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'Jena' or 'Sedan'?
'Jena' or 'Sedan'?

Chapter XVIII

Chapter 18 of 'Jena' or 'Sedan'? is here in full — 144 sentences across 29 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for 'Jena' or 'Sedan'?
Context Illustration Reading 1/28 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
"Love of the fatherland, Love of the freeborn man,--" (_German National Anthem._) Franz Vogt had calculated that his release from prison would take place at the beginning of February.
He had hoped for a clear sunshiny day, a blue winter sky, a hard frost, and crackling snow beneath his feet.
Everything turned out according to his wish; yet when the heavy prison-gates opened, Vogt never noticed the beauty of the winter day.
He thought of Wolf, whom they had shot down in his attempt to escape.
He himself had helped to lift the dead man, whose skull had been shattered by the shot.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

'Jena' or 'Sedan'?

Chapter XVIII

Chapter 18 of 'Jena' or 'Sedan'? is here in full — 144 sentences across 29 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/28 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
"Love of the fatherland, Love of the freeborn man,--" (_German National Anthem._) Franz Vogt had calculated that his release from prison would take place at the beginning of February.
Line 2
He had hoped for a clear sunshiny day, a blue winter sky, a hard frost, and crackling snow beneath his feet.
Line 3
Everything turned out according to his wish; yet when the heavy prison-gates opened, Vogt never noticed the beauty of the winter day.
Line 4
He thought of Wolf, whom they had shot down in his attempt to escape.
/hiː θɔːt ʌv wʊlf huːm ðeɪ hæd ʃɑːt daʊn ɪn hɪz əˈtempt tuː ɪˈskeɪp/
Line 5
He himself had helped to lift the dead man, whose skull had been shattered by the shot.
/hiː hɪmˈself hæd helpt tuː lɪft ðə ded mæn huːz skʌl hæd bɪn ˈʃætərd baɪ ðə ʃɑːt/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

Anthem noun US /ˈænθəm/

a song of devotion or loyalty (as to a nation or school)

From this reading “"Love of the fatherland, Love of the freeborn man,--" (_German National Anthem._) Franz Vogt had calculated that his release from prison would take place at the beginning of February.”

calculated adjective US /ˈkælkjəleɪtɪd/

carefully thought out in advance

From this reading “"Love of the fatherland, Love of the freeborn man,--" (_German National Anthem._) Franz Vogt had calculated that his release from prison would take place at the beginning of February.”

crackling noun US /ˈkræklɪŋ/

the residue that remains after animal fat has been rendered

From this reading “He had hoped for a clear sunshiny day, a blue winter sky, a hard frost, and crackling snow beneath his feet.”

fatherland noun US /ˈfɑːðərlænd/

the country where you were born

From this reading “"Love of the fatherland, Love of the freeborn man,--" (_German National Anthem._) Franz Vogt had calculated that his release from prison would take place at the beginning of February.”

February noun US /ˈfebjəweri/

the month following January and preceding March

From this reading “"Love of the fatherland, Love of the freeborn man,--" (_German National Anthem._) Franz Vogt had calculated that his release from prison would take place at the beginning of February.”

freeborn adjective US /ˈfriːbərn/

born free of free parents

From this reading “"Love of the fatherland, Love of the freeborn man,--" (_German National Anthem._) Franz Vogt had calculated that his release from prison would take place at the beginning of February.”

shattered adjective US /ˈʃætərd/

ruined or disrupted

From this reading “He himself had helped to lift the dead man, whose skull had been shattered by the shot.”

skull noun US /skʌl/

the bony skeleton of the head of vertebrates

From this reading “He himself had helped to lift the dead man, whose skull had been shattered by the shot.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

National Anthem adjective + noun

a song formally adopted as the anthem for a nation

In this reading “"Love of the fatherland, Love of the freeborn man,--" (_German National Anthem._) Franz Vogt had calculated that his release from prison would take place at the beginning of February.”

