Chapter XI · Chapter 11

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading At Lockhaven the river had been frozen over for a month, even above the bridge and the mills, where the current was swiftest.

on the subject of; concerning

From this reading Long lines of sawdust, which had been coiling and whirling in the eddies, or stretching across the black seething water, were caught in the ice, or blown about with the powdered snow over its surface.

higher than, or over, something

From this reading At Lockhaven the river had been frozen over for a month, even above the bridge and the mills, where the current was swiftest.

from one side of something to the other

From this reading Long lines of sawdust, which had been coiling and whirling in the eddies, or stretching across the black seething water, were caught in the ice, or blown about with the powdered snow over its surface.

touching and pressing; in opposition to

From this reading The cold, still air was sweet with the fragrance of fresh pine boards, and the ground about the mills was covered with sawdust, so that footsteps fell as silently as though on velvet, instead of ringing sharp against the frozen ground.

a mixture of gases (especially oxygen) required for breathing; the stuff that the wind consists of

From this reading The cold, still air was sweet with the fragrance of fresh pine boards, and the ground about the mills was covered with sawdust, so that footsteps fell as silently as though on velvet, instead of ringing sharp against the frozen ground.

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading The cold that winter was more persistent and severe in the mountains than down in Ashurst.

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading Rafts could not come down the river, so the mills had no work to do, for the logs on hand at the beginning of the cold snap had been sawed into long rough planks, and piled in the lumber-yards, ready to be rafted as soon as the thaw came.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The cold that winter was more persistent and severe in the mountains than down in Ashurst.

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading At Lockhaven the river had been frozen over for a month, even above the bridge and the mills, where the current was swiftest.

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading Rafts could not come down the river, so the mills had no work to do, for the logs on hand at the beginning of the cold snap had been sawed into long rough planks, and piled in the lumber-yards, ready to be rafted as soon as the thaw came.

the past participle of “be”

From this reading At Lockhaven the river had been frozen over for a month, even above the bridge and the mills, where the current was swiftest.

the event consisting of the start of something

From this reading Rafts could not come down the river, so the mills had no work to do, for the logs on hand at the beginning of the cold snap had been sawed into long rough planks, and piled in the lumber-yards, ready to be rafted as soon as the thaw came.

being of the achromatic color of maximum darkness; having little or no hue owing to absorption of almost all incident light

From this reading Long lines of sawdust, which had been coiling and whirling in the eddies, or stretching across the black seething water, were caught in the ice, or blown about with the powdered snow over its surface.

being moved or acted upon by moving air or vapor

From this reading Long lines of sawdust, which had been coiling and whirling in the eddies, or stretching across the black seething water, were caught in the ice, or blown about with the powdered snow over its surface.

(used in the plural) the stage of a theater

From this reading The cold, still air was sweet with the fragrance of fresh pine boards, and the ground about the mills was covered with sawdust, so that footsteps fell as silently as though on velvet, instead of ringing sharp against the frozen ground.

a structure that allows people or vehicles to cross an obstacle such as a river or canal or railway etc.

From this reading At Lockhaven the river had been frozen over for a month, even above the bridge and the mills, where the current was swiftest.

inflected form of “come” — move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody

From this reading Rafts could not come down the river, so the mills had no work to do, for the logs on hand at the beginning of the cold snap had been sawed into long rough planks, and piled in the lumber-yards, ready to be rafted as soon as the thaw came.

inflected form of “catch” — discover or come upon accidentally, suddenly, or unexpectedly; catch somebody doing something or in a certain state

From this reading Long lines of sawdust, which had been coiling and whirling in the eddies, or stretching across the black seething water, were caught in the ice, or blown about with the powdered snow over its surface.

in the shape of a coil

From this reading Long lines of sawdust, which had been coiling and whirling in the eddies, or stretching across the black seething water, were caught in the ice, or blown about with the powdered snow over its surface.

having a low or inadequate temperature or feeling a sensation of coldness or having been made cold by e.g. ice or refrigeration

From this reading The cold that winter was more persistent and severe in the mountains than down in Ashurst.

move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody

From this reading Rafts could not come down the river, so the mills had no work to do, for the logs on hand at the beginning of the cold snap had been sawed into long rough planks, and piled in the lumber-yards, ready to be rafted as soon as the thaw came.

