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John Bull's Womankind (Les Filles de John Bull)
John Bull's Womankind (Les Filles de John Bull)

Chapter IV

Chapter 4 of John Bull's Womankind (Les Filles de John Bull) is here in full — 417 sentences across 84 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for John Bull's Womankind (Les Filles de John Bull)
Context Illustration Reading 1/83 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
* * * * * Upper servants ask from £30 to £50 a year.
In an ordinary middle-class house, where you have to be content with the general servant, that is to say the maid-of-all-work, who does none properly, and that you pay from £15 to £20 a year, the ladies of the house have to make the beds and cook the dinner.
Her acquaintance with culinary art seems to be confined to the boiling of potatoes, and she appears to pass the greater part of her time in scrubbing the kitchen floor and cleaning the steps in front of the house.
This latter operation is performed, kneeling, by means of a stone _ad hoc_, and damp cloths that are dipped in a pail of water and wrung out with the hands.
Why this hard work is not done with a broom, which would save half the labour, and all the lumbago and diseases of the knees that are the consequences of it, I cannot imagine.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

John Bull's Womankind (Les Filles de John Bull)

Chapter IV

Chapter 4 of John Bull's Womankind (Les Filles de John Bull) is here in full — 417 sentences across 84 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/83 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
* * * * * Upper servants ask from £30 to £50 a year.
Line 2
In an ordinary middle-class house, where you have to be content with the general servant, that is to say the maid-of-all-work, who does none properly, and that you pay from £15 to £20 a year, the ladies of the house have to make the beds and cook the dinner.
Line 3
Her acquaintance with culinary art seems to be confined to the boiling of potatoes, and she appears to pass the greater part of her time in scrubbing the kitchen floor and cleaning the steps in front of the house.
/hɜːr əˈkweɪntəns wɪð ˈkjuːlɪneri ɑːrt siːmz tuː biː kənˈfaɪnd tuː ðə ˈbɔɪlɪŋ ʌv pəˈteɪtoʊz ənd ʃiː əˈpɪrz tuː pæs ðə ˈɡreɪtər pɑːrt ʌv hɜːr taɪm ɪn ˈskrʌbɪŋ ðə ˈkɪtʃən flɔːr ənd ˈkliːnɪŋ ðə steps ɪn frʌnt ʌv ðə haʊs/
Line 4
This latter operation is performed, kneeling, by means of a stone _ad hoc_, and damp cloths that are dipped in a pail of water and wrung out with the hands.
Line 5
Why this hard work is not done with a broom, which would save half the labour, and all the lumbago and diseases of the knees that are the consequences of it, I cannot imagine.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

broom noun US /bruːm/

a cleaning implement for sweeping; bundle of straws or twigs attached to a long handle

From this reading “Why this hard work is not done with a broom, which would save half the labour, and all the lumbago and diseases of the knees that are the consequences of it, I cannot imagine.”

cleaning noun US /ˈkliːnɪŋ/

the act of making something clean

From this reading “Her acquaintance with culinary art seems to be confined to the boiling of potatoes, and she appears to pass the greater part of her time in scrubbing the kitchen floor and cleaning the steps in front of the house.”

cloths noun US /klɔːθs/

plural of “cloth” — artifact made by weaving or felting or knitting or crocheting natural or synthetic fibers

From this reading “This latter operation is performed, kneeling, by means of a stone _ad hoc_, and damp cloths that are dipped in a pail of water and wrung out with the hands.”

culinary adjective US /ˈkjuːlɪneri/

of or relating to or used in cooking

From this reading “Her acquaintance with culinary art seems to be confined to the boiling of potatoes, and she appears to pass the greater part of her time in scrubbing the kitchen floor and cleaning the steps in front of the house.”

diseases noun US /dɪˈziːzəz/

plural of “disease” — an impairment of health or a condition of abnormal functioning

