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Joseph II. and His Court: An Historical Novel
Joseph II. and His Court: An Historical Novel

Chapter XXXI · Chapter 31

Chapter 31 of Joseph II. and His Court: An Historical Novel is here in full — 675 sentences across 135 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Joseph II. and His Court: An Historical Novel
Context Illustration Reading 1/135 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
PRINCE POTEMKIN.
Prince Potemkin was just out of bed.
In front of him, two pages, richly dressed, bowed down to the floor as they opened the door for him to pass into his cabinet.
Behind him, two more pages held up the train of his velvet dressing-gown, which, all bedecked with jewels, came trailing behind his tall, graceful figure.
Behind the pages were four valets with breakfast and Turkish pipes.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Joseph II. and His Court: An Historical Novel

Chapter XXXI · Chapter 31

Chapter 31 of Joseph II. and His Court: An Historical Novel is here in full — 675 sentences across 135 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/135 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
PRINCE POTEMKIN.
/prɪns pəˈtemkɪn/
Line 2
Prince Potemkin was just out of bed.
/prɪns pəˈtemkɪn wɑːz dʒʌst aʊt ʌv bed/
Line 3
In front of him, two pages, richly dressed, bowed down to the floor as they opened the door for him to pass into his cabinet.
/ɪn frʌnt ʌv hɪm tuː ˈpeɪdʒəz ˈrɪtʃli drest baʊd daʊn tuː ðə flɔːr æz ðeɪ ˈoʊpənd ðə dɔːr fɔːr hɪm tuː pæs ˈɪntuː hɪz ˈkæbənət/
Line 4
Behind him, two more pages held up the train of his velvet dressing-gown, which, all bedecked with jewels, came trailing behind his tall, graceful figure.
Line 5
Behind the pages were four valets with breakfast and Turkish pipes.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

bedecked verb US /bɪˈdekt/

past form of “bedeck” — decorate

From this reading “Behind him, two more pages held up the train of his velvet dressing-gown, which, all bedecked with jewels, came trailing behind his tall, graceful figure.”

cabinet noun US /ˈkæbənət/

a piece of furniture resembling a cupboard with doors and shelves and drawers; for storage or display

From this reading “In front of him, two pages, richly dressed, bowed down to the floor as they opened the door for him to pass into his cabinet.”

pipes noun US /paɪps/

plural of “pipe” — a tube with a small bowl at one end; used for smoking tobacco

From this reading “Behind the pages were four valets with breakfast and Turkish pipes.”

potemkin noun US /pəˈtemkɪn/

a Russian officer and politician who was a favorite of Catherine II and in 1762 helped her to seize power; when she visited the Crimea in 1787 he gave the order for sham villages to be built (1739-1791)

From this reading “PRINCE POTEMKIN.”

richly adverb US /ˈrɪtʃli/

to an ample degree or in an ample manner

From this reading “In front of him, two pages, richly dressed, bowed down to the floor as they opened the door for him to pass into his cabinet.”

trailing noun US /ˈtreɪlɪŋ/

the pursuit (of a person or animal) by following tracks or marks they left behind

From this reading “Behind him, two more pages held up the train of his velvet dressing-gown, which, all bedecked with jewels, came trailing behind his tall, graceful figure.”

Turkish adjective US /ˈtɜːrkɪʃ/

of or relating to or characteristic of Turkey or its people or language

From this reading “Behind the pages were four valets with breakfast and Turkish pipes.”

velvet noun US /ˈvelvət/

a silky densely piled fabric with a plain back

From this reading “Behind him, two more pages held up the train of his velvet dressing-gown, which, all bedecked with jewels, came trailing behind his tall, graceful figure.”

All words in this reading · 52

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading Behind him, two more pages held up the train of his velvet dressing-gown, which, all bedecked with jewels, came trailing behind his tall, graceful figure.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Behind the pages were four valets with breakfast and Turkish pipes.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading In front of him, two pages, richly dressed, bowed down to the floor as they opened the door for him to pass into his cabinet.

bednounUS /bed/

a piece of furniture that provides a place to sleep

From this reading Prince Potemkin was just out of bed.

bedeckedverbUS /bɪˈdekt/

past form of “bedeck” — decorate

From this reading Behind him, two more pages held up the train of his velvet dressing-gown, which, all bedecked with jewels, came trailing behind his tall, graceful figure.

