Chapter 18 of Jed, the Poorhouse Boy is here in full — 56 sentences across 12 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.
A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.
Chapter XVIII
Chapter 18 of Jed, the Poorhouse Boy is here in full — 56 sentences across 12 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.
MR. FOGSON RECEIVES A LETTER. Let us go back to the Scranton poorhouse. Mr. Fogson was sawing wood near the house. It was a task which Jed had been accustomed to do, but in his absence it devolved upon Mr. Fogson, who was very much disinclined to that form of labor, but still more to paying for having it done.
Chapter 18 of Jed, the Poorhouse Boy is here in full — 56 sentences across 12 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.
Reading 1/11 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5
These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.
Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.
past form of “devolve” — pass on or delegate to another
From this reading “It was a task which Jed had been accustomed to do, but in his absence it devolved upon Mr. Fogson, who was very much disinclined to that form of labor, but still more to paying for having it done.”
unwilling because of mild dislike or disapproval
From this reading “It was a task which Jed had been accustomed to do, but in his absence it devolved upon Mr. Fogson, who was very much disinclined to that form of labor, but still more to paying for having it done.”
a social class comprising those who do manual labor or work for wages
From this reading “It was a task which Jed had been accustomed to do, but in his absence it devolved upon Mr. Fogson, who was very much disinclined to that form of labor, but still more to paying for having it done.”
yielding a fair profit
From this reading “It was a task which Jed had been accustomed to do, but in his absence it devolved upon Mr. Fogson, who was very much disinclined to that form of labor, but still more to paying for having it done.”
an establishment maintained at public expense in order to provide housing for the poor and homeless
From this reading “Let us go back to the Scranton poorhouse.”
third-person singular of “receive” — get something; come into possession of
From this reading “FOGSON RECEIVES A LETTER.”
-ing form of “saw” — cut with a saw
From this reading “Mr. Fogson was sawing wood near the house.”
an industrial city of northeastern Pennsylvania
From this reading “Let us go back to the Scranton poorhouse.”
English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.
Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.
belong to an earlier time
In this reading “Let us go back to the Scranton poorhouse.”
In this reading “FOGSON RECEIVES A LETTER.”
Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.
Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.
used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one
From this reading FOGSON RECEIVES A LETTER.
the state of being absent
From this reading It was a task which Jed had been accustomed to do, but in his absence it devolved upon Mr. Fogson, who was very much disinclined to that form of labor, but still more to paying for having it done.
commonly used or practiced; usual
From this reading It was a task which Jed had been accustomed to do, but in his absence it devolved upon Mr. Fogson, who was very much disinclined to that form of labor, but still more to paying for having it done.
in or to or toward a former location
From this reading Let us go back to the Scranton poorhouse.
the past participle of “be”
From this reading It was a task which Jed had been accustomed to do, but in his absence it devolved upon Mr. Fogson, who was very much disinclined to that form of labor, but still more to paying for having it done.
used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before
From this reading It was a task which Jed had been accustomed to do, but in his absence it devolved upon Mr. Fogson, who was very much disinclined to that form of labor, but still more to paying for having it done.
past form of “devolve” — pass on or delegate to another
From this reading It was a task which Jed had been accustomed to do, but in his absence it devolved upon Mr. Fogson, who was very much disinclined to that form of labor, but still more to paying for having it done.
unwilling because of mild dislike or disapproval
From this reading It was a task which Jed had been accustomed to do, but in his absence it devolved upon Mr. Fogson, who was very much disinclined to that form of labor, but still more to paying for having it done.
used to form questions and negatives, and to give emphasis
From this reading It was a task which Jed had been accustomed to do, but in his absence it devolved upon Mr. Fogson, who was very much disinclined to that form of labor, but still more to paying for having it done.
having finished or arrived at completion
From this reading It was a task which Jed had been accustomed to do, but in his absence it devolved upon Mr. Fogson, who was very much disinclined to that form of labor, but still more to paying for having it done.
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading FOGSON RECEIVES A LETTER.
intended to be given to, or used by, somebody
From this reading It was a task which Jed had been accustomed to do, but in his absence it devolved upon Mr. Fogson, who was very much disinclined to that form of labor, but still more to paying for having it done.
the phonological or orthographic sound or appearance of a word that can be used to describe or identify something
From this reading It was a task which Jed had been accustomed to do, but in his absence it devolved upon Mr. Fogson, who was very much disinclined to that form of labor, but still more to paying for having it done.
change location; move, travel, or proceed, also metaphorically
From this reading Let us go back to the Scranton poorhouse.
the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect
From this reading It was a task which Jed had been accustomed to do, but in his absence it devolved upon Mr. Fogson, who was very much disinclined to that form of labor, but still more to paying for having it done.
the -ing form of “have”
From this reading It was a task which Jed had been accustomed to do, but in his absence it devolved upon Mr. Fogson, who was very much disinclined to that form of labor, but still more to paying for having it done.
belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned
From this reading It was a task which Jed had been accustomed to do, but in his absence it devolved upon Mr. Fogson, who was very much disinclined to that form of labor, but still more to paying for having it done.
a dwelling that serves as living quarters for one or more families
From this reading Mr. Fogson was sawing wood near the house.
inside something, or within a place, period, or state
From this reading It was a task which Jed had been accustomed to do, but in his absence it devolved upon Mr. Fogson, who was very much disinclined to that form of labor, but still more to paying for having it done.
a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned
From this reading It was a task which Jed had been accustomed to do, but in his absence it devolved upon Mr. Fogson, who was very much disinclined to that form of labor, but still more to paying for having it done.