From this reading “Why this hard work is not done with a broom, which would save half the labour, and all the lumbago and diseases of the knees that are the consequences of it, I cannot imagine.”

lumbago noun US /ləmˈbeɪɡoʊ/

backache affecting the lumbar region or lower back; can be caused by muscle strain or arthritis or vascular insufficiency or a ruptured intervertebral disc

From this reading “Why this hard work is not done with a broom, which would save half the labour, and all the lumbago and diseases of the knees that are the consequences of it, I cannot imagine.”

middle-class adjective US /ˈmɪdəlˈklæs/

occupying a socioeconomic position intermediate between those of the lower classes and the wealthy

From this reading “In an ordinary middle-class house, where you have to be content with the general servant, that is to say the maid-of-all-work, who does none properly, and that you pay from £15 to £20 a year, the ladies of the house have to make the beds and cook the dinner.”

scrubbing noun US /ˈskrʌbɪŋ/

the act of cleaning a surface by rubbing it with a brush and soap and water

From this reading “Her acquaintance with culinary art seems to be confined to the boiling of potatoes, and she appears to pass the greater part of her time in scrubbing the kitchen floor and cleaning the steps in front of the house.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

greater part adjective + noun

In this reading “Her acquaintance with culinary art seems to be confined to the boiling of potatoes, and she appears to pass the greater part of her time in scrubbing the kitchen floor and cleaning the steps in front of the house.”

kitchen floor noun + noun

In this reading “Her acquaintance with culinary art seems to be confined to the boiling of potatoes, and she appears to pass the greater part of her time in scrubbing the kitchen floor and cleaning the steps in front of the house.”

Upper servants adjective + noun counted as “upper servant”

In this reading “* * * * * Upper servants ask from £30 to £50 a year.”

in front preposition + noun

at or in the front

In this reading “Her acquaintance with culinary art seems to be confined to the boiling of potatoes, and she appears to pass the greater part of her time in scrubbing the kitchen floor and cleaning the steps in front of the house.”

cook the dinner verb + article + noun counted as “cook … dinner”

In this reading “In an ordinary middle-class house, where you have to be content with the general servant, that is to say the maid-of-all-work, who does none properly, and that you pay from £15 to £20 a year, the ladies of the house have to make the beds and cook the dinner.”

by means preposition + noun

In this reading “This latter operation is performed, kneeling, by means of a stone _ad hoc_, and damp cloths that are dipped in a pail of water and wrung out with the hands.”

All words in this reading · 100

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

15

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In an ordinary middle-class house, where you have to be content with the general servant, that is to say the maid-of-all-work, who does none properly, and that you pay from £15 to £20 a year, the ladies of the house have to make the beds and cook the dinner.

20

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In an ordinary middle-class house, where you have to be content with the general servant, that is to say the maid-of-all-work, who does none properly, and that you pay from £15 to £20 a year, the ladies of the house have to make the beds and cook the dinner.

30

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading * * * * * Upper servants ask from £30 to £50 a year.

50

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading * * * * * Upper servants ask from £30 to £50 a year.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading * * * * * Upper servants ask from £30 to £50 a year.

acquaintancenounUS /əˈkweɪntəns/

personal knowledge or information about someone or something

From this reading Her acquaintance with culinary art seems to be confined to the boiling of potatoes, and she appears to pass the greater part of her time in scrubbing the kitchen floor and cleaning the steps in front of the house.

adnounUS /æd/

a public promotion of some product or service

From this reading This latter operation is performed, kneeling, by means of a stone _ad hoc_, and damp cloths that are dipped in a pail of water and wrung out with the hands.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading Why this hard work is not done with a broom, which would save half the labour, and all the lumbago and diseases of the knees that are the consequences of it, I cannot imagine.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading In an ordinary middle-class house, where you have to be content with the general servant, that is to say the maid-of-all-work, who does none properly, and that you pay from £15 to £20 a year, the ladies of the house have to make the beds and cook the dinner.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading In an ordinary middle-class house, where you have to be content with the general servant, that is to say the maid-of-all-work, who does none properly, and that you pay from £15 to £20 a year, the ladies of the house have to make the beds and cook the dinner.

