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Jennie Gerhardt: A Novel
Jennie Gerhardt: A Novel

Chapter VII · Chapter 7

Chapter 7 of Jennie Gerhardt: A Novel is here in full — 193 sentences across 39 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Jennie Gerhardt: A Novel
Context Illustration Reading 1/38 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
The world into which Jennie was thus unduly thrust forth was that in which virtue has always vainly struggled since time immemorial; for virtue is the wishing well and the doing well unto others.
Virtue is that quality of generosity which offers itself willingly for another’s service, and, being this, it is held by society to be nearly worthless.
Sell yourself cheaply and you shall be used lightly and trampled under foot.
Hold yourself dearly, however unworthily, and you will be respected.
Society, in the mass, lacks woefully in the matter of discrimination.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Jennie Gerhardt: A Novel

Chapter VII · Chapter 7

Chapter 7 of Jennie Gerhardt: A Novel is here in full — 193 sentences across 39 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/38 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
The world into which Jennie was thus unduly thrust forth was that in which virtue has always vainly struggled since time immemorial; for virtue is the wishing well and the doing well unto others.
Line 2
Virtue is that quality of generosity which offers itself willingly for another’s service, and, being this, it is held by society to be nearly worthless.
Line 3
Sell yourself cheaply and you shall be used lightly and trampled under foot.
/sel jərˈself ˈtʃiːpli ənd juː ʃæl biː juːzd ˈlaɪtli ənd ˈtræmpəld ˈʌndər fʊt/
Line 4
Hold yourself dearly, however unworthily, and you will be respected.
Line 5
Society, in the mass, lacks woefully in the matter of discrimination.
/səˈsaɪəti ɪn ðə mæs læks ˈwoʊfəli ɪn ðə ˈmætər ʌv dɪˌskrɪməˈneɪʃən/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

cheaply adverb US /ˈtʃiːpli/

in a stingy manner

From this reading “Sell yourself cheaply and you shall be used lightly and trampled under foot.”

discrimination noun US /dɪˌskrɪməˈneɪʃən/

unfair treatment of a person or group on the basis of prejudice

From this reading “Society, in the mass, lacks woefully in the matter of discrimination.”

immemorial adjective US /ˌɪməˈmɔːriəl/

long past; beyond the limits of memory or tradition or recorded history

From this reading “The world into which Jennie was thus unduly thrust forth was that in which virtue has always vainly struggled since time immemorial; for virtue is the wishing well and the doing well unto others.”

lacks noun US /læks/

plural of “lack” — the state of needing something that is absent or unavailable

From this reading “Society, in the mass, lacks woefully in the matter of discrimination.”

trampled verb US /ˈtræmpəld/

past form of “trample” — tread or stomp heavily or roughly

From this reading “Sell yourself cheaply and you shall be used lightly and trampled under foot.”

unduly adverb US /ənˈduːli/

to an undue degree

From this reading “The world into which Jennie was thus unduly thrust forth was that in which virtue has always vainly struggled since time immemorial; for virtue is the wishing well and the doing well unto others.”

woefully adverb US /ˈwoʊfəli/

in an unfortunate or deplorable manner

From this reading “Society, in the mass, lacks woefully in the matter of discrimination.”

worthless adjective US /ˈwɜːrθləs/

lacking in usefulness or value

From this reading “Virtue is that quality of generosity which offers itself willingly for another’s service, and, being this, it is held by society to be nearly worthless.”

All words in this reading · 67

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

alwaysadverbUS /ˈɔːlweɪz/

at all times; all the time and on every occasion

From this reading The world into which Jennie was thus unduly thrust forth was that in which virtue has always vainly struggled since time immemorial; for virtue is the wishing well and the doing well unto others.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading The world into which Jennie was thus unduly thrust forth was that in which virtue has always vainly struggled since time immemorial; for virtue is the wishing well and the doing well unto others.

another's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Virtue is that quality of generosity which offers itself willingly for another’s service, and, being this, it is held by society to be nearly worthless.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading Virtue is that quality of generosity which offers itself willingly for another’s service, and, being this, it is held by society to be nearly worthless.

beingauxiliary verbUS /ˈbiːɪŋ/

the -ing form of “be”

