Chapter I
Chapter 1 of John de Lancaster: a novel is here in full — 10 sentences across 2 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.
JOHN DE LANCASTER. VOLUME I. JOHN DE LANCASTER. A NOVEL. _RICHARD CUMBERLAND, ESQ._ IN THREE VOLUMES.
John de Lancaster: a novel
Chapter I
Chapter 1 of John de Lancaster: a novel is here in full — 10 sentences across 2 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.
English subtitles · tap any word to listen
1 / 5
JOHN
DE
LANCASTER.
VOLUME
I.
JOHN
DE
LANCASTER.
A
NOVEL.
_RICHARD
CUMBERLAND,
ESQ._
IN
THREE
VOLUMES.
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending
A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.
John de Lancaster: a novel
Chapter I
Chapter 1 of John de Lancaster: a novel is here in full — 10 sentences across 2 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.
Reading 1/2 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5
Line 1
JOHN
DE
LANCASTER.
/dʒɑːn diː ˈlænkæstər/
Line 2
VOLUME
I.
/ˈvɑːljuːm aɪ/
Line 3
JOHN
DE
LANCASTER.
/dʒɑːn diː ˈlænkæstər/
Line 4
A
NOVEL.
/ə ˈnɑːvəl/
Line 5
_RICHARD
CUMBERLAND,
ESQ._
IN
THREE
VOLUMES.
Learner Dictionary
These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.
Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.
cumberland
noun
US /ˈkʌmbərlənd/
English general; son of George II; fought unsuccessfully in the battle of Fontenoy (1721-1765)
From this reading “_RICHARD CUMBERLAND, ESQ._ IN THREE VOLUMES.”
a room or building equipped with one or more toilets
From this reading “JOHN DE LANCASTER.”
lancaster
noun
US /ˈlænkæstər/
a city in northwestern England
From this reading “JOHN DE LANCASTER.”
an extended fictional work in prose; usually in the form of a story
From this reading “A NOVEL.”
the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one and one
From this reading “_RICHARD CUMBERLAND, ESQ._ IN THREE VOLUMES.”
the amount of 3-dimensional space occupied by an object
From this reading “VOLUME I.”
volumes
noun
US /ˈvɑːljuːmz/
plural of “volume” — the amount of 3-dimensional space occupied by an object
From this reading “_RICHARD CUMBERLAND, ESQ._ IN THREE VOLUMES.”
Word partnerships in these lines
English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.
Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.
THREE VOLUMES
noun + noun
counted as “three volume”
In this reading “_RICHARD CUMBERLAND, ESQ._ IN THREE VOLUMES.”
All words in this reading · 13
Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.
Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.
used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one
From this reading A NOVEL.
CUMBERLANDnounUS /ˈkʌmbərlənd/
English general; son of George II; fought unsuccessfully in the battle of Fontenoy (1721-1765)
From this reading _RICHARD CUMBERLAND, ESQ._ IN THREE VOLUMES.
a Mid-Atlantic state; one of the original 13 colonies
From this reading JOHN DE LANCASTER.
ESQnoun
a title of respect for a member of the English gentry ranking just below a knight; placed after the name
From this reading _RICHARD CUMBERLAND, ESQ._ IN THREE VOLUMES.
the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb
From this reading VOLUME I.
inside something, or within a place, period, or state
From this reading _RICHARD CUMBERLAND, ESQ._ IN THREE VOLUMES.
a room or building equipped with one or more toilets
From this reading JOHN DE LANCASTER.
LANCASTERnounUS /ˈlænkæstər/
a city in northwestern England
From this reading JOHN DE LANCASTER.
an extended fictional work in prose; usually in the form of a story
From this reading A NOVEL.
RICHARD
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading _RICHARD CUMBERLAND, ESQ._ IN THREE VOLUMES.
the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one and one
From this reading _RICHARD CUMBERLAND, ESQ._ IN THREE VOLUMES.
the amount of 3-dimensional space occupied by an object
From this reading VOLUME I.
VOLUMESnounUS /ˈvɑːljuːmz/
plural of “volume” — the amount of 3-dimensional space occupied by an object
From this reading _RICHARD CUMBERLAND, ESQ._ IN THREE VOLUMES.
Chapter 1 of John de Lancaster: a novel by Richard Cumberland holds 10 sentences, grouped into 2 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.
What does chapter 1 of John de Lancaster: a novel contain?
Chapter 1 holds 10 sentences of John de Lancaster: a novel, unabridged, divided into 2 reading sections.
This page carries chapter 1 of John de Lancaster: a novel by Richard Cumberland exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 10 sentences, grouped into 2 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.
How do I study chapter 1 of John de Lancaster: a novel?
Work through the 2 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.
Each of the 2 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.
Can chapter 1 be read aloud to me?
Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 1 can be played aloud in United States English.
Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.
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Project Gutenberg eBook #?, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.
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Vocabulary met early in John de Lancaster: a novel
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