appearsverbUS /əˈpɪrz/

third-person singular of “appear” — give a certain impression or have a certain outward aspect

From this reading Her acquaintance with culinary art seems to be confined to the boiling of potatoes, and she appears to pass the greater part of her time in scrubbing the kitchen floor and cleaning the steps in front of the house.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading This latter operation is performed, kneeling, by means of a stone _ad hoc_, and damp cloths that are dipped in a pail of water and wrung out with the hands.

artauxiliary verbUS /ɑːrt/

an old form of “are”, used with “thou”

From this reading Her acquaintance with culinary art seems to be confined to the boiling of potatoes, and she appears to pass the greater part of her time in scrubbing the kitchen floor and cleaning the steps in front of the house.

askverbUS /æsk/

make a request or demand for something to somebody

From this reading * * * * * Upper servants ask from £30 to £50 a year.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading In an ordinary middle-class house, where you have to be content with the general servant, that is to say the maid-of-all-work, who does none properly, and that you pay from £15 to £20 a year, the ladies of the house have to make the beds and cook the dinner.

bedsnounUS /bedz/

plural of “bed” — a piece of furniture that provides a place to sleep

From this reading In an ordinary middle-class house, where you have to be content with the general servant, that is to say the maid-of-all-work, who does none properly, and that you pay from £15 to £20 a year, the ladies of the house have to make the beds and cook the dinner.

boilingnounUS /ˈbɔɪlɪŋ/

the application of heat to change something from a liquid to a gas

From this reading Her acquaintance with culinary art seems to be confined to the boiling of potatoes, and she appears to pass the greater part of her time in scrubbing the kitchen floor and cleaning the steps in front of the house.

broomnounUS /bruːm/

a cleaning implement for sweeping; bundle of straws or twigs attached to a long handle

From this reading Why this hard work is not done with a broom, which would save half the labour, and all the lumbago and diseases of the knees that are the consequences of it, I cannot imagine.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading This latter operation is performed, kneeling, by means of a stone _ad hoc_, and damp cloths that are dipped in a pail of water and wrung out with the hands.

cannot

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Why this hard work is not done with a broom, which would save half the labour, and all the lumbago and diseases of the knees that are the consequences of it, I cannot imagine.

cleaningnounUS /ˈkliːnɪŋ/

the act of making something clean

From this reading Her acquaintance with culinary art seems to be confined to the boiling of potatoes, and she appears to pass the greater part of her time in scrubbing the kitchen floor and cleaning the steps in front of the house.

clothsnounUS /klɔːθs/

plural of “cloth” — artifact made by weaving or felting or knitting or crocheting natural or synthetic fibers

From this reading This latter operation is performed, kneeling, by means of a stone _ad hoc_, and damp cloths that are dipped in a pail of water and wrung out with the hands.

confinedadjectiveUS /kənˈfaɪnd/

not invading healthy tissue

From this reading Her acquaintance with culinary art seems to be confined to the boiling of potatoes, and she appears to pass the greater part of her time in scrubbing the kitchen floor and cleaning the steps in front of the house.

consequencesnounUS /ˈkɑːnsəkwensəz/

plural of “consequence” — a phenomenon that follows and is caused by some previous phenomenon

From this reading Why this hard work is not done with a broom, which would save half the labour, and all the lumbago and diseases of the knees that are the consequences of it, I cannot imagine.

contentnounUS /ˈkɑːntent/

(usually plural) everything that is included in a collection and that is held or included in something

From this reading In an ordinary middle-class house, where you have to be content with the general servant, that is to say the maid-of-all-work, who does none properly, and that you pay from £15 to £20 a year, the ladies of the house have to make the beds and cook the dinner.

