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John Rutherford, the White Chief
John Rutherford, the White Chief

Chapter IX · Chapter 9

Chapter 9 of John Rutherford, the White Chief is here in full — 135 sentences across 27 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/27 · 5 lines
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With regard to many of the other habits of the New Zealanders, Rutherford in general corroborates the testimony of other travellers.
He mentions particularly their extreme inattention to personal cleanliness, a circumstance which very much surprised Nicholas, as it seemed to present an unaccountable contrast to the neatness and order which were usually to be found both in their plantations and huts.
All the natives, Rutherford states, are overrun with vermin, which lodge not only in their heads, but in their mats.
"Their way of destroying them in their mats," he adds, "is by making a fire, on which, having thrown a quantity of green bushes, they spread the mat over the whole, when the steam from the leaves compels the vermin to retreat to the surface: these the women are very active in catching on such occasions with both hands, and devouring greedily.
Sometimes two or three will be catching them at the same mat."
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

John Rutherford, the White Chief

Chapter IX · Chapter 9

Chapter 9 of John Rutherford, the White Chief is here in full — 135 sentences across 27 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/27 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
With regard to many of the other habits of the New Zealanders, Rutherford in general corroborates the testimony of other travellers.
/wɪð rɪˈɡɑːrd tuː ˈmeni ʌv ðə ˈʌðər ˈhæbəts ʌv ðə nuː ˈziːləndərz ˈrʌθərfərd ɪn ˈdʒenərəl kərˈɔːbəreɪts ðə ˈtestəmoʊni ʌv ˈʌðər ˈtrævələrz/
Line 2
He mentions particularly their extreme inattention to personal cleanliness, a circumstance which very much surprised Nicholas, as it seemed to present an unaccountable contrast to the neatness and order which were usually to be found both in their plantations and huts.
/hiː ˈmenʃənz ˌpɑːrˈtɪkjələrli ðer ekˈstriːm ˌɪnəˈtentʃən tuː ˈpɜːrsɪnəl ˈklenlinɪs ə ˈsɜːrkəmstæns wɪtʃ ˈveri mʌtʃ sərˈpraɪzd ˈnɪkələs æz ɪt siːmd tuː ˈprezənt æn ˌʌnəˈkaʊntəbəl ˈkɑːntræst tuː ðə ˈniːtnəs ənd ˈɔːrdər wɪtʃ wɜːr ˈjuːʒəwəli tuː biː faʊnd boʊθ ɪn ðer ˌplænˈteɪʃənz ənd hʌts/
Line 3
All the natives, Rutherford states, are overrun with vermin, which lodge not only in their heads, but in their mats.
/ɔːl ðə ˈneɪtɪvz ˈrʌθərfərd steɪts ɑːr ˈoʊvərrʌn wɪð ˈvɜːrmɪn wɪtʃ lɑːdʒ nɑːt ˈoʊnli ɪn ðer hedz bʌt ɪn ðer mæts/
Line 4
"Their way of destroying them in their mats," he adds, "is by making a fire, on which, having thrown a quantity of green bushes, they spread the mat over the whole, when the steam from the leaves compels the vermin to retreat to the surface: these the women are very active in catching on such occasions with both hands, and devouring greedily.
/ðer weɪ ʌv dɪˈstrɔɪɪŋ ðem ɪn ðer mæts hiː ædz ɪz baɪ ˈmeɪkɪŋ ə ˈfaɪər ɑːn wɪtʃ ˈhævɪŋ θroʊn ə ˈkwɑːntəti ʌv ɡriːn ˈbʊʃəz ðeɪ spred ðə mæt ˈoʊvər ðə hoʊl wen ðə stiːm frʌm ðə liːvz kəmˈpelz ðə ˈvɜːrmɪn tuː riˈtriːt tuː ðə ˈsɜːrfəs ðiːz ðə ˈwɪmən ɑːr ˈveri ˈæktɪv ɪn ˈkætʃɪŋ ɑːn sʌtʃ əˈkeɪʒənz wɪð boʊθ hændz ənd dɪˈvaʊərɪŋ ˈɡriːdəli/
Line 5
Sometimes two or three will be catching them at the same mat."
/səmˈtaɪmz tuː ɔːr θriː wɪl biː ˈkætʃɪŋ ðem æt ðə seɪm mæt/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

compels verb US /kəmˈpelz/

third-person singular of “compel” — force somebody to do something

From this reading “"Their way of destroying them in their mats," he adds, "is by making a fire, on which, having thrown a quantity of green bushes, they spread the mat over the whole, when the steam from the leaves compels the vermin to retreat to the surface: these the women are very active in catching on such occasions with both hands, and devouring greedily.”

