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Joseph Andrews, Vol. 1
Joseph Andrews, Vol. 1

Chapter V

Cover illustration for Joseph Andrews, Vol. 1
Context Illustration Reading 1/11 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
_What happened after their journey to London._ No sooner was young Andrews arrived at London than he began to scrape an acquaintance with his party-coloured brethren, who endeavoured to make him despise his former course of life.
His hair was cut after the newest fashion, and became his chief care; he went abroad with it all the morning in papers, and drest it out in the afternoon.
They could not, however, teach him to game, swear, drink, nor any other genteel vice the town abounded with.
He applied most of his leisure hours to music, in which he greatly improved himself; and became so perfect a connoisseur in that art, that he led the opinion of all the other footmen at an opera, and they never condemned or applauded a single song contrary to his approbation or dislike.
He was a little too forward in riots at the play-houses and assemblies; and when he attended his lady at church (which was but seldom) he behaved with less seeming devotion than formerly: however, if he was outwardly a pretty fellow, his morals remained entirely uncorrupted, though he was at the same time smarter and genteeler than any of the beaus in town, either in or out of livery.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Joseph Andrews, Vol. 1

Chapter V

Reading 1/11 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
_What happened after their journey to London._ No sooner was young Andrews arrived at London than he began to scrape an acquaintance with his party-coloured brethren, who endeavoured to make him despise his former course of life.
Line 2
His hair was cut after the newest fashion, and became his chief care; he went abroad with it all the morning in papers, and drest it out in the afternoon.
Line 3
They could not, however, teach him to game, swear, drink, nor any other genteel vice the town abounded with.
Line 4
He applied most of his leisure hours to music, in which he greatly improved himself; and became so perfect a connoisseur in that art, that he led the opinion of all the other footmen at an opera, and they never condemned or applauded a single song contrary to his approbation or dislike.
Line 5
He was a little too forward in riots at the play-houses and assemblies; and when he attended his lady at church (which was but seldom) he behaved with less seeming devotion than formerly: however, if he was outwardly a pretty fellow, his morals remained entirely uncorrupted, though he was at the same time smarter and genteeler than any of the beaus in town, either in or out of livery.

Learner Dictionary

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, audio, and collocations from this reading.

After preposition US /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading “_What happened after their journey to London._ No sooner was young Andrews arrived at London than he began to scrape an acquaintance with his party-coloured brethren, who endeavoured to make him despise his former course of life.”

Afternoon noun US /ˈafternoon/

a story-specific word describing an important person, object, action, or idea in this passage

From this reading “His hair was cut after the newest fashion, and became his chief care; he went abroad with it all the morning in papers, and drest it out in the afternoon.”

Art auxiliary verb US /ɑːrt/

an old form of “are”, used with “thou”

From this reading “He applied most of his leisure hours to music, in which he greatly improved himself; and became so perfect a connoisseur in that art, that he led the opinion of all the other footmen at an opera, and they never condemned or applauded a single song contrary to his approbation or dislike.”

Began noun US /began/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “_What happened after their journey to London._ No sooner was young Andrews arrived at London than he began to scrape an acquaintance with his party-coloured brethren, who endeavoured to make him despise his former course of life.”

Connoisseur noun US /ˌkɑːnəˈsɜːr/

a person who knows a great deal about the quality of something

From this reading “He applied most of his leisure hours to music, in which he greatly improved himself; and became so perfect a connoisseur in that art, that he led the opinion of all the other footmen at an opera, and they never condemned or applauded a single song contrary to his approbation or dislike.”

Could modal verb US /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading “They could not, however, teach him to game, swear, drink, nor any other genteel vice the town abounded with.”

Course noun US /course/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “_What happened after their journey to London._ No sooner was young Andrews arrived at London than he began to scrape an acquaintance with his party-coloured brethren, who endeavoured to make him despise his former course of life.”

Drink noun US /drink/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “They could not, however, teach him to game, swear, drink, nor any other genteel vice the town abounded with.”

Either determiner US /ˈiːðər/

one or the other of two

From this reading “He was a little too forward in riots at the play-houses and assemblies; and when he attended his lady at church (which was but seldom) he behaved with less seeming devotion than formerly: however, if he was outwardly a pretty fellow, his morals remained entirely uncorrupted, though he was at the same time smarter and genteeler than any of the beaus in town, either in or out of livery.”

Entirely noun US /ˈentirely/

a story-specific word describing an important person, object, action, or idea in this passage

From this reading “He was a little too forward in riots at the play-houses and assemblies; and when he attended his lady at church (which was but seldom) he behaved with less seeming devotion than formerly: however, if he was outwardly a pretty fellow, his morals remained entirely uncorrupted, though he was at the same time smarter and genteeler than any of the beaus in town, either in or out of livery.”