cookverbUS /kʊk/

prepare a hot meal

From this reading In an ordinary middle-class house, where you have to be content with the general servant, that is to say the maid-of-all-work, who does none properly, and that you pay from £15 to £20 a year, the ladies of the house have to make the beds and cook the dinner.

culinaryadjectiveUS /ˈkjuːlɪneri/

of or relating to or used in cooking

From this reading Her acquaintance with culinary art seems to be confined to the boiling of potatoes, and she appears to pass the greater part of her time in scrubbing the kitchen floor and cleaning the steps in front of the house.

dampadjectiveUS /dæmp/

slightly wet

From this reading This latter operation is performed, kneeling, by means of a stone _ad hoc_, and damp cloths that are dipped in a pail of water and wrung out with the hands.

dinnernounUS /ˈdɪnər/

the main meal of the day served in the evening or at midday

From this reading In an ordinary middle-class house, where you have to be content with the general servant, that is to say the maid-of-all-work, who does none properly, and that you pay from £15 to £20 a year, the ladies of the house have to make the beds and cook the dinner.

dippedadjectiveUS /dɪpt/

having abnormal sagging of the spine (especially in horses)

From this reading This latter operation is performed, kneeling, by means of a stone _ad hoc_, and damp cloths that are dipped in a pail of water and wrung out with the hands.

diseasesnounUS /dɪˈziːzəz/

plural of “disease” — an impairment of health or a condition of abnormal functioning

From this reading Why this hard work is not done with a broom, which would save half the labour, and all the lumbago and diseases of the knees that are the consequences of it, I cannot imagine.

doesauxiliary verbUS /dʌz/

the form of “do” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading In an ordinary middle-class house, where you have to be content with the general servant, that is to say the maid-of-all-work, who does none properly, and that you pay from £15 to £20 a year, the ladies of the house have to make the beds and cook the dinner.

doneadjectiveUS /dʌn/

having finished or arrived at completion

From this reading Why this hard work is not done with a broom, which would save half the labour, and all the lumbago and diseases of the knees that are the consequences of it, I cannot imagine.

floornounUS /flɔːr/

the inside lower horizontal surface (as of a room, hallway, tent, or other structure)

From this reading Her acquaintance with culinary art seems to be confined to the boiling of potatoes, and she appears to pass the greater part of her time in scrubbing the kitchen floor and cleaning the steps in front of the house.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading * * * * * Upper servants ask from £30 to £50 a year.

frontnounUS /frʌnt/

the side that is forward or prominent

From this reading Her acquaintance with culinary art seems to be confined to the boiling of potatoes, and she appears to pass the greater part of her time in scrubbing the kitchen floor and cleaning the steps in front of the house.

generaladjectiveUS /ˈdʒenərəl/

applying to all or most members of a category or group

From this reading In an ordinary middle-class house, where you have to be content with the general servant, that is to say the maid-of-all-work, who does none properly, and that you pay from £15 to £20 a year, the ladies of the house have to make the beds and cook the dinner.

greateradjectiveUS /ˈɡreɪtər/

greater in size or importance or degree

From this reading Her acquaintance with culinary art seems to be confined to the boiling of potatoes, and she appears to pass the greater part of her time in scrubbing the kitchen floor and cleaning the steps in front of the house.

halfadjectiveUS /hæf/

consisting of one of two equivalent parts in value or quantity

From this reading Why this hard work is not done with a broom, which would save half the labour, and all the lumbago and diseases of the knees that are the consequences of it, I cannot imagine.

handsnounUS /hændz/

(with “in”) guardianship over; in divorce cases it is the right to house and care for and discipline a child

From this reading This latter operation is performed, kneeling, by means of a stone _ad hoc_, and damp cloths that are dipped in a pail of water and wrung out with the hands.

hardadjectiveUS /hɑːrd/

not easy; requiring great physical or mental effort to accomplish or comprehend or endure

From this reading Why this hard work is not done with a broom, which would save half the labour, and all the lumbago and diseases of the knees that are the consequences of it, I cannot imagine.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading In an ordinary middle-class house, where you have to be content with the general servant, that is to say the maid-of-all-work, who does none properly, and that you pay from £15 to £20 a year, the ladies of the house have to make the beds and cook the dinner.

HerdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading Her acquaintance with culinary art seems to be confined to the boiling of potatoes, and she appears to pass the greater part of her time in scrubbing the kitchen floor and cleaning the steps in front of the house.

hoc

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading This latter operation is performed, kneeling, by means of a stone _ad hoc_, and damp cloths that are dipped in a pail of water and wrung out with the hands.

housenounUS /haʊs/

a dwelling that serves as living quarters for one or more families

From this reading In an ordinary middle-class house, where you have to be content with the general servant, that is to say the maid-of-all-work, who does none properly, and that you pay from £15 to £20 a year, the ladies of the house have to make the beds and cook the dinner.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading Why this hard work is not done with a broom, which would save half the labour, and all the lumbago and diseases of the knees that are the consequences of it, I cannot imagine.

imagineverbUS /ˌɪˈmædʒən/

form a mental image of something that is not present or that is not the case

From this reading Why this hard work is not done with a broom, which would save half the labour, and all the lumbago and diseases of the knees that are the consequences of it, I cannot imagine.

InprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading In an ordinary middle-class house, where you have to be content with the general servant, that is to say the maid-of-all-work, who does none properly, and that you pay from £15 to £20 a year, the ladies of the house have to make the beds and cook the dinner.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading In an ordinary middle-class house, where you have to be content with the general servant, that is to say the maid-of-all-work, who does none properly, and that you pay from £15 to £20 a year, the ladies of the house have to make the beds and cook the dinner.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading Why this hard work is not done with a broom, which would save half the labour, and all the lumbago and diseases of the knees that are the consequences of it, I cannot imagine.

kitchennounUS /ˈkɪtʃən/

a room equipped for preparing meals

From this reading Her acquaintance with culinary art seems to be confined to the boiling of potatoes, and she appears to pass the greater part of her time in scrubbing the kitchen floor and cleaning the steps in front of the house.

kneelingnounUS /ˈniːlɪŋ/

supporting yourself on your knees

From this reading This latter operation is performed, kneeling, by means of a stone _ad hoc_, and damp cloths that are dipped in a pail of water and wrung out with the hands.

kneesnounUS /niːz/

plural of “knee” — hinge joint in the human leg connecting the tibia and fibula with the femur and protected in front by the patella

From this reading Why this hard work is not done with a broom, which would save half the labour, and all the lumbago and diseases of the knees that are the consequences of it, I cannot imagine.

labournounUS /ˈleɪbər/

a social class comprising those who do manual labor or work for wages

From this reading Why this hard work is not done with a broom, which would save half the labour, and all the lumbago and diseases of the knees that are the consequences of it, I cannot imagine.

ladiesnounUS /ˈleɪdiz/

plural of “lady” — a polite name for any woman

From this reading In an ordinary middle-class house, where you have to be content with the general servant, that is to say the maid-of-all-work, who does none properly, and that you pay from £15 to £20 a year, the ladies of the house have to make the beds and cook the dinner.

latteradjectiveUS /ˈlætər/

referring to the second of two things or persons mentioned (or the last one or ones of several)

From this reading This latter operation is performed, kneeling, by means of a stone _ad hoc_, and damp cloths that are dipped in a pail of water and wrung out with the hands.

lumbagonounUS /ləmˈbeɪɡoʊ/

backache affecting the lumbar region or lower back; can be caused by muscle strain or arthritis or vascular insufficiency or a ruptured intervertebral disc

From this reading Why this hard work is not done with a broom, which would save half the labour, and all the lumbago and diseases of the knees that are the consequences of it, I cannot imagine.