corroborates verb US /kərˈɔːbəreɪts/

third-person singular of “corroborate” — establish or strengthen as with new evidence or facts

From this reading “With regard to many of the other habits of the New Zealanders, Rutherford in general corroborates the testimony of other travellers.”

inattention noun US /ˌɪnəˈtentʃən/

lack of attention

From this reading “He mentions particularly their extreme inattention to personal cleanliness, a circumstance which very much surprised Nicholas, as it seemed to present an unaccountable contrast to the neatness and order which were usually to be found both in their plantations and huts.”

mats noun US /mæts/

plural of “mat” — a thick flat pad used as a floor covering

From this reading “All the natives, Rutherford states, are overrun with vermin, which lodge not only in their heads, but in their mats.”

mentions noun US /ˈmenʃənz/

plural of “mention” — a remark that calls attention to something or someone

From this reading “He mentions particularly their extreme inattention to personal cleanliness, a circumstance which very much surprised Nicholas, as it seemed to present an unaccountable contrast to the neatness and order which were usually to be found both in their plantations and huts.”

overrun verb US /ˈoʊvərrʌn/

invade in great numbers

From this reading “All the natives, Rutherford states, are overrun with vermin, which lodge not only in their heads, but in their mats.”

Rutherford noun US /ˈrʌθərfərd/

a unit strength of a radioactive source equal to one million disintegrations per second

From this reading “With regard to many of the other habits of the New Zealanders, Rutherford in general corroborates the testimony of other travellers.”

Zealanders noun US /ˈziːləndərz/

plural of “zealander” — a native or inhabitant of Zealand

From this reading “With regard to many of the other habits of the New Zealanders, Rutherford in general corroborates the testimony of other travellers.”

All words in this reading · 102

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading He mentions particularly their extreme inattention to personal cleanliness, a circumstance which very much surprised Nicholas, as it seemed to present an unaccountable contrast to the neatness and order which were usually to be found both in their plantations and huts.

activeadjectiveUS /ˈæktɪv/

tending to become more severe or wider in scope

From this reading "Their way of destroying them in their mats," he adds, "is by making a fire, on which, having thrown a quantity of green bushes, they spread the mat over the whole, when the steam from the leaves compels the vermin to retreat to the surface: these the women are very active in catching on such occasions with both hands, and devouring greedily.

addsnounUS /ædz/

plural of “add” — a condition (mostly in boys) characterized by behavioral and learning disorders

From this reading "Their way of destroying them in their mats," he adds, "is by making a fire, on which, having thrown a quantity of green bushes, they spread the mat over the whole, when the steam from the leaves compels the vermin to retreat to the surface: these the women are very active in catching on such occasions with both hands, and devouring greedily.

AlladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading All the natives, Rutherford states, are overrun with vermin, which lodge not only in their heads, but in their mats.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading He mentions particularly their extreme inattention to personal cleanliness, a circumstance which very much surprised Nicholas, as it seemed to present an unaccountable contrast to the neatness and order which were usually to be found both in their plantations and huts.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading He mentions particularly their extreme inattention to personal cleanliness, a circumstance which very much surprised Nicholas, as it seemed to present an unaccountable contrast to the neatness and order which were usually to be found both in their plantations and huts.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading All the natives, Rutherford states, are overrun with vermin, which lodge not only in their heads, but in their mats.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading He mentions particularly their extreme inattention to personal cleanliness, a circumstance which very much surprised Nicholas, as it seemed to present an unaccountable contrast to the neatness and order which were usually to be found both in their plantations and huts.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading Sometimes two or three will be catching them at the same mat."