BehindprepositionUS /bɪˈhaɪnd/

at or toward the back of something

From this reading Behind him, two more pages held up the train of his velvet dressing-gown, which, all bedecked with jewels, came trailing behind his tall, graceful figure.

bowedadjectiveUS /baʊd/

of a stringed instrument; sounded by stroking with a bow

From this reading In front of him, two pages, richly dressed, bowed down to the floor as they opened the door for him to pass into his cabinet.

breakfastverbUS /ˈbrekfəst/

eat an early morning meal

From this reading Behind the pages were four valets with breakfast and Turkish pipes.

cabinetnounUS /ˈkæbənət/

a piece of furniture resembling a cupboard with doors and shelves and drawers; for storage or display

From this reading In front of him, two pages, richly dressed, bowed down to the floor as they opened the door for him to pass into his cabinet.

cameverbUS /keɪm/

inflected form of “come” — move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody

From this reading Behind him, two more pages held up the train of his velvet dressing-gown, which, all bedecked with jewels, came trailing behind his tall, graceful figure.

doornounUS /dɔːr/

a swinging or sliding barrier that will close the entrance to a room or building or vehicle

From this reading In front of him, two pages, richly dressed, bowed down to the floor as they opened the door for him to pass into his cabinet.

downadjectiveUS /daʊn/

being or moving lower in position or less in some value

From this reading In front of him, two pages, richly dressed, bowed down to the floor as they opened the door for him to pass into his cabinet.

dressedadjectiveUS /drest/

dressed or clothed especially in fine attire; often used in combination

From this reading In front of him, two pages, richly dressed, bowed down to the floor as they opened the door for him to pass into his cabinet.

dressing-gown

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Behind him, two more pages held up the train of his velvet dressing-gown, which, all bedecked with jewels, came trailing behind his tall, graceful figure.

figurenounUS /ˈfɪɡjər/

a diagram or picture illustrating textual material

From this reading Behind him, two more pages held up the train of his velvet dressing-gown, which, all bedecked with jewels, came trailing behind his tall, graceful figure.

floornounUS /flɔːr/

the inside lower horizontal surface (as of a room, hallway, tent, or other structure)

From this reading In front of him, two pages, richly dressed, bowed down to the floor as they opened the door for him to pass into his cabinet.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading In front of him, two pages, richly dressed, bowed down to the floor as they opened the door for him to pass into his cabinet.

fournounUS /fɔːr/

the cardinal number that is the sum of three and one

From this reading Behind the pages were four valets with breakfast and Turkish pipes.

frontnounUS /frʌnt/

the side that is forward or prominent

From this reading In front of him, two pages, richly dressed, bowed down to the floor as they opened the door for him to pass into his cabinet.

gracefuladjectiveUS /ˈɡreɪsfəl/

characterized by beauty of movement, style, form, or execution

From this reading Behind him, two more pages held up the train of his velvet dressing-gown, which, all bedecked with jewels, came trailing behind his tall, graceful figure.

heldadjectiveUS /held/

occupied or in the control of; often used in combination

From this reading Behind him, two more pages held up the train of his velvet dressing-gown, which, all bedecked with jewels, came trailing behind his tall, graceful figure.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading In front of him, two pages, richly dressed, bowed down to the floor as they opened the door for him to pass into his cabinet.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading In front of him, two pages, richly dressed, bowed down to the floor as they opened the door for him to pass into his cabinet.

InprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading In front of him, two pages, richly dressed, bowed down to the floor as they opened the door for him to pass into his cabinet.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading In front of him, two pages, richly dressed, bowed down to the floor as they opened the door for him to pass into his cabinet.

jewelsnounUS /ˈdʒuːəlz/

plural of “jewel” — a precious or semiprecious stone incorporated into a piece of jewelry

From this reading Behind him, two more pages held up the train of his velvet dressing-gown, which, all bedecked with jewels, came trailing behind his tall, graceful figure.

justadverbUS /dʒʌst/

and nothing more

From this reading Prince Potemkin was just out of bed.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading Behind him, two more pages held up the train of his velvet dressing-gown, which, all bedecked with jewels, came trailing behind his tall, graceful figure.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Prince Potemkin was just out of bed.

openedadjectiveUS /ˈoʊpənd/

used of mouth or eyes

From this reading In front of him, two pages, richly dressed, bowed down to the floor as they opened the door for him to pass into his cabinet.

outadjectiveUS /aʊt/

not allowed to continue to bat or run

From this reading Prince Potemkin was just out of bed.

pagesnounUS /ˈpeɪdʒəz/

plural of “page” — one side of one leaf (of a book or magazine or newspaper or letter etc.) or the written or pictorial matter it contains

From this reading In front of him, two pages, richly dressed, bowed down to the floor as they opened the door for him to pass into his cabinet.

passverbUS /pæs/

go across or through

From this reading In front of him, two pages, richly dressed, bowed down to the floor as they opened the door for him to pass into his cabinet.

pipesnounUS /paɪps/

plural of “pipe” — a tube with a small bowl at one end; used for smoking tobacco

From this reading Behind the pages were four valets with breakfast and Turkish pipes.