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading Rafts could not come down the river, so the mills had no work to do, for the logs on hand at the beginning of the cold snap had been sawed into long rough planks, and piled in the lumber-yards, ready to be rafted as soon as the thaw came.

overlaid or spread or topped with or enclosed within something; sometimes used as a combining form

From this reading The cold, still air was sweet with the fragrance of fresh pine boards, and the ground about the mills was covered with sawdust, so that footsteps fell as silently as though on velvet, instead of ringing sharp against the frozen ground.

a flow of electricity through a conductor

From this reading At Lockhaven the river had been frozen over for a month, even above the bridge and the mills, where the current was swiftest.

used to form questions and negatives, and to give emphasis

From this reading Rafts could not come down the river, so the mills had no work to do, for the logs on hand at the beginning of the cold snap had been sawed into long rough planks, and piled in the lumber-yards, ready to be rafted as soon as the thaw came.

being or moving lower in position or less in some value

From this reading The cold that winter was more persistent and severe in the mountains than down in Ashurst.

plural of “eddy” — founder of Christian Science in 1866 (1821-1910)

From this reading Long lines of sawdust, which had been coiling and whirling in the eddies, or stretching across the black seething water, were caught in the ice, or blown about with the powdered snow over its surface.

divisible by two

From this reading At Lockhaven the river had been frozen over for a month, even above the bridge and the mills, where the current was swiftest.

cause to fall by or as if by delivering a blow

From this reading The cold, still air was sweet with the fragrance of fresh pine boards, and the ground about the mills was covered with sawdust, so that footsteps fell as silently as though on velvet, instead of ringing sharp against the frozen ground.

plural of “footstep” — the sound of a step of someone walking

From this reading The cold, still air was sweet with the fragrance of fresh pine boards, and the ground about the mills was covered with sawdust, so that footsteps fell as silently as though on velvet, instead of ringing sharp against the frozen ground.

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading At Lockhaven the river had been frozen over for a month, even above the bridge and the mills, where the current was swiftest.

a distinctive odor that is pleasant

From this reading The cold, still air was sweet with the fragrance of fresh pine boards, and the ground about the mills was covered with sawdust, so that footsteps fell as silently as though on velvet, instead of ringing sharp against the frozen ground.

recently made, produced, or harvested

From this reading The cold, still air was sweet with the fragrance of fresh pine boards, and the ground about the mills was covered with sawdust, so that footsteps fell as silently as though on velvet, instead of ringing sharp against the frozen ground.

turned into ice; affected by freezing or by long and severe cold

From this reading At Lockhaven the river had been frozen over for a month, even above the bridge and the mills, where the current was swiftest.

the solid part of the earth's surface

From this reading The cold, still air was sweet with the fragrance of fresh pine boards, and the ground about the mills was covered with sawdust, so that footsteps fell as silently as though on velvet, instead of ringing sharp against the frozen ground.

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading At Lockhaven the river had been frozen over for a month, even above the bridge and the mills, where the current was swiftest.

the (prehensile) extremity of the superior limb

From this reading Rafts could not come down the river, so the mills had no work to do, for the logs on hand at the beginning of the cold snap had been sawed into long rough planks, and piled in the lumber-yards, ready to be rafted as soon as the thaw came.

water frozen in the solid state

From this reading Long lines of sawdust, which had been coiling and whirling in the eddies, or stretching across the black seething water, were caught in the ice, or blown about with the powdered snow over its surface.

