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John Herring — Volume 1
John Herring — Volume 1

Chapter I

Chapter 1 of John Herring — Volume 1 is here in full — 399 sentences across 80 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/79 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
VOL.
I.
*PREFACE.* (_ADDRESSED TO THOSE WHO ARE NOT OF THE WEST COUNTRY._) In a tale of the West of England in which are introduced some of the lowest types of rustic humanity to be found there, it is impossible to avoid the use of the local dialect.
This dialect has, however, been modified, as much as possible to render it intelligible without transforming it into the language of the schools.
The vulgar dialect is regardless of gender and reckless in the use of cases.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

John Herring — Volume 1

Chapter I

Chapter 1 of John Herring — Volume 1 is here in full — 399 sentences across 80 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/79 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
VOL.
Line 2
I.
/aɪ/
Line 3
*PREFACE.* (_ADDRESSED TO THOSE WHO ARE NOT OF THE WEST COUNTRY._) In a tale of the West of England in which are introduced some of the lowest types of rustic humanity to be found there, it is impossible to avoid the use of the local dialect.
/ˈprefəs əˈdrest tuː ðoʊz huː ɑːr nɑːt ʌv ðə west ˈkʌntri ɪn ə teɪl ʌv ðə west ʌv ˈɪŋɡlənd ɪn wɪtʃ ɑːr ˌɪntrəˈduːst sʌm ʌv ðə ˈloʊəst taɪps ʌv ˈrʌstɪk hjuːˈmænɪti tuː biː faʊnd ðer ɪt ɪz ˌɪmˈpɑːsəbəl tuː əˈvɔɪd ðə juːs ʌv ðə ˈloʊkəl ˈdaɪəlekt/
Line 4
This dialect has, however, been modified, as much as possible to render it intelligible without transforming it into the language of the schools.
/ðɪs ˈdaɪəlekt hæz ˌhaʊˈevər bɪn ˈmɑːdəfaɪd æz mʌtʃ æz ˈpɑːsəbəl tuː ˈrendər ɪt ˌɪnˈtelədʒəbəl wɪˈθaʊt trænˈsfɔːrmɪŋ ɪt ˈɪntuː ðə ˈlæŋɡwədʒ ʌv ðə skuːlz/
Line 5
The vulgar dialect is regardless of gender and reckless in the use of cases.
/ðə ˈvʌlɡər ˈdaɪəlekt ɪz rəˈɡɑːrdləs ʌv ˈdʒendər ənd ˈrekləs ɪn ðə juːs ʌv ˈkeɪsəz/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

dialect noun US /ˈdaɪəlekt/

the usage or vocabulary that is characteristic of a specific group of people

From this reading “*PREFACE.* (_ADDRESSED TO THOSE WHO ARE NOT OF THE WEST COUNTRY._) In a tale of the West of England in which are introduced some of the lowest types of rustic humanity to be found there, it is impossible to avoid the use of the local dialect.”

gender noun US /ˈdʒendər/

a grammatical category in inflected languages governing the agreement between nouns and pronouns and adjectives; in some languages it is quite arbitrary but in Indo-European languages it is usually based on sex or animateness

From this reading “The vulgar dialect is regardless of gender and reckless in the use of cases.”

intelligible adjective US /ˌɪnˈtelədʒəbəl/

capable of being apprehended or understood

From this reading “This dialect has, however, been modified, as much as possible to render it intelligible without transforming it into the language of the schools.”

modified adjective US /ˈmɑːdəfaɪd/

changed in form or character

From this reading “This dialect has, however, been modified, as much as possible to render it intelligible without transforming it into the language of the schools.”

preface noun US /ˈprefəs/

a short introductory essay preceding the text of a book

From this reading “*PREFACE.* (_ADDRESSED TO THOSE WHO ARE NOT OF THE WEST COUNTRY._) In a tale of the West of England in which are introduced some of the lowest types of rustic humanity to be found there, it is impossible to avoid the use of the local dialect.”