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading He mentions particularly their extreme inattention to personal cleanliness, a circumstance which very much surprised Nicholas, as it seemed to present an unaccountable contrast to the neatness and order which were usually to be found both in their plantations and huts.

bothdeterminerUS /boʊθ/

the two together, not just one

From this reading He mentions particularly their extreme inattention to personal cleanliness, a circumstance which very much surprised Nicholas, as it seemed to present an unaccountable contrast to the neatness and order which were usually to be found both in their plantations and huts.

bushesnounUS /ˈbʊʃəz/

plural of “bush” — a low woody perennial plant usually having several major stems

From this reading "Their way of destroying them in their mats," he adds, "is by making a fire, on which, having thrown a quantity of green bushes, they spread the mat over the whole, when the steam from the leaves compels the vermin to retreat to the surface: these the women are very active in catching on such occasions with both hands, and devouring greedily.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading All the natives, Rutherford states, are overrun with vermin, which lodge not only in their heads, but in their mats.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading "Their way of destroying them in their mats," he adds, "is by making a fire, on which, having thrown a quantity of green bushes, they spread the mat over the whole, when the steam from the leaves compels the vermin to retreat to the surface: these the women are very active in catching on such occasions with both hands, and devouring greedily.

catchingnounUS /ˈkætʃɪŋ/

(baseball) playing the position of catcher on a baseball team

From this reading "Their way of destroying them in their mats," he adds, "is by making a fire, on which, having thrown a quantity of green bushes, they spread the mat over the whole, when the steam from the leaves compels the vermin to retreat to the surface: these the women are very active in catching on such occasions with both hands, and devouring greedily.

circumstancenounUS /ˈsɜːrkəmstæns/

a condition that accompanies or influences some event or activity

From this reading He mentions particularly their extreme inattention to personal cleanliness, a circumstance which very much surprised Nicholas, as it seemed to present an unaccountable contrast to the neatness and order which were usually to be found both in their plantations and huts.

cleanlinessnounUS /ˈklenlinɪs/

the habit of keeping free of superficial imperfections

From this reading He mentions particularly their extreme inattention to personal cleanliness, a circumstance which very much surprised Nicholas, as it seemed to present an unaccountable contrast to the neatness and order which were usually to be found both in their plantations and huts.

compelsverbUS /kəmˈpelz/

third-person singular of “compel” — force somebody to do something

From this reading "Their way of destroying them in their mats," he adds, "is by making a fire, on which, having thrown a quantity of green bushes, they spread the mat over the whole, when the steam from the leaves compels the vermin to retreat to the surface: these the women are very active in catching on such occasions with both hands, and devouring greedily.

contrastnounUS /ˈkɑːntræst/

the opposition or dissimilarity of things that are compared

From this reading He mentions particularly their extreme inattention to personal cleanliness, a circumstance which very much surprised Nicholas, as it seemed to present an unaccountable contrast to the neatness and order which were usually to be found both in their plantations and huts.

corroboratesverbUS /kərˈɔːbəreɪts/

third-person singular of “corroborate” — establish or strengthen as with new evidence or facts

From this reading With regard to many of the other habits of the New Zealanders, Rutherford in general corroborates the testimony of other travellers.

destroyingverbUS /dɪˈstrɔɪɪŋ/

-ing form of “destroy” — do away with, cause the destruction or undoing of

From this reading "Their way of destroying them in their mats," he adds, "is by making a fire, on which, having thrown a quantity of green bushes, they spread the mat over the whole, when the steam from the leaves compels the vermin to retreat to the surface: these the women are very active in catching on such occasions with both hands, and devouring greedily.

devouringadjectiveUS /dɪˈvaʊərɪŋ/

(often followed by “for”) ardently or excessively desirous

From this reading "Their way of destroying them in their mats," he adds, "is by making a fire, on which, having thrown a quantity of green bushes, they spread the mat over the whole, when the steam from the leaves compels the vermin to retreat to the surface: these the women are very active in catching on such occasions with both hands, and devouring greedily.

extremeadjectiveUS /ekˈstriːm/

of the greatest possible degree or extent or intensity

From this reading He mentions particularly their extreme inattention to personal cleanliness, a circumstance which very much surprised Nicholas, as it seemed to present an unaccountable contrast to the neatness and order which were usually to be found both in their plantations and huts.