Forward noun US /forward/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “He was a little too forward in riots at the play-houses and assemblies; and when he attended his lady at church (which was but seldom) he behaved with less seeming devotion than formerly: however, if he was outwardly a pretty fellow, his morals remained entirely uncorrupted, though he was at the same time smarter and genteeler than any of the beaus in town, either in or out of livery.”

Himself pronoun US /hɪmˈself/

used when the man or boy doing the action is also its object

From this reading “He applied most of his leisure hours to music, in which he greatly improved himself; and became so perfect a connoisseur in that art, that he led the opinion of all the other footmen at an opera, and they never condemned or applauded a single song contrary to his approbation or dislike.”

However adverb US /ˌhaʊˈevər/

used to add a contrasting statement

From this reading “They could not, however, teach him to game, swear, drink, nor any other genteel vice the town abounded with.”

Journey noun US /ˈjourney/

a story-specific word describing an important person, object, action, or idea in this passage

From this reading “_What happened after their journey to London._ No sooner was young Andrews arrived at London than he began to scrape an acquaintance with his party-coloured brethren, who endeavoured to make him despise his former course of life.”

Life noun US /life/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “_What happened after their journey to London._ No sooner was young Andrews arrived at London than he began to scrape an acquaintance with his party-coloured brethren, who endeavoured to make him despise his former course of life.”

Little noun US /little/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “He was a little too forward in riots at the play-houses and assemblies; and when he attended his lady at church (which was but seldom) he behaved with less seeming devotion than formerly: however, if he was outwardly a pretty fellow, his morals remained entirely uncorrupted, though he was at the same time smarter and genteeler than any of the beaus in town, either in or out of livery.”

Make noun US /make/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “_What happened after their journey to London._ No sooner was young Andrews arrived at London than he began to scrape an acquaintance with his party-coloured brethren, who endeavoured to make him despise his former course of life.”

Morning noun US /morning/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “His hair was cut after the newest fashion, and became his chief care; he went abroad with it all the morning in papers, and drest it out in the afternoon.”

Never noun US /never/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “He applied most of his leisure hours to music, in which he greatly improved himself; and became so perfect a connoisseur in that art, that he led the opinion of all the other footmen at an opera, and they never condemned or applauded a single song contrary to his approbation or dislike.”

Remained noun US /ˈremained/

a story-specific word describing an important person, object, action, or idea in this passage

From this reading “He was a little too forward in riots at the play-houses and assemblies; and when he attended his lady at church (which was but seldom) he behaved with less seeming devotion than formerly: however, if he was outwardly a pretty fellow, his morals remained entirely uncorrupted, though he was at the same time smarter and genteeler than any of the beaus in town, either in or out of livery.”

Same noun US /same/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “He was a little too forward in riots at the play-houses and assemblies; and when he attended his lady at church (which was but seldom) he behaved with less seeming devotion than formerly: however, if he was outwardly a pretty fellow, his morals remained entirely uncorrupted, though he was at the same time smarter and genteeler than any of the beaus in town, either in or out of livery.”

Though conjunction US /ðoʊ/

in spite of the fact that

From this reading “He was a little too forward in riots at the play-houses and assemblies; and when he attended his lady at church (which was but seldom) he behaved with less seeming devotion than formerly: however, if he was outwardly a pretty fellow, his morals remained entirely uncorrupted, though he was at the same time smarter and genteeler than any of the beaus in town, either in or out of livery.”

Time noun US /time/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “He was a little too forward in riots at the play-houses and assemblies; and when he attended his lady at church (which was but seldom) he behaved with less seeming devotion than formerly: however, if he was outwardly a pretty fellow, his morals remained entirely uncorrupted, though he was at the same time smarter and genteeler than any of the beaus in town, either in or out of livery.”

Went noun US /went/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “His hair was cut after the newest fashion, and became his chief care; he went abroad with it all the morning in papers, and drest it out in the afternoon.”