regardless adverb US /rəˈɡɑːrdləs/

in spite of everything; without regard to drawbacks

From this reading “The vulgar dialect is regardless of gender and reckless in the use of cases.”

transforming verb US /trænˈsfɔːrmɪŋ/

-ing form of “transform” — subject to a mathematical transformation

From this reading “This dialect has, however, been modified, as much as possible to render it intelligible without transforming it into the language of the schools.”

types noun US /taɪps/

plural of “type” — a subdivision of a particular kind of thing

From this reading “*PREFACE.* (_ADDRESSED TO THOSE WHO ARE NOT OF THE WEST COUNTRY._) In a tale of the West of England in which are introduced some of the lowest types of rustic humanity to be found there, it is impossible to avoid the use of the local dialect.”

All words in this reading · 55

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading *PREFACE.* (_ADDRESSED TO THOSE WHO ARE NOT OF THE WEST COUNTRY._) In a tale of the West of England in which are introduced some of the lowest types of rustic humanity to be found there, it is impossible to avoid the use of the local dialect.

ADDRESSEDadjectiveUS /əˈdrest/

(of mail) marked with a destination

From this reading *PREFACE.* (_ADDRESSED TO THOSE WHO ARE NOT OF THE WEST COUNTRY._) In a tale of the West of England in which are introduced some of the lowest types of rustic humanity to be found there, it is impossible to avoid the use of the local dialect.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading The vulgar dialect is regardless of gender and reckless in the use of cases.

AREauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading *PREFACE.* (_ADDRESSED TO THOSE WHO ARE NOT OF THE WEST COUNTRY._) In a tale of the West of England in which are introduced some of the lowest types of rustic humanity to be found there, it is impossible to avoid the use of the local dialect.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading This dialect has, however, been modified, as much as possible to render it intelligible without transforming it into the language of the schools.

avoidverbUS /əˈvɔɪd/

stay clear from; keep away from; keep out of the way of someone or something

From this reading *PREFACE.* (_ADDRESSED TO THOSE WHO ARE NOT OF THE WEST COUNTRY._) In a tale of the West of England in which are introduced some of the lowest types of rustic humanity to be found there, it is impossible to avoid the use of the local dialect.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading *PREFACE.* (_ADDRESSED TO THOSE WHO ARE NOT OF THE WEST COUNTRY._) In a tale of the West of England in which are introduced some of the lowest types of rustic humanity to be found there, it is impossible to avoid the use of the local dialect.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading This dialect has, however, been modified, as much as possible to render it intelligible without transforming it into the language of the schools.

casesnounUS /ˈkeɪsəz/

plural of “case” — an occurrence of something

From this reading The vulgar dialect is regardless of gender and reckless in the use of cases.

COUNTRYnounUS /ˈkʌntri/

a politically organized body of people under a single government

From this reading *PREFACE.* (_ADDRESSED TO THOSE WHO ARE NOT OF THE WEST COUNTRY._) In a tale of the West of England in which are introduced some of the lowest types of rustic humanity to be found there, it is impossible to avoid the use of the local dialect.

dialectnounUS /ˈdaɪəlekt/

the usage or vocabulary that is characteristic of a specific group of people

From this reading *PREFACE.* (_ADDRESSED TO THOSE WHO ARE NOT OF THE WEST COUNTRY._) In a tale of the West of England in which are introduced some of the lowest types of rustic humanity to be found there, it is impossible to avoid the use of the local dialect.