fireverbUS /ˈfaɪər/

start firing a weapon

From this reading "Their way of destroying them in their mats," he adds, "is by making a fire, on which, having thrown a quantity of green bushes, they spread the mat over the whole, when the steam from the leaves compels the vermin to retreat to the surface: these the women are very active in catching on such occasions with both hands, and devouring greedily.

foundverbUS /faʊnd/

set up or found

From this reading He mentions particularly their extreme inattention to personal cleanliness, a circumstance which very much surprised Nicholas, as it seemed to present an unaccountable contrast to the neatness and order which were usually to be found both in their plantations and huts.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading "Their way of destroying them in their mats," he adds, "is by making a fire, on which, having thrown a quantity of green bushes, they spread the mat over the whole, when the steam from the leaves compels the vermin to retreat to the surface: these the women are very active in catching on such occasions with both hands, and devouring greedily.

generaladjectiveUS /ˈdʒenərəl/

applying to all or most members of a category or group

From this reading With regard to many of the other habits of the New Zealanders, Rutherford in general corroborates the testimony of other travellers.

greedilyadverbUS /ˈɡriːdəli/

in a greedy manner

From this reading "Their way of destroying them in their mats," he adds, "is by making a fire, on which, having thrown a quantity of green bushes, they spread the mat over the whole, when the steam from the leaves compels the vermin to retreat to the surface: these the women are very active in catching on such occasions with both hands, and devouring greedily.

greennounUS /ɡriːn/

green color or pigment; resembling the color of growing grass

From this reading "Their way of destroying them in their mats," he adds, "is by making a fire, on which, having thrown a quantity of green bushes, they spread the mat over the whole, when the steam from the leaves compels the vermin to retreat to the surface: these the women are very active in catching on such occasions with both hands, and devouring greedily.

habitsnounUS /ˈhæbəts/

plural of “habit” — an established custom

From this reading With regard to many of the other habits of the New Zealanders, Rutherford in general corroborates the testimony of other travellers.

handsnounUS /hændz/

(with “in”) guardianship over; in divorce cases it is the right to house and care for and discipline a child

From this reading "Their way of destroying them in their mats," he adds, "is by making a fire, on which, having thrown a quantity of green bushes, they spread the mat over the whole, when the steam from the leaves compels the vermin to retreat to the surface: these the women are very active in catching on such occasions with both hands, and devouring greedily.

havingauxiliary verbUS /ˈhævɪŋ/

the -ing form of “have”

From this reading "Their way of destroying them in their mats," he adds, "is by making a fire, on which, having thrown a quantity of green bushes, they spread the mat over the whole, when the steam from the leaves compels the vermin to retreat to the surface: these the women are very active in catching on such occasions with both hands, and devouring greedily.

HepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading He mentions particularly their extreme inattention to personal cleanliness, a circumstance which very much surprised Nicholas, as it seemed to present an unaccountable contrast to the neatness and order which were usually to be found both in their plantations and huts.

headsnounUS /hedz/

plural of “head” — the upper part of the human body or the front part of the body in animals; contains the face and brains

From this reading All the natives, Rutherford states, are overrun with vermin, which lodge not only in their heads, but in their mats.

hutsnounUS /hʌts/

plural of “hut” — temporary military shelter

From this reading He mentions particularly their extreme inattention to personal cleanliness, a circumstance which very much surprised Nicholas, as it seemed to present an unaccountable contrast to the neatness and order which were usually to be found both in their plantations and huts.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading With regard to many of the other habits of the New Zealanders, Rutherford in general corroborates the testimony of other travellers.

inattentionnounUS /ˌɪnəˈtentʃən/

lack of attention

From this reading He mentions particularly their extreme inattention to personal cleanliness, a circumstance which very much surprised Nicholas, as it seemed to present an unaccountable contrast to the neatness and order which were usually to be found both in their plantations and huts.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading "Their way of destroying them in their mats," he adds, "is by making a fire, on which, having thrown a quantity of green bushes, they spread the mat over the whole, when the steam from the leaves compels the vermin to retreat to the surface: these the women are very active in catching on such occasions with both hands, and devouring greedily.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading He mentions particularly their extreme inattention to personal cleanliness, a circumstance which very much surprised Nicholas, as it seemed to present an unaccountable contrast to the neatness and order which were usually to be found both in their plantations and huts.