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading The cold that winter was more persistent and severe in the mountains than down in Ashurst.

in place of, or as an alternative to

From this reading The cold, still air was sweet with the fragrance of fresh pine boards, and the ground about the mills was covered with sawdust, so that footsteps fell as silently as though on velvet, instead of ringing sharp against the frozen ground.

moving to the inside of something

From this reading Rafts could not come down the river, so the mills had no work to do, for the logs on hand at the beginning of the cold snap had been sawed into long rough planks, and piled in the lumber-yards, ready to be rafted as soon as the thaw came.

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading Long lines of sawdust, which had been coiling and whirling in the eddies, or stretching across the black seething water, were caught in the ice, or blown about with the powdered snow over its surface.

plural of “line” — a formation of people or things one beside another

From this reading Long lines of sawdust, which had been coiling and whirling in the eddies, or stretching across the black seething water, were caught in the ice, or blown about with the powdered snow over its surface.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading At Lockhaven the river had been frozen over for a month, even above the bridge and the mills, where the current was swiftest.

plural of “log” — a segment of the trunk of a tree when stripped of branches

From this reading Rafts could not come down the river, so the mills had no work to do, for the logs on hand at the beginning of the cold snap had been sawed into long rough planks, and piled in the lumber-yards, ready to be rafted as soon as the thaw came.

primarily temporal sense; being or indicating a relatively great or greater than average duration or passage of time or a duration as specified

From this reading Long lines of sawdust, which had been coiling and whirling in the eddies, or stretching across the black seething water, were caught in the ice, or blown about with the powdered snow over its surface.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Rafts could not come down the river, so the mills had no work to do, for the logs on hand at the beginning of the cold snap had been sawed into long rough planks, and piled in the lumber-yards, ready to be rafted as soon as the thaw came.

United States architect who was the presidentially appointed architect of Washington D.C. (1781-1855)

From this reading At Lockhaven the river had been frozen over for a month, even above the bridge and the mills, where the current was swiftest.

one of the twelve divisions of the calendar year

From this reading At Lockhaven the river had been frozen over for a month, even above the bridge and the mills, where the current was swiftest.

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading The cold that winter was more persistent and severe in the mountains than down in Ashurst.

plural of “mountain” — a land mass that projects well above its surroundings; higher than a hill

From this reading The cold that winter was more persistent and severe in the mountains than down in Ashurst.

not any; not one

From this reading Rafts could not come down the river, so the mills had no work to do, for the logs on hand at the beginning of the cold snap had been sawed into long rough planks, and piled in the lumber-yards, ready to be rafted as soon as the thaw came.

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading Rafts could not come down the river, so the mills had no work to do, for the logs on hand at the beginning of the cold snap had been sawed into long rough planks, and piled in the lumber-yards, ready to be rafted as soon as the thaw came.

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Long lines of sawdust, which had been coiling and whirling in the eddies, or stretching across the black seething water, were caught in the ice, or blown about with the powdered snow over its surface.

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading Rafts could not come down the river, so the mills had no work to do, for the logs on hand at the beginning of the cold snap had been sawed into long rough planks, and piled in the lumber-yards, ready to be rafted as soon as the thaw came.

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading Long lines of sawdust, which had been coiling and whirling in the eddies, or stretching across the black seething water, were caught in the ice, or blown about with the powdered snow over its surface.

above and across; more than

From this reading At Lockhaven the river had been frozen over for a month, even above the bridge and the mills, where the current was swiftest.

never-ceasing

From this reading The cold that winter was more persistent and severe in the mountains than down in Ashurst.

past form of “pile” — arrange in stacks

From this reading Rafts could not come down the river, so the mills had no work to do, for the logs on hand at the beginning of the cold snap had been sawed into long rough planks, and piled in the lumber-yards, ready to be rafted as soon as the thaw came.

a coniferous tree

From this reading The cold, still air was sweet with the fragrance of fresh pine boards, and the ground about the mills was covered with sawdust, so that footsteps fell as silently as though on velvet, instead of ringing sharp against the frozen ground.

plural of “plank” — a stout length of sawn timber; made in a wide variety of sizes and used for many purposes