From this reading Virtue is that quality of generosity which offers itself willingly for another’s service, and, being this, it is held by society to be nearly worthless.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading Virtue is that quality of generosity which offers itself willingly for another’s service, and, being this, it is held by society to be nearly worthless.

cheaplyadverbUS /ˈtʃiːpli/

in a stingy manner

From this reading Sell yourself cheaply and you shall be used lightly and trampled under foot.

dearlyadverbUS /ˈdɪrli/

in a sincere and heartfelt manner

From this reading Hold yourself dearly, however unworthily, and you will be respected.

discriminationnounUS /dɪˌskrɪməˈneɪʃən/

unfair treatment of a person or group on the basis of prejudice

From this reading Society, in the mass, lacks woefully in the matter of discrimination.

doingverbUS /ˈduːɪŋ/

-ing form of “do” — engage in

From this reading The world into which Jennie was thus unduly thrust forth was that in which virtue has always vainly struggled since time immemorial; for virtue is the wishing well and the doing well unto others.

footnounUS /fʊt/

the part of the leg of a human being below the ankle joint

From this reading Sell yourself cheaply and you shall be used lightly and trampled under foot.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading The world into which Jennie was thus unduly thrust forth was that in which virtue has always vainly struggled since time immemorial; for virtue is the wishing well and the doing well unto others.

forthadverbUS /fɔːrθ/

from a particular thing or place or position (“forth” is obsolete)

From this reading The world into which Jennie was thus unduly thrust forth was that in which virtue has always vainly struggled since time immemorial; for virtue is the wishing well and the doing well unto others.

generositynounUS /ˌdʒenərˈɑːsəti/

the trait of being willing to give your money or time

From this reading Virtue is that quality of generosity which offers itself willingly for another’s service, and, being this, it is held by society to be nearly worthless.

hasauxiliary verbUS /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The world into which Jennie was thus unduly thrust forth was that in which virtue has always vainly struggled since time immemorial; for virtue is the wishing well and the doing well unto others.

heldadjectiveUS /held/

occupied or in the control of; often used in combination

From this reading Virtue is that quality of generosity which offers itself willingly for another’s service, and, being this, it is held by society to be nearly worthless.

HoldverbUS /hoʊld/

cause to continue in a certain state, position, or activity; e.g., “keep clean”

From this reading Hold yourself dearly, however unworthily, and you will be respected.

howeveradverbUS /ˌhaʊˈevər/

used to add a contrasting statement

From this reading Hold yourself dearly, however unworthily, and you will be respected.

immemorialadjectiveUS /ˌɪməˈmɔːriəl/

long past; beyond the limits of memory or tradition or recorded history

From this reading The world into which Jennie was thus unduly thrust forth was that in which virtue has always vainly struggled since time immemorial; for virtue is the wishing well and the doing well unto others.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading The world into which Jennie was thus unduly thrust forth was that in which virtue has always vainly struggled since time immemorial; for virtue is the wishing well and the doing well unto others.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading The world into which Jennie was thus unduly thrust forth was that in which virtue has always vainly struggled since time immemorial; for virtue is the wishing well and the doing well unto others.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The world into which Jennie was thus unduly thrust forth was that in which virtue has always vainly struggled since time immemorial; for virtue is the wishing well and the doing well unto others.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading Virtue is that quality of generosity which offers itself willingly for another’s service, and, being this, it is held by society to be nearly worthless.

itselfpronounUS /ˌɪtˈself/

used when the thing doing the action is also its object

From this reading Virtue is that quality of generosity which offers itself willingly for another’s service, and, being this, it is held by society to be nearly worthless.

Jennie

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The world into which Jennie was thus unduly thrust forth was that in which virtue has always vainly struggled since time immemorial; for virtue is the wishing well and the doing well unto others.

lacksnounUS /læks/

plural of “lack” — the state of needing something that is absent or unavailable

From this reading Society, in the mass, lacks woefully in the matter of discrimination.

lightlyadverbUS /ˈlaɪtli/

without good reason

From this reading Sell yourself cheaply and you shall be used lightly and trampled under foot.

massnounUS /mæs/

the property of a body that causes it to have weight in a gravitational field

From this reading Society, in the mass, lacks woefully in the matter of discrimination.

matternounUS /ˈmætər/

a vaguely specified concern

From this reading Society, in the mass, lacks woefully in the matter of discrimination.