leavesnounUS /liːvz/

plural of “leaf” — the main organ of photosynthesis and transpiration in higher plants

From this reading "Their way of destroying them in their mats," he adds, "is by making a fire, on which, having thrown a quantity of green bushes, they spread the mat over the whole, when the steam from the leaves compels the vermin to retreat to the surface: these the women are very active in catching on such occasions with both hands, and devouring greedily.

lodgeverbUS /lɑːdʒ/

be a lodger; stay temporarily

From this reading All the natives, Rutherford states, are overrun with vermin, which lodge not only in their heads, but in their mats.

makingnounUS /ˈmeɪkɪŋ/

the act that results in something coming to be

From this reading "Their way of destroying them in their mats," he adds, "is by making a fire, on which, having thrown a quantity of green bushes, they spread the mat over the whole, when the steam from the leaves compels the vermin to retreat to the surface: these the women are very active in catching on such occasions with both hands, and devouring greedily.

manyadjectiveUS /ˈmeni/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “as” or “too” or “so” or “that”; amounting to a large but indefinite number

From this reading With regard to many of the other habits of the New Zealanders, Rutherford in general corroborates the testimony of other travellers.

matnounUS /mæt/

a thick flat pad used as a floor covering

From this reading "Their way of destroying them in their mats," he adds, "is by making a fire, on which, having thrown a quantity of green bushes, they spread the mat over the whole, when the steam from the leaves compels the vermin to retreat to the surface: these the women are very active in catching on such occasions with both hands, and devouring greedily.

matsnounUS /mæts/

plural of “mat” — a thick flat pad used as a floor covering

From this reading All the natives, Rutherford states, are overrun with vermin, which lodge not only in their heads, but in their mats.

mentionsnounUS /ˈmenʃənz/

plural of “mention” — a remark that calls attention to something or someone

From this reading He mentions particularly their extreme inattention to personal cleanliness, a circumstance which very much surprised Nicholas, as it seemed to present an unaccountable contrast to the neatness and order which were usually to be found both in their plantations and huts.

muchadverbUS /mʌtʃ/

to a great degree or extent

From this reading He mentions particularly their extreme inattention to personal cleanliness, a circumstance which very much surprised Nicholas, as it seemed to present an unaccountable contrast to the neatness and order which were usually to be found both in their plantations and huts.

nativesnounUS /ˈneɪtɪvz/

plural of “native” — an indigenous person who was born in a particular place

From this reading All the natives, Rutherford states, are overrun with vermin, which lodge not only in their heads, but in their mats.

neatnessnounUS /ˈniːtnəs/

the state of being neat and smart and trim

From this reading He mentions particularly their extreme inattention to personal cleanliness, a circumstance which very much surprised Nicholas, as it seemed to present an unaccountable contrast to the neatness and order which were usually to be found both in their plantations and huts.

NewadjectiveUS /nuː/

not of long duration; having just (or relatively recently) come into being or been made or acquired or discovered

From this reading With regard to many of the other habits of the New Zealanders, Rutherford in general corroborates the testimony of other travellers.

NicholasnounUS /ˈnɪkələs/

a bishop in Asia Minor who is associated with Santa Claus (4th century)

From this reading He mentions particularly their extreme inattention to personal cleanliness, a circumstance which very much surprised Nicholas, as it seemed to present an unaccountable contrast to the neatness and order which were usually to be found both in their plantations and huts.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading All the natives, Rutherford states, are overrun with vermin, which lodge not only in their heads, but in their mats.

occasionsnounUS /əˈkeɪʒənz/

something you have to do

From this reading "Their way of destroying them in their mats," he adds, "is by making a fire, on which, having thrown a quantity of green bushes, they spread the mat over the whole, when the steam from the leaves compels the vermin to retreat to the surface: these the women are very active in catching on such occasions with both hands, and devouring greedily.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading With regard to many of the other habits of the New Zealanders, Rutherford in general corroborates the testimony of other travellers.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading "Their way of destroying them in their mats," he adds, "is by making a fire, on which, having thrown a quantity of green bushes, they spread the mat over the whole, when the steam from the leaves compels the vermin to retreat to the surface: these the women are very active in catching on such occasions with both hands, and devouring greedily.