All words in this reading · 128

Every word is available to listen to. Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading He applied most of his leisure hours to music, in which he greatly improved himself; and became so perfect a connoisseur in that art, that he led the opinion of all the other footmen at an opera, and they never condemned or applauded a single song contrary to his approbation or dislike.

abounded

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They could not, however, teach him to game, swear, drink, nor any other genteel vice the town abounded with.

abroad

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading His hair was cut after the newest fashion, and became his chief care; he went abroad with it all the morning in papers, and drest it out in the afternoon.

acquaintance

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _What happened after their journey to London._ No sooner was young Andrews arrived at London than he began to scrape an acquaintance with his party-coloured brethren, who endeavoured to make him despise his former course of life.

afterprepositionUS /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading _What happened after their journey to London._ No sooner was young Andrews arrived at London than he began to scrape an acquaintance with his party-coloured brethren, who endeavoured to make him despise his former course of life.

afternoonnounUS /ˈafternoon/

a story-specific word describing an important person, object, action, or idea in this passage

From this reading His hair was cut after the newest fashion, and became his chief care; he went abroad with it all the morning in papers, and drest it out in the afternoon.

all

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading His hair was cut after the newest fashion, and became his chief care; he went abroad with it all the morning in papers, and drest it out in the afternoon.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading _What happened after their journey to London._ No sooner was young Andrews arrived at London than he began to scrape an acquaintance with his party-coloured brethren, who endeavoured to make him despise his former course of life.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading His hair was cut after the newest fashion, and became his chief care; he went abroad with it all the morning in papers, and drest it out in the afternoon.

Andrews

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _What happened after their journey to London._ No sooner was young Andrews arrived at London than he began to scrape an acquaintance with his party-coloured brethren, who endeavoured to make him despise his former course of life.

any

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They could not, however, teach him to game, swear, drink, nor any other genteel vice the town abounded with.

applauded

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He applied most of his leisure hours to music, in which he greatly improved himself; and became so perfect a connoisseur in that art, that he led the opinion of all the other footmen at an opera, and they never condemned or applauded a single song contrary to his approbation or dislike.

applied

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He applied most of his leisure hours to music, in which he greatly improved himself; and became so perfect a connoisseur in that art, that he led the opinion of all the other footmen at an opera, and they never condemned or applauded a single song contrary to his approbation or dislike.

approbation

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He applied most of his leisure hours to music, in which he greatly improved himself; and became so perfect a connoisseur in that art, that he led the opinion of all the other footmen at an opera, and they never condemned or applauded a single song contrary to his approbation or dislike.

arrived

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _What happened after their journey to London._ No sooner was young Andrews arrived at London than he began to scrape an acquaintance with his party-coloured brethren, who endeavoured to make him despise his former course of life.

artauxiliary verbUS /ɑːrt/

an old form of “are”, used with “thou”

From this reading He applied most of his leisure hours to music, in which he greatly improved himself; and became so perfect a connoisseur in that art, that he led the opinion of all the other footmen at an opera, and they never condemned or applauded a single song contrary to his approbation or dislike.

assemblies

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He was a little too forward in riots at the play-houses and assemblies; and when he attended his lady at church (which was but seldom) he behaved with less seeming devotion than formerly: however, if he was outwardly a pretty fellow, his morals remained entirely uncorrupted, though he was at the same time smarter and genteeler than any of the beaus in town, either in or out of livery.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading _What happened after their journey to London._ No sooner was young Andrews arrived at London than he began to scrape an acquaintance with his party-coloured brethren, who endeavoured to make him despise his former course of life.

attended

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He was a little too forward in riots at the play-houses and assemblies; and when he attended his lady at church (which was but seldom) he behaved with less seeming devotion than formerly: however, if he was outwardly a pretty fellow, his morals remained entirely uncorrupted, though he was at the same time smarter and genteeler than any of the beaus in town, either in or out of livery.

beaus

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He was a little too forward in riots at the play-houses and assemblies; and when he attended his lady at church (which was but seldom) he behaved with less seeming devotion than formerly: however, if he was outwardly a pretty fellow, his morals remained entirely uncorrupted, though he was at the same time smarter and genteeler than any of the beaus in town, either in or out of livery.

became

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading His hair was cut after the newest fashion, and became his chief care; he went abroad with it all the morning in papers, and drest it out in the afternoon.

begannounUS /began/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading _What happened after their journey to London._ No sooner was young Andrews arrived at London than he began to scrape an acquaintance with his party-coloured brethren, who endeavoured to make him despise his former course of life.

behaved

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He was a little too forward in riots at the play-houses and assemblies; and when he attended his lady at church (which was but seldom) he behaved with less seeming devotion than formerly: however, if he was outwardly a pretty fellow, his morals remained entirely uncorrupted, though he was at the same time smarter and genteeler than any of the beaus in town, either in or out of livery.

brethren

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _What happened after their journey to London._ No sooner was young Andrews arrived at London than he began to scrape an acquaintance with his party-coloured brethren, who endeavoured to make him despise his former course of life.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading He was a little too forward in riots at the play-houses and assemblies; and when he attended his lady at church (which was but seldom) he behaved with less seeming devotion than formerly: however, if he was outwardly a pretty fellow, his morals remained entirely uncorrupted, though he was at the same time smarter and genteeler than any of the beaus in town, either in or out of livery.