maid-of-all-work

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In an ordinary middle-class house, where you have to be content with the general servant, that is to say the maid-of-all-work, who does none properly, and that you pay from £15 to £20 a year, the ladies of the house have to make the beds and cook the dinner.

makeverbUS /meɪk/

engage in

From this reading In an ordinary middle-class house, where you have to be content with the general servant, that is to say the maid-of-all-work, who does none properly, and that you pay from £15 to £20 a year, the ladies of the house have to make the beds and cook the dinner.

meansnounUS /miːnz/

thing or person that acts to produce a particular effect or achieve an end

From this reading This latter operation is performed, kneeling, by means of a stone _ad hoc_, and damp cloths that are dipped in a pail of water and wrung out with the hands.

middle-classadjectiveUS /ˈmɪdəlˈklæs/

occupying a socioeconomic position intermediate between those of the lower classes and the wealthy

From this reading In an ordinary middle-class house, where you have to be content with the general servant, that is to say the maid-of-all-work, who does none properly, and that you pay from £15 to £20 a year, the ladies of the house have to make the beds and cook the dinner.

nonepronounUS /nʌn/

not one, and not any

From this reading In an ordinary middle-class house, where you have to be content with the general servant, that is to say the maid-of-all-work, who does none properly, and that you pay from £15 to £20 a year, the ladies of the house have to make the beds and cook the dinner.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading Why this hard work is not done with a broom, which would save half the labour, and all the lumbago and diseases of the knees that are the consequences of it, I cannot imagine.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading In an ordinary middle-class house, where you have to be content with the general servant, that is to say the maid-of-all-work, who does none properly, and that you pay from £15 to £20 a year, the ladies of the house have to make the beds and cook the dinner.

operationnounUS /ˌɑːpərˈeɪʃən/

the state of being in effect or being operative

From this reading This latter operation is performed, kneeling, by means of a stone _ad hoc_, and damp cloths that are dipped in a pail of water and wrung out with the hands.

ordinarynounUS /ˈɔːrdəneri/

a judge of a probate court

From this reading In an ordinary middle-class house, where you have to be content with the general servant, that is to say the maid-of-all-work, who does none properly, and that you pay from £15 to £20 a year, the ladies of the house have to make the beds and cook the dinner.

outadjectiveUS /aʊt/

not allowed to continue to bat or run

From this reading This latter operation is performed, kneeling, by means of a stone _ad hoc_, and damp cloths that are dipped in a pail of water and wrung out with the hands.

pailnounUS /peɪl/

a roughly cylindrical vessel that is open at the top

From this reading This latter operation is performed, kneeling, by means of a stone _ad hoc_, and damp cloths that are dipped in a pail of water and wrung out with the hands.

partnounUS /pɑːrt/

something determined in relation to something that includes it

From this reading Her acquaintance with culinary art seems to be confined to the boiling of potatoes, and she appears to pass the greater part of her time in scrubbing the kitchen floor and cleaning the steps in front of the house.

passverbUS /pæs/

go across or through

From this reading Her acquaintance with culinary art seems to be confined to the boiling of potatoes, and she appears to pass the greater part of her time in scrubbing the kitchen floor and cleaning the steps in front of the house.

payverbUS /peɪ/

give money, usually in exchange for goods or services

From this reading In an ordinary middle-class house, where you have to be content with the general servant, that is to say the maid-of-all-work, who does none properly, and that you pay from £15 to £20 a year, the ladies of the house have to make the beds and cook the dinner.

performedverbUS /pərˈfɔːrmd/

past form of “perform” — carry out or perform an action

From this reading This latter operation is performed, kneeling, by means of a stone _ad hoc_, and damp cloths that are dipped in a pail of water and wrung out with the hands.

potatoesnounUS /pəˈteɪtoʊz/

plural of “potato” — an edible tuber native to South America; a staple food of Ireland

