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John Burnet of Barns: A Romance
John Burnet of Barns: A Romance

Chapter XXXI

Chapter 31 of John Burnet of Barns: A Romance is here in full — 145 sentences across 29 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for John Burnet of Barns: A Romance
Context Illustration Reading 1/29 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
OF THE FIGHT IN THE MOSS OF BIGGAR When we came to the camping-place it was almost deserted.
The people had all gone to the fair, and nothing was to be seen save the baggage and the children.
The morning had grown wilder and a thin snow was falling, the earnest of a storm.
The mist was drawing closer and creeping over the boglands.
I minded an old saying of Tam Todd’s, "Rouk’s snaw’s wraith," and I looked for a wild storm with gladness, for it would keep the dragoon gentry at home and prohibit their ill-doing.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

John Burnet of Barns: A Romance

Chapter XXXI

Chapter 31 of John Burnet of Barns: A Romance is here in full — 145 sentences across 29 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/29 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
OF THE FIGHT IN THE MOSS OF BIGGAR When we came to the camping-place it was almost deserted.
Line 2
The people had all gone to the fair, and nothing was to be seen save the baggage and the children.
/ðə ˈpiːpəl hæd ɔːl ɡɔːn tuː ðə fer ənd ˈnʌθɪŋ wɑːz tuː biː siːn seɪv ðə ˈbæɡədʒ ənd ðə ˈtʃɪldrən/
Line 3
The morning had grown wilder and a thin snow was falling, the earnest of a storm.
/ðə ˈmɔːrnɪŋ hæd ɡroʊn ˈwaɪldər ənd ə θɪn snoʊ wɑːz ˈfɑːlɪŋ ðə ˈɜːrnɪst ʌv ə stɔːrm/
Line 4
The mist was drawing closer and creeping over the boglands.
Line 5
I minded an old saying of Tam Todd’s, "Rouk’s snaw’s wraith," and I looked for a wild storm with gladness, for it would keep the dragoon gentry at home and prohibit their ill-doing.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

baggage noun US /ˈbæɡədʒ/

cases used to carry belongings when traveling

From this reading “The people had all gone to the fair, and nothing was to be seen save the baggage and the children.”

gentry noun US /ˈdʒentri/

the most powerful members of a society

From this reading “I minded an old saying of Tam Todd’s, "Rouk’s snaw’s wraith," and I looked for a wild storm with gladness, for it would keep the dragoon gentry at home and prohibit their ill-doing.”

minded adjective US /ˈmaɪndəd/

(used in combination) mentally oriented toward something specified

From this reading “I minded an old saying of Tam Todd’s, "Rouk’s snaw’s wraith," and I looked for a wild storm with gladness, for it would keep the dragoon gentry at home and prohibit their ill-doing.”

moss noun US /mɔːs/

tiny leafy-stemmed flowerless plants

From this reading “OF THE FIGHT IN THE MOSS OF BIGGAR When we came to the camping-place it was almost deserted.”

prohibit verb US /proʊˈhɪbət/

command against

From this reading “I minded an old saying of Tam Todd’s, "Rouk’s snaw’s wraith," and I looked for a wild storm with gladness, for it would keep the dragoon gentry at home and prohibit their ill-doing.”

Tam noun US /tæm/

a woolen cap of Scottish origin

From this reading “I minded an old saying of Tam Todd’s, "Rouk’s snaw’s wraith," and I looked for a wild storm with gladness, for it would keep the dragoon gentry at home and prohibit their ill-doing.”

Todd's noun US /tɑːdz/

possessive form of “todd” — Scottish chemist noted for his research into the structure of nucleic acids (born in 1907)

wilder noun US /ˈwaɪldər/

United States writer and dramatist (1897-1975)

From this reading “The morning had grown wilder and a thin snow was falling, the earnest of a storm.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

almost deserted adverb + adjective

In this reading “OF THE FIGHT IN THE MOSS OF BIGGAR When we came to the camping-place it was almost deserted.”

at home preposition + noun

a reception held in your own home

In this reading “I minded an old saying of Tam Todd’s, "Rouk’s snaw’s wraith," and I looked for a wild storm with gladness, for it would keep the dragoon gentry at home and prohibit their ill-doing.”