care

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading His hair was cut after the newest fashion, and became his chief care; he went abroad with it all the morning in papers, and drest it out in the afternoon.

chief

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading His hair was cut after the newest fashion, and became his chief care; he went abroad with it all the morning in papers, and drest it out in the afternoon.

church

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He was a little too forward in riots at the play-houses and assemblies; and when he attended his lady at church (which was but seldom) he behaved with less seeming devotion than formerly: however, if he was outwardly a pretty fellow, his morals remained entirely uncorrupted, though he was at the same time smarter and genteeler than any of the beaus in town, either in or out of livery.

condemned

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He applied most of his leisure hours to music, in which he greatly improved himself; and became so perfect a connoisseur in that art, that he led the opinion of all the other footmen at an opera, and they never condemned or applauded a single song contrary to his approbation or dislike.

connoisseurnounUS /ˌkɑːnəˈsɜːr/

a person who knows a great deal about the quality of something

From this reading He applied most of his leisure hours to music, in which he greatly improved himself; and became so perfect a connoisseur in that art, that he led the opinion of all the other footmen at an opera, and they never condemned or applauded a single song contrary to his approbation or dislike.

contrary

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He applied most of his leisure hours to music, in which he greatly improved himself; and became so perfect a connoisseur in that art, that he led the opinion of all the other footmen at an opera, and they never condemned or applauded a single song contrary to his approbation or dislike.

couldmodal verbUS /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading They could not, however, teach him to game, swear, drink, nor any other genteel vice the town abounded with.

coursenounUS /course/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading _What happened after their journey to London._ No sooner was young Andrews arrived at London than he began to scrape an acquaintance with his party-coloured brethren, who endeavoured to make him despise his former course of life.

cut

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading His hair was cut after the newest fashion, and became his chief care; he went abroad with it all the morning in papers, and drest it out in the afternoon.

despise

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _What happened after their journey to London._ No sooner was young Andrews arrived at London than he began to scrape an acquaintance with his party-coloured brethren, who endeavoured to make him despise his former course of life.

devotion

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He was a little too forward in riots at the play-houses and assemblies; and when he attended his lady at church (which was but seldom) he behaved with less seeming devotion than formerly: however, if he was outwardly a pretty fellow, his morals remained entirely uncorrupted, though he was at the same time smarter and genteeler than any of the beaus in town, either in or out of livery.

dislike

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He applied most of his leisure hours to music, in which he greatly improved himself; and became so perfect a connoisseur in that art, that he led the opinion of all the other footmen at an opera, and they never condemned or applauded a single song contrary to his approbation or dislike.

drest

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading His hair was cut after the newest fashion, and became his chief care; he went abroad with it all the morning in papers, and drest it out in the afternoon.

drink

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They could not, however, teach him to game, swear, drink, nor any other genteel vice the town abounded with.

eitherdeterminerUS /ˈiːðər/

one or the other of two

From this reading He was a little too forward in riots at the play-houses and assemblies; and when he attended his lady at church (which was but seldom) he behaved with less seeming devotion than formerly: however, if he was outwardly a pretty fellow, his morals remained entirely uncorrupted, though he was at the same time smarter and genteeler than any of the beaus in town, either in or out of livery.

endeavoured

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _What happened after their journey to London._ No sooner was young Andrews arrived at London than he began to scrape an acquaintance with his party-coloured brethren, who endeavoured to make him despise his former course of life.

entirelynounUS /ˈentirely/

a story-specific word describing an important person, object, action, or idea in this passage

From this reading He was a little too forward in riots at the play-houses and assemblies; and when he attended his lady at church (which was but seldom) he behaved with less seeming devotion than formerly: however, if he was outwardly a pretty fellow, his morals remained entirely uncorrupted, though he was at the same time smarter and genteeler than any of the beaus in town, either in or out of livery.

fashion

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading His hair was cut after the newest fashion, and became his chief care; he went abroad with it all the morning in papers, and drest it out in the afternoon.

fellow

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He was a little too forward in riots at the play-houses and assemblies; and when he attended his lady at church (which was but seldom) he behaved with less seeming devotion than formerly: however, if he was outwardly a pretty fellow, his morals remained entirely uncorrupted, though he was at the same time smarter and genteeler than any of the beaus in town, either in or out of livery.

footmen

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He applied most of his leisure hours to music, in which he greatly improved himself; and became so perfect a connoisseur in that art, that he led the opinion of all the other footmen at an opera, and they never condemned or applauded a single song contrary to his approbation or dislike.