EnglandnounUS /ˈɪŋɡlənd/

a division of the United Kingdom

From this reading *PREFACE.* (_ADDRESSED TO THOSE WHO ARE NOT OF THE WEST COUNTRY._) In a tale of the West of England in which are introduced some of the lowest types of rustic humanity to be found there, it is impossible to avoid the use of the local dialect.

foundverbUS /faʊnd/

set up or found

From this reading *PREFACE.* (_ADDRESSED TO THOSE WHO ARE NOT OF THE WEST COUNTRY._) In a tale of the West of England in which are introduced some of the lowest types of rustic humanity to be found there, it is impossible to avoid the use of the local dialect.

gendernounUS /ˈdʒendər/

a grammatical category in inflected languages governing the agreement between nouns and pronouns and adjectives; in some languages it is quite arbitrary but in Indo-European languages it is usually based on sex or animateness

From this reading The vulgar dialect is regardless of gender and reckless in the use of cases.

hasauxiliary verbUS /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading This dialect has, however, been modified, as much as possible to render it intelligible without transforming it into the language of the schools.

howeveradverbUS /ˌhaʊˈevər/

used to add a contrasting statement

From this reading This dialect has, however, been modified, as much as possible to render it intelligible without transforming it into the language of the schools.

humanitynounUS /hjuːˈmænɪti/

the quality of being humane

From this reading *PREFACE.* (_ADDRESSED TO THOSE WHO ARE NOT OF THE WEST COUNTRY._) In a tale of the West of England in which are introduced some of the lowest types of rustic humanity to be found there, it is impossible to avoid the use of the local dialect.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading I.

impossibleadjectiveUS /ˌɪmˈpɑːsəbəl/

not capable of occurring or being accomplished or dealt with

From this reading *PREFACE.* (_ADDRESSED TO THOSE WHO ARE NOT OF THE WEST COUNTRY._) In a tale of the West of England in which are introduced some of the lowest types of rustic humanity to be found there, it is impossible to avoid the use of the local dialect.

InprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading *PREFACE.* (_ADDRESSED TO THOSE WHO ARE NOT OF THE WEST COUNTRY._) In a tale of the West of England in which are introduced some of the lowest types of rustic humanity to be found there, it is impossible to avoid the use of the local dialect.

intelligibleadjectiveUS /ˌɪnˈtelədʒəbəl/

capable of being apprehended or understood

From this reading This dialect has, however, been modified, as much as possible to render it intelligible without transforming it into the language of the schools.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading This dialect has, however, been modified, as much as possible to render it intelligible without transforming it into the language of the schools.

introducedverbUS /ˌɪntrəˈduːst/

past form of “introduce” — cause to come to know personally

From this reading *PREFACE.* (_ADDRESSED TO THOSE WHO ARE NOT OF THE WEST COUNTRY._) In a tale of the West of England in which are introduced some of the lowest types of rustic humanity to be found there, it is impossible to avoid the use of the local dialect.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading *PREFACE.* (_ADDRESSED TO THOSE WHO ARE NOT OF THE WEST COUNTRY._) In a tale of the West of England in which are introduced some of the lowest types of rustic humanity to be found there, it is impossible to avoid the use of the local dialect.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading *PREFACE.* (_ADDRESSED TO THOSE WHO ARE NOT OF THE WEST COUNTRY._) In a tale of the West of England in which are introduced some of the lowest types of rustic humanity to be found there, it is impossible to avoid the use of the local dialect.

languagenounUS /ˈlæŋɡwədʒ/

a systematic means of communicating by the use of sounds or conventional symbols

From this reading This dialect has, however, been modified, as much as possible to render it intelligible without transforming it into the language of the schools.

localadjectiveUS /ˈloʊkəl/

relating to or applicable to or concerned with the administration of a city or town or district rather than a larger area

From this reading *PREFACE.* (_ADDRESSED TO THOSE WHO ARE NOT OF THE WEST COUNTRY._) In a tale of the West of England in which are introduced some of the lowest types of rustic humanity to be found there, it is impossible to avoid the use of the local dialect.

lowestadjectiveUS /ˈloʊəst/

lowest in rank or importance

From this reading *PREFACE.* (_ADDRESSED TO THOSE WHO ARE NOT OF THE WEST COUNTRY._) In a tale of the West of England in which are introduced some of the lowest types of rustic humanity to be found there, it is impossible to avoid the use of the local dialect.

modifiedadjectiveUS /ˈmɑːdəfaɪd/

changed in form or character

From this reading This dialect has, however, been modified, as much as possible to render it intelligible without transforming it into the language of the schools.

muchadverbUS /mʌtʃ/

to a great degree or extent

From this reading This dialect has, however, been modified, as much as possible to render it intelligible without transforming it into the language of the schools.

NOTadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading *PREFACE.* (_ADDRESSED TO THOSE WHO ARE NOT OF THE WEST COUNTRY._) In a tale of the West of England in which are introduced some of the lowest types of rustic humanity to be found there, it is impossible to avoid the use of the local dialect.

OFprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading *PREFACE.* (_ADDRESSED TO THOSE WHO ARE NOT OF THE WEST COUNTRY._) In a tale of the West of England in which are introduced some of the lowest types of rustic humanity to be found there, it is impossible to avoid the use of the local dialect.

possibleadjectiveUS /ˈpɑːsəbəl/

capable of happening or existing

From this reading This dialect has, however, been modified, as much as possible to render it intelligible without transforming it into the language of the schools.

PREFACEnounUS /ˈprefəs/

a short introductory essay preceding the text of a book

From this reading *PREFACE.* (_ADDRESSED TO THOSE WHO ARE NOT OF THE WEST COUNTRY._) In a tale of the West of England in which are introduced some of the lowest types of rustic humanity to be found there, it is impossible to avoid the use of the local dialect.

recklessadjectiveUS /ˈrekləs/

marked by defiant disregard for danger or consequences

From this reading The vulgar dialect is regardless of gender and reckless in the use of cases.

regardlessadverbUS /rəˈɡɑːrdləs/

in spite of everything; without regard to drawbacks

From this reading The vulgar dialect is regardless of gender and reckless in the use of cases.

renderverbUS /ˈrendər/

cause to become

From this reading This dialect has, however, been modified, as much as possible to render it intelligible without transforming it into the language of the schools.

rusticadjectiveUS /ˈrʌstɪk/

characteristic of rural life

From this reading *PREFACE.* (_ADDRESSED TO THOSE WHO ARE NOT OF THE WEST COUNTRY._) In a tale of the West of England in which are introduced some of the lowest types of rustic humanity to be found there, it is impossible to avoid the use of the local dialect.

schoolsnounUS /skuːlz/

plural of “school” — an educational institution

From this reading This dialect has, however, been modified, as much as possible to render it intelligible without transforming it into the language of the schools.

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading *PREFACE.* (_ADDRESSED TO THOSE WHO ARE NOT OF THE WEST COUNTRY._) In a tale of the West of England in which are introduced some of the lowest types of rustic humanity to be found there, it is impossible to avoid the use of the local dialect.

talenounUS /teɪl/

a message that tells the particulars of an act or occurrence or course of events; presented in writing or drama or cinema or as a radio or television program

From this reading *PREFACE.* (_ADDRESSED TO THOSE WHO ARE NOT OF THE WEST COUNTRY._) In a tale of the West of England in which are introduced some of the lowest types of rustic humanity to be found there, it is impossible to avoid the use of the local dialect.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading *PREFACE.* (_ADDRESSED TO THOSE WHO ARE NOT OF THE WEST COUNTRY._) In a tale of the West of England in which are introduced some of the lowest types of rustic humanity to be found there, it is impossible to avoid the use of the local dialect.

thereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading *PREFACE.* (_ADDRESSED TO THOSE WHO ARE NOT OF THE WEST COUNTRY._) In a tale of the West of England in which are introduced some of the lowest types of rustic humanity to be found there, it is impossible to avoid the use of the local dialect.

ThisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading This dialect has, however, been modified, as much as possible to render it intelligible without transforming it into the language of the schools.

