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Jed's Boy
Jed's Boy

Chapter XXIII · Held by the Enemy

Chapter XXIII of Jed's Boy, “Held by the Enemy,” is here in full — 128 sentences across 26 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Jed's Boy
Context Illustration Reading 1/25 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
I was awakened by a tumult of voices, and by men stumbling over me.
So sound had been my sleep that at first I did not recognize my surroundings.
A throng of new prisoners was coming through the narrow door near where I was lying.
I sat up with my back against the wall, to see if there were any that I knew, and also to take advantage of any circumstance that might favor me.
I did not recognize any of the men, but spoke to some of them.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Jed's Boy

Chapter XXIII · Held by the Enemy

Chapter XXIII of Jed's Boy, “Held by the Enemy,” is here in full — 128 sentences across 26 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/25 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
I was awakened by a tumult of voices, and by men stumbling over me.
/aɪ wɑːz əˈweɪkənd baɪ ə ˈtuːməlt ʌv ˈvɔɪsəz ənd baɪ men ˈstʌmbəlɪŋ ˈoʊvər miː/
Line 2
So sound had been my sleep that at first I did not recognize my surroundings.
/soʊ saʊnd hæd bɪn maɪ sliːp ðæt æt fɜːrst aɪ dɪd nɑːt ˈrekəɡnaɪz maɪ sərˈaʊndɪŋz/
Line 3
A throng of new prisoners was coming through the narrow door near where I was lying.
/ə θrɔːŋ ʌv nuː ˈprɪzənərz wɑːz ˈkʌmɪŋ θruː ðə ˈneroʊ dɔːr nɪr wer aɪ wɑːz ˈlaɪɪŋ/
Line 4
I sat up with my back against the wall, to see if there were any that I knew, and also to take advantage of any circumstance that might favor me.
/aɪ sæt ʌp wɪð maɪ bæk əˈɡenst ðə wɔːl tuː siː ɪf ðer wɜːr ˈeni ðæt aɪ nuː ənd ˈɔːlsoʊ tuː teɪk ædˈvæntɪdʒ ʌv ˈeni ˈsɜːrkəmstæns ðæt maɪt ˈfeɪvər miː/
Line 5
I did not recognize any of the men, but spoke to some of them.
/aɪ dɪd nɑːt ˈrekəɡnaɪz ˈeni ʌv ðə men bʌt spoʊk tuː sʌm ʌv ðem/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

awakened adjective US /əˈweɪkənd/

aroused or activated

From this reading “I was awakened by a tumult of voices, and by men stumbling over me.”

circumstance noun US /ˈsɜːrkəmstæns/

a condition that accompanies or influences some event or activity

From this reading “I sat up with my back against the wall, to see if there were any that I knew, and also to take advantage of any circumstance that might favor me.”

favor verb US /ˈfeɪvər/

promote over another

From this reading “I sat up with my back against the wall, to see if there were any that I knew, and also to take advantage of any circumstance that might favor me.”

recognize verb US /ˈrekəɡnaɪz/

accept (someone) to be what is claimed or accept his power and authority

From this reading “So sound had been my sleep that at first I did not recognize my surroundings.”

stumbling verb US /ˈstʌmbəlɪŋ/

-ing form of “stumble” — walk unsteadily

From this reading “I was awakened by a tumult of voices, and by men stumbling over me.”

surroundings noun US /sərˈaʊndɪŋz/

the environmental condition

From this reading “So sound had been my sleep that at first I did not recognize my surroundings.”

throng noun US /θrɔːŋ/

a large gathering of people

From this reading “A throng of new prisoners was coming through the narrow door near where I was lying.”

tumult noun US /ˈtuːməlt/

a state of commotion and noise and confusion

From this reading “I was awakened by a tumult of voices, and by men stumbling over me.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

against the wall preposition + article + noun counted as “against … wall”

In this reading “I sat up with my back against the wall, to see if there were any that I knew, and also to take advantage of any circumstance that might favor me.”

stumbling over verb + particle counted as “stumble over”

In this reading “I was awakened by a tumult of voices, and by men stumbling over me.”

take advantage verb + noun

draw advantages from

In this reading “I sat up with my back against the wall, to see if there were any that I knew, and also to take advantage of any circumstance that might favor me.”