former

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _What happened after their journey to London._ No sooner was young Andrews arrived at London than he began to scrape an acquaintance with his party-coloured brethren, who endeavoured to make him despise his former course of life.

formerly

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He was a little too forward in riots at the play-houses and assemblies; and when he attended his lady at church (which was but seldom) he behaved with less seeming devotion than formerly: however, if he was outwardly a pretty fellow, his morals remained entirely uncorrupted, though he was at the same time smarter and genteeler than any of the beaus in town, either in or out of livery.

forwardnounUS /forward/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading He was a little too forward in riots at the play-houses and assemblies; and when he attended his lady at church (which was but seldom) he behaved with less seeming devotion than formerly: however, if he was outwardly a pretty fellow, his morals remained entirely uncorrupted, though he was at the same time smarter and genteeler than any of the beaus in town, either in or out of livery.

game

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They could not, however, teach him to game, swear, drink, nor any other genteel vice the town abounded with.

genteel

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They could not, however, teach him to game, swear, drink, nor any other genteel vice the town abounded with.

genteeler

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He was a little too forward in riots at the play-houses and assemblies; and when he attended his lady at church (which was but seldom) he behaved with less seeming devotion than formerly: however, if he was outwardly a pretty fellow, his morals remained entirely uncorrupted, though he was at the same time smarter and genteeler than any of the beaus in town, either in or out of livery.

greatly

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He applied most of his leisure hours to music, in which he greatly improved himself; and became so perfect a connoisseur in that art, that he led the opinion of all the other footmen at an opera, and they never condemned or applauded a single song contrary to his approbation or dislike.

hair

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading His hair was cut after the newest fashion, and became his chief care; he went abroad with it all the morning in papers, and drest it out in the afternoon.

happened

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _What happened after their journey to London._ No sooner was young Andrews arrived at London than he began to scrape an acquaintance with his party-coloured brethren, who endeavoured to make him despise his former course of life.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading _What happened after their journey to London._ No sooner was young Andrews arrived at London than he began to scrape an acquaintance with his party-coloured brethren, who endeavoured to make him despise his former course of life.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading _What happened after their journey to London._ No sooner was young Andrews arrived at London than he began to scrape an acquaintance with his party-coloured brethren, who endeavoured to make him despise his former course of life.

himselfpronounUS /hɪmˈself/

used when the man or boy doing the action is also its object

From this reading He applied most of his leisure hours to music, in which he greatly improved himself; and became so perfect a connoisseur in that art, that he led the opinion of all the other footmen at an opera, and they never condemned or applauded a single song contrary to his approbation or dislike.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading _What happened after their journey to London._ No sooner was young Andrews arrived at London than he began to scrape an acquaintance with his party-coloured brethren, who endeavoured to make him despise his former course of life.

hours

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He applied most of his leisure hours to music, in which he greatly improved himself; and became so perfect a connoisseur in that art, that he led the opinion of all the other footmen at an opera, and they never condemned or applauded a single song contrary to his approbation or dislike.

howeveradverbUS /ˌhaʊˈevər/

used to add a contrasting statement

From this reading They could not, however, teach him to game, swear, drink, nor any other genteel vice the town abounded with.

ifconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading He was a little too forward in riots at the play-houses and assemblies; and when he attended his lady at church (which was but seldom) he behaved with less seeming devotion than formerly: however, if he was outwardly a pretty fellow, his morals remained entirely uncorrupted, though he was at the same time smarter and genteeler than any of the beaus in town, either in or out of livery.

improved

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He applied most of his leisure hours to music, in which he greatly improved himself; and became so perfect a connoisseur in that art, that he led the opinion of all the other footmen at an opera, and they never condemned or applauded a single song contrary to his approbation or dislike.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading His hair was cut after the newest fashion, and became his chief care; he went abroad with it all the morning in papers, and drest it out in the afternoon.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading His hair was cut after the newest fashion, and became his chief care; he went abroad with it all the morning in papers, and drest it out in the afternoon.

journeynounUS /ˈjourney/

a story-specific word describing an important person, object, action, or idea in this passage

From this reading _What happened after their journey to London._ No sooner was young Andrews arrived at London than he began to scrape an acquaintance with his party-coloured brethren, who endeavoured to make him despise his former course of life.

lady

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From this reading He was a little too forward in riots at the play-houses and assemblies; and when he attended his lady at church (which was but seldom) he behaved with less seeming devotion than formerly: however, if he was outwardly a pretty fellow, his morals remained entirely uncorrupted, though he was at the same time smarter and genteeler than any of the beaus in town, either in or out of livery.