THOSEdeterminerUS /ðoʊz/

the plural of “that”: the people or things further away, or already known

From this reading *PREFACE.* (_ADDRESSED TO THOSE WHO ARE NOT OF THE WEST COUNTRY._) In a tale of the West of England in which are introduced some of the lowest types of rustic humanity to be found there, it is impossible to avoid the use of the local dialect.

TOparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading *PREFACE.* (_ADDRESSED TO THOSE WHO ARE NOT OF THE WEST COUNTRY._) In a tale of the West of England in which are introduced some of the lowest types of rustic humanity to be found there, it is impossible to avoid the use of the local dialect.

transformingverbUS /trænˈsfɔːrmɪŋ/

-ing form of “transform” — subject to a mathematical transformation

From this reading This dialect has, however, been modified, as much as possible to render it intelligible without transforming it into the language of the schools.

typesnounUS /taɪps/

plural of “type” — a subdivision of a particular kind of thing

From this reading *PREFACE.* (_ADDRESSED TO THOSE WHO ARE NOT OF THE WEST COUNTRY._) In a tale of the West of England in which are introduced some of the lowest types of rustic humanity to be found there, it is impossible to avoid the use of the local dialect.

usenounUS /juːs/

the act of using

From this reading *PREFACE.* (_ADDRESSED TO THOSE WHO ARE NOT OF THE WEST COUNTRY._) In a tale of the West of England in which are introduced some of the lowest types of rustic humanity to be found there, it is impossible to avoid the use of the local dialect.

VOL

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading VOL.

vulgaradjectiveUS /ˈvʌlɡər/

lacking refinement or cultivation or taste

From this reading The vulgar dialect is regardless of gender and reckless in the use of cases.

WESTnounUS /west/

the countries of (originally) Europe and (now including) North America and South America

From this reading *PREFACE.* (_ADDRESSED TO THOSE WHO ARE NOT OF THE WEST COUNTRY._) In a tale of the West of England in which are introduced some of the lowest types of rustic humanity to be found there, it is impossible to avoid the use of the local dialect.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading *PREFACE.* (_ADDRESSED TO THOSE WHO ARE NOT OF THE WEST COUNTRY._) In a tale of the West of England in which are introduced some of the lowest types of rustic humanity to be found there, it is impossible to avoid the use of the local dialect.

WHOpronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading *PREFACE.* (_ADDRESSED TO THOSE WHO ARE NOT OF THE WEST COUNTRY._) In a tale of the West of England in which are introduced some of the lowest types of rustic humanity to be found there, it is impossible to avoid the use of the local dialect.

withoutprepositionUS /wɪˈθaʊt/

not having, not using, or not accompanied by

From this reading This dialect has, however, been modified, as much as possible to render it intelligible without transforming it into the language of the schools.

Chapter 1 of John Herring — Volume 1 by S. (Sabine) Baring-Gould holds 399 sentences, grouped into 80 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 1 of John Herring — Volume 1 contain?

Chapter 1 holds 399 sentences of John Herring — Volume 1, unabridged, divided into 80 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 1 of John Herring — Volume 1 by S. (Sabine) Baring-Gould exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 399 sentences, grouped into 80 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 1 of John Herring — Volume 1?

Work through the 80 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 80 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 1 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 1 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading John Herring — Volume 1

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Is this the complete text of John Herring — Volume 1?

Yes. All 4018 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #54463 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of John Herring — Volume 1 is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #54463, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does John Herring — Volume 1 take to read?

About 334 minutes of reading across 804 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read John Herring — Volume 1 section by section

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  1. Open a chapter

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  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in John Herring — Volume 1

Words and structures a reader meets early in John Herring — Volume 1, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Preface
A word that appears in the opening chapter of John Herring — Volume 1; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Addressed
A word that appears in the opening chapter of John Herring — Volume 1; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Those
A word that appears in the opening chapter of John Herring — Volume 1; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Country
A word that appears in the opening chapter of John Herring — Volume 1; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.