All words in this reading · 66

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading The morning had grown wilder and a thin snow was falling, the earnest of a storm.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading The people had all gone to the fair, and nothing was to be seen save the baggage and the children.

almostadverbUS /ˈɔːlmoʊst/

(of actions or states) slightly short of or not quite accomplished; all but

From this reading OF THE FIGHT IN THE MOSS OF BIGGAR When we came to the camping-place it was almost deserted.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading I minded an old saying of Tam Todd’s, "Rouk’s snaw’s wraith," and I looked for a wild storm with gladness, for it would keep the dragoon gentry at home and prohibit their ill-doing.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading The people had all gone to the fair, and nothing was to be seen save the baggage and the children.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading I minded an old saying of Tam Todd’s, "Rouk’s snaw’s wraith," and I looked for a wild storm with gladness, for it would keep the dragoon gentry at home and prohibit their ill-doing.

baggagenounUS /ˈbæɡədʒ/

cases used to carry belongings when traveling

From this reading The people had all gone to the fair, and nothing was to be seen save the baggage and the children.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading The people had all gone to the fair, and nothing was to be seen save the baggage and the children.

BIGGAR

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading OF THE FIGHT IN THE MOSS OF BIGGAR When we came to the camping-place it was almost deserted.

boglands

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The mist was drawing closer and creeping over the boglands.

cameverbUS /keɪm/

inflected form of “come” — move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody

From this reading OF THE FIGHT IN THE MOSS OF BIGGAR When we came to the camping-place it was almost deserted.

camping-place

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading OF THE FIGHT IN THE MOSS OF BIGGAR When we came to the camping-place it was almost deserted.

childrennounUS /ˈtʃɪldrən/

plural of “child” — a young person of either sex

From this reading The people had all gone to the fair, and nothing was to be seen save the baggage and the children.

closeradverbUS /ˈkloʊsər/

(comparative of “near” or “close”) within a shorter distance

From this reading The mist was drawing closer and creeping over the boglands.

creepingnounUS /ˈkriːpɪŋ/

a slow mode of locomotion on hands and knees or dragging the body

From this reading The mist was drawing closer and creeping over the boglands.

desertedadjectiveUS /dɪˈzɜːrtɪd/

forsaken by owner or inhabitants

From this reading OF THE FIGHT IN THE MOSS OF BIGGAR When we came to the camping-place it was almost deserted.

dragoonverb

compel by coercion, threats, or crude means

From this reading I minded an old saying of Tam Todd’s, "Rouk’s snaw’s wraith," and I looked for a wild storm with gladness, for it would keep the dragoon gentry at home and prohibit their ill-doing.

drawingnounUS /ˈdrɔːɪŋ/

an illustration that is drawn by hand and published in a book, magazine, or newspaper

From this reading The mist was drawing closer and creeping over the boglands.

earnestadjectiveUS /ˈɜːrnɪst/

characterized by a firm and humorless belief in the validity of your opinions

From this reading The morning had grown wilder and a thin snow was falling, the earnest of a storm.

fairadjectiveUS /fer/

free from favoritism or self-interest or bias or deception; conforming with established standards or rules

From this reading The people had all gone to the fair, and nothing was to be seen save the baggage and the children.

fallingadjectiveUS /ˈfɑːlɪŋ/

decreasing in amount or degree

From this reading The morning had grown wilder and a thin snow was falling, the earnest of a storm.

FIGHTverbUS /faɪt/

be engaged in a fight; carry on a fight

From this reading OF THE FIGHT IN THE MOSS OF BIGGAR When we came to the camping-place it was almost deserted.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading I minded an old saying of Tam Todd’s, "Rouk’s snaw’s wraith," and I looked for a wild storm with gladness, for it would keep the dragoon gentry at home and prohibit their ill-doing.

gentrynounUS /ˈdʒentri/

the most powerful members of a society

From this reading I minded an old saying of Tam Todd’s, "Rouk’s snaw’s wraith," and I looked for a wild storm with gladness, for it would keep the dragoon gentry at home and prohibit their ill-doing.

gladnessnoun

experiencing joy and pleasure

From this reading I minded an old saying of Tam Todd’s, "Rouk’s snaw’s wraith," and I looked for a wild storm with gladness, for it would keep the dragoon gentry at home and prohibit their ill-doing.

goneadjectiveUS /ɡɔːn/

destroyed or killed

From this reading The people had all gone to the fair, and nothing was to be seen save the baggage and the children.

grownadjectiveUS /ɡroʊn/

(of animals) fully developed

From this reading The morning had grown wilder and a thin snow was falling, the earnest of a storm.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading The people had all gone to the fair, and nothing was to be seen save the baggage and the children.