From this reading Her acquaintance with culinary art seems to be confined to the boiling of potatoes, and she appears to pass the greater part of her time in scrubbing the kitchen floor and cleaning the steps in front of the house.

properlyadverbUS /ˈprɑːpərli/

in the right manner; correctly; suitably

From this reading In an ordinary middle-class house, where you have to be content with the general servant, that is to say the maid-of-all-work, who does none properly, and that you pay from £15 to £20 a year, the ladies of the house have to make the beds and cook the dinner.

saveprepositionUS /seɪv/

except for; apart from

From this reading Why this hard work is not done with a broom, which would save half the labour, and all the lumbago and diseases of the knees that are the consequences of it, I cannot imagine.

sayverbUS /seɪ/

express in words

From this reading In an ordinary middle-class house, where you have to be content with the general servant, that is to say the maid-of-all-work, who does none properly, and that you pay from £15 to £20 a year, the ladies of the house have to make the beds and cook the dinner.

scrubbingnounUS /ˈskrʌbɪŋ/

the act of cleaning a surface by rubbing it with a brush and soap and water

From this reading Her acquaintance with culinary art seems to be confined to the boiling of potatoes, and she appears to pass the greater part of her time in scrubbing the kitchen floor and cleaning the steps in front of the house.

seemsverbUS /siːmz/

third-person singular of “seem” — give a certain impression or have a certain outward aspect

From this reading Her acquaintance with culinary art seems to be confined to the boiling of potatoes, and she appears to pass the greater part of her time in scrubbing the kitchen floor and cleaning the steps in front of the house.

servantnounUS /ˈsɜːrvənt/

a person working in the service of another (especially in the household)

From this reading In an ordinary middle-class house, where you have to be content with the general servant, that is to say the maid-of-all-work, who does none properly, and that you pay from £15 to £20 a year, the ladies of the house have to make the beds and cook the dinner.

servantsnounUS /ˈsɜːrvənts/

plural of “servant” — a person working in the service of another (especially in the household)

From this reading * * * * * Upper servants ask from £30 to £50 a year.

shepronounUS /ʃiː/

a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Her acquaintance with culinary art seems to be confined to the boiling of potatoes, and she appears to pass the greater part of her time in scrubbing the kitchen floor and cleaning the steps in front of the house.

stepsnounUS /steps/

a flight of stairs or a flight of steps

From this reading Her acquaintance with culinary art seems to be confined to the boiling of potatoes, and she appears to pass the greater part of her time in scrubbing the kitchen floor and cleaning the steps in front of the house.

stonenounUS /stoʊn/

a lump or mass of hard consolidated mineral matter

From this reading This latter operation is performed, kneeling, by means of a stone _ad hoc_, and damp cloths that are dipped in a pail of water and wrung out with the hands.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading In an ordinary middle-class house, where you have to be content with the general servant, that is to say the maid-of-all-work, who does none properly, and that you pay from £15 to £20 a year, the ladies of the house have to make the beds and cook the dinner.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading In an ordinary middle-class house, where you have to be content with the general servant, that is to say the maid-of-all-work, who does none properly, and that you pay from £15 to £20 a year, the ladies of the house have to make the beds and cook the dinner.

ThisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading This latter operation is performed, kneeling, by means of a stone _ad hoc_, and damp cloths that are dipped in a pail of water and wrung out with the hands.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading Her acquaintance with culinary art seems to be confined to the boiling of potatoes, and she appears to pass the greater part of her time in scrubbing the kitchen floor and cleaning the steps in front of the house.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading * * * * * Upper servants ask from £30 to £50 a year.

