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Jim Long-Knife
Jim Long-Knife

Chapter IV · Winter with the Potawatomis

Chapter IV of Jim Long-Knife, “Winter with the Potawatomis,” is here in full — 227 sentences across 46 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Jim Long-Knife
Context Illustration Reading 1/45 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
The Potawatomis rode hard for several days against a biting northwest wind.
Finally they stopped on the banks of the _Au Sable_ River, in a wide valley protected by rolling hills.
It was an ideal camp site because the hills protected the Indians from bitter winter winds.
Several families had already arrived.
Wahbunou told Jim that these people were members of another clan in his tribe.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Jim Long-Knife

Chapter IV · Winter with the Potawatomis

Chapter IV of Jim Long-Knife, “Winter with the Potawatomis,” is here in full — 227 sentences across 46 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/45 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
The Potawatomis rode hard for several days against a biting northwest wind.
Line 2
Finally they stopped on the banks of the _Au Sable_ River, in a wide valley protected by rolling hills.
/ˈfaɪnəli ðeɪ stɑːpt ɑːn ðə bæŋks ʌv ðə oʊ ˈseɪbəl ˈrɪvər ɪn ə waɪd ˈvæli prəˈtektɪd baɪ ˈroʊlɪŋ hɪlz/
Line 3
It was an ideal camp site because the hills protected the Indians from bitter winter winds.
/ɪt wɑːz æn aɪˈdiːl kæmp saɪt bɪˈkɔːz ðə hɪlz prəˈtektɪd ðə ˈɪndiənz frʌm ˈbɪtər ˈwɪntər wɪndz/
Line 4
Several families had already arrived.
/ˈsevrəl ˈfæməliz hæd ɔːlˈredi ərˈaɪvd/
Line 5
Wahbunou told Jim that these people were members of another clan in his tribe.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

biting adjective US /ˈbaɪtɪŋ/

capable of wounding

From this reading “The Potawatomis rode hard for several days against a biting northwest wind.”

clan noun US /klæn/

group of people related by blood or marriage

From this reading “Wahbunou told Jim that these people were members of another clan in his tribe.”

ideal adjective US /aɪˈdiːl/

conforming to an ultimate standard of perfection or excellence; embodying an ideal

From this reading “It was an ideal camp site because the hills protected the Indians from bitter winter winds.”

northwest noun US /ˌnɔːrˈθwest/

the northwestern region of the United States

From this reading “The Potawatomis rode hard for several days against a biting northwest wind.”

protected adjective US /prəˈtektɪd/

kept safe or defended from danger or injury or loss

From this reading “Finally they stopped on the banks of the _Au Sable_ River, in a wide valley protected by rolling hills.”

Sable noun US /ˈseɪbəl/

an artist's brush made of sable hairs

site noun US /saɪt/

the piece of land on which something is located (or is to be located)

From this reading “It was an ideal camp site because the hills protected the Indians from bitter winter winds.”

tribe noun US /traɪb/

a social division of (usually preliterate) people

From this reading “Wahbunou told Jim that these people were members of another clan in his tribe.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

northwest wind noun + noun

a wind from the northwest

In this reading “The Potawatomis rode hard for several days against a biting northwest wind.”

several days adjective + noun

In this reading “The Potawatomis rode hard for several days against a biting northwest wind.”

rolling hills adjective + noun counted as “rolling hill”

In this reading “Finally they stopped on the banks of the _Au Sable_ River, in a wide valley protected by rolling hills.”

wide valley adjective + noun

In this reading “Finally they stopped on the banks of the _Au Sable_ River, in a wide valley protected by rolling hills.”

bitter winter adjective + noun

In this reading “It was an ideal camp site because the hills protected the Indians from bitter winter winds.”

on the banks preposition + article + noun counted as “on … banks”

In this reading “Finally they stopped on the banks of the _Au Sable_ River, in a wide valley protected by rolling hills.”

winter winds noun + noun counted as “winter wind”

In this reading “It was an ideal camp site because the hills protected the Indians from bitter winter winds.”

All words in this reading · 56

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading The Potawatomis rode hard for several days against a biting northwest wind.

againstprepositionUS /əˈɡenst/

touching and pressing; in opposition to

From this reading The Potawatomis rode hard for several days against a biting northwest wind.

alreadyadverbUS /ɔːlˈredi/

prior to a specified or implied time

From this reading Several families had already arrived.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading It was an ideal camp site because the hills protected the Indians from bitter winter winds.

anotherdeterminerUS /əˈnʌðər/

one more of the same kind, or a different one

From this reading Wahbunou told Jim that these people were members of another clan in his tribe.

arrivedverbUS /ərˈaɪvd/

past form of “arrive” — reach a destination; arrive by movement or progress

From this reading Several families had already arrived.