From this reading Rafts could not come down the river, so the mills had no work to do, for the logs on hand at the beginning of the cold snap had been sawed into long rough planks, and piled in the lumber-yards, ready to be rafted as soon as the thaw came.

consisting of fine particles

From this reading Long lines of sawdust, which had been coiling and whirling in the eddies, or stretching across the black seething water, were caught in the ice, or blown about with the powdered snow over its surface.

past form of “raft” — transport on a raft

From this reading Rafts could not come down the river, so the mills had no work to do, for the logs on hand at the beginning of the cold snap had been sawed into long rough planks, and piled in the lumber-yards, ready to be rafted as soon as the thaw came.

a large number or amount

From this reading Rafts could not come down the river, so the mills had no work to do, for the logs on hand at the beginning of the cold snap had been sawed into long rough planks, and piled in the lumber-yards, ready to be rafted as soon as the thaw came.

completely prepared or in condition for immediate action or use or progress

From this reading Rafts could not come down the river, so the mills had no work to do, for the logs on hand at the beginning of the cold snap had been sawed into long rough planks, and piled in the lumber-yards, ready to be rafted as soon as the thaw came.

the sound of a bell ringing

From this reading The cold, still air was sweet with the fragrance of fresh pine boards, and the ground about the mills was covered with sawdust, so that footsteps fell as silently as though on velvet, instead of ringing sharp against the frozen ground.

a large natural stream of water (larger than a creek)

From this reading At Lockhaven the river had been frozen over for a month, even above the bridge and the mills, where the current was swiftest.

having or caused by an irregular surface

From this reading Rafts could not come down the river, so the mills had no work to do, for the logs on hand at the beginning of the cold snap had been sawed into long rough planks, and piled in the lumber-yards, ready to be rafted as soon as the thaw came.

fine particles of wood made by sawing wood

From this reading Long lines of sawdust, which had been coiling and whirling in the eddies, or stretching across the black seething water, were caught in the ice, or blown about with the powdered snow over its surface.

past form of “saw” — cut with a saw

From this reading Rafts could not come down the river, so the mills had no work to do, for the logs on hand at the beginning of the cold snap had been sawed into long rough planks, and piled in the lumber-yards, ready to be rafted as soon as the thaw came.

in constant agitation

From this reading Long lines of sawdust, which had been coiling and whirling in the eddies, or stretching across the black seething water, were caught in the ice, or blown about with the powdered snow over its surface.

intensely or extremely bad or unpleasant in degree or quality

From this reading The cold that winter was more persistent and severe in the mountains than down in Ashurst.

(of something seen or heard) clearly defined

From this reading The cold, still air was sweet with the fragrance of fresh pine boards, and the ground about the mills was covered with sawdust, so that footsteps fell as silently as though on velvet, instead of ringing sharp against the frozen ground.

without speaking

From this reading The cold, still air was sweet with the fragrance of fresh pine boards, and the ground about the mills was covered with sawdust, so that footsteps fell as silently as though on velvet, instead of ringing sharp against the frozen ground.

utter in an angry, sharp, or abrupt tone

From this reading Rafts could not come down the river, so the mills had no work to do, for the logs on hand at the beginning of the cold snap had been sawed into long rough planks, and piled in the lumber-yards, ready to be rafted as soon as the thaw came.

precipitation falling from clouds in the form of ice crystals

From this reading Long lines of sawdust, which had been coiling and whirling in the eddies, or stretching across the black seething water, were caught in the ice, or blown about with the powdered snow over its surface.