nearlyadverbUS /ˈnɪrli/

(of actions or states) slightly short of or not quite accomplished; all but

From this reading Virtue is that quality of generosity which offers itself willingly for another’s service, and, being this, it is held by society to be nearly worthless.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Virtue is that quality of generosity which offers itself willingly for another’s service, and, being this, it is held by society to be nearly worthless.

offersnounUS /ˈɔːfərz/

plural of “offer” — the verbal act of offering

From this reading Virtue is that quality of generosity which offers itself willingly for another’s service, and, being this, it is held by society to be nearly worthless.

others

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The world into which Jennie was thus unduly thrust forth was that in which virtue has always vainly struggled since time immemorial; for virtue is the wishing well and the doing well unto others.

qualitynounUS /ˈkwɑːləti/

an essential and distinguishing attribute of something or someone

From this reading Virtue is that quality of generosity which offers itself willingly for another’s service, and, being this, it is held by society to be nearly worthless.

respectedadjectiveUS /rɪˈspektɪd/

receiving deferential regard

From this reading Hold yourself dearly, however unworthily, and you will be respected.

SellverbUS /sel/

exchange or deliver for money or its equivalent

From this reading Sell yourself cheaply and you shall be used lightly and trampled under foot.

servicenounUS /ˈsɜːrvəs/

work done by one person or group that benefits another

From this reading Virtue is that quality of generosity which offers itself willingly for another’s service, and, being this, it is held by society to be nearly worthless.

shallmodal verbUS /ʃæl/

used with I and we for the future, or to offer and suggest

From this reading Sell yourself cheaply and you shall be used lightly and trampled under foot.

sinceprepositionUS /sɪns/

from a time in the past until now

From this reading The world into which Jennie was thus unduly thrust forth was that in which virtue has always vainly struggled since time immemorial; for virtue is the wishing well and the doing well unto others.

societynounUS /səˈsaɪəti/

an extended social group having a distinctive cultural and economic organization

From this reading Virtue is that quality of generosity which offers itself willingly for another’s service, and, being this, it is held by society to be nearly worthless.

struggledverbUS /ˈstrʌɡəld/

past form of “struggle” — make a strenuous or labored effort

From this reading The world into which Jennie was thus unduly thrust forth was that in which virtue has always vainly struggled since time immemorial; for virtue is the wishing well and the doing well unto others.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading The world into which Jennie was thus unduly thrust forth was that in which virtue has always vainly struggled since time immemorial; for virtue is the wishing well and the doing well unto others.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading The world into which Jennie was thus unduly thrust forth was that in which virtue has always vainly struggled since time immemorial; for virtue is the wishing well and the doing well unto others.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading Virtue is that quality of generosity which offers itself willingly for another’s service, and, being this, it is held by society to be nearly worthless.

thrustverbUS /θrʌst/

push forcefully

From this reading The world into which Jennie was thus unduly thrust forth was that in which virtue has always vainly struggled since time immemorial; for virtue is the wishing well and the doing well unto others.

thusadverbUS /ðʌs/

(used to introduce a logical conclusion) from that fact or reason or as a result

From this reading The world into which Jennie was thus unduly thrust forth was that in which virtue has always vainly struggled since time immemorial; for virtue is the wishing well and the doing well unto others.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading The world into which Jennie was thus unduly thrust forth was that in which virtue has always vainly struggled since time immemorial; for virtue is the wishing well and the doing well unto others.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Virtue is that quality of generosity which offers itself willingly for another’s service, and, being this, it is held by society to be nearly worthless.

trampledverbUS /ˈtræmpəld/

past form of “trample” — tread or stomp heavily or roughly

From this reading Sell yourself cheaply and you shall be used lightly and trampled under foot.

underprepositionUS /ˈʌndər/

below or beneath something; less than

From this reading Sell yourself cheaply and you shall be used lightly and trampled under foot.

undulyadverbUS /ənˈduːli/

to an undue degree

From this reading The world into which Jennie was thus unduly thrust forth was that in which virtue has always vainly struggled since time immemorial; for virtue is the wishing well and the doing well unto others.

untoprepositionUS /ˈʌntuː/

an old word for “to”

From this reading The world into which Jennie was thus unduly thrust forth was that in which virtue has always vainly struggled since time immemorial; for virtue is the wishing well and the doing well unto others.

unworthilyadverb

in an unworthy manner

From this reading Hold yourself dearly, however unworthily, and you will be respected.

usedadjectiveUS /juːzd/

employed in accomplishing something

From this reading Sell yourself cheaply and you shall be used lightly and trampled under foot.

vainlyadverbUS /ˈveɪnli/

to no avail

From this reading The world into which Jennie was thus unduly thrust forth was that in which virtue has always vainly struggled since time immemorial; for virtue is the wishing well and the doing well unto others.

virtuenounUS /ˈvɝː.tʃuː/

Moral excellence and goodness of character; the highest human attainment in Stoic philosophy.