AunounUS /oʊ/

a soft yellow malleable ductile (trivalent and univalent) metallic element; occurs mainly as nuggets in rocks and alluvial deposits; does not react with most chemicals but is attacked by chlorine and aqua regia

From this reading Finally they stopped on the banks of the _Au Sable_ River, in a wide valley protected by rolling hills.

banksnounUS /bæŋks/

English botanist who accompanied Captain Cook on his first voyage to the Pacific Ocean (1743-1820)

From this reading Finally they stopped on the banks of the _Au Sable_ River, in a wide valley protected by rolling hills.

becauseconjunctionUS /bɪˈkɔːz/

for the reason that

From this reading It was an ideal camp site because the hills protected the Indians from bitter winter winds.

bitingadjectiveUS /ˈbaɪtɪŋ/

capable of wounding

From this reading The Potawatomis rode hard for several days against a biting northwest wind.

bitteradjectiveUS /ˈbɪtər/

marked by strong resentment or cynicism

From this reading It was an ideal camp site because the hills protected the Indians from bitter winter winds.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading Finally they stopped on the banks of the _Au Sable_ River, in a wide valley protected by rolling hills.

campnounUS /kæmp/

temporary living quarters specially built by the army for soldiers

From this reading It was an ideal camp site because the hills protected the Indians from bitter winter winds.

clannounUS /klæn/

group of people related by blood or marriage

From this reading Wahbunou told Jim that these people were members of another clan in his tribe.

daysnounUS /deɪz/

the time during which someone's life continues

From this reading The Potawatomis rode hard for several days against a biting northwest wind.

familiesnounUS /ˈfæməliz/

plural of “family” — a social unit living together

From this reading Several families had already arrived.

FinallyadverbUS /ˈfaɪnəli/

after an unspecified period of time or an especially long delay

From this reading Finally they stopped on the banks of the _Au Sable_ River, in a wide valley protected by rolling hills.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading The Potawatomis rode hard for several days against a biting northwest wind.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading It was an ideal camp site because the hills protected the Indians from bitter winter winds.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading Several families had already arrived.

hardadjectiveUS /hɑːrd/

not easy; requiring great physical or mental effort to accomplish or comprehend or endure

From this reading The Potawatomis rode hard for several days against a biting northwest wind.

hillsnounUS /hɪlz/

plural of “hill” — a local and well-defined elevation of the land

From this reading Finally they stopped on the banks of the _Au Sable_ River, in a wide valley protected by rolling hills.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading Wahbunou told Jim that these people were members of another clan in his tribe.

idealadjectiveUS /aɪˈdiːl/

conforming to an ultimate standard of perfection or excellence; embodying an ideal

From this reading It was an ideal camp site because the hills protected the Indians from bitter winter winds.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Finally they stopped on the banks of the _Au Sable_ River, in a wide valley protected by rolling hills.

IndiansnounUS /ˈɪndiənz/

plural of “indian” — a native or inhabitant of India

From this reading It was an ideal camp site because the hills protected the Indians from bitter winter winds.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading It was an ideal camp site because the hills protected the Indians from bitter winter winds.

Jim

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Wahbunou told Jim that these people were members of another clan in his tribe.

membersnounUS /ˈmembərz/

plural of “member” — one of the persons who compose a social group (especially individuals who have joined and participate in a group organization)

From this reading Wahbunou told Jim that these people were members of another clan in his tribe.

northwestnounUS /ˌnɔːrˈθwest/

the northwestern region of the United States

From this reading The Potawatomis rode hard for several days against a biting northwest wind.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Finally they stopped on the banks of the _Au Sable_ River, in a wide valley protected by rolling hills.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading Finally they stopped on the banks of the _Au Sable_ River, in a wide valley protected by rolling hills.

peoplenounUS /ˈpiːpəl/

(plural) any group of human beings (men or women or children) collectively

From this reading Wahbunou told Jim that these people were members of another clan in his tribe.