hard frost adjective + noun

In this reading “He had hoped for a clear sunshiny day, a blue winter sky, a hard frost, and crackling snow beneath his feet.”

release from verb + particle

In this reading “"Love of the fatherland, Love of the freeborn man,--" (_German National Anthem._) Franz Vogt had calculated that his release from prison would take place at the beginning of February.”

take place verb + noun

come to pass

In this reading “"Love of the fatherland, Love of the freeborn man,--" (_German National Anthem._) Franz Vogt had calculated that his release from prison would take place at the beginning of February.”

dead man adjective + noun

In this reading “He himself had helped to lift the dead man, whose skull had been shattered by the shot.”

never noticed adverb + adjective

In this reading “Everything turned out according to his wish; yet when the heavy prison-gates opened, Vogt never noticed the beauty of the winter day.”

at the beginning preposition + article + noun counted as “at … beginning”

In this reading “"Love of the fatherland, Love of the freeborn man,--" (_German National Anthem._) Franz Vogt had calculated that his release from prison would take place at the beginning of February.”

All words in this reading · 73

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading He had hoped for a clear sunshiny day, a blue winter sky, a hard frost, and crackling snow beneath his feet.

accordingadjectiveUS /əˈkɔːrdɪŋ/

(followed by “to”) in agreement with or accordant with

From this reading Everything turned out according to his wish; yet when the heavy prison-gates opened, Vogt never noticed the beauty of the winter day.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading He had hoped for a clear sunshiny day, a blue winter sky, a hard frost, and crackling snow beneath his feet.

AnthemnounUS /ˈænθəm/

a song of devotion or loyalty (as to a nation or school)

From this reading "Love of the fatherland, Love of the freeborn man,--" (_German National Anthem._) Franz Vogt had calculated that his release from prison would take place at the beginning of February.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading "Love of the fatherland, Love of the freeborn man,--" (_German National Anthem._) Franz Vogt had calculated that his release from prison would take place at the beginning of February.

attemptnounUS /əˈtempt/

earnest and conscientious activity intended to do or accomplish something

From this reading He thought of Wolf, whom they had shot down in his attempt to escape.

beautynounUS /ˈbjuːti/

the qualities that give pleasure to the senses

From this reading Everything turned out according to his wish; yet when the heavy prison-gates opened, Vogt never noticed the beauty of the winter day.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading He himself had helped to lift the dead man, whose skull had been shattered by the shot.

beginningnounUS /bɪˈɡɪnɪŋ/

the event consisting of the start of something

From this reading "Love of the fatherland, Love of the freeborn man,--" (_German National Anthem._) Franz Vogt had calculated that his release from prison would take place at the beginning of February.

beneathprepositionUS /bɪˈniːθ/

Directly under; in or to a lower position than.

From this reading He had hoped for a clear sunshiny day, a blue winter sky, a hard frost, and crackling snow beneath his feet.

blueadjectiveUS /bluː/

of the color intermediate between green and violet; having a color similar to that of a clear unclouded sky

From this reading He had hoped for a clear sunshiny day, a blue winter sky, a hard frost, and crackling snow beneath his feet.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading He himself had helped to lift the dead man, whose skull had been shattered by the shot.

calculatedadjectiveUS /ˈkælkjəleɪtɪd/

carefully thought out in advance

From this reading "Love of the fatherland, Love of the freeborn man,--" (_German National Anthem._) Franz Vogt had calculated that his release from prison would take place at the beginning of February.

clearverbUS /klɪr/

rid of obstructions

From this reading He had hoped for a clear sunshiny day, a blue winter sky, a hard frost, and crackling snow beneath his feet.

cracklingnounUS /ˈkræklɪŋ/

the residue that remains after animal fat has been rendered

From this reading He had hoped for a clear sunshiny day, a blue winter sky, a hard frost, and crackling snow beneath his feet.