All words in this reading · 60

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading I was awakened by a tumult of voices, and by men stumbling over me.

advantagenounUS /ædˈvæntɪdʒ/

the quality of having a superior or more favorable position

From this reading I sat up with my back against the wall, to see if there were any that I knew, and also to take advantage of any circumstance that might favor me.

againstprepositionUS /əˈɡenst/

touching and pressing; in opposition to

From this reading I sat up with my back against the wall, to see if there were any that I knew, and also to take advantage of any circumstance that might favor me.

alsoadverbUS /ˈɔːlsoʊ/

in addition

From this reading I sat up with my back against the wall, to see if there were any that I knew, and also to take advantage of any circumstance that might favor me.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading I was awakened by a tumult of voices, and by men stumbling over me.

anyadjectiveUS /ˈeni/

one or some or every or all without specification

From this reading I sat up with my back against the wall, to see if there were any that I knew, and also to take advantage of any circumstance that might favor me.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading So sound had been my sleep that at first I did not recognize my surroundings.

awakenedadjectiveUS /əˈweɪkənd/

aroused or activated

From this reading I was awakened by a tumult of voices, and by men stumbling over me.

backadverbUS /bæk/

in or to or toward a former location

From this reading I sat up with my back against the wall, to see if there were any that I knew, and also to take advantage of any circumstance that might favor me.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading So sound had been my sleep that at first I did not recognize my surroundings.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading I did not recognize any of the men, but spoke to some of them.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading I was awakened by a tumult of voices, and by men stumbling over me.

circumstancenounUS /ˈsɜːrkəmstæns/

a condition that accompanies or influences some event or activity

From this reading I sat up with my back against the wall, to see if there were any that I knew, and also to take advantage of any circumstance that might favor me.

comingnounUS /ˈkʌmɪŋ/

the act of drawing spatially closer to something

From this reading A throng of new prisoners was coming through the narrow door near where I was lying.

didauxiliary verbUS /dɪd/

the past form of “do”, used in questions and negatives

From this reading So sound had been my sleep that at first I did not recognize my surroundings.

doornounUS /dɔːr/

a swinging or sliding barrier that will close the entrance to a room or building or vehicle

From this reading A throng of new prisoners was coming through the narrow door near where I was lying.

favorverbUS /ˈfeɪvər/

promote over another

From this reading I sat up with my back against the wall, to see if there were any that I knew, and also to take advantage of any circumstance that might favor me.

firstadjectiveUS /fɜːrst/

preceding all others in time or space or degree

From this reading So sound had been my sleep that at first I did not recognize my surroundings.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading So sound had been my sleep that at first I did not recognize my surroundings.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading I was awakened by a tumult of voices, and by men stumbling over me.

ifconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading I sat up with my back against the wall, to see if there were any that I knew, and also to take advantage of any circumstance that might favor me.

knewverbUS /nuː/

inflected form of “know” — be cognizant or aware of a fact or a specific piece of information; possess knowledge or information about

From this reading I sat up with my back against the wall, to see if there were any that I knew, and also to take advantage of any circumstance that might favor me.

lyingnounUS /ˈlaɪɪŋ/

the deliberate act of deviating from the truth

From this reading A throng of new prisoners was coming through the narrow door near where I was lying.

mepronounUS /miː/

the person speaking, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading I was awakened by a tumult of voices, and by men stumbling over me.

mennounUS /men/

the force of workers available

From this reading I was awakened by a tumult of voices, and by men stumbling over me.

mightmodal verbUS /maɪt/

used to say something is possible but not certain

From this reading I sat up with my back against the wall, to see if there were any that I knew, and also to take advantage of any circumstance that might favor me.

mydeterminerUS /maɪ/

belonging to the person speaking

From this reading So sound had been my sleep that at first I did not recognize my surroundings.

narrowverbUS /ˈneroʊ/

make or become more narrow or restricted

From this reading A throng of new prisoners was coming through the narrow door near where I was lying.

nearadverbUS /nɪr/

near in time or place or relationship

From this reading A throng of new prisoners was coming through the narrow door near where I was lying.

newadjectiveUS /nuː/

not of long duration; having just (or relatively recently) come into being or been made or acquired or discovered

From this reading A throng of new prisoners was coming through the narrow door near where I was lying.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading So sound had been my sleep that at first I did not recognize my surroundings.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading I was awakened by a tumult of voices, and by men stumbling over me.

overprepositionUS /ˈoʊvər/

above and across; more than

From this reading I was awakened by a tumult of voices, and by men stumbling over me.

prisonersnounUS /ˈprɪzənərz/

plural of “prisoner” — a person who is confined; especially a prisoner of war

From this reading A throng of new prisoners was coming through the narrow door near where I was lying.