onlyadverbUS /ˈoʊnli/

and nothing more

From this reading All the natives, Rutherford states, are overrun with vermin, which lodge not only in their heads, but in their mats.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading Sometimes two or three will be catching them at the same mat."

ordernounUS /ˈɔːrdər/

(often plural) a command given by a superior (e.g., a military or law enforcement officer) that must be obeyed

From this reading He mentions particularly their extreme inattention to personal cleanliness, a circumstance which very much surprised Nicholas, as it seemed to present an unaccountable contrast to the neatness and order which were usually to be found both in their plantations and huts.

otheradjectiveUS /ˈʌðər/

not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied

From this reading With regard to many of the other habits of the New Zealanders, Rutherford in general corroborates the testimony of other travellers.

overprepositionUS /ˈoʊvər/

above and across; more than

From this reading "Their way of destroying them in their mats," he adds, "is by making a fire, on which, having thrown a quantity of green bushes, they spread the mat over the whole, when the steam from the leaves compels the vermin to retreat to the surface: these the women are very active in catching on such occasions with both hands, and devouring greedily.

overrunverbUS /ˈoʊvərrʌn/

invade in great numbers

From this reading All the natives, Rutherford states, are overrun with vermin, which lodge not only in their heads, but in their mats.

particularlyadverbUS /ˌpɑːrˈtɪkjələrli/

to a distinctly greater extent or degree than is common

From this reading He mentions particularly their extreme inattention to personal cleanliness, a circumstance which very much surprised Nicholas, as it seemed to present an unaccountable contrast to the neatness and order which were usually to be found both in their plantations and huts.

personaladjectiveUS /ˈpɜːrsɪnəl/

concerning or affecting a particular person or his or her private life and personality

From this reading He mentions particularly their extreme inattention to personal cleanliness, a circumstance which very much surprised Nicholas, as it seemed to present an unaccountable contrast to the neatness and order which were usually to be found both in their plantations and huts.

plantationsnounUS /ˌplænˈteɪʃənz/

plural of “plantation” — an estate where cash crops are grown on a large scale (especially in tropical areas)

From this reading He mentions particularly their extreme inattention to personal cleanliness, a circumstance which very much surprised Nicholas, as it seemed to present an unaccountable contrast to the neatness and order which were usually to be found both in their plantations and huts.

presentverbUS /ˈprezənt/

give an exhibition of to an interested audience

From this reading He mentions particularly their extreme inattention to personal cleanliness, a circumstance which very much surprised Nicholas, as it seemed to present an unaccountable contrast to the neatness and order which were usually to be found both in their plantations and huts.

quantitynounUS /ˈkwɑːntəti/

how much there is or how many there are of something that you can quantify

From this reading "Their way of destroying them in their mats," he adds, "is by making a fire, on which, having thrown a quantity of green bushes, they spread the mat over the whole, when the steam from the leaves compels the vermin to retreat to the surface: these the women are very active in catching on such occasions with both hands, and devouring greedily.

regardnounUS /rɪˈɡɑːrd/

(usually preceded by “in”) a detail or point

From this reading With regard to many of the other habits of the New Zealanders, Rutherford in general corroborates the testimony of other travellers.

retreatnounUS /riˈtriːt/

(military) withdrawal of troops to a more favorable position to escape the enemy's superior forces or after a defeat

From this reading "Their way of destroying them in their mats," he adds, "is by making a fire, on which, having thrown a quantity of green bushes, they spread the mat over the whole, when the steam from the leaves compels the vermin to retreat to the surface: these the women are very active in catching on such occasions with both hands, and devouring greedily.

RutherfordnounUS /ˈrʌθərfərd/

a unit strength of a radioactive source equal to one million disintegrations per second

From this reading With regard to many of the other habits of the New Zealanders, Rutherford in general corroborates the testimony of other travellers.

sameadjectiveUS /seɪm/

Identical; not different.