daynounUS /deɪ/

time for Earth to make a complete rotation on its axis

From this reading He had hoped for a clear sunshiny day, a blue winter sky, a hard frost, and crackling snow beneath his feet.

deadadjectiveUS /ded/

no longer having or seeming to have or expecting to have life

From this reading He himself had helped to lift the dead man, whose skull had been shattered by the shot.

downadjectiveUS /daʊn/

being or moving lower in position or less in some value

From this reading He thought of Wolf, whom they had shot down in his attempt to escape.

escapenounUS /ɪˈskeɪp/

the act of escaping physically

From this reading He thought of Wolf, whom they had shot down in his attempt to escape.

EverythingpronounUS /ˈevriθɪŋ/

all things; all of a situation

From this reading Everything turned out according to his wish; yet when the heavy prison-gates opened, Vogt never noticed the beauty of the winter day.

fatherlandnounUS /ˈfɑːðərlænd/

the country where you were born

From this reading "Love of the fatherland, Love of the freeborn man,--" (_German National Anthem._) Franz Vogt had calculated that his release from prison would take place at the beginning of February.

FebruarynounUS /ˈfebjəweri/

the month following January and preceding March

From this reading "Love of the fatherland, Love of the freeborn man,--" (_German National Anthem._) Franz Vogt had calculated that his release from prison would take place at the beginning of February.

feetnounUS /fiːt/

plural of “foot” — the part of the leg of a human being below the ankle joint

From this reading He had hoped for a clear sunshiny day, a blue winter sky, a hard frost, and crackling snow beneath his feet.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading He had hoped for a clear sunshiny day, a blue winter sky, a hard frost, and crackling snow beneath his feet.

Franz

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "Love of the fatherland, Love of the freeborn man,--" (_German National Anthem._) Franz Vogt had calculated that his release from prison would take place at the beginning of February.

freebornadjectiveUS /ˈfriːbərn/

born free of free parents

From this reading "Love of the fatherland, Love of the freeborn man,--" (_German National Anthem._) Franz Vogt had calculated that his release from prison would take place at the beginning of February.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading "Love of the fatherland, Love of the freeborn man,--" (_German National Anthem._) Franz Vogt had calculated that his release from prison would take place at the beginning of February.

frostnounUS /frɔːst/

ice crystals forming a white deposit (especially on objects outside)

From this reading He had hoped for a clear sunshiny day, a blue winter sky, a hard frost, and crackling snow beneath his feet.

GermannounUS /ˈdʒɜːrmən/

a person of German nationality

From this reading "Love of the fatherland, Love of the freeborn man,--" (_German National Anthem._) Franz Vogt had calculated that his release from prison would take place at the beginning of February.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading "Love of the fatherland, Love of the freeborn man,--" (_German National Anthem._) Franz Vogt had calculated that his release from prison would take place at the beginning of February.

hardadjectiveUS /hɑːrd/

not easy; requiring great physical or mental effort to accomplish or comprehend or endure

From this reading He had hoped for a clear sunshiny day, a blue winter sky, a hard frost, and crackling snow beneath his feet.

HepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading He had hoped for a clear sunshiny day, a blue winter sky, a hard frost, and crackling snow beneath his feet.

heavyadjectiveUS /ˈhevi/

of comparatively great physical weight or density

From this reading Everything turned out according to his wish; yet when the heavy prison-gates opened, Vogt never noticed the beauty of the winter day.

helpedverbUS /helpt/

past form of “help” — give help or assistance; be of service

From this reading He himself had helped to lift the dead man, whose skull had been shattered by the shot.

himselfpronounUS /hɪmˈself/

used when the man or boy doing the action is also its object

From this reading He himself had helped to lift the dead man, whose skull had been shattered by the shot.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading "Love of the fatherland, Love of the freeborn man,--" (_German National Anthem._) Franz Vogt had calculated that his release from prison would take place at the beginning of February.

hopedverbUS /hoʊpt/

past form of “hope” — expect and wish

From this reading He had hoped for a clear sunshiny day, a blue winter sky, a hard frost, and crackling snow beneath his feet.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading He thought of Wolf, whom they had shot down in his attempt to escape.

liftverbUS /lɪft/

raise from a lower to a higher position

From this reading He himself had helped to lift the dead man, whose skull had been shattered by the shot.