recognizeverbUS /ˈrekəɡnaɪz/

accept (someone) to be what is claimed or accept his power and authority

From this reading So sound had been my sleep that at first I did not recognize my surroundings.

satnounUS /sæt/

the seventh and last day of the week; observed as the Sabbath by Jews and some Christians

From this reading I sat up with my back against the wall, to see if there were any that I knew, and also to take advantage of any circumstance that might favor me.

seeverbUS /siː/

perceive by sight or have the power to perceive by sight

From this reading I sat up with my back against the wall, to see if there were any that I knew, and also to take advantage of any circumstance that might favor me.

sleepnounUS /sliːp/

a natural and periodic state of rest during which consciousness of the world is suspended

From this reading So sound had been my sleep that at first I did not recognize my surroundings.

SoconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading So sound had been my sleep that at first I did not recognize my surroundings.

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading I did not recognize any of the men, but spoke to some of them.

soundnounUS /saʊnd/

the particular auditory effect produced by a given cause

From this reading So sound had been my sleep that at first I did not recognize my surroundings.

spokenounUS /spoʊk/

support consisting of a radial member of a wheel joining the hub to the rim

From this reading I did not recognize any of the men, but spoke to some of them.

stumblingverbUS /ˈstʌmbəlɪŋ/

-ing form of “stumble” — walk unsteadily

From this reading I was awakened by a tumult of voices, and by men stumbling over me.

surroundingsnounUS /sərˈaʊndɪŋz/

the environmental condition

From this reading So sound had been my sleep that at first I did not recognize my surroundings.

takeverbUS /teɪk/

carry out

From this reading I sat up with my back against the wall, to see if there were any that I knew, and also to take advantage of any circumstance that might favor me.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading So sound had been my sleep that at first I did not recognize my surroundings.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading A throng of new prisoners was coming through the narrow door near where I was lying.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading I did not recognize any of the men, but spoke to some of them.

thereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading I sat up with my back against the wall, to see if there were any that I knew, and also to take advantage of any circumstance that might favor me.

throngnounUS /θrɔːŋ/

a large gathering of people

From this reading A throng of new prisoners was coming through the narrow door near where I was lying.

throughprepositionUS /θruː/

from one end or side of something to the other

From this reading A throng of new prisoners was coming through the narrow door near where I was lying.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading I sat up with my back against the wall, to see if there were any that I knew, and also to take advantage of any circumstance that might favor me.

tumultnounUS /ˈtuːməlt/

a state of commotion and noise and confusion

From this reading I was awakened by a tumult of voices, and by men stumbling over me.

upadjectiveUS /ʌp/

being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level

From this reading I sat up with my back against the wall, to see if there were any that I knew, and also to take advantage of any circumstance that might favor me.

voicesnounUS /ˈvɔɪsəz/

plural of “voice” — the distinctive quality or pitch or condition of a person's speech

From this reading I was awakened by a tumult of voices, and by men stumbling over me.

wallnounUS /wɔːl/

an architectural partition with a height and length greater than its thickness; used to divide or enclose an area or to support another structure

From this reading I sat up with my back against the wall, to see if there were any that I knew, and also to take advantage of any circumstance that might favor me.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading I was awakened by a tumult of voices, and by men stumbling over me.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading I sat up with my back against the wall, to see if there were any that I knew, and also to take advantage of any circumstance that might favor me.

whereconjunctionUS /wer/

in or at the place that

From this reading A throng of new prisoners was coming through the narrow door near where I was lying.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading I sat up with my back against the wall, to see if there were any that I knew, and also to take advantage of any circumstance that might favor me.

Chapter 23 of Jed's Boy by Warren Lee Goss holds 128 sentences, grouped into 26 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 23 of Jed's Boy contain?

Chapter 23 holds 128 sentences of Jed's Boy, unabridged, divided into 26 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 23 of Jed's Boy by Warren Lee Goss exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 128 sentences, grouped into 26 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 23 of Jed's Boy?

Work through the 26 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 26 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 23 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 23 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Jed's Boy

Common questions about reading Jed's Boy by Warren Lee Goss on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Jed's Boy?

Yes. All 3225 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #62956 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Jed's Boy is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #62956, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Jed's Boy take to read?

About 268 minutes of reading across 645 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Jed's Boy section by section

How to work through Jed's Boy section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

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  2. Read one section

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  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Jed's Boy

Words and structures a reader meets early in Jed's Boy, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Enclosed
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Jed's Boy; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Underscores
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Jed's Boy; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Italics
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Jed's Boy; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Equal
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Jed's Boy; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.