led

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From this reading He applied most of his leisure hours to music, in which he greatly improved himself; and became so perfect a connoisseur in that art, that he led the opinion of all the other footmen at an opera, and they never condemned or applauded a single song contrary to his approbation or dislike.

leisure

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From this reading He applied most of his leisure hours to music, in which he greatly improved himself; and became so perfect a connoisseur in that art, that he led the opinion of all the other footmen at an opera, and they never condemned or applauded a single song contrary to his approbation or dislike.

less

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From this reading He was a little too forward in riots at the play-houses and assemblies; and when he attended his lady at church (which was but seldom) he behaved with less seeming devotion than formerly: however, if he was outwardly a pretty fellow, his morals remained entirely uncorrupted, though he was at the same time smarter and genteeler than any of the beaus in town, either in or out of livery.

lifenounUS /life/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading _What happened after their journey to London._ No sooner was young Andrews arrived at London than he began to scrape an acquaintance with his party-coloured brethren, who endeavoured to make him despise his former course of life.

littlenounUS /little/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading He was a little too forward in riots at the play-houses and assemblies; and when he attended his lady at church (which was but seldom) he behaved with less seeming devotion than formerly: however, if he was outwardly a pretty fellow, his morals remained entirely uncorrupted, though he was at the same time smarter and genteeler than any of the beaus in town, either in or out of livery.

livery

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From this reading He was a little too forward in riots at the play-houses and assemblies; and when he attended his lady at church (which was but seldom) he behaved with less seeming devotion than formerly: however, if he was outwardly a pretty fellow, his morals remained entirely uncorrupted, though he was at the same time smarter and genteeler than any of the beaus in town, either in or out of livery.

London

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From this reading _What happened after their journey to London._ No sooner was young Andrews arrived at London than he began to scrape an acquaintance with his party-coloured brethren, who endeavoured to make him despise his former course of life.

makenounUS /make/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading _What happened after their journey to London._ No sooner was young Andrews arrived at London than he began to scrape an acquaintance with his party-coloured brethren, who endeavoured to make him despise his former course of life.

morals

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From this reading He was a little too forward in riots at the play-houses and assemblies; and when he attended his lady at church (which was but seldom) he behaved with less seeming devotion than formerly: however, if he was outwardly a pretty fellow, his morals remained entirely uncorrupted, though he was at the same time smarter and genteeler than any of the beaus in town, either in or out of livery.

morningnounUS /morning/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading His hair was cut after the newest fashion, and became his chief care; he went abroad with it all the morning in papers, and drest it out in the afternoon.

most

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From this reading He applied most of his leisure hours to music, in which he greatly improved himself; and became so perfect a connoisseur in that art, that he led the opinion of all the other footmen at an opera, and they never condemned or applauded a single song contrary to his approbation or dislike.

music

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From this reading He applied most of his leisure hours to music, in which he greatly improved himself; and became so perfect a connoisseur in that art, that he led the opinion of all the other footmen at an opera, and they never condemned or applauded a single song contrary to his approbation or dislike.

nevernounUS /never/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading He applied most of his leisure hours to music, in which he greatly improved himself; and became so perfect a connoisseur in that art, that he led the opinion of all the other footmen at an opera, and they never condemned or applauded a single song contrary to his approbation or dislike.

newest

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From this reading His hair was cut after the newest fashion, and became his chief care; he went abroad with it all the morning in papers, and drest it out in the afternoon.

NodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading _What happened after their journey to London._ No sooner was young Andrews arrived at London than he began to scrape an acquaintance with his party-coloured brethren, who endeavoured to make him despise his former course of life.

norconjunctionUS /nɔːr/

and not; used after a negative to add a second negative

From this reading They could not, however, teach him to game, swear, drink, nor any other genteel vice the town abounded with.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading They could not, however, teach him to game, swear, drink, nor any other genteel vice the town abounded with.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading _What happened after their journey to London._ No sooner was young Andrews arrived at London than he began to scrape an acquaintance with his party-coloured brethren, who endeavoured to make him despise his former course of life.

opera

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From this reading He applied most of his leisure hours to music, in which he greatly improved himself; and became so perfect a connoisseur in that art, that he led the opinion of all the other footmen at an opera, and they never condemned or applauded a single song contrary to his approbation or dislike.

opinion

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From this reading He applied most of his leisure hours to music, in which he greatly improved himself; and became so perfect a connoisseur in that art, that he led the opinion of all the other footmen at an opera, and they never condemned or applauded a single song contrary to his approbation or dislike.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading He applied most of his leisure hours to music, in which he greatly improved himself; and became so perfect a connoisseur in that art, that he led the opinion of all the other footmen at an opera, and they never condemned or applauded a single song contrary to his approbation or dislike.