From this reading Sometimes two or three will be catching them at the same mat."

seemedverbUS /siːmd/

past form of “seem” — give a certain impression or have a certain outward aspect

From this reading He mentions particularly their extreme inattention to personal cleanliness, a circumstance which very much surprised Nicholas, as it seemed to present an unaccountable contrast to the neatness and order which were usually to be found both in their plantations and huts.

SometimesadverbUS /səmˈtaɪmz/

on certain occasions or in certain cases but not always

From this reading Sometimes two or three will be catching them at the same mat."

spreadverbUS /spred/

distribute or disperse widely

From this reading "Their way of destroying them in their mats," he adds, "is by making a fire, on which, having thrown a quantity of green bushes, they spread the mat over the whole, when the steam from the leaves compels the vermin to retreat to the surface: these the women are very active in catching on such occasions with both hands, and devouring greedily.

statesnounUS /steɪts/

plural of “state” — the territory occupied by one of the constituent administrative districts of a nation

From this reading All the natives, Rutherford states, are overrun with vermin, which lodge not only in their heads, but in their mats.

steamverbUS /stiːm/

travel by means of steam power

From this reading "Their way of destroying them in their mats," he adds, "is by making a fire, on which, having thrown a quantity of green bushes, they spread the mat over the whole, when the steam from the leaves compels the vermin to retreat to the surface: these the women are very active in catching on such occasions with both hands, and devouring greedily.

suchdeterminerUS /sʌtʃ/

of the kind already mentioned

From this reading "Their way of destroying them in their mats," he adds, "is by making a fire, on which, having thrown a quantity of green bushes, they spread the mat over the whole, when the steam from the leaves compels the vermin to retreat to the surface: these the women are very active in catching on such occasions with both hands, and devouring greedily.

surfacenounUS /ˈsɜːrfəs/

the outer boundary of an artifact or a material layer constituting or resembling such a boundary

From this reading "Their way of destroying them in their mats," he adds, "is by making a fire, on which, having thrown a quantity of green bushes, they spread the mat over the whole, when the steam from the leaves compels the vermin to retreat to the surface: these the women are very active in catching on such occasions with both hands, and devouring greedily.

surprisedadjectiveUS /sərˈpraɪzd/

taken unawares or suddenly and feeling wonder or astonishment

From this reading He mentions particularly their extreme inattention to personal cleanliness, a circumstance which very much surprised Nicholas, as it seemed to present an unaccountable contrast to the neatness and order which were usually to be found both in their plantations and huts.

testimonynounUS /ˈtestəmoʊni/

a solemn statement made under oath

From this reading With regard to many of the other habits of the New Zealanders, Rutherford in general corroborates the testimony of other travellers.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading With regard to many of the other habits of the New Zealanders, Rutherford in general corroborates the testimony of other travellers.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading He mentions particularly their extreme inattention to personal cleanliness, a circumstance which very much surprised Nicholas, as it seemed to present an unaccountable contrast to the neatness and order which were usually to be found both in their plantations and huts.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading "Their way of destroying them in their mats," he adds, "is by making a fire, on which, having thrown a quantity of green bushes, they spread the mat over the whole, when the steam from the leaves compels the vermin to retreat to the surface: these the women are very active in catching on such occasions with both hands, and devouring greedily.

thesedeterminerUS /ðiːz/

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading "Their way of destroying them in their mats," he adds, "is by making a fire, on which, having thrown a quantity of green bushes, they spread the mat over the whole, when the steam from the leaves compels the vermin to retreat to the surface: these the women are very active in catching on such occasions with both hands, and devouring greedily.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading "Their way of destroying them in their mats," he adds, "is by making a fire, on which, having thrown a quantity of green bushes, they spread the mat over the whole, when the steam from the leaves compels the vermin to retreat to the surface: these the women are very active in catching on such occasions with both hands, and devouring greedily.

threenounUS /θriː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one and one

From this reading Sometimes two or three will be catching them at the same mat."