From this reading The world into which Jennie was thus unduly thrust forth was that in which virtue has always vainly struggled since time immemorial; for virtue is the wishing well and the doing well unto others.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The world into which Jennie was thus unduly thrust forth was that in which virtue has always vainly struggled since time immemorial; for virtue is the wishing well and the doing well unto others.

welladverbUS /wel/

(often used as a combining form) in a good or proper or satisfactory manner or to a high standard (“good” is a nonstandard dialectal variant for “well”)

From this reading The world into which Jennie was thus unduly thrust forth was that in which virtue has always vainly struggled since time immemorial; for virtue is the wishing well and the doing well unto others.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading The world into which Jennie was thus unduly thrust forth was that in which virtue has always vainly struggled since time immemorial; for virtue is the wishing well and the doing well unto others.

willmodal verbUS /wɪl/

used to talk about the future, or about willingness

From this reading Hold yourself dearly, however unworthily, and you will be respected.

willinglyadverbUS /ˈwɪlɪŋli/

in a willing manner

From this reading Virtue is that quality of generosity which offers itself willingly for another’s service, and, being this, it is held by society to be nearly worthless.

wishingnounUS /ˈwɪʃɪŋ/

a specific feeling of desire

From this reading The world into which Jennie was thus unduly thrust forth was that in which virtue has always vainly struggled since time immemorial; for virtue is the wishing well and the doing well unto others.

woefullyadverbUS /ˈwoʊfəli/

in an unfortunate or deplorable manner

From this reading Society, in the mass, lacks woefully in the matter of discrimination.

worldnounUS /wɜːrld/

everything that exists anywhere

From this reading The world into which Jennie was thus unduly thrust forth was that in which virtue has always vainly struggled since time immemorial; for virtue is the wishing well and the doing well unto others.

worthlessadjectiveUS /ˈwɜːrθləs/

lacking in usefulness or value

From this reading Virtue is that quality of generosity which offers itself willingly for another’s service, and, being this, it is held by society to be nearly worthless.

youpronounUS /juː/

the person or people being spoken to

From this reading Sell yourself cheaply and you shall be used lightly and trampled under foot.

yourselfpronounUS /jərˈself/

used when the person spoken to is also the object of the action

From this reading Sell yourself cheaply and you shall be used lightly and trampled under foot.

Chapter 7 of Jennie Gerhardt: A Novel by Theodore Dreiser holds 193 sentences, grouped into 39 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 7 of Jennie Gerhardt: A Novel contain?

Chapter 7 holds 193 sentences of Jennie Gerhardt: A Novel, unabridged, divided into 39 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 7 of Jennie Gerhardt: A Novel by Theodore Dreiser exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 193 sentences, grouped into 39 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 7 of Jennie Gerhardt: A Novel?

Work through the 39 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 39 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 7 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 7 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Jennie Gerhardt: A Novel

Common questions about reading Jennie Gerhardt: A Novel by Theodore Dreiser on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Jennie Gerhardt: A Novel?

Yes. All 9467 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #28988 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Jennie Gerhardt: A Novel is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #28988, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Jennie Gerhardt: A Novel take to read?

About 600 minutes of reading across 1894 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Jennie Gerhardt: A Novel section by section

How to work through Jennie Gerhardt: A Novel section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 40 chapters of Jennie Gerhardt: A Novel to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Jennie Gerhardt: A Novel

Words and structures a reader meets early in Jennie Gerhardt: A Novel, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Author
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Jennie Gerhardt: A Novel; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Sister
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Jennie Gerhardt: A Novel; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Carrie
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Jennie Gerhardt: A Novel; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Morning
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Jennie Gerhardt: A Novel; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.