sleeper had already slept off pretty nearly all the effects of his potations, and the sudden cold bath restored him wholly to himself.

seizedverbUS /siːzd/

past form of “seize” — take hold of; grab

From this reading With a smothered imprecation he sprang from the bed and seized the astonished Fogson by the throat, while he shook him violently.

shooknounUS /ʃʊk/

a disassembled barrel; the parts packed for storage or shipment

From this reading With a smothered imprecation he sprang from the bed and seized the astonished Fogson by the throat, while he shook him violently.

sleepernounUS /ˈsliːpər/

a rester who is sleeping

From this reading The sleeper had already slept off pretty nearly all the effects of his potations, and the sudden cold bath restored him wholly to himself.

sleptverbUS /slept/

inflected form of “sleep” — be asleep

From this reading The sleeper had already slept off pretty nearly all the effects of his potations, and the sudden cold bath restored him wholly to himself.

smotheredadjectiveUS /ˈsmʌðərd/

held in check with difficulty

From this reading With a smothered imprecation he sprang from the bed and seized the astonished Fogson by the throat, while he shook him violently.

SocietynounUS /səˈsaɪəti/

an extended social group having a distinctive cultural and economic organization

From this reading But it also aroused in him a feeling of anger, justifiable under the circumstances, and, not belonging to the Peace Society, he was moved to punish the person to whom he was indebted for his unpleasant experience.

sprangverbUS /spræŋ/

inflected form of “spring” — move forward by leaps and bounds

From this reading With a smothered imprecation he sprang from the bed and seized the astonished Fogson by the throat, while he shook him violently.

suddenadjectiveUS /ˈsʌdən/

happening without warning or in a short space of time

From this reading The sleeper had already slept off pretty nearly all the effects of his potations, and the sudden cold bath restored him wholly to himself.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading The sleeper had already slept off pretty nearly all the effects of his potations, and the sudden cold bath restored him wholly to himself.

throatnounUS /θroʊt/

The passage at the back of the mouth.

From this reading With a smothered imprecation he sprang from the bed and seized the astonished Fogson by the throat, while he shook him violently.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading The sleeper had already slept off pretty nearly all the effects of his potations, and the sudden cold bath restored him wholly to himself.

underprepositionUS /ˈʌndər/

below or beneath something; less than

From this reading But it also aroused in him a feeling of anger, justifiable under the circumstances, and, not belonging to the Peace Society, he was moved to punish the person to whom he was indebted for his unpleasant experience.

unpleasantadjectiveUS /ənˈplezənt/

offensive or disagreeable; causing discomfort or unhappiness

From this reading But it also aroused in him a feeling of anger, justifiable under the circumstances, and, not belonging to the Peace Society, he was moved to punish the person to whom he was indebted for his unpleasant experience.

violentlyadverbUS /ˈvaɪələntli/

in a violent manner

From this reading With a smothered imprecation he sprang from the bed and seized the astonished Fogson by the throat, while he shook him violently.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading But it also aroused in him a feeling of anger, justifiable under the circumstances, and, not belonging to the Peace Society, he was moved to punish the person to whom he was indebted for his unpleasant experience.

whileconjunctionUS /waɪl/

during the time that

From this reading With a smothered imprecation he sprang from the bed and seized the astonished Fogson by the throat, while he shook him violently.

whollyadverbUS /ˈhoʊli/

to a complete degree or to the full or entire extent (“whole” is often used informally for “wholly”)

From this reading The sleeper had already slept off pretty nearly all the effects of his potations, and the sudden cold bath restored him wholly to himself.

whompronounUS /huːm/

the form of “who” used as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading But it also aroused in him a feeling of anger, justifiable under the circumstances, and, not belonging to the Peace Society, he was moved to punish the person to whom he was indebted for his unpleasant experience.

WithprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading With a smothered imprecation he sprang from the bed and seized the astonished Fogson by the throat, while he shook him violently.

Chapter 8 of Jed, the Poorhouse Boy by Horatio, Jr. Alger holds 130 sentences, grouped into 26 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 8 of Jed, the Poorhouse Boy contain?

Chapter 8 holds 130 sentences of Jed, the Poorhouse Boy, unabridged, divided into 26 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 8 of Jed, the Poorhouse Boy by Horatio, Jr. Alger exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 130 sentences, grouped into 26 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 8 of Jed, the Poorhouse Boy?

Work through the 26 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 26 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 8 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 8 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Jed, the Poorhouse Boy

Common questions about reading Jed, the Poorhouse Boy by Horatio, Jr. Alger on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Jed, the Poorhouse Boy?

Yes. All 5160 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #54350 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Jed, the Poorhouse Boy is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #54350, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Jed, the Poorhouse Boy take to read?

About 430 minutes of reading across 1032 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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How to work through Jed, the Poorhouse Boy section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

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  2. Read one section

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  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Jed, the Poorhouse Boy

Words and structures a reader meets early in Jed, the Poorhouse Boy, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Https
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Jed, the Poorhouse Boy; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Books
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Jed, the Poorhouse Boy; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Google
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Jed, the Poorhouse Boy; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Lvjclz
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Jed, the Poorhouse Boy; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.