POTEMKINnounUS /pəˈtemkɪn/

a Russian officer and politician who was a favorite of Catherine II and in 1762 helped her to seize power; when she visited the Crimea in 1787 he gave the order for sham villages to be built (1739-1791)

From this reading PRINCE POTEMKIN.

PRINCEnounUS /prɪns/

a male member of a royal family other than the sovereign (especially the son of a sovereign)

From this reading PRINCE POTEMKIN.

richlyadverbUS /ˈrɪtʃli/

to an ample degree or in an ample manner

From this reading In front of him, two pages, richly dressed, bowed down to the floor as they opened the door for him to pass into his cabinet.

talladjectiveUS /tɔːl/

great in vertical dimension; high in stature

From this reading Behind him, two more pages held up the train of his velvet dressing-gown, which, all bedecked with jewels, came trailing behind his tall, graceful figure.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading In front of him, two pages, richly dressed, bowed down to the floor as they opened the door for him to pass into his cabinet.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading In front of him, two pages, richly dressed, bowed down to the floor as they opened the door for him to pass into his cabinet.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading In front of him, two pages, richly dressed, bowed down to the floor as they opened the door for him to pass into his cabinet.

trailingnounUS /ˈtreɪlɪŋ/

the pursuit (of a person or animal) by following tracks or marks they left behind

From this reading Behind him, two more pages held up the train of his velvet dressing-gown, which, all bedecked with jewels, came trailing behind his tall, graceful figure.

trainverbUS /treɪn/

create by training and teaching

From this reading Behind him, two more pages held up the train of his velvet dressing-gown, which, all bedecked with jewels, came trailing behind his tall, graceful figure.

TurkishadjectiveUS /ˈtɜːrkɪʃ/

of or relating to or characteristic of Turkey or its people or language

From this reading Behind the pages were four valets with breakfast and Turkish pipes.

twonounUS /tuː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one or a numeral representing this number

From this reading In front of him, two pages, richly dressed, bowed down to the floor as they opened the door for him to pass into his cabinet.

upadjectiveUS /ʌp/

being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level

From this reading Behind him, two more pages held up the train of his velvet dressing-gown, which, all bedecked with jewels, came trailing behind his tall, graceful figure.

valets

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Behind the pages were four valets with breakfast and Turkish pipes.

velvetnounUS /ˈvelvət/

a silky densely piled fabric with a plain back

From this reading Behind him, two more pages held up the train of his velvet dressing-gown, which, all bedecked with jewels, came trailing behind his tall, graceful figure.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Prince Potemkin was just out of bed.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Behind the pages were four valets with breakfast and Turkish pipes.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading Behind him, two more pages held up the train of his velvet dressing-gown, which, all bedecked with jewels, came trailing behind his tall, graceful figure.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Behind him, two more pages held up the train of his velvet dressing-gown, which, all bedecked with jewels, came trailing behind his tall, graceful figure.

Chapter 31 of Joseph II. and His Court: An Historical Novel by L. (Luise) Mühlbach holds 675 sentences, grouped into 135 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the public-domain source, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 31 of Joseph II. and His Court: An Historical Novel contain?

Chapter 31 holds 675 sentences of Joseph II. and His Court: An Historical Novel, unabridged, divided into 135 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 31 of Joseph II. and His Court: An Historical Novel by L. (Luise) Mühlbach exactly as it stands in the public-domain source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 675 sentences, grouped into 135 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 31 of Joseph II. and His Court: An Historical Novel?

Work through the 135 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 135 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 31 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 31 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Joseph II. and His Court: An Historical Novel

Common questions about reading Joseph II. and His Court: An Historical Novel by L. (Luise) Mühlbach on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Joseph II. and His Court: An Historical Novel?

Yes. All 22314 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #3793 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Joseph II. and His Court: An Historical Novel is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #3793, a public-domain edition. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Joseph II. and His Court: An Historical Novel take to read?

About 600 minutes of reading across 4463 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Joseph II. and His Court: An Historical Novel section by section

How to work through Joseph II. and His Court: An Historical Novel section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

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  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Joseph II. and His Court: An Historical Novel

Words and structures a reader meets early in Joseph II. and His Court: An Historical Novel, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Conference
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Joseph II. and His Court: An Historical Novel; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Council-chamber
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Joseph II. and His Court: An Historical Novel; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Empress
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Joseph II. and His Court: An Historical Novel; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Maria
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Joseph II. and His Court: An Historical Novel; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.