other

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From this reading They could not, however, teach him to game, swear, drink, nor any other genteel vice the town abounded with.

out

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From this reading His hair was cut after the newest fashion, and became his chief care; he went abroad with it all the morning in papers, and drest it out in the afternoon.

outwardly

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He was a little too forward in riots at the play-houses and assemblies; and when he attended his lady at church (which was but seldom) he behaved with less seeming devotion than formerly: however, if he was outwardly a pretty fellow, his morals remained entirely uncorrupted, though he was at the same time smarter and genteeler than any of the beaus in town, either in or out of livery.

papers

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From this reading His hair was cut after the newest fashion, and became his chief care; he went abroad with it all the morning in papers, and drest it out in the afternoon.

party-coloured

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From this reading _What happened after their journey to London._ No sooner was young Andrews arrived at London than he began to scrape an acquaintance with his party-coloured brethren, who endeavoured to make him despise his former course of life.

perfect

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From this reading He applied most of his leisure hours to music, in which he greatly improved himself; and became so perfect a connoisseur in that art, that he led the opinion of all the other footmen at an opera, and they never condemned or applauded a single song contrary to his approbation or dislike.

play-houses

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From this reading He was a little too forward in riots at the play-houses and assemblies; and when he attended his lady at church (which was but seldom) he behaved with less seeming devotion than formerly: however, if he was outwardly a pretty fellow, his morals remained entirely uncorrupted, though he was at the same time smarter and genteeler than any of the beaus in town, either in or out of livery.

pretty

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He was a little too forward in riots at the play-houses and assemblies; and when he attended his lady at church (which was but seldom) he behaved with less seeming devotion than formerly: however, if he was outwardly a pretty fellow, his morals remained entirely uncorrupted, though he was at the same time smarter and genteeler than any of the beaus in town, either in or out of livery.

remainednounUS /ˈremained/

a story-specific word describing an important person, object, action, or idea in this passage

From this reading He was a little too forward in riots at the play-houses and assemblies; and when he attended his lady at church (which was but seldom) he behaved with less seeming devotion than formerly: however, if he was outwardly a pretty fellow, his morals remained entirely uncorrupted, though he was at the same time smarter and genteeler than any of the beaus in town, either in or out of livery.

riots

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He was a little too forward in riots at the play-houses and assemblies; and when he attended his lady at church (which was but seldom) he behaved with less seeming devotion than formerly: however, if he was outwardly a pretty fellow, his morals remained entirely uncorrupted, though he was at the same time smarter and genteeler than any of the beaus in town, either in or out of livery.

samenounUS /same/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading He was a little too forward in riots at the play-houses and assemblies; and when he attended his lady at church (which was but seldom) he behaved with less seeming devotion than formerly: however, if he was outwardly a pretty fellow, his morals remained entirely uncorrupted, though he was at the same time smarter and genteeler than any of the beaus in town, either in or out of livery.

scrape

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _What happened after their journey to London._ No sooner was young Andrews arrived at London than he began to scrape an acquaintance with his party-coloured brethren, who endeavoured to make him despise his former course of life.

seeming

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He was a little too forward in riots at the play-houses and assemblies; and when he attended his lady at church (which was but seldom) he behaved with less seeming devotion than formerly: however, if he was outwardly a pretty fellow, his morals remained entirely uncorrupted, though he was at the same time smarter and genteeler than any of the beaus in town, either in or out of livery.

seldom

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He was a little too forward in riots at the play-houses and assemblies; and when he attended his lady at church (which was but seldom) he behaved with less seeming devotion than formerly: however, if he was outwardly a pretty fellow, his morals remained entirely uncorrupted, though he was at the same time smarter and genteeler than any of the beaus in town, either in or out of livery.

single

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From this reading He applied most of his leisure hours to music, in which he greatly improved himself; and became so perfect a connoisseur in that art, that he led the opinion of all the other footmen at an opera, and they never condemned or applauded a single song contrary to his approbation or dislike.

smarter

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He was a little too forward in riots at the play-houses and assemblies; and when he attended his lady at church (which was but seldom) he behaved with less seeming devotion than formerly: however, if he was outwardly a pretty fellow, his morals remained entirely uncorrupted, though he was at the same time smarter and genteeler than any of the beaus in town, either in or out of livery.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading He applied most of his leisure hours to music, in which he greatly improved himself; and became so perfect a connoisseur in that art, that he led the opinion of all the other footmen at an opera, and they never condemned or applauded a single song contrary to his approbation or dislike.

song

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He applied most of his leisure hours to music, in which he greatly improved himself; and became so perfect a connoisseur in that art, that he led the opinion of all the other footmen at an opera, and they never condemned or applauded a single song contrary to his approbation or dislike.