thrownadjectiveUS /θroʊn/

caused to fall to the ground

From this reading "Their way of destroying them in their mats," he adds, "is by making a fire, on which, having thrown a quantity of green bushes, they spread the mat over the whole, when the steam from the leaves compels the vermin to retreat to the surface: these the women are very active in catching on such occasions with both hands, and devouring greedily.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading With regard to many of the other habits of the New Zealanders, Rutherford in general corroborates the testimony of other travellers.

travellersnounUS /ˈtrævələrz/

plural of “traveller” — a person who changes location

From this reading With regard to many of the other habits of the New Zealanders, Rutherford in general corroborates the testimony of other travellers.

twonounUS /tuː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one or a numeral representing this number

From this reading Sometimes two or three will be catching them at the same mat."

unaccountableadjectiveUS /ˌʌnəˈkaʊntəbəl/

not to be accounted for or explained

From this reading He mentions particularly their extreme inattention to personal cleanliness, a circumstance which very much surprised Nicholas, as it seemed to present an unaccountable contrast to the neatness and order which were usually to be found both in their plantations and huts.

usuallyadverbUS /ˈjuːʒəwəli/

under normal conditions

From this reading He mentions particularly their extreme inattention to personal cleanliness, a circumstance which very much surprised Nicholas, as it seemed to present an unaccountable contrast to the neatness and order which were usually to be found both in their plantations and huts.

verminnounUS /ˈvɜːrmɪn/

an irritating or obnoxious person

From this reading All the natives, Rutherford states, are overrun with vermin, which lodge not only in their heads, but in their mats.

veryadjectiveUS /ˈveri/

precisely as stated

From this reading He mentions particularly their extreme inattention to personal cleanliness, a circumstance which very much surprised Nicholas, as it seemed to present an unaccountable contrast to the neatness and order which were usually to be found both in their plantations and huts.

waynounUS /weɪ/

how something is done or how it happens

From this reading "Their way of destroying them in their mats," he adds, "is by making a fire, on which, having thrown a quantity of green bushes, they spread the mat over the whole, when the steam from the leaves compels the vermin to retreat to the surface: these the women are very active in catching on such occasions with both hands, and devouring greedily.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading He mentions particularly their extreme inattention to personal cleanliness, a circumstance which very much surprised Nicholas, as it seemed to present an unaccountable contrast to the neatness and order which were usually to be found both in their plantations and huts.

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading "Their way of destroying them in their mats," he adds, "is by making a fire, on which, having thrown a quantity of green bushes, they spread the mat over the whole, when the steam from the leaves compels the vermin to retreat to the surface: these the women are very active in catching on such occasions with both hands, and devouring greedily.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading He mentions particularly their extreme inattention to personal cleanliness, a circumstance which very much surprised Nicholas, as it seemed to present an unaccountable contrast to the neatness and order which were usually to be found both in their plantations and huts.

wholeadjectiveUS /hoʊl/

including all components without exception; being one unit or constituting the full amount or extent or duration; complete

From this reading "Their way of destroying them in their mats," he adds, "is by making a fire, on which, having thrown a quantity of green bushes, they spread the mat over the whole, when the steam from the leaves compels the vermin to retreat to the surface: these the women are very active in catching on such occasions with both hands, and devouring greedily.

willmodal verbUS /wɪl/

used to talk about the future, or about willingness

From this reading Sometimes two or three will be catching them at the same mat."

WithprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading With regard to many of the other habits of the New Zealanders, Rutherford in general corroborates the testimony of other travellers.

womennounUS /ˈwɪmən/

plural of “woman” — an adult female person (as opposed to a man)

From this reading "Their way of destroying them in their mats," he adds, "is by making a fire, on which, having thrown a quantity of green bushes, they spread the mat over the whole, when the steam from the leaves compels the vermin to retreat to the surface: these the women are very active in catching on such occasions with both hands, and devouring greedily.

ZealandersnounUS /ˈziːləndərz/

plural of “zealander” — a native or inhabitant of Zealand

From this reading With regard to many of the other habits of the New Zealanders, Rutherford in general corroborates the testimony of other travellers.

Chapter 9 of John Rutherford, the White Chief by George L. (George Lillie) Craik holds 135 sentences, grouped into 27 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

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Chapter 9 holds 135 sentences of John Rutherford, the White Chief, unabridged, divided into 27 reading sections.

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