LovenounUS /lʌv/

a strong positive emotion of regard and affection

From this reading "Love of the fatherland, Love of the freeborn man,--" (_German National Anthem._) Franz Vogt had calculated that his release from prison would take place at the beginning of February.

mannounUS /mæn/

an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)

From this reading "Love of the fatherland, Love of the freeborn man,--" (_German National Anthem._) Franz Vogt had calculated that his release from prison would take place at the beginning of February.

NationaladjectiveUS /ˈnæʃənəl/

of or relating to or belonging to a nation or country

From this reading "Love of the fatherland, Love of the freeborn man,--" (_German National Anthem._) Franz Vogt had calculated that his release from prison would take place at the beginning of February.

neveradverbUS /ˈnevər/

not ever; at no time in the past or future

From this reading Everything turned out according to his wish; yet when the heavy prison-gates opened, Vogt never noticed the beauty of the winter day.

noticedadjectiveUS /ˈnoʊtəst/

being perceived or observed

From this reading Everything turned out according to his wish; yet when the heavy prison-gates opened, Vogt never noticed the beauty of the winter day.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading "Love of the fatherland, Love of the freeborn man,--" (_German National Anthem._) Franz Vogt had calculated that his release from prison would take place at the beginning of February.

openedadjectiveUS /ˈoʊpənd/

used of mouth or eyes

From this reading Everything turned out according to his wish; yet when the heavy prison-gates opened, Vogt never noticed the beauty of the winter day.

outadjectiveUS /aʊt/

not allowed to continue to bat or run

From this reading Everything turned out according to his wish; yet when the heavy prison-gates opened, Vogt never noticed the beauty of the winter day.

placenounUS /pleɪs/

a point located with respect to surface features of some region

From this reading "Love of the fatherland, Love of the freeborn man,--" (_German National Anthem._) Franz Vogt had calculated that his release from prison would take place at the beginning of February.

prisonnounUS /ˈprɪzən/

a correctional institution where persons are confined while on trial or for punishment

From this reading "Love of the fatherland, Love of the freeborn man,--" (_German National Anthem._) Franz Vogt had calculated that his release from prison would take place at the beginning of February.

prison-gates

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Everything turned out according to his wish; yet when the heavy prison-gates opened, Vogt never noticed the beauty of the winter day.

releaseverbUS /riˈliːs/

release, as from one's grip

From this reading "Love of the fatherland, Love of the freeborn man,--" (_German National Anthem._) Franz Vogt had calculated that his release from prison would take place at the beginning of February.

shatteredadjectiveUS /ˈʃætərd/

ruined or disrupted

From this reading He himself had helped to lift the dead man, whose skull had been shattered by the shot.

shotnounUS /ʃɑːt/

the act of firing a projectile

From this reading He thought of Wolf, whom they had shot down in his attempt to escape.

skullnounUS /skʌl/

the bony skeleton of the head of vertebrates

From this reading He himself had helped to lift the dead man, whose skull had been shattered by the shot.

skynounUS /skaɪ/

the atmosphere and outer space as viewed from the earth

From this reading He had hoped for a clear sunshiny day, a blue winter sky, a hard frost, and crackling snow beneath his feet.

snownounUS /snoʊ/

precipitation falling from clouds in the form of ice crystals

From this reading He had hoped for a clear sunshiny day, a blue winter sky, a hard frost, and crackling snow beneath his feet.

sunshiny

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He had hoped for a clear sunshiny day, a blue winter sky, a hard frost, and crackling snow beneath his feet.