UpperadjectiveUS /ˈʌpər/

the topmost one of two

From this reading * * * * * Upper servants ask from £30 to £50 a year.

waternounUS /ˈwɔːtər/

binary compound that occurs at room temperature as a clear colorless odorless tasteless liquid; freezes into ice below 0 degrees centigrade and boils above 100 degrees centigrade; widely used as a solvent

From this reading This latter operation is performed, kneeling, by means of a stone _ad hoc_, and damp cloths that are dipped in a pail of water and wrung out with the hands.

whereconjunctionUS /wer/

in or at the place that

From this reading In an ordinary middle-class house, where you have to be content with the general servant, that is to say the maid-of-all-work, who does none properly, and that you pay from £15 to £20 a year, the ladies of the house have to make the beds and cook the dinner.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading Why this hard work is not done with a broom, which would save half the labour, and all the lumbago and diseases of the knees that are the consequences of it, I cannot imagine.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading In an ordinary middle-class house, where you have to be content with the general servant, that is to say the maid-of-all-work, who does none properly, and that you pay from £15 to £20 a year, the ladies of the house have to make the beds and cook the dinner.

WhynounUS /waɪ/

the cause or intention underlying an action or situation, especially in the phrase “the whys and wherefores”

From this reading Why this hard work is not done with a broom, which would save half the labour, and all the lumbago and diseases of the knees that are the consequences of it, I cannot imagine.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading In an ordinary middle-class house, where you have to be content with the general servant, that is to say the maid-of-all-work, who does none properly, and that you pay from £15 to £20 a year, the ladies of the house have to make the beds and cook the dinner.

workverbUS /wɜːrk/

exert oneself by doing mental or physical work for a purpose or out of necessity

From this reading Why this hard work is not done with a broom, which would save half the labour, and all the lumbago and diseases of the knees that are the consequences of it, I cannot imagine.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading Why this hard work is not done with a broom, which would save half the labour, and all the lumbago and diseases of the knees that are the consequences of it, I cannot imagine.

wrungverbUS /rʌŋ/

inflected form of “wring” — twist and press out of shape

From this reading This latter operation is performed, kneeling, by means of a stone _ad hoc_, and damp cloths that are dipped in a pail of water and wrung out with the hands.

yearnounUS /jɪr/

a period of time containing 365 (or 366) days

From this reading * * * * * Upper servants ask from £30 to £50 a year.

youpronounUS /juː/

the person or people being spoken to

From this reading In an ordinary middle-class house, where you have to be content with the general servant, that is to say the maid-of-all-work, who does none properly, and that you pay from £15 to £20 a year, the ladies of the house have to make the beds and cook the dinner.

Chapter 4 of John Bull's Womankind (Les Filles de John Bull) by Max O'Rell holds 417 sentences, grouped into 84 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 4 of John Bull's Womankind (Les Filles de John Bull) contain?

Chapter 4 holds 417 sentences of John Bull's Womankind (Les Filles de John Bull), unabridged, divided into 84 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 4 of John Bull's Womankind (Les Filles de John Bull) by Max O'Rell exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 417 sentences, grouped into 84 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 4 of John Bull's Womankind (Les Filles de John Bull)?

Work through the 84 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 84 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 4 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 4 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading John Bull's Womankind (Les Filles de John Bull)

Common questions about reading John Bull's Womankind (Les Filles de John Bull) by Max O'Rell on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of John Bull's Womankind (Les Filles de John Bull)?

Yes. All 2549 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #57512 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of John Bull's Womankind (Les Filles de John Bull) is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #57512, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does John Bull's Womankind (Les Filles de John Bull) take to read?

About 212 minutes of reading across 510 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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Vocabulary met early in John Bull's Womankind (Les Filles de John Bull)

Words and structures a reader meets early in John Bull's Womankind (Les Filles de John Bull), each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Italic
A word that appears in the opening chapter of John Bull's Womankind (Les Filles de John Bull); the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Indicated
A word that appears in the opening chapter of John Bull's Womankind (Les Filles de John Bull); the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Underscores
A word that appears in the opening chapter of John Bull's Womankind (Les Filles de John Bull); the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Equals
A word that appears in the opening chapter of John Bull's Womankind (Les Filles de John Bull); the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.