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading It was a task which Jed had been accustomed to do, but in his absence it devolved upon Mr. Fogson, who was very much disinclined to that form of labor, but still more to paying for having it done.
a social class comprising those who do manual labor or work for wages
From this reading It was a task which Jed had been accustomed to do, but in his absence it devolved upon Mr. Fogson, who was very much disinclined to that form of labor, but still more to paying for having it done.
used to make a suggestion or a command including the speaker
From this reading Let us go back to the Scranton poorhouse.
a written message addressed to a person or organization
From this reading FOGSON RECEIVES A LETTER.
(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree
From this reading It was a task which Jed had been accustomed to do, but in his absence it devolved upon Mr. Fogson, who was very much disinclined to that form of labor, but still more to paying for having it done.
a form of address for a man
From this reading MR.
to a great degree or extent
From this reading It was a task which Jed had been accustomed to do, but in his absence it devolved upon Mr. Fogson, who was very much disinclined to that form of labor, but still more to paying for having it done.
near in time or place or relationship
From this reading Mr. Fogson was sawing wood near the house.
belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something
From this reading It was a task which Jed had been accustomed to do, but in his absence it devolved upon Mr. Fogson, who was very much disinclined to that form of labor, but still more to paying for having it done.
yielding a fair profit
From this reading It was a task which Jed had been accustomed to do, but in his absence it devolved upon Mr. Fogson, who was very much disinclined to that form of labor, but still more to paying for having it done.
an establishment maintained at public expense in order to provide housing for the poor and homeless
From this reading Let us go back to the Scranton poorhouse.
third-person singular of “receive” — get something; come into possession of
From this reading FOGSON RECEIVES A LETTER.
-ing form of “saw” — cut with a saw
From this reading Mr. Fogson was sawing wood near the house.
an industrial city of northeastern Pennsylvania
From this reading Let us go back to the Scranton poorhouse.
not in physical motion
From this reading It was a task which Jed had been accustomed to do, but in his absence it devolved upon Mr. Fogson, who was very much disinclined to that form of labor, but still more to paying for having it done.
any piece of work that is undertaken or attempted
From this reading It was a task which Jed had been accustomed to do, but in his absence it devolved upon Mr. Fogson, who was very much disinclined to that form of labor, but still more to paying for having it done.
used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt
From this reading It was a task which Jed had been accustomed to do, but in his absence it devolved upon Mr. Fogson, who was very much disinclined to that form of labor, but still more to paying for having it done.
used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind
From this reading Let us go back to the Scranton poorhouse.
used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive
From this reading Let us go back to the Scranton poorhouse.
a formal word for “on”
From this reading It was a task which Jed had been accustomed to do, but in his absence it devolved upon Mr. Fogson, who was very much disinclined to that form of labor, but still more to paying for having it done.
the speaker and others, as the object of a verb or preposition
From this reading Let us go back to the Scranton poorhouse.
precisely as stated
From this reading It was a task which Jed had been accustomed to do, but in his absence it devolved upon Mr. Fogson, who was very much disinclined to that form of labor, but still more to paying for having it done.
the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun
From this reading Mr. Fogson was sawing wood near the house.
used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned
From this reading It was a task which Jed had been accustomed to do, but in his absence it devolved upon Mr. Fogson, who was very much disinclined to that form of labor, but still more to paying for having it done.
which person or people
From this reading It was a task which Jed had been accustomed to do, but in his absence it devolved upon Mr. Fogson, who was very much disinclined to that form of labor, but still more to paying for having it done.
the hard fibrous lignified substance under the bark of trees
From this reading Mr. Fogson was sawing wood near the house.
Chapter 18 of Jed, the Poorhouse Boy by Horatio, Jr. Alger holds 56 sentences, grouped into 12 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.
Chapter 18 holds 56 sentences of Jed, the Poorhouse Boy, unabridged, divided into 12 reading sections.
This page carries chapter 18 of Jed, the Poorhouse Boy by Horatio, Jr. Alger exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 56 sentences, grouped into 12 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.
Work through the 12 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.
Each of the 12 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.
Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 18 can be played aloud in United States English.
Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.
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Yes. All 5160 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #54350 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.
Project Gutenberg eBook #54350, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.
About 430 minutes of reading across 1032 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.
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Choose one of the 40 chapters of Jed, the Poorhouse Boy to begin.
Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.
Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.
Words and structures a reader meets early in Jed, the Poorhouse Boy, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.