Potawatomis

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Potawatomis rode hard for several days against a biting northwest wind.

protectedadjectiveUS /prəˈtektɪd/

kept safe or defended from danger or injury or loss

From this reading Finally they stopped on the banks of the _Au Sable_ River, in a wide valley protected by rolling hills.

RivernounUS /ˈrɪvər/

a large natural stream of water (larger than a creek)

From this reading Finally they stopped on the banks of the _Au Sable_ River, in a wide valley protected by rolling hills.

rodeverbUS /roʊd/

inflected form of “ride” — sit and travel on the back of animal, usually while controlling its motions

From this reading The Potawatomis rode hard for several days against a biting northwest wind.

rollingadjectiveUS /ˈroʊlɪŋ/

uttered with a trill

From this reading Finally they stopped on the banks of the _Au Sable_ River, in a wide valley protected by rolling hills.

SablenounUS /ˈseɪbəl/

an artist's brush made of sable hairs

From this reading Finally they stopped on the banks of the _Au Sable_ River, in a wide valley protected by rolling hills.

severaladjectiveUS /ˈsevrəl/

(used with count nouns) of an indefinite number more than 2 or 3 but not many

From this reading The Potawatomis rode hard for several days against a biting northwest wind.

sitenounUS /saɪt/

the piece of land on which something is located (or is to be located)

From this reading It was an ideal camp site because the hills protected the Indians from bitter winter winds.

stoppedadjectiveUS /stɑːpt/

(of a nose) blocked

From this reading Finally they stopped on the banks of the _Au Sable_ River, in a wide valley protected by rolling hills.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading Wahbunou told Jim that these people were members of another clan in his tribe.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading The Potawatomis rode hard for several days against a biting northwest wind.

thesedeterminerUS /ðiːz/

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading Wahbunou told Jim that these people were members of another clan in his tribe.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Finally they stopped on the banks of the _Au Sable_ River, in a wide valley protected by rolling hills.

toldverbUS /toʊld/

inflected form of “tell” — express in words

From this reading Wahbunou told Jim that these people were members of another clan in his tribe.

tribenounUS /traɪb/

a social division of (usually preliterate) people

From this reading Wahbunou told Jim that these people were members of another clan in his tribe.

valleynounUS /ˈvæli/

a long depression in the surface of the land that usually contains a river

From this reading Finally they stopped on the banks of the _Au Sable_ River, in a wide valley protected by rolling hills.

Wahbunou

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Wahbunou told Jim that these people were members of another clan in his tribe.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading It was an ideal camp site because the hills protected the Indians from bitter winter winds.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Wahbunou told Jim that these people were members of another clan in his tribe.

wideadjectiveUS /waɪd/

having great (or a certain) extent from one side to the other

From this reading Finally they stopped on the banks of the _Au Sable_ River, in a wide valley protected by rolling hills.

windnounUS /waɪnd/

air moving (sometimes with considerable force) from an area of high pressure to an area of low pressure

From this reading The Potawatomis rode hard for several days against a biting northwest wind.

windsnounUS /wɪndz/

plural of “wind” — air moving (sometimes with considerable force) from an area of high pressure to an area of low pressure

From this reading It was an ideal camp site because the hills protected the Indians from bitter winter winds.

winternounUS /ˈwɪntər/

the coldest season of the year; in the northern hemisphere it extends from the winter solstice to the vernal equinox

From this reading It was an ideal camp site because the hills protected the Indians from bitter winter winds.

Chapter 4 of Jim Long-Knife by Florance Walton Taylor holds 227 sentences, grouped into 46 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 4 of Jim Long-Knife contain?

Chapter 4 holds 227 sentences of Jim Long-Knife, unabridged, divided into 46 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 4 of Jim Long-Knife by Florance Walton Taylor exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 227 sentences, grouped into 46 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 4 of Jim Long-Knife?

Work through the 46 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 46 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 4 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 4 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Jim Long-Knife

Common questions about reading Jim Long-Knife by Florance Walton Taylor on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Jim Long-Knife?

Yes. All 2325 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #65942 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Jim Long-Knife is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #65942, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Jim Long-Knife take to read?

About 193 minutes of reading across 465 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Jim Long-Knife section by section

How to work through Jim Long-Knife section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

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  3. Listen and tap

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Vocabulary met early in Jim Long-Knife

Words and structures a reader meets early in Jim Long-Knife, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Permission
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Jim Long-Knife; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Gratefully
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Jim Long-Knife; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Acknowledged
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Jim Long-Knife; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Material
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Jim Long-Knife; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.