takeverbUS /teɪk/

carry out

From this reading "Love of the fatherland, Love of the freeborn man,--" (_German National Anthem._) Franz Vogt had calculated that his release from prison would take place at the beginning of February.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading "Love of the fatherland, Love of the freeborn man,--" (_German National Anthem._) Franz Vogt had calculated that his release from prison would take place at the beginning of February.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading "Love of the fatherland, Love of the freeborn man,--" (_German National Anthem._) Franz Vogt had calculated that his release from prison would take place at the beginning of February.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading He thought of Wolf, whom they had shot down in his attempt to escape.

thoughtnounUS /θɔːt/

the content of cognition; the main thing you are thinking about

From this reading He thought of Wolf, whom they had shot down in his attempt to escape.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Everything turned out according to his wish; yet when the heavy prison-gates opened, Vogt never noticed the beauty of the winter day.

turnedadjectiveUS /tɜːrnd/

moved around an axis or center

From this reading Everything turned out according to his wish; yet when the heavy prison-gates opened, Vogt never noticed the beauty of the winter day.

Vogt

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "Love of the fatherland, Love of the freeborn man,--" (_German National Anthem._) Franz Vogt had calculated that his release from prison would take place at the beginning of February.

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading Everything turned out according to his wish; yet when the heavy prison-gates opened, Vogt never noticed the beauty of the winter day.

whompronounUS /huːm/

the form of “who” used as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading He thought of Wolf, whom they had shot down in his attempt to escape.

whosedeterminerUS /huːz/

belonging to which person

From this reading He himself had helped to lift the dead man, whose skull had been shattered by the shot.

winternounUS /ˈwɪntər/

the coldest season of the year; in the northern hemisphere it extends from the winter solstice to the vernal equinox

From this reading He had hoped for a clear sunshiny day, a blue winter sky, a hard frost, and crackling snow beneath his feet.

wishverbUS /wɪʃ/

hope for; have a wish

From this reading Everything turned out according to his wish; yet when the heavy prison-gates opened, Vogt never noticed the beauty of the winter day.

WolfnounUS /wʊlf/

any of various predatory carnivorous canine mammals of North America and Eurasia that usually hunt in packs

From this reading He thought of Wolf, whom they had shot down in his attempt to escape.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading "Love of the fatherland, Love of the freeborn man,--" (_German National Anthem._) Franz Vogt had calculated that his release from prison would take place at the beginning of February.

yetconjunctionUS /jet/

but in spite of that

From this reading Everything turned out according to his wish; yet when the heavy prison-gates opened, Vogt never noticed the beauty of the winter day.

Chapter 18 of 'Jena' or 'Sedan'? by Franz Adam Beyerlein holds 144 sentences, grouped into 29 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 18 of 'Jena' or 'Sedan'? contain?

Chapter 18 holds 144 sentences of 'Jena' or 'Sedan'?, unabridged, divided into 29 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 18 of 'Jena' or 'Sedan'? by Franz Adam Beyerlein exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 144 sentences, grouped into 29 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 18 of 'Jena' or 'Sedan'??

Work through the 29 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 29 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 18 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 18 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading 'Jena' or 'Sedan'?

Common questions about reading 'Jena' or 'Sedan'? by Franz Adam Beyerlein on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of 'Jena' or 'Sedan'??

Yes. All 7715 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #31099 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of 'Jena' or 'Sedan'? is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #31099, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

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About 600 minutes of reading across 1543 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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How to work through 'Jena' or 'Sedan'? section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

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  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in 'Jena' or 'Sedan'?

Words and structures a reader meets early in 'Jena' or 'Sedan'?, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Source
A word that appears in the opening chapter of 'Jena' or 'Sedan'?; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Archive
A word that appears in the opening chapter of 'Jena' or 'Sedan'?; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Jena'
A word that appears in the opening chapter of 'Jena' or 'Sedan'?; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Sedan'
A word that appears in the opening chapter of 'Jena' or 'Sedan'?; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.