homenounUS /hoʊm/

where you live at a particular time

From this reading I minded an old saying of Tam Todd’s, "Rouk’s snaw’s wraith," and I looked for a wild storm with gladness, for it would keep the dragoon gentry at home and prohibit their ill-doing.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading I minded an old saying of Tam Todd’s, "Rouk’s snaw’s wraith," and I looked for a wild storm with gladness, for it would keep the dragoon gentry at home and prohibit their ill-doing.

ill-doing

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I minded an old saying of Tam Todd’s, "Rouk’s snaw’s wraith," and I looked for a wild storm with gladness, for it would keep the dragoon gentry at home and prohibit their ill-doing.

INprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading OF THE FIGHT IN THE MOSS OF BIGGAR When we came to the camping-place it was almost deserted.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading OF THE FIGHT IN THE MOSS OF BIGGAR When we came to the camping-place it was almost deserted.

keepverbUS /kiːp/

cause to continue in a certain state, position, or activity; e.g., “keep clean”

From this reading I minded an old saying of Tam Todd’s, "Rouk’s snaw’s wraith," and I looked for a wild storm with gladness, for it would keep the dragoon gentry at home and prohibit their ill-doing.

lookedverbUS /lʊkt/

past form of “look” — perceive with attention; direct one's gaze towards

From this reading I minded an old saying of Tam Todd’s, "Rouk’s snaw’s wraith," and I looked for a wild storm with gladness, for it would keep the dragoon gentry at home and prohibit their ill-doing.

mindedadjectiveUS /ˈmaɪndəd/

(used in combination) mentally oriented toward something specified

From this reading I minded an old saying of Tam Todd’s, "Rouk’s snaw’s wraith," and I looked for a wild storm with gladness, for it would keep the dragoon gentry at home and prohibit their ill-doing.

mistverbUS /mɪst/

become covered with mist

From this reading The mist was drawing closer and creeping over the boglands.

morningnounUS /ˈmɔːrnɪŋ/

the time period between dawn and noon

From this reading The morning had grown wilder and a thin snow was falling, the earnest of a storm.

MOSSnounUS /mɔːs/

tiny leafy-stemmed flowerless plants

From this reading OF THE FIGHT IN THE MOSS OF BIGGAR When we came to the camping-place it was almost deserted.

nothingpronounUS /ˈnʌθɪŋ/

not one thing; not anything

From this reading The people had all gone to the fair, and nothing was to be seen save the baggage and the children.

OFprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading OF THE FIGHT IN THE MOSS OF BIGGAR When we came to the camping-place it was almost deserted.

oldadjectiveUS /oʊld/

(used especially of persons) having lived for a relatively long time or attained a specific age

From this reading I minded an old saying of Tam Todd’s, "Rouk’s snaw’s wraith," and I looked for a wild storm with gladness, for it would keep the dragoon gentry at home and prohibit their ill-doing.

overprepositionUS /ˈoʊvər/

above and across; more than

From this reading The mist was drawing closer and creeping over the boglands.

peoplenounUS /ˈpiːpəl/

(plural) any group of human beings (men or women or children) collectively

From this reading The people had all gone to the fair, and nothing was to be seen save the baggage and the children.

prohibitverbUS /proʊˈhɪbət/

command against

From this reading I minded an old saying of Tam Todd’s, "Rouk’s snaw’s wraith," and I looked for a wild storm with gladness, for it would keep the dragoon gentry at home and prohibit their ill-doing.

Rouk's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I minded an old saying of Tam Todd’s, "Rouk’s snaw’s wraith," and I looked for a wild storm with gladness, for it would keep the dragoon gentry at home and prohibit their ill-doing.

saveprepositionUS /seɪv/

except for; apart from

From this reading The people had all gone to the fair, and nothing was to be seen save the baggage and the children.

sayingnounUS /ˈseɪɪŋ/

a word or phrase that particular people use in particular situations

From this reading I minded an old saying of Tam Todd’s, "Rouk’s snaw’s wraith," and I looked for a wild storm with gladness, for it would keep the dragoon gentry at home and prohibit their ill-doing.

seenverbUS /siːn/

inflected form of “see” — perceive by sight or have the power to perceive by sight

From this reading The people had all gone to the fair, and nothing was to be seen save the baggage and the children.

snaw's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I minded an old saying of Tam Todd’s, "Rouk’s snaw’s wraith," and I looked for a wild storm with gladness, for it would keep the dragoon gentry at home and prohibit their ill-doing.

snownounUS /snoʊ/

precipitation falling from clouds in the form of ice crystals

From this reading The morning had grown wilder and a thin snow was falling, the earnest of a storm.

stormverbUS /stɔːrm/

behave violently, as if in state of a great anger

From this reading The morning had grown wilder and a thin snow was falling, the earnest of a storm.