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading Rafts could not come down the river, so the mills had no work to do, for the logs on hand at the beginning of the cold snap had been sawed into long rough planks, and piled in the lumber-yards, ready to be rafted as soon as the thaw came.

in the near future

From this reading Rafts could not come down the river, so the mills had no work to do, for the logs on hand at the beginning of the cold snap had been sawed into long rough planks, and piled in the lumber-yards, ready to be rafted as soon as the thaw came.

not in physical motion

From this reading The cold, still air was sweet with the fragrance of fresh pine boards, and the ground about the mills was covered with sawdust, so that footsteps fell as silently as though on velvet, instead of ringing sharp against the frozen ground.

act of expanding by lengthening or widening

From this reading Long lines of sawdust, which had been coiling and whirling in the eddies, or stretching across the black seething water, were caught in the ice, or blown about with the powdered snow over its surface.

the outer boundary of an artifact or a material layer constituting or resembling such a boundary

From this reading Long lines of sawdust, which had been coiling and whirling in the eddies, or stretching across the black seething water, were caught in the ice, or blown about with the powdered snow over its surface.

having or denoting the characteristic taste of sugar

From this reading The cold, still air was sweet with the fragrance of fresh pine boards, and the ground about the mills was covered with sawdust, so that footsteps fell as silently as though on velvet, instead of ringing sharp against the frozen ground.

superlative of “swift” — moving very fast

From this reading At Lockhaven the river had been frozen over for a month, even above the bridge and the mills, where the current was swiftest.

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading The cold that winter was more persistent and severe in the mountains than down in Ashurst.

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading The cold that winter was more persistent and severe in the mountains than down in Ashurst.

the process whereby heat changes something from a solid to a liquid

From this reading Rafts could not come down the river, so the mills had no work to do, for the logs on hand at the beginning of the cold snap had been sawed into long rough planks, and piled in the lumber-yards, ready to be rafted as soon as the thaw came.

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading The cold that winter was more persistent and severe in the mountains than down in Ashurst.

in spite of the fact that

From this reading The cold, still air was sweet with the fragrance of fresh pine boards, and the ground about the mills was covered with sawdust, so that footsteps fell as silently as though on velvet, instead of ringing sharp against the frozen ground.

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Rafts could not come down the river, so the mills had no work to do, for the logs on hand at the beginning of the cold snap had been sawed into long rough planks, and piled in the lumber-yards, ready to be rafted as soon as the thaw came.

a silky densely piled fabric with a plain back

From this reading The cold, still air was sweet with the fragrance of fresh pine boards, and the ground about the mills was covered with sawdust, so that footsteps fell as silently as though on velvet, instead of ringing sharp against the frozen ground.

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The cold that winter was more persistent and severe in the mountains than down in Ashurst.

binary compound that occurs at room temperature as a clear colorless odorless tasteless liquid; freezes into ice below 0 degrees centigrade and boils above 100 degrees centigrade; widely used as a solvent

From this reading Long lines of sawdust, which had been coiling and whirling in the eddies, or stretching across the black seething water, were caught in the ice, or blown about with the powdered snow over its surface.

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Long lines of sawdust, which had been coiling and whirling in the eddies, or stretching across the black seething water, were caught in the ice, or blown about with the powdered snow over its surface.

in or at the place that

From this reading At Lockhaven the river had been frozen over for a month, even above the bridge and the mills, where the current was swiftest.

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading Long lines of sawdust, which had been coiling and whirling in the eddies, or stretching across the black seething water, were caught in the ice, or blown about with the powdered snow over its surface.

the act of rotating in a circle or spiral

From this reading Long lines of sawdust, which had been coiling and whirling in the eddies, or stretching across the black seething water, were caught in the ice, or blown about with the powdered snow over its surface.

the coldest season of the year; in the northern hemisphere it extends from the winter solstice to the vernal equinox

From this reading The cold that winter was more persistent and severe in the mountains than down in Ashurst.

in the company of; together with

From this reading Long lines of sawdust, which had been coiling and whirling in the eddies, or stretching across the black seething water, were caught in the ice, or blown about with the powdered snow over its surface.

exert oneself by doing mental or physical work for a purpose or out of necessity

From this reading Rafts could not come down the river, so the mills had no work to do, for the logs on hand at the beginning of the cold snap had been sawed into long rough planks, and piled in the lumber-yards, ready to be rafted as soon as the thaw came.