sooner

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _What happened after their journey to London._ No sooner was young Andrews arrived at London than he began to scrape an acquaintance with his party-coloured brethren, who endeavoured to make him despise his former course of life.

swear

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They could not, however, teach him to game, swear, drink, nor any other genteel vice the town abounded with.

teach

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They could not, however, teach him to game, swear, drink, nor any other genteel vice the town abounded with.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading _What happened after their journey to London._ No sooner was young Andrews arrived at London than he began to scrape an acquaintance with his party-coloured brethren, who endeavoured to make him despise his former course of life.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading He applied most of his leisure hours to music, in which he greatly improved himself; and became so perfect a connoisseur in that art, that he led the opinion of all the other footmen at an opera, and they never condemned or applauded a single song contrary to his approbation or dislike.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading His hair was cut after the newest fashion, and became his chief care; he went abroad with it all the morning in papers, and drest it out in the afternoon.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading _What happened after their journey to London._ No sooner was young Andrews arrived at London than he began to scrape an acquaintance with his party-coloured brethren, who endeavoured to make him despise his former course of life.

TheypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading They could not, however, teach him to game, swear, drink, nor any other genteel vice the town abounded with.

thoughconjunctionUS /ðoʊ/

in spite of the fact that

From this reading He was a little too forward in riots at the play-houses and assemblies; and when he attended his lady at church (which was but seldom) he behaved with less seeming devotion than formerly: however, if he was outwardly a pretty fellow, his morals remained entirely uncorrupted, though he was at the same time smarter and genteeler than any of the beaus in town, either in or out of livery.

timenounUS /time/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading He was a little too forward in riots at the play-houses and assemblies; and when he attended his lady at church (which was but seldom) he behaved with less seeming devotion than formerly: however, if he was outwardly a pretty fellow, his morals remained entirely uncorrupted, though he was at the same time smarter and genteeler than any of the beaus in town, either in or out of livery.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading _What happened after their journey to London._ No sooner was young Andrews arrived at London than he began to scrape an acquaintance with his party-coloured brethren, who endeavoured to make him despise his former course of life.

too

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He was a little too forward in riots at the play-houses and assemblies; and when he attended his lady at church (which was but seldom) he behaved with less seeming devotion than formerly: however, if he was outwardly a pretty fellow, his morals remained entirely uncorrupted, though he was at the same time smarter and genteeler than any of the beaus in town, either in or out of livery.

town

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They could not, however, teach him to game, swear, drink, nor any other genteel vice the town abounded with.

uncorrupted

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He was a little too forward in riots at the play-houses and assemblies; and when he attended his lady at church (which was but seldom) he behaved with less seeming devotion than formerly: however, if he was outwardly a pretty fellow, his morals remained entirely uncorrupted, though he was at the same time smarter and genteeler than any of the beaus in town, either in or out of livery.

vice

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They could not, however, teach him to game, swear, drink, nor any other genteel vice the town abounded with.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading _What happened after their journey to London._ No sooner was young Andrews arrived at London than he began to scrape an acquaintance with his party-coloured brethren, who endeavoured to make him despise his former course of life.

wentnounUS /went/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading His hair was cut after the newest fashion, and became his chief care; he went abroad with it all the morning in papers, and drest it out in the afternoon.

WhatpronounUS /wʌt/

used to ask for information about something

From this reading _What happened after their journey to London._ No sooner was young Andrews arrived at London than he began to scrape an acquaintance with his party-coloured brethren, who endeavoured to make him despise his former course of life.

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading He was a little too forward in riots at the play-houses and assemblies; and when he attended his lady at church (which was but seldom) he behaved with less seeming devotion than formerly: however, if he was outwardly a pretty fellow, his morals remained entirely uncorrupted, though he was at the same time smarter and genteeler than any of the beaus in town, either in or out of livery.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading He applied most of his leisure hours to music, in which he greatly improved himself; and became so perfect a connoisseur in that art, that he led the opinion of all the other footmen at an opera, and they never condemned or applauded a single song contrary to his approbation or dislike.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading _What happened after their journey to London._ No sooner was young Andrews arrived at London than he began to scrape an acquaintance with his party-coloured brethren, who endeavoured to make him despise his former course of life.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading _What happened after their journey to London._ No sooner was young Andrews arrived at London than he began to scrape an acquaintance with his party-coloured brethren, who endeavoured to make him despise his former course of life.

young

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _What happened after their journey to London._ No sooner was young Andrews arrived at London than he began to scrape an acquaintance with his party-coloured brethren, who endeavoured to make him despise his former course of life.