TamnounUS /tæm/

a woolen cap of Scottish origin

From this reading I minded an old saying of Tam Todd’s, "Rouk’s snaw’s wraith," and I looked for a wild storm with gladness, for it would keep the dragoon gentry at home and prohibit their ill-doing.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading OF THE FIGHT IN THE MOSS OF BIGGAR When we came to the camping-place it was almost deserted.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading I minded an old saying of Tam Todd’s, "Rouk’s snaw’s wraith," and I looked for a wild storm with gladness, for it would keep the dragoon gentry at home and prohibit their ill-doing.

thinadjectiveUS /θɪn/

Having little thickness or extent.

From this reading The morning had grown wilder and a thin snow was falling, the earnest of a storm.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading OF THE FIGHT IN THE MOSS OF BIGGAR When we came to the camping-place it was almost deserted.

Todd'snounUS /tɑːdz/

possessive form of “todd” — Scottish chemist noted for his research into the structure of nucleic acids (born in 1907)

From this reading I minded an old saying of Tam Todd’s, "Rouk’s snaw’s wraith," and I looked for a wild storm with gladness, for it would keep the dragoon gentry at home and prohibit their ill-doing.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading OF THE FIGHT IN THE MOSS OF BIGGAR When we came to the camping-place it was almost deserted.

wepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading OF THE FIGHT IN THE MOSS OF BIGGAR When we came to the camping-place it was almost deserted.

WhenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading OF THE FIGHT IN THE MOSS OF BIGGAR When we came to the camping-place it was almost deserted.

wildadjectiveUS /waɪld/

marked by extreme lack of restraint or control

From this reading I minded an old saying of Tam Todd’s, "Rouk’s snaw’s wraith," and I looked for a wild storm with gladness, for it would keep the dragoon gentry at home and prohibit their ill-doing.

wildernounUS /ˈwaɪldər/

United States writer and dramatist (1897-1975)

From this reading The morning had grown wilder and a thin snow was falling, the earnest of a storm.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading I minded an old saying of Tam Todd’s, "Rouk’s snaw’s wraith," and I looked for a wild storm with gladness, for it would keep the dragoon gentry at home and prohibit their ill-doing.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading I minded an old saying of Tam Todd’s, "Rouk’s snaw’s wraith," and I looked for a wild storm with gladness, for it would keep the dragoon gentry at home and prohibit their ill-doing.

wraithnoun

a mental representation of some haunting experience

From this reading I minded an old saying of Tam Todd’s, "Rouk’s snaw’s wraith," and I looked for a wild storm with gladness, for it would keep the dragoon gentry at home and prohibit their ill-doing.

Chapter 31 of John Burnet of Barns: A Romance by John Buchan holds 145 sentences, grouped into 29 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 31 of John Burnet of Barns: A Romance contain?

Chapter 31 holds 145 sentences of John Burnet of Barns: A Romance, unabridged, divided into 29 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 31 of John Burnet of Barns: A Romance by John Buchan exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 145 sentences, grouped into 29 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 31 of John Burnet of Barns: A Romance?

Work through the 29 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 29 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 31 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 31 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading John Burnet of Barns: A Romance

Common questions about reading John Burnet of Barns: A Romance by John Buchan on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of John Burnet of Barns: A Romance?

Yes. All 5632 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #40014 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of John Burnet of Barns: A Romance is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #40014, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does John Burnet of Barns: A Romance take to read?

About 469 minutes of reading across 1127 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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How to work through John Burnet of Barns: A Romance section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

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Vocabulary met early in John Burnet of Barns: A Romance

Words and structures a reader meets early in John Burnet of Barns: A Romance, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Toronto
A word that appears in the opening chapter of John Burnet of Barns: A Romance; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Clark
A word that appears in the opening chapter of John Burnet of Barns: A Romance; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Company
A word that appears in the opening chapter of John Burnet of Barns: A Romance; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Limited
A word that appears in the opening chapter of John Burnet of